JP2020004880A - 基板処理装置、基板処理システムおよび基板処理方法 - Google Patents
基板処理装置、基板処理システムおよび基板処理方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP2020004880A JP2020004880A JP2018123831A JP2018123831A JP2020004880A JP 2020004880 A JP2020004880 A JP 2020004880A JP 2018123831 A JP2018123831 A JP 2018123831A JP 2018123831 A JP2018123831 A JP 2018123831A JP 2020004880 A JP2020004880 A JP 2020004880A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- substrate
- unit
- wafer
- substrate processing
- space
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 280
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 190
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 title claims description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 177
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000007723 transport mechanism Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 15
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 132
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 51
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 36
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 14
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 11
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002452 interceptive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003028 elevating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/67—Apparatus specially adapted for handling semiconductor or electric solid state devices during manufacture or treatment thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for handling wafers during manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or electric solid state devices or components ; Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere
- H01L21/677—Apparatus specially adapted for handling semiconductor or electric solid state devices during manufacture or treatment thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for handling wafers during manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or electric solid state devices or components ; Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere for conveying, e.g. between different workstations
- H01L21/67739—Apparatus specially adapted for handling semiconductor or electric solid state devices during manufacture or treatment thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for handling wafers during manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or electric solid state devices or components ; Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere for conveying, e.g. between different workstations into and out of processing chamber
- H01L21/67748—Apparatus specially adapted for handling semiconductor or electric solid state devices during manufacture or treatment thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for handling wafers during manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or electric solid state devices or components ; Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere for conveying, e.g. between different workstations into and out of processing chamber horizontal transfer of a single workpiece
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/67—Apparatus specially adapted for handling semiconductor or electric solid state devices during manufacture or treatment thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for handling wafers during manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or electric solid state devices or components ; Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere
- H01L21/67005—Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere
- H01L21/67011—Apparatus for manufacture or treatment
- H01L21/67017—Apparatus for fluid treatment
- H01L21/67023—Apparatus for fluid treatment for general liquid treatment, e.g. etching followed by cleaning
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B1/00—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means
- B05B1/28—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means with integral means for shielding the discharged liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to limit area of spray; with integral means for catching drips or collecting surplus liquid or other fluent material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D3/00—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D3/04—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by exposure to gases
- B05D3/0486—Operating the coating or treatment in a controlled atmosphere
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/44—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating
- C23C16/4401—Means for minimising impurities, e.g. dust, moisture or residual gas, in the reaction chamber
- C23C16/4408—Means for minimising impurities, e.g. dust, moisture or residual gas, in the reaction chamber by purging residual gases from the reaction chamber or gas lines
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/44—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating
- C23C16/455—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating characterised by the method used for introducing gases into reaction chamber or for modifying gas flows in reaction chamber
- C23C16/45519—Inert gas curtains
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/44—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating
- C23C16/455—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating characterised by the method used for introducing gases into reaction chamber or for modifying gas flows in reaction chamber
- C23C16/45563—Gas nozzles
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/44—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating
- C23C16/455—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating characterised by the method used for introducing gases into reaction chamber or for modifying gas flows in reaction chamber
- C23C16/45563—Gas nozzles
- C23C16/45574—Nozzles for more than one gas
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
- F26B21/02—Circulating air or gases in closed cycles, e.g. wholly within the drying enclosure
- F26B21/022—Circulating air or gases in closed cycles, e.g. wholly within the drying enclosure with provisions for changing the drying gas flow pattern, e.g. by reversing gas flow, by moving the materials or objects through subsequent compartments, at least two of which have a different direction of gas flow
- F26B21/028—Circulating air or gases in closed cycles, e.g. wholly within the drying enclosure with provisions for changing the drying gas flow pattern, e.g. by reversing gas flow, by moving the materials or objects through subsequent compartments, at least two of which have a different direction of gas flow by air valves, movable baffles or nozzle arrangements
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02041—Cleaning
- H01L21/02043—Cleaning before device manufacture, i.e. Begin-Of-Line process
- H01L21/02052—Wet cleaning only
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02104—Forming layers
- H01L21/02107—Forming insulating materials on a substrate
- H01L21/02296—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the treatment performed before or after the formation of the layer
- H01L21/02299—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the treatment performed before or after the formation of the layer pre-treatment
- H01L21/02307—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the treatment performed before or after the formation of the layer pre-treatment treatment by exposure to a liquid
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02104—Forming layers
- H01L21/02107—Forming insulating materials on a substrate
- H01L21/02296—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the treatment performed before or after the formation of the layer
- H01L21/02299—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the treatment performed before or after the formation of the layer pre-treatment
- H01L21/02312—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the treatment performed before or after the formation of the layer pre-treatment treatment by exposure to a gas or vapour
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/67—Apparatus specially adapted for handling semiconductor or electric solid state devices during manufacture or treatment thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for handling wafers during manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or electric solid state devices or components ; Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere
- H01L21/67005—Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere
- H01L21/67011—Apparatus for manufacture or treatment
- H01L21/67017—Apparatus for fluid treatment
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/67—Apparatus specially adapted for handling semiconductor or electric solid state devices during manufacture or treatment thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for handling wafers during manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or electric solid state devices or components ; Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere
- H01L21/67005—Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere
- H01L21/67011—Apparatus for manufacture or treatment
- H01L21/67017—Apparatus for fluid treatment
- H01L21/67028—Apparatus for fluid treatment for cleaning followed by drying, rinsing, stripping, blasting or the like
- H01L21/6704—Apparatus for fluid treatment for cleaning followed by drying, rinsing, stripping, blasting or the like for wet cleaning or washing
- H01L21/67051—Apparatus for fluid treatment for cleaning followed by drying, rinsing, stripping, blasting or the like for wet cleaning or washing using mainly spraying means, e.g. nozzles
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/67—Apparatus specially adapted for handling semiconductor or electric solid state devices during manufacture or treatment thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for handling wafers during manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or electric solid state devices or components ; Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere
- H01L21/67005—Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere
- H01L21/67011—Apparatus for manufacture or treatment
- H01L21/6715—Apparatus for applying a liquid, a resin, an ink or the like
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/67—Apparatus specially adapted for handling semiconductor or electric solid state devices during manufacture or treatment thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for handling wafers during manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or electric solid state devices or components ; Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere
- H01L21/67005—Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere
- H01L21/67011—Apparatus for manufacture or treatment
- H01L21/67155—Apparatus for manufacturing or treating in a plurality of work-stations
- H01L21/67161—Apparatus for manufacturing or treating in a plurality of work-stations characterized by the layout of the process chambers
- H01L21/67173—Apparatus for manufacturing or treating in a plurality of work-stations characterized by the layout of the process chambers in-line arrangement
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/67—Apparatus specially adapted for handling semiconductor or electric solid state devices during manufacture or treatment thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for handling wafers during manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or electric solid state devices or components ; Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere
- H01L21/67005—Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere
- H01L21/67011—Apparatus for manufacture or treatment
- H01L21/67155—Apparatus for manufacturing or treating in a plurality of work-stations
- H01L21/6719—Apparatus for manufacturing or treating in a plurality of work-stations characterized by the construction of the processing chambers, e.g. modular processing chambers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/67—Apparatus specially adapted for handling semiconductor or electric solid state devices during manufacture or treatment thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for handling wafers during manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or electric solid state devices or components ; Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere
- H01L21/67005—Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere
- H01L21/67242—Apparatus for monitoring, sorting or marking
- H01L21/67259—Position monitoring, e.g. misposition detection or presence detection
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/67—Apparatus specially adapted for handling semiconductor or electric solid state devices during manufacture or treatment thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for handling wafers during manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or electric solid state devices or components ; Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere
- H01L21/673—Apparatus specially adapted for handling semiconductor or electric solid state devices during manufacture or treatment thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for handling wafers during manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or electric solid state devices or components ; Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere using specially adapted carriers or holders; Fixing the workpieces on such carriers or holders
- H01L21/67303—Vertical boat type carrier whereby the substrates are horizontally supported, e.g. comprising rod-shaped elements
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/67—Apparatus specially adapted for handling semiconductor or electric solid state devices during manufacture or treatment thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for handling wafers during manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or electric solid state devices or components ; Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere
- H01L21/677—Apparatus specially adapted for handling semiconductor or electric solid state devices during manufacture or treatment thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for handling wafers during manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or electric solid state devices or components ; Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere for conveying, e.g. between different workstations
- H01L21/67763—Apparatus specially adapted for handling semiconductor or electric solid state devices during manufacture or treatment thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for handling wafers during manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or electric solid state devices or components ; Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere for conveying, e.g. between different workstations the wafers being stored in a carrier, involving loading and unloading
- H01L21/67772—Apparatus specially adapted for handling semiconductor or electric solid state devices during manufacture or treatment thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for handling wafers during manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or electric solid state devices or components ; Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere for conveying, e.g. between different workstations the wafers being stored in a carrier, involving loading and unloading involving removal of lid, door, cover
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Cleaning Or Drying Semiconductors (AREA)
- Design And Manufacture Of Integrated Circuits (AREA)
Abstract
Description
最初に、図1を参照しながら、実施形態に係る基板処理システム1の概略構成について説明する。図1は、実施形態に係る基板処理システム1の概略構成を示す模式図である。以下では、位置関係を明確にするために、互いに直交するX軸、Y軸およびZ軸を規定し、Z軸正方向を鉛直上向き方向とする。
次に、処理ユニット16の概要について、図2〜図4を参照しながら説明する。図2は、実施形態に係る処理ユニット16の構成を示す上面図であり、図3は、図2におけるA−A線断面図であり、図4は、図2におけるB−B線断面図である。なお、理解の容易のため、図3および図4ではウェハWが搬入された状態を示すとともに、図4ではLM(Linear Motion)ガイド53の図示を省略している。
つづいて、図6A〜図6Hを参照しながら、実施形態に係る液処理の詳細について説明する。図6A〜図6Hは、実施形態に係る液処理の一工程を示す模式図(1)〜(8)である。
つづいて、図7および図8を参照しながら、実施形態に係る液処理の詳細について説明する。図7は、実施形態に係る液処理全体の処理手順を示すフローチャートである。
1 基板処理システム
15 搬送部(共通搬送路の一例)
16 処理ユニット(基板処理装置の一例)
17 基板搬送装置(搬送機構の一例)
20 筐体
21 搬入出口
30 基板処理部
31 基板保持部
32 支柱部
33 液受けカップ
34 回収カップ
40 隔壁部
41 天板部
41a 貫通孔
41b 凸部
42 側壁部
43 隙間埋め部
44 第1ガス供給部
45 第2ガス供給部
50 液供給部
51 処理液ノズル
60 スキャン天板
A1 第1空間
A2 第2空間
Claims (14)
- 基板に液処理を施す基板処理部と、
前記基板が搬入される搬入出口から前記基板処理部までの第1空間と、前記第1空間以外の第2空間との間を仕切る隔壁部と、
前記隔壁部に接続され、前記第1空間に雰囲気を調整する雰囲気調整ガスを供給する第1ガス供給部と、
前記隔壁部における前記第1ガス供給部とは異なる箇所に接続され、前記第1空間に前記雰囲気調整ガスを供給する第2ガス供給部と、
を備える基板処理装置。 - 前記第1ガス供給部および前記第2ガス供給部は、前記隔壁部における前記基板と向かい合う位置に接続される請求項1に記載の基板処理装置。
- 前記隔壁部は、前記基板の上方を覆う天板部と、前記基板の側方を囲む側壁部とを有し、
前記第1ガス供給部および前記第2ガス供給部は、前記天板部に接続される請求項2に記載の基板処理装置。 - 前記第1ガス供給部は、前記基板の中心部上方の前記天板部に接続され、前記第2ガス供給部は、前記基板の外周部上方の前記天板部に接続される請求項3に記載の基板処理装置。
- 前記基板に処理液を吐出する処理液ノズルを有する液供給部をさらに備え、
前記天板部には、前記処理液ノズルを挿通する貫通孔が形成される請求項3または4に記載の基板処理装置。 - 前記第1ガス供給部は、前記貫通孔の内壁に接続される請求項5に記載の基板処理装置。
- 前記貫通孔は、前記基板の中心部に向かい合う位置から前記基板の外周部に向かい合う位置に延びるスリット状である請求項5または6に記載の基板処理装置。
- スリット状の前記貫通孔を覆うように配置され、前記処理液ノズルと同期して前記基板上でスキャンされるスキャン天板をさらに備える請求項7に記載の基板処理装置。
- 前記天板部と前記スキャン天板との間の隙間は、ラビリンス構造を有する請求項8に記載の基板処理装置。
- 前記基板処理部と、前記隔壁部と、前記液供給部とを収容する筐体をさらに備え、
前記筐体内の前記第2空間は、大気雰囲気である請求項5〜9のいずれか一つに記載の基板処理装置。 - 前記第1ガス供給部から供給される前記雰囲気調整ガスの流量は、前記第2ガス供給部から供給される前記雰囲気調整ガスの流量より多い請求項1〜10のいずれか一つに記載の基板処理装置。
- 請求項1〜11のいずれか一つに記載の基板処理装置が複数配置され、
複数の前記基板処理装置に隣接し、それぞれの前記基板処理装置に前記基板を搬送する搬送機構が設けられる共通搬送路を備える基板処理システム。 - 雰囲気を調整する雰囲気調整ガスを前記共通搬送路に供給する第3ガス供給部をさらに備える請求項12に記載の基板処理システム。
- 基板が搬入される搬入出口から前記基板に液処理を施す基板処理部までの第1空間に2つのガス供給部から雰囲気を調整する雰囲気調整ガスを供給する工程と、
前記第1空間に前記基板を搬入する工程と、
前記基板を前記基板処理部に載置する工程と、
隔壁部により前記第1空間から仕切られた第2空間に配置される液供給部を用いて前記基板を液処理する工程と、
を含む基板処理方法。
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2018123831A JP7166089B2 (ja) | 2018-06-29 | 2018-06-29 | 基板処理装置、基板処理システムおよび基板処理方法 |
TW108121879A TWI809131B (zh) | 2018-06-29 | 2019-06-24 | 基板處理裝置、基板處理系統及基板處理方法 |
US16/452,895 US11373883B2 (en) | 2018-06-29 | 2019-06-26 | Substrate processing apparatus, substrate processing system and substrate processing method |
CN201910559880.9A CN110660701B (zh) | 2018-06-29 | 2019-06-26 | 基片处理装置、基片处理系统和基片处理方法 |
KR1020190077367A KR20200002666A (ko) | 2018-06-29 | 2019-06-27 | 기판 처리 장치, 기판 처리 시스템 및 기판 처리 방법 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2018123831A JP7166089B2 (ja) | 2018-06-29 | 2018-06-29 | 基板処理装置、基板処理システムおよび基板処理方法 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JP2020004880A true JP2020004880A (ja) | 2020-01-09 |
JP7166089B2 JP7166089B2 (ja) | 2022-11-07 |
Family
ID=69028677
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2018123831A Active JP7166089B2 (ja) | 2018-06-29 | 2018-06-29 | 基板処理装置、基板処理システムおよび基板処理方法 |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US11373883B2 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP7166089B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR20200002666A (ja) |
CN (1) | CN110660701B (ja) |
TW (1) | TWI809131B (ja) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP7166089B2 (ja) * | 2018-06-29 | 2022-11-07 | 東京エレクトロン株式会社 | 基板処理装置、基板処理システムおよび基板処理方法 |
Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2001237179A (ja) * | 1999-12-17 | 2001-08-31 | Tokyo Electron Ltd | 塗布膜形成装置 |
JP2003031538A (ja) * | 2001-07-16 | 2003-01-31 | Tokyo Electron Ltd | 基板処理装置及び基板処理方法 |
JP2003224100A (ja) * | 2002-01-30 | 2003-08-08 | Tokyo Electron Ltd | 基板処理装置及び基板処理方法 |
JP2003282514A (ja) * | 2002-03-25 | 2003-10-03 | Tokyo Electron Ltd | 基板処理装置及び基板処理方法 |
JP2006041444A (ja) * | 2004-07-30 | 2006-02-09 | Dainippon Screen Mfg Co Ltd | 基板処理装置 |
JP2016149459A (ja) * | 2015-02-12 | 2016-08-18 | 株式会社Screenホールディングス | 基板処理装置および基板処理方法 |
Family Cites Families (67)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5472502A (en) * | 1993-08-30 | 1995-12-05 | Semiconductor Systems, Inc. | Apparatus and method for spin coating wafers and the like |
TW324834B (en) * | 1996-02-01 | 1998-01-11 | Tokyo Electron Co Ltd | Method for forming membrane |
US6248398B1 (en) * | 1996-05-22 | 2001-06-19 | Applied Materials, Inc. | Coater having a controllable pressurized process chamber for semiconductor processing |
US5989462A (en) * | 1997-07-31 | 1999-11-23 | Q2100, Inc. | Method and composition for producing ultraviolent blocking lenses |
KR20000002834A (ko) * | 1998-06-23 | 2000-01-15 | 윤종용 | 에어커튼이 형성되는 반도체 제조용 확산설비 및 이를 제어하는방법 |
US6676757B2 (en) * | 1999-12-17 | 2004-01-13 | Tokyo Electron Limited | Coating film forming apparatus and coating unit |
SG106599A1 (en) * | 2000-02-01 | 2004-10-29 | Tokyo Electron Ltd | Substrate processing apparatus and substrate processing method |
JP2001319845A (ja) | 2000-05-02 | 2001-11-16 | Tokyo Electron Ltd | 塗布現像処理システム |
JP3792986B2 (ja) * | 2000-04-11 | 2006-07-05 | 東京エレクトロン株式会社 | 膜形成方法及び膜形成装置 |
TW594835B (en) * | 2000-05-09 | 2004-06-21 | Tokyo Electron Ltd | System for coating and developing |
TW477882B (en) * | 2000-07-03 | 2002-03-01 | Tokyo Electron Ltd | Processing apparatus with sealing mechanism |
CN1317423C (zh) * | 2000-11-14 | 2007-05-23 | 积水化学工业株式会社 | 常压等离子体处理方法及其装置 |
JP3967618B2 (ja) * | 2001-04-17 | 2007-08-29 | 東京エレクトロン株式会社 | 基板の処理方法及び基板の処理システム |
JP3898906B2 (ja) * | 2001-05-22 | 2007-03-28 | 東京エレクトロン株式会社 | 基板の塗布装置 |
US7171973B2 (en) * | 2001-07-16 | 2007-02-06 | Tokyo Electron Limited | Substrate processing apparatus |
JP3958539B2 (ja) * | 2001-08-02 | 2007-08-15 | 東京エレクトロン株式会社 | 基板処理装置及び基板処理方法 |
KR100814452B1 (ko) * | 2001-10-03 | 2008-03-17 | 에이에스엠엘 유에스, 인코포레이티드 | 표면에 가까운 액체 분배 젯트 사이의 상호 오염을 줄이기 위한 방법과 장치 |
JP4018958B2 (ja) * | 2001-10-30 | 2007-12-05 | 大日本スクリーン製造株式会社 | 基板処理装置 |
TWI261875B (en) * | 2002-01-30 | 2006-09-11 | Tokyo Electron Ltd | Processing apparatus and substrate processing method |
JP4005879B2 (ja) * | 2002-08-30 | 2007-11-14 | 株式会社東芝 | 現像方法、基板処理方法、及び基板処理装置 |
US7128570B2 (en) * | 2004-01-21 | 2006-10-31 | Asm International N.V. | Method and apparatus for purging seals in a thermal reactor |
JP2005214709A (ja) * | 2004-01-28 | 2005-08-11 | Tdk Corp | 電子線照射装置、電子線照射方法、ディスク状体の製造装置及びディスク状体の製造方法 |
US8544483B2 (en) * | 2005-04-01 | 2013-10-01 | Tel Fsi, Inc. | Barrier structure and nozzle device for use in tools used to process microelectronic workpieces with one or more treatment fluids |
JP2007142366A (ja) * | 2005-10-18 | 2007-06-07 | Canon Inc | 露光装置及びデバイス製造方法 |
JP4760516B2 (ja) * | 2005-12-15 | 2011-08-31 | 東京エレクトロン株式会社 | 塗布装置及び塗布方法 |
KR20080039412A (ko) * | 2006-06-26 | 2008-05-07 | 도쿄엘렉트론가부시키가이샤 | 기판 처리 방법 및 기판 처리 장치 |
US20080029123A1 (en) * | 2006-08-02 | 2008-02-07 | Brian Aegerter | Sonic and chemical wafer processor |
KR100816740B1 (ko) * | 2006-08-30 | 2008-03-27 | 세메스 주식회사 | 기판 처리 장치 및 방법 |
JP4841451B2 (ja) * | 2007-01-31 | 2011-12-21 | 大日本スクリーン製造株式会社 | 基板処理装置および基板処理方法 |
US20090236447A1 (en) * | 2008-03-21 | 2009-09-24 | Applied Materials, Inc. | Method and apparatus for controlling gas injection in process chamber |
KR101205460B1 (ko) * | 2008-06-05 | 2012-11-29 | 도쿄엘렉트론가부시키가이샤 | 액처리 장치 및 액처리 방법 |
KR101065557B1 (ko) * | 2008-10-29 | 2011-09-19 | 다이닛뽕스크린 세이조오 가부시키가이샤 | 기판처리장치 |
CN102150234B (zh) * | 2008-11-05 | 2014-11-05 | 株式会社东芝 | 成膜装置、成膜方法和半导体装置 |
NL2004177C2 (en) * | 2010-02-01 | 2011-08-03 | Levitech B V | Dynamic fluid valve and method for establishing the same. |
JP5067432B2 (ja) * | 2010-02-15 | 2012-11-07 | 東京エレクトロン株式会社 | 塗布、現像装置、現像方法及び記憶媒体 |
US8501025B2 (en) * | 2010-03-31 | 2013-08-06 | Dainippon Screen Mfg. Co., Ltd. | Substrate treatment apparatus and substrate treatment method |
KR101590661B1 (ko) * | 2010-09-13 | 2016-02-01 | 도쿄엘렉트론가부시키가이샤 | 액처리 장치, 액처리 방법 및 기억 매체 |
JP5306300B2 (ja) * | 2010-09-15 | 2013-10-02 | 株式会社東芝 | 成膜装置及び成膜方法 |
JP5472169B2 (ja) * | 2011-03-16 | 2014-04-16 | 東京エレクトロン株式会社 | 液処理装置、液処理方法および記憶媒体 |
US9212422B2 (en) * | 2011-08-31 | 2015-12-15 | Alta Devices, Inc. | CVD reactor with gas flow virtual walls |
JP5666414B2 (ja) * | 2011-10-27 | 2015-02-12 | 東京エレクトロン株式会社 | 液処理装置、液処理方法および記憶媒体 |
JP2013112846A (ja) * | 2011-11-28 | 2013-06-10 | Tokyo Electron Ltd | めっき処理装置、めっき処理方法および記憶媒体 |
JP5996381B2 (ja) * | 2011-12-28 | 2016-09-21 | 東京エレクトロン株式会社 | 基板処理装置および基板処理方法 |
TWI516739B (zh) * | 2012-02-07 | 2016-01-11 | 三菱麗陽股份有限公司 | 橫式熱處理裝置 |
JP5980704B2 (ja) * | 2013-03-15 | 2016-08-31 | 東京エレクトロン株式会社 | 基板処理方法および基板処理装置 |
NL2010471C2 (en) * | 2013-03-18 | 2014-09-24 | Levitech B V | Substrate processing apparatus. |
JP6281161B2 (ja) * | 2013-09-27 | 2018-02-21 | 東京エレクトロン株式会社 | 液処理装置 |
WO2015081072A1 (en) * | 2013-11-26 | 2015-06-04 | Applied Materials Israel, Ltd. | System and method for forming a sealed chamber |
JP5762602B1 (ja) * | 2014-06-24 | 2015-08-12 | 株式会社日立国際電気 | 基板処理装置、半導体装置の製造方法及びプログラム |
JP6438748B2 (ja) * | 2014-11-28 | 2018-12-19 | 株式会社Screenホールディングス | 塗布方法および塗布装置 |
TWI661479B (zh) * | 2015-02-12 | 2019-06-01 | 日商思可林集團股份有限公司 | 基板處理裝置、基板處理系統以及基板處理方法 |
US10332761B2 (en) * | 2015-02-18 | 2019-06-25 | SCREEN Holdings Co., Ltd. | Substrate processing apparatus |
US10730059B2 (en) * | 2015-03-05 | 2020-08-04 | SCREEN Holdings Co., Ltd. | Substrate processing method and substrate processing apparatus |
CN106252258B (zh) * | 2015-06-15 | 2018-12-07 | 株式会社思可林集团 | 基板处理装置 |
TWI622091B (zh) * | 2015-06-18 | 2018-04-21 | 思可林集團股份有限公司 | 基板處理裝置 |
TWI611043B (zh) * | 2015-08-04 | 2018-01-11 | Hitachi Int Electric Inc | 基板處理裝置、半導體裝置之製造方法及記錄媒體 |
US9968970B2 (en) * | 2015-12-04 | 2018-05-15 | Lam Research Ag | Spin chuck with in situ cleaning capability |
US10249521B2 (en) * | 2016-03-17 | 2019-04-02 | Lam Research Ag | Wet-dry integrated wafer processing system |
CN107437516B (zh) * | 2016-05-25 | 2021-07-13 | 株式会社斯库林集团 | 基板处理装置及基板处理方法 |
KR101796294B1 (ko) * | 2016-06-17 | 2017-11-15 | 주식회사 테라세미콘 | 기판처리 장치 |
JP6781031B2 (ja) * | 2016-12-08 | 2020-11-04 | 東京エレクトロン株式会社 | 基板処理方法及び熱処理装置 |
JP6842391B2 (ja) * | 2017-09-07 | 2021-03-17 | キオクシア株式会社 | 半導体製造装置および半導体装置の製造方法 |
JP6993885B2 (ja) * | 2018-01-15 | 2022-01-14 | 株式会社Screenホールディングス | 基板処理方法および基板処理装置 |
JP7213624B2 (ja) * | 2018-05-01 | 2023-01-27 | 東京エレクトロン株式会社 | 基板処理装置、基板処理システムおよび基板処理方法 |
JP7090468B2 (ja) * | 2018-05-15 | 2022-06-24 | 東京エレクトロン株式会社 | 基板処理装置および基板処理方法 |
JP7166089B2 (ja) * | 2018-06-29 | 2022-11-07 | 東京エレクトロン株式会社 | 基板処理装置、基板処理システムおよび基板処理方法 |
JP7197376B2 (ja) * | 2019-01-17 | 2022-12-27 | 東京エレクトロン株式会社 | 基板処理方法及び基板処理装置 |
-
2018
- 2018-06-29 JP JP2018123831A patent/JP7166089B2/ja active Active
-
2019
- 2019-06-24 TW TW108121879A patent/TWI809131B/zh active
- 2019-06-26 US US16/452,895 patent/US11373883B2/en active Active
- 2019-06-26 CN CN201910559880.9A patent/CN110660701B/zh active Active
- 2019-06-27 KR KR1020190077367A patent/KR20200002666A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2001237179A (ja) * | 1999-12-17 | 2001-08-31 | Tokyo Electron Ltd | 塗布膜形成装置 |
JP2003031538A (ja) * | 2001-07-16 | 2003-01-31 | Tokyo Electron Ltd | 基板処理装置及び基板処理方法 |
JP2003224100A (ja) * | 2002-01-30 | 2003-08-08 | Tokyo Electron Ltd | 基板処理装置及び基板処理方法 |
JP2003282514A (ja) * | 2002-03-25 | 2003-10-03 | Tokyo Electron Ltd | 基板処理装置及び基板処理方法 |
JP2006041444A (ja) * | 2004-07-30 | 2006-02-09 | Dainippon Screen Mfg Co Ltd | 基板処理装置 |
JP2016149459A (ja) * | 2015-02-12 | 2016-08-18 | 株式会社Screenホールディングス | 基板処理装置および基板処理方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN110660701A (zh) | 2020-01-07 |
US11373883B2 (en) | 2022-06-28 |
TW202006862A (zh) | 2020-02-01 |
TWI809131B (zh) | 2023-07-21 |
KR20200002666A (ko) | 2020-01-08 |
CN110660701B (zh) | 2024-03-22 |
JP7166089B2 (ja) | 2022-11-07 |
US20200006092A1 (en) | 2020-01-02 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US9305767B2 (en) | Liquid processing apparatus, liquid processing method and storage medium | |
KR101970844B1 (ko) | 액 처리 장치 | |
KR102294642B1 (ko) | 액 처리 장치 | |
US11342201B2 (en) | Substrate processing apparatus | |
JP7166089B2 (ja) | 基板処理装置、基板処理システムおよび基板処理方法 | |
JP5726637B2 (ja) | 液処理装置、液処理方法 | |
JP2015035584A (ja) | 熱処理装置及び成膜システム | |
KR20210052794A (ko) | 기판 처리 장치 | |
JP7213624B2 (ja) | 基板処理装置、基板処理システムおよび基板処理方法 | |
JP7090468B2 (ja) | 基板処理装置および基板処理方法 | |
JP6917807B2 (ja) | 基板処理方法 | |
JP5726636B2 (ja) | 液処理装置、液処理方法 | |
JP6184890B2 (ja) | 基板液処理装置、基板液処理方法及び記憶媒体 | |
JP7080331B2 (ja) | 基板処理方法および基板処理装置 | |
JP2020017618A (ja) | 基板処理装置および基板処理方法 | |
TWI840352B (zh) | 基板處理裝置、基板處理系統及基板處理方法 | |
JP2020043156A (ja) | 基板処理装置および基板処理方法 | |
JPWO2019012978A1 (ja) | 基板搬送装置および基板搬送方法 | |
JP2021077702A (ja) | 基板処理方法および基板処理装置 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
A621 | Written request for application examination |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A621 Effective date: 20210413 |
|
A977 | Report on retrieval |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A971007 Effective date: 20220210 |
|
A131 | Notification of reasons for refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131 Effective date: 20220329 |
|
A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20220526 |
|
TRDD | Decision of grant or rejection written | ||
A01 | Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01 Effective date: 20220927 |
|
A61 | First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61 Effective date: 20221025 |
|
R150 | Certificate of patent or registration of utility model |
Ref document number: 7166089 Country of ref document: JP Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150 |