JP2019197792A - 炭化珪素半導体装置、電力変換装置、および炭化珪素半導体装置の製造方法 - Google Patents
炭化珪素半導体装置、電力変換装置、および炭化珪素半導体装置の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2019197792A JP2019197792A JP2018090470A JP2018090470A JP2019197792A JP 2019197792 A JP2019197792 A JP 2019197792A JP 2018090470 A JP2018090470 A JP 2018090470A JP 2018090470 A JP2018090470 A JP 2018090470A JP 2019197792 A JP2019197792 A JP 2019197792A
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Abstract
Description
(構成)
図1は、本実施の形態1におけるMOSFET101(炭化珪素半導体装置)の構成を概略的に示す部分断面図である。MOSFET101は、SiC基板11(炭化珪素基板)と、SiC基板11の一方面(図中、上面)上に設けられたエピタキシャル層10(半導体層)と、ゲート絶縁膜21と、ゲート電極22と、層間絶縁膜23と、ソース電極24と、ドレイン電極25とを有している。エピタキシャル層10は、ドリフト層12と、ウェル領域13と、ソース領域14と、ウェルコンタクト領域15と、電界緩和領域16と、サージ緩和領域17とを含む。エピタキシャル層10はSiCからなることが好ましい。
次にMOSFET101の動作について、以下に説明する。
次に、MOSFET101の製造方法について、図2〜図6を参照しつつ説明する。なお下記の製造方法は一例であり、特にその順番は、支障をきたさない範囲で変更されてよい。また、MOSFET101の活性領域のみについて説明し、終端構造については説明を省略する。終端構造は、所望の耐圧が確保できるように公知の技術で適切に設計されてよい。
上記図4において説明した、ゲートトレンチ31、電界緩和領域16およびサージ緩和領域17の形成工程の変形例について、図7〜図9を参照して、以下に説明する。
図10は、MOSFET101(図1)の変形例のMOSFET102を示す部分断面図である。
本実施の形態のMOSFET101(図1)によれば、ゲートトレンチ31の底部の少なくとも一部に接するサージ緩和領域17が設けられる。これにより、電界緩和領域16の急峻な電圧変動に起因しての高電界がゲートトレンチ31の上記少なくとも一部に印加されることが避けられる。よって、ゲート絶縁膜21の絶縁破壊を抑制することができる。
図11は、本実施の形態2におけるMOSFET103(炭化珪素半導体装置)の構成を概略的に示す図であり、図12の線XI−XIに沿う部分断面図である。図12は、図11の線XII−XIIに沿う部分断面図である。なお、図11においては、ソース電極24の図示が省略されている。
本実施の形態によれば、ソース電極24は、ソーストレンチ32を通ってサージ緩和領域17に接している。これにより、サージ発生時に、サージ緩和領域17における変位電流の経路がソース電極24へ効率的に接続される。よって、ゲート絶縁膜21に印加される電界をより抑制することができる。よって、ゲート絶縁膜21の絶縁破壊をより抑制することができる。
(構成)
図13は、本実施の形態3におけるMOSFET104(炭化珪素半導体装置)の構成を概略的に示す図であり、図14および図15の各々の線XIII−XIIIに沿う部分断面図である。図14および図15のそれぞれは、図13の線XIV−XIVおよび線XV−XVに沿う部分断面図である。
本実施の形態によれば、サージ発生時に、側壁ソース領域52により、サージ緩和領域17における変位電流の経路がソース領域14へ効率的に接続される。これにより、ゲート絶縁膜21に印加される電界をより抑制することができる。よって、ゲート絶縁膜21の絶縁破壊をより抑制することができる。
次に、MOSFET104の製造方法について、図16〜図19を参照して説明する。なお、以下で説明する工程の前段階は、図2および図3(実施の形態1)と類似しているため、説明を省略する。
図20は、図18および図19の工程の変形例を概略的に示す部分断面図である。この工程においては、ゲートトレンチ31の側部へp型不純物を回転イオン注入によって添加することによって、側壁ウェル領域51が形成される。回転イオン注入とは、図示されているように、SiC基板11の回転を伴う斜めイオン注入のことである。なおSiC基板11が回転される代わりに、注入方向の面内成分が回転されてもよい。
図21は、MOSFET105(図15)の変形例のMOSFET105Vを示す部分断面図である。MOSFET105Vにおいては、側壁ウェル領域51および側壁ソース領域52が、ゲートトレンチ31の一方側面(図中、左側面)にのみ設けられており、他方側面(図中、右側面)には設けられていない。本変形例によれば、ゲートトレンチ31の他方側面にMOSFETのチャネルを形成することができる。よってMOSFETのオン抵抗を低減することができる。なお、側壁ウェル領域51および側壁ソース領域52を有する部分の平面レイアウトは、所望の短絡耐量およびオン抵抗を実現するように設計されてよい。
図22は、本実施の形態4におけるMOSFET106(炭化珪素半導体装置)の構成を概略的に示す部分断面図である。MOSFET106においては、電界緩和領域16は、ゲートトレンチ31に接する接触部分16aと、接触部分16aによってゲートトレンチ31から隔てられた離隔部分16bとを有している。接触部分16aの不純物濃度は離隔部分16bの不純物濃度よりも低い。例えば、接触部分16aの不純物濃度は1×1015cm−3〜1×1020cm−3であり、離隔部分16bの不純物濃度は1×1016cm−3〜1×1021cm−3である。なお、不純物濃度は接触部分16aと離隔部分16bとの間で不連続に変化してよい。あるいは、不純物濃度は接触部分16aと離隔部分16bとの間で、連続的に(徐々に)変化してよい。
本実施の形態5は、上述した実施の形態1〜4またはその変形例の炭化珪素半導体装置(MOSFET101〜106、105V)が電力変換装置に適用されたものである。本発明は特定の電力変換装置に限定されるものではないが、本実施の形態5として、三相のインバータに本発明を適用した場合について、以下に説明する。
Claims (10)
- 炭化珪素基板と、
前記炭化珪素基板上に設けられた半導体層と、
を備え、前記半導体層は、
第1導電型を有し、前記炭化珪素基板上に設けられたドリフト層と、
前記第1導電型と異なる第2導電型を有し、前記ドリフト層上に設けられたウェル領域と、
前記第1導電型を有し、前記ウェル領域上に設けられたソース領域と、
前記ウェル領域よりも深く位置する底部と前記底部につながれた側部とを有する内面が設けられたゲートトレンチと、
前記第2導電型を有し、少なくとも前記ゲートトレンチの前記底部の下方に位置する部分を有する電界緩和領域と、
前記第1導電型を有し、前記ゲートトレンチの前記底部の少なくとも一部に接し、前記電界緩和領域によって前記ドリフト層から隔てられたサージ緩和領域と、
を含む、炭化珪素半導体装置。 - 前記第1導電型はn型であり、前記第2導電型はp型である、請求項1に記載の炭化珪素半導体装置。
- 前記ソース領域に接続されたソース電極をさらに備え、
前記半導体層は、前記サージ緩和領域に達するソーストレンチを有しており、前記ソース電極は、前記ソーストレンチを通って前記サージ緩和領域に接している、請求項1または2に記載の炭化珪素半導体装置。 - 前記ソーストレンチは前記電界緩和領域に達しており、前記ソース電極は、前記ソーストレンチを通って前記電界緩和領域に接している、請求項3に記載の炭化珪素半導体装置。
- 前記半導体層は、前記第1導電型を有し、前記ゲートトレンチの前記内面に沿って配置され、前記サージ緩和領域を前記ソース領域に接続する第1接続領域を含む、請求項1から4のいずれか1項に記載の炭化珪素半導体装置。
- 前記半導体層は、前記第2導電型を有し、前記電界緩和領域を前記ウェル領域に接続する第2接続領域を含み、
前記第1接続領域は前記第2接続領域によって前記ドリフト層から隔てられている、請求項5に記載の炭化珪素半導体装置。 - 前記電界緩和領域は、前記ゲートトレンチに接する接触部分と、前記接触部分によって前記ゲートトレンチから隔てられた離隔部分とを有しており、前記接触部分の不純物濃度は前記離隔部分の不純物濃度よりも低い、請求項1から6のいずれか1項に記載の炭化珪素半導体装置。
- 請求項1から7のいずれか1項に記載の炭化珪素半導体装置を有し、入力される電力を変換して出力する主変換回路と、
前記炭化珪素半導体装置を駆動する駆動信号を前記炭化珪素半導体装置に出力する駆動回路と、
前記駆動回路を制御する制御信号を前記駆動回路に出力する制御回路と、
を備える、電力変換装置。 - 炭化珪素基板と、前記炭化珪素基板上に設けられ、第1導電型を有するドリフト層を有する半導体層とを準備する工程と、
前記ドリフト層をエッチングすることによって予備トレンチを形成する工程と、
前記予備トレンチの底部へ前記第1導電型と異なる第2導電型の不純物を注入することによって電界緩和領域を形成する工程と、
前記予備トレンチの底部をエッチングすることによって、前記予備トレンチよりも深いゲートトレンチを形成する工程と、
前記ゲートトレンチの底部へ前記第1導電型の不純物を注入することによって、前記ゲートトレンチの前記底部の少なくとも一部に接し、前記電界緩和領域によって前記ドリフト層から隔てられたサージ緩和領域を形成する工程と、
を備える、炭化珪素半導体装置の製造方法。 - 炭化珪素基板と前記炭化珪素基板上に設けられた半導体層とを含む炭化珪素半導体装置の製造方法であって、前記半導体層は、ドリフト層とウェル領域とソース領域とゲートトレンチと電界緩和領域とサージ緩和領域と第1接続領域と第2接続領域とを含み、前記ドリフト層は第1導電型を有しており前記炭化珪素基板上に設けられており、前記ウェル領域は前記第1導電型と異なる第2導電型を有しており前記ドリフト層上に設けられており、前記ソース領域は前記第1導電型を有しており前記ウェル領域上に設けられており、前記ゲートトレンチには、前記ウェル領域よりも深く位置する底部と前記底部につながれた側部とを有する内面が設けられており、前記電界緩和領域は、前記第2導電型を有しており、少なくとも前記ゲートトレンチの前記底部の下方に位置する部分を有しており、前記サージ緩和領域は前記第1導電型を有しており前記ゲートトレンチの前記底部の少なくとも一部に接しており前記電界緩和領域によって前記ドリフト層から隔てられており、前記第1接続領域は前記第1導電型を有しており前記ゲートトレンチの前記内面に沿って配置されており前記サージ緩和領域を前記ソース領域に接続しており、前記第2接続領域は前記第2導電型を有しており前記電界緩和領域を前記ウェル領域に接続しており、前記第1接続領域は前記第2接続領域によって前記ドリフト層から隔てられており、
前記半導体層をエッチングすることによって前記ゲートトレンチを形成する工程と、
前記ゲートトレンチの前記側部へ前記第1導電型の不純物を斜めイオン注入によって添加することによって前記第1接続領域を形成する工程と、
前記ゲートトレンチの前記側部へ前記第2導電型の不純物を回転イオン注入によって添加することによって前記第2接続領域を形成する工程と、
を備える、炭化珪素半導体装置の製造方法。
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US20190348524A1 (en) | 2019-11-14 |
CN110473903A (zh) | 2019-11-19 |
DE102019206090A1 (de) | 2019-11-14 |
JP7068916B2 (ja) | 2022-05-17 |
CN110473903B (zh) | 2023-07-25 |
US20220254904A1 (en) | 2022-08-11 |
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