JP2018138993A - 表示装置 - Google Patents
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- JP2018138993A JP2018138993A JP2018023734A JP2018023734A JP2018138993A JP 2018138993 A JP2018138993 A JP 2018138993A JP 2018023734 A JP2018023734 A JP 2018023734A JP 2018023734 A JP2018023734 A JP 2018023734A JP 2018138993 A JP2018138993 A JP 2018138993A
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Abstract
Description
本実施の形態では、本発明の一態様の表示装置について説明する。
図1(A)に、本発明の一態様の表示装置10のブロック図を示している。表示装置10は、表示部17と、ゲートドライバ12aと、ゲートドライバ12bと、ソースドライバ13aと、ソースドライバ13bと、を有する。表示部17には、複数の画素11がm行n列のマトリクス状に設けられる。mおよびnは、それぞれ2以上の整数である。なお、本明細書等において、i行j列目の画素11を画素11(i,j)と記載する。iは2以上m以下の整数である。jは2以上n以下の整数である。なお、ゲートドライバおよびソースドライバの一方または双方を「駆動回路」という場合がある。
以下では、図5に示す表示装置10の表示部17に配置される画素の平面構成例について説明する。
以下では、図5に示す表示装置10の表示部17に配置される画素の断面構成の一例について説明する。
図12に、図11(A)中の切断線A1−A2に対応する断面の一例を示す。ここでは、表示素子として透過型の液晶素子20を適用した場合の例を示している。図12において、基板15側が表示面側となる。
図13に、図11(A)中の切断線B1−B2に対応する断面の一例を示す。図13に示すトランジスタ30は、ゲートとしての機能を有する導電層31と、ゲート絶縁層としての機能を有する絶縁層34と、半導体層32と、ソースおよびドレインとしての機能を有する一対の導電層33aおよび導電層51と、を有する。半導体層32の、導電層31と重畳する部分は、チャネル形成領域としての機能を有する。
図14に、図13に示す構成の変形例を示す。図14では、着色層41を基板14側に設けた場合の例を示している。これにより、基板15側の構成を簡略化することができる。
図15に、図14に示す構成の変形例を示す。図15では、導電層52、導電層53、導電層54、開口部72、および開口部73を省略した場合の例を示している。この場合、導電層51と導電層33cは、導電層21と同一のレイヤーに形成された導電層55を介して電気的に接続されている。具体的には、開口部71において導電層51と導電層55が電気的に接続され、開口部74において導電層33cと導電層55が電気的に接続されている。図15に示す構成であっても、導電層51と導電層33bが短絡することを抑制することができる。
図16に、図15に示す構成の変形例を示す。図16では、導電層55に換えて導電層55aを設けている。導電層55aは、導電層31および導電層31aと同一のレイヤーで形成されている。導電層51と導電層55aは、絶縁層34に設けられた開口部71において電気的に接続されている。また、導電層33cと導電層55aは、絶縁層34に設けられた開口部74において電気的に接続されている。
図17および図18に、トランジスタ30としてトップゲート型のトランジスタを用いた場合の構成例を示す。図17は、図11(A)に相当する平面図である。図18は、図17中の切断線C1−C2に対応する断面の一例である。また、図18に示す断面は、図15に示す断面に相当する。
以下では、上記に示す各構成要素について説明する。
表示パネルが有する基板には、平坦面を有する材料を用いることができる。表示素子からの光を取り出す基板には、該光を透過する材料を用いる。例えば、ガラス、石英、セラミック、サファイヤ、有機樹脂等の材料を用いることができる。
トランジスタは、ゲートとしての機能を有する導電層と、半導体層と、ソースとしての機能を有する導電層と、ドレインとしての機能を有する導電層と、ゲート絶縁層としての機能を有する絶縁層と、を有する。
トランジスタに用いる半導体層の結晶性は特に限定されず、非晶質半導体、結晶性を有する半導体(微結晶半導体、多結晶半導体、単結晶半導体、または一部に結晶領域を有する半導体)のいずれを用いてもよい。結晶性を有する半導体を用いると、トランジスタ特性の劣化を抑制できるため好ましい。
トランジスタのゲート、ソースおよびドレインのほか、表示装置を構成する各種配線および電極等の導電層に用いることのできる材料としては、アルミニウム、チタン、クロム、ニッケル、銅、イットリウム、ジルコニウム、モリブデン、銀、タンタル、またはタングステン等の金属、またはこれを主成分とする合金等が挙げられる。またこれらの材料を含む膜を単層で、または積層構造として用いることができる。例えば、シリコンを含むアルミニウム膜の単層構造、チタン膜上にアルミニウム膜を積層する二層構造、タングステン膜上にアルミニウム膜を積層する二層構造、銅−マグネシウム−アルミニウム合金膜上に銅膜を積層する二層構造、チタン膜上に銅膜を積層する二層構造、タングステン膜上に銅膜を積層する二層構造、チタン膜または窒化チタン膜と、その上に重ねてアルミニウム膜または銅膜を積層し、さらにその上にチタン膜または窒化チタン膜を形成する三層構造、モリブデン膜または窒化モリブデン膜と、その上に重ねてアルミニウム膜または銅膜を積層し、さらにその上にモリブデン膜または窒化モリブデン膜を形成する三層構造等がある。なお、酸化インジウム、酸化錫または酸化亜鉛等の酸化物を用いてもよい。また、マンガンを含む銅を用いると、エッチングによる形状の制御性が高まるため好ましい。
各絶縁層に用いることのできる絶縁材料としては、例えば、アクリル、エポキシ等の樹脂、シロキサン結合を有する樹脂の他、酸化シリコン、酸化窒化シリコン、窒化酸化シリコン、窒化シリコン、酸化アルミニウム等の無機絶縁材料を用いることもできる。
本発明の一態様の表示装置は、様々な形態を用いること、または様々な表示素子を有することが出来る。表示素子は、例えば、LED(白色LED、赤色LED、緑色LED、青色LEDなど)などを含むEL(エレクトロルミネッセンス)素子(有機物および無機物を含むEL素子、有機EL素子、無機EL素子)、トランジスタ(電流に応じて発光するトランジスタ)、プラズマディスプレイパネル(PDP)、電子放出素子、液晶素子、電気泳動素子、グレーティングライトバルブ(GLV)やデジタルマイクロミラーデバイス(DMD)、DMS(デジタル・マイクロ・シャッター)素子、MIRASOL(登録商標)ディスプレイ、IMOD(インターフェロメトリック・モジュレーション)素子、圧電セラミックディスプレイなどのMEMS(マイクロ・エレクトロ・メカニカル・システム)を用いた表示素子、エレクトロウェッティング素子などが挙げられる。これらの他にも、電気的または磁気的作用により、コントラスト、輝度、反射率、透過率などが変化する表示媒体を有していても良い。また、表示素子として量子ドットを用いてもよい。
液晶素子としては、例えば垂直配向(VA:Vertical Alignment)モードが適用された液晶素子を用いることができる。垂直配向モードとしては、MVA(Multi−Domain Vertical Alignment)モード、PVA(Patterned Vertical Alignment)モード、ASV(Advanced Super View)モード等を用いることができる。
着色層に用いることのできる材料としては、金属材料、樹脂材料、顔料または染料が含まれた樹脂材料等が挙げられる。
遮光層として用いることのできる材料としては、カーボンブラック、チタンブラック、金属、金属酸化物、複数の金属酸化物の固溶体を含む複合酸化物等が挙げられる。遮光層は、樹脂材料を含む膜であってもよいし、金属等の無機材料の薄膜であってもよい。また、遮光層に、着色層の材料を含む膜の積層膜を用いることもできる。例えば、ある色の光を透過する着色層に用いる材料を含む膜と、他の色の光を透過する着色層に用いる材料を含む膜との積層構造を用いることができる。着色層と遮光層の材料を共通化することで、装置を共通化できるほか工程を簡略化できるため好ましい。
以下では、図13に示す構成の、画素11(i+3,j)等の作製方法例について説明する。
ゲート線やソース線等の配線に用いることのできる導電膜は、金属や合金等の低抵抗な材料を用いると、配線抵抗を低減することができるため好ましい。また、大画面の表示装置とする場合には、配線の幅を大きくすることも有効である。しかしながら、このような導電膜は可視光を透過しないため、透過型の液晶表示装置においては、配線自体の幅が大きくなることや、配線数の増加に伴い、開口率の低下を招く場合がある。
本実施の形態では、表示部17における配線SLと画素11の接続関係について説明する。一例として、表示素子として液晶素子を用いる場合について説明する。図23乃至図25、および図27乃至図29は、それぞれ表示部17の一部を示すブロック図である。また、図23乃至図25、および図27乃至図29は、画素11に供給される信号の極性を「+」と「−」の記号で示している。
一般に、液晶素子は、直流電圧を印加し続けると劣化しやすくなる傾向がある。このため、表示素子として液晶素子を用いた表示装置では、1フレーム毎に液晶素子に印加する信号の極性を反転させる駆動方式(「フレーム反転駆動」ともいう。)が用いられる。例えば、奇数フレームでは全ての画素に正極性の信号を供給し、偶数フレームでは全ての画素に負極性の信号を供給する。なお、極性の反転は1フレーム毎に限らず、用いる液晶素子によって、特定のフレーム数毎に行なってもよい。
ソースライン反転駆動(「列反転駆動」、「カラム反転駆動」などともいう。)とは、特定のフレーム数毎かつ特定本数の信号線(ソース線)毎に、画素に供給する信号の極性を反転させる駆動方法である。
ゲートライン反転駆動(「行反転駆動」、「ロウ反転駆動」などともいう。)とは、特定のフレーム数毎かつ特定本数の走査線(ゲート線)毎に、画素に供給する信号の極性を反転させる駆動方法である。
ドット反転駆動(「行反転駆動」、「ロウ反転駆動」などともいう。)とは、特定のフレーム数毎かつ、行方向および列方向に隣り合う画素に供給する信号の極性を反転させる駆動方法である。ドット反転駆動における信号極性の反転は、特定画素数毎に行なうことができる。例えば、1画素毎に供給する信号の極性を反転させてもよいし、複数画素毎に供給する信号の極性を反転させてもよい。
次に、表示部17における配線SLと画素11の接続関係について説明する。まず、1画素ごとにドット反転駆動を行なう場合の接続関係について説明する。
[1列あたりのソース線が2本の表示部]
図23(A)および図23(B)は、1列あたり2本のソース線を設けた表示部17の一部を示している。図23(A)において、j列の画素11とj+1列の画素11の間に、配線SL1(j)と配線SL2(j)が設けられている。
図24および図25は、1列あたり3本のソース線を設けた表示部17の一部を示している。図24および図25では、j列の画素11が、配線SL2(j)と配線SL3(j)の間に設けられている。配線SL1(j)は、配線SL2(j)に隣接して設けられている。
図26に、図24に示した表示部17でドット反転駆動を行なうための駆動波形の一例を示す。ある1つのフレーム期間中、配線SL1(j)および配線SL2(j)には正極性の信号が供給され、配線SL3(j)には負極性の信号が供給される。
図27および図28は、1列あたり4本のソース線を設けた表示部17の一部を示している。図27および図28では、j列の画素11が、配線SL1(j)および配線SL2(j)と、配線SL3(j)および配線SL4(j)と、の間に設けられている。
図29は、1列あたり5本のソース線を設けた表示部17の一部を示している。図29では、j列の画素11が、配線SL1(j)、配線SL2(j)、および配線SL3(j)と、配線SL4(j)および配線SL5(j)と、の間に設けられている。
また、j列のi+6x+2行目に設けられた画素11とj列のi+6x+6行目に設けられた画素11は、配線SL2(j)と電気的に接続されている。また、j列のi+6x+3行目に設けられた画素11とj列のi+6x+7行目に設けられた画素11は、配線SL5(j)と電気的に接続されている。また、j列のi+6x+4行目に設けられた画素11とj列のi+6x+8行目に設けられた画素11は、配線SL3(j)と電気的に接続されている。また、j列のi+6x+9行目に設けられた画素11は、配線SL1(j+1)と電気的に接続されている。
図30は、1列あたり6本のソース線を設けた表示部17の一部を示している。図30では、j列の画素11が、配線SL1(j)、配線SL2(j)、および配線SL3(j)と、配線SL4(j)、配線SL5(j)、および配線SL6(j)と、の間に設けられている。
[1列あたりのソース線が2本の表示部]
図31(A)は、1列あたり2本のソース線を設けた表示部17の一部を示している。図31(A)において、j列の画素11とj+1列の画素11の間に、配線SL1(j)と配線SL2(j)が設けられている。
[1列あたりのソース線が2本の表示部]
図31(B)は、1列あたり2本のソース線を設けた表示部17の一部を示している。図31(B)では、j列の画素11が、配線SL1(j)と配線SL2(j)の間に設けられている。また、図31(B)では、j列の画素11とj+1列の画素11の間に、配線SL2(j)と配線SL1(j+1)が設けられている。
本実施の形態では、ゲートドライバ12aとソースドライバ13aの構成例について説明する。
図32(A)にゲートドライバ12aの構成例を示す。ゲートドライバ12aは、シフトレジスタ511、およびバッファアンプ514を有する。ゲートドライバ12aは複数の配線GL(または複数の配線GL0)と電気的に接続される。
図32(B)にソースドライバ13aの構成例を示す。ソースドライバ13aは、シフトレジスタ521、ラッチ522、DAコンバータ523、およびバッファアンプ524を有する。ソースドライバ13aは複数の配線SLと電気的に接続される。
ここで、アナログラッチ526に用いることができる半導体回路の一例を説明しておく。
図38(A)に示す記憶回路251aおよび図38(B)に示す記憶回路261aについて、詳細に説明する。
記憶回路251aおよび記憶回路261aの、情報の書き込み動作および保持動作について説明する。まず、配線255の電位を、トランジスタ262がオン状態となる電位にする。これにより、端子254の電位がノード257に与えられる。即ち、ノード257に所定の電荷が与えられる(書き込み)。ここでは、任意の電位に相当する電荷が与えられるものとする。その後、配線255の電位を、トランジスタ262がオフ状態となる電位とすることで、ノード257に電荷が保持される(保持動作)。
記憶回路251aに保持された情報の読み出し動作について説明する。端子252に所定の電位(定電位)を与えた状態で、配線256に読み出し電位VRを与えると、ノード257に保持されている電位を読み出すことができる。すなわち、端子252に供給する電位と読み出し電位VRを適切に設定することで、ノード257に保持されている電位と同等の電位を端子253に出力することができる。
記憶回路261aの、情報の読み出し動作について説明する。配線255にトランジスタ262がオン状態になる電位が与えられると、端子254とノード257とが導通し、端子254にノード257に保持されている電位が供給される。この時、容量素子258の容量値は大きいほど好ましい。容量素子258の容量値が大きいほど、書き込まれた電位を端子254に正確に供給することができる。
本実施の形態では、上記実施の形態に示した表示装置等に用いることができるトランジスタの一例について、図面を用いて説明する。
本実施の形態では、上記実施の形態に示した表示装置等に用いることができるトランジスタの一例について、図面を用いて説明する。特に、OSトランジスタに用いることが好ましいトランジスタ構造の一例について説明する。
〔構成例1〕
まず、トランジスタの構造の一例として、トランジスタ200aについて、図40(A)(B)、(C)を用いて説明する。図40(A)はトランジスタ200aの上面図である。図40(B)は、図40(A)に示す一点鎖線X1−X2間における切断面の断面図に相当し、図40(C)は、図40(A)に示す一点鎖線Y1−Y2間における切断面の断面図に相当する。なお、図40(A)において、煩雑になることを避けるため、トランジスタ200aの構成要素の一部(ゲート絶縁層としての機能を有する絶縁層等)を省略して図示している。なお、以下において、一点鎖線X1−X2方向をチャネル長方向、一点鎖線Y1−Y2方向をチャネル幅方向と呼称する場合がある。なお、トランジスタの上面図においては、以降の図面においても図40(A)と同様に、構成要素の一部を省略して図示する場合がある。
次に、トランジスタの構造の一例として、トランジスタ200bについて、図41(A)、(B)、(C)を用いて説明する。図41(A)はトランジスタ200bの上面図である。図41(B)は、図41(A)に示す一点鎖線X1−X2間における切断面の断面図に相当し、図41(C)は、図41(A)に示す一点鎖線Y1−Y2間における切断面の断面図に相当する。
次に、トランジスタの構造の一例として、トランジスタ200cについて、図42(A)、(B)、(C)を用いて説明する。図42(A)はトランジスタ200cの上面図である。図42(B)は、図42(A)に示す一点鎖線X1−X2間における切断面の断面図に相当し、図42(C)は、図42(A)に示す一点鎖線Y1−Y2間における切断面の断面図に相当する。
次に、トランジスタの構造の一例について、図43(A)、(B)、(C)、(D)を用いて説明する。
次に、トランジスタの構造の一例として、トランジスタ200fについて、図44(A)、(B)、(C)を用いて説明する。図44(A)はトランジスタ200fの上面図である。図44(B)は、図44(A)に示す一点鎖線X1−X2間における切断面の断面図に相当し、図44(C)は、図44(A)に示す一点鎖線Y1−Y2間における切断面の断面図に相当する。
以下では、本発明の一態様で開示されるトランジスタに用いることができるCAC(cloud−aligned composite)−OSの構成について説明する。
CAC−OSとは、例えば、金属酸化物を構成する元素が、0.5nm以上10nm以下、好ましくは、1nm以上2nm以下、またはその近傍のサイズで偏在した材料の一構成である。なお、以下では、金属酸化物において、一つあるいはそれ以上の金属元素が偏在し、該金属元素を有する領域が、0.5nm以上10nm以下、好ましくは、1nm以上2nm以下、またはその近傍のサイズで混合した状態をモザイク状、またはパッチ状ともいう。
本実施の形態では、上記実施の形態で説明した表示装置の他の構成例について説明する。
本実施の形態では、トランジスタの半導体層に用いることのできる多結晶シリコンの結晶化方法およびレーザ結晶化装置の一例について説明する。
本実施の形態では、本発明の一態様の電子機器について、図面を参照して説明する。
11 画素
14 基板
15 基板
16 基準電圧生成回路
17 表示部
20 液晶素子
21 導電層
22 液晶
23 導電層
26 絶縁層
30 トランジスタ
31 導電層
32 半導体層
33 導電層
34 絶縁層
35 不純物半導体層
37 半導体層
38 開口部
41 着色層
42 遮光層
50 光
51 導電層
52 導電層
53 導電層
54 導電層
55 導電層
Claims (7)
- 複数のゲート線と、複数のソース線と、表示部と、を有する表示装置であって、
前記表示部は、m行n列(mおよびnは、それぞれ2以上の整数)に配置された複数の画素を有し、
前記複数の画素のそれぞれは、トランジスタと、表示素子と、を有し、
i行目に配置された前記複数の画素は、i本目(iは1以上m以下の整数)の前記ゲート線と電気的に接続され、
前記表示装置は、1列あたりg本(gは3以上の整数)の前記ソース線を有し、
j列目(jは1以上n以下の整数)に配置されたg本の前記ソース線、およびj+1列目(jは1以上n以下の整数)に配置されたg本の前記ソース線のうち、
同じ極性の信号を供給するソース線がg本隣接して設けられていることを特徴とする表示装置。 - 請求項1において、
隣接して設けられた前記g本のソース線のうち、少なくとも一はj列目の前記複数の画素の一部と電気的に接続され、少なくとも他の一はj+1列目の前記複数の画素の一部と電気的に接続されていることを特徴とする表示装置。 - 請求項1または請求項2において、
1フレーム期間中、隣接して設けられた前記g本のソース線に同じ極性の信号が供給されることを特徴とする表示装置。 - 請求項1乃至請求項3のいずれか一項において、
前記複数のゲート線は、f本(fは3以上の整数)ごとに、f本同時に信号が供給されることを特徴とする表示装置。 - 請求項1乃至請求項4のいずれか一項において、
前記表示素子は液晶素子であることを特徴とする表示装置。 - 請求項1乃至請求項5のいずれか一項において、
ドット反転駆動で動作することを特徴とする表示装置。 - 請求項1乃至請求項6のいずれか一項において、
前記トランジスタは半導体層を有し、
前記半導体層は金属酸化物を含むことを特徴とする表示装置。
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US20160225330A1 (en) * | 2015-02-03 | 2016-08-04 | Samsung Display Co., Ltd. | Display panel and a display apparatus including the same |
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US20200126501A1 (en) | 2020-04-23 |
TW202242839A (zh) | 2022-11-01 |
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JP2022166018A (ja) | 2022-11-01 |
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DE112018000893T5 (de) | 2019-10-24 |
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US20210210035A1 (en) | 2021-07-08 |
TWI758417B (zh) | 2022-03-21 |
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CN110301001A (zh) | 2019-10-01 |
WO2018150293A1 (en) | 2018-08-23 |
KR20230164749A (ko) | 2023-12-04 |
TW201835889A (zh) | 2018-10-01 |
US10573261B2 (en) | 2020-02-25 |
KR102605992B1 (ko) | 2023-11-23 |
TW202405786A (zh) | 2024-02-01 |
CN114594636A (zh) | 2022-06-07 |
US20220068232A1 (en) | 2022-03-03 |
US11176900B2 (en) | 2021-11-16 |
US11735131B2 (en) | 2023-08-22 |
KR20230119740A (ko) | 2023-08-16 |
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