JP2017536685A - リチウム二次電池用正極活物質及びこれを含むリチウム二次電池 - Google Patents
リチウム二次電池用正極活物質及びこれを含むリチウム二次電池 Download PDFInfo
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- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 239000011164 primary particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000011163 secondary particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001450 anions Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 14
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 14
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 9
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229910000361 cobalt sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 229940044175 cobalt sulfate Drugs 0.000 description 8
- KTVIXTQDYHMGHF-UHFFFAOYSA-L cobalt(2+) sulfate Chemical compound [Co+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O KTVIXTQDYHMGHF-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 8
- LGQLOGILCSXPEA-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel sulfate Chemical compound [Ni+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O LGQLOGILCSXPEA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 8
- 229910000363 nickel(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 229940099596 manganese sulfate Drugs 0.000 description 7
- 239000011702 manganese sulphate Substances 0.000 description 7
- 235000007079 manganese sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- SQQMAOCOWKFBNP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O SQQMAOCOWKFBNP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 7
- 229940053662 nickel sulfate Drugs 0.000 description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 6
- WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M Lithium hydroxide Chemical compound [Li+].[OH-] WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002905 metal composite material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910013290 LiNiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002738 chelating agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910000000 metal hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000004692 metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium chloride Substances [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910012851 LiCoO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910013716 LiNi Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910006467 Li—Ni—Mn—Co Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000000975 co-precipitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 2
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L lithium carbonate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-]C([O-])=O XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 2
- BNGXYYYYKUGPPF-UHFFFAOYSA-M (3-methylphenyl)methyl-triphenylphosphanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CC1=CC=CC(C[P+](C=2C=CC=CC=2)(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 BNGXYYYYKUGPPF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- KEQXNNJHMWSZHK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 1,3,2,4$l^{2}-dioxathiaplumbetane 2,2-dioxide Chemical compound [Pb+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O KEQXNNJHMWSZHK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000006245 Carbon black Super-P Substances 0.000 description 1
- KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene carbonate Chemical compound O=C1OCCO1 KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910003543 Li(Ni0.33Co0.33Mn0.33)O2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910003900 Li(Ni0.5Co0.2Mn0.3)O2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002999 Li(Ni0.8Co0.1Mn0.1)O2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910014689 LiMnO Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013870 LiPF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910006465 Li—Ni—Mn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910003307 Ni-Cd Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910018095 Ni-MH Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910016365 Ni0.33Co0.33Mn0.33 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910018477 Ni—MH Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- KFDQGLPGKXUTMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Mn].[Co].[Ni] Chemical compound [Mn].[Co].[Ni] KFDQGLPGKXUTMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006182 cathode active material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000006258 conductive agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl methyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OC JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000640 hydroxylating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011244 liquid electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052808 lithium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021437 lithium-transition metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052609 olivine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010450 olivine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010979 pH adjustment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037361 pathway Effects 0.000 description 1
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052596 spinel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011029 spinel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/362—Composites
- H01M4/366—Composites as layered products
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B25/00—Phosphorus; Compounds thereof
- C01B25/16—Oxyacids of phosphorus; Salts thereof
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- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B25/00—Phosphorus; Compounds thereof
- C01B25/16—Oxyacids of phosphorus; Salts thereof
- C01B25/26—Phosphates
- C01B25/45—Phosphates containing plural metal, or metal and ammonium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G45/00—Compounds of manganese
- C01G45/006—Compounds containing, besides manganese, two or more other elements, with the exception of oxygen or hydrogen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G45/00—Compounds of manganese
- C01G45/12—Manganates manganites or permanganates
- C01G45/1221—Manganates or manganites with a manganese oxidation state of Mn(III), Mn(IV) or mixtures thereof
- C01G45/1228—Manganates or manganites with a manganese oxidation state of Mn(III), Mn(IV) or mixtures thereof of the type [MnO2]n-, e.g. LiMnO2, Li[MxMn1-x]O2
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G51/00—Compounds of cobalt
- C01G51/006—Compounds containing, besides cobalt, two or more other elements, with the exception of oxygen or hydrogen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G51/00—Compounds of cobalt
- C01G51/40—Cobaltates
- C01G51/42—Cobaltates containing alkali metals, e.g. LiCoO2
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G51/00—Compounds of cobalt
- C01G51/40—Cobaltates
- C01G51/42—Cobaltates containing alkali metals, e.g. LiCoO2
- C01G51/44—Cobaltates containing alkali metals, e.g. LiCoO2 containing manganese
- C01G51/50—Cobaltates containing alkali metals, e.g. LiCoO2 containing manganese of the type [MnO2]n-, e.g. Li(CoxMn1-x)O2, Li(MyCoxMn1-x-y)O2
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G53/00—Compounds of nickel
- C01G53/006—Compounds containing, besides nickel, two or more other elements, with the exception of oxygen or hydrogen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G53/00—Compounds of nickel
- C01G53/40—Nickelates
- C01G53/42—Nickelates containing alkali metals, e.g. LiNiO2
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G53/00—Compounds of nickel
- C01G53/40—Nickelates
- C01G53/42—Nickelates containing alkali metals, e.g. LiNiO2
- C01G53/44—Nickelates containing alkali metals, e.g. LiNiO2 containing manganese
- C01G53/50—Nickelates containing alkali metals, e.g. LiNiO2 containing manganese of the type [MnO2]n-, e.g. Li(NixMn1-x)O2, Li(MyNixMn1-x-y)O2
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- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
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- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
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- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
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- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/50—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese
- H01M4/505—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing manganese for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiMn2O4 or LiMn2OxFy
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- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/52—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron
- H01M4/525—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy
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- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/58—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy; of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
- H01M4/5825—Oxygenated metallic salts or polyanionic structures, e.g. borates, phosphates, silicates, olivines
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Abstract
Description
LixNi1−a−b−cCoaMnbMecO2−yXy
(前記化学式1で0.9≦x≦1.15.0≦a≦0.5、0≦b≦0.65、0≦c≦0.15、0≦y≦0.1、Meは、Al、Mg、B、P、Ti、Si、Zr、Ba、及びこれらの組合からなる群より選択される少なくとも1つ以上の元素であり、Xは、F、BO3、PO4等の陰イオンから選択される少なくとも1つ以上の原子乃至分子である)
本発明は、また本発明によるリチウム二次電池用正極活物質を含むリチウム二次電池を提供する。
共沈反応器(容量100L、回転モーターの出力80W以上)に蒸留水20Lとキレート剤としてアンモニアを1000gとを加えた後、反応器内の温度を48℃に維持しながら、モーターを350rpmで攪拌した。反応槽に窒素ガスを3L/min流量で連続的に供給した。
正極の組成がLi(Ni0.5Co0.2Mn0.3)O2になるように、硫酸ニッケル、硫酸コバルト、及び硫酸マンガンの投入モル比を調整することを除いては、実施例1と同一の方法によって正極を製造した。
正極の組成がLi(Ni0.7Co0.2Mn0.1)O2になるように硫酸ニッケル、硫酸コバルト、及び硫酸マンガンのモル比を調整することと、炭酸リチウムの代わりに水酸化リチウムを使用することとを除いては、実施例1と同一の方法によって正極を製造した。
正極の組成がLi(Ni0.8Co0.1Mn0.1)O2になるように硫酸ニッケル、硫酸コバルト、及び硫酸マンガンのモル比を調整することを除いては、実施例1と同一の方法によって正極を製造した。
正極のバルク組成がLi(Ni0.820Co0.145Al0.035)O2になるように硫酸ニッケル、硫酸コバルト、及び硫酸マンガンのモル比を調整することを除いては、実施例4と同一の方法によって正極を製造した。
正極組成がLi(Ni0.90Co0.07Al0.03)O2になるように硫酸ニッケル、硫酸コバルト、及び硫酸マンガンのモル比を調整することを除いては、実施例4と同一の方法によって正極を製造した。
容量100Lの反応器に蒸留水80リットルとキレート剤としてアンモニアを1000g加えた後、反応器内の温度を50±2℃で維持しながら、モーターを5000rpmにして攪拌した。また、反応槽に窒素ガスを3L/min流量で連続的に供給した。次に硫酸ニッケル、硫酸コバルト、及び硫酸マンガンのモル比8:1:1で混合された1M濃度の前駆体水容液を6.5L/hrで、28%濃度のアンモニア水容液を0.6L/hrで、反応器に連続的に投入した。また、pH調整のために25%濃度の水酸化ナトリウム水容液を1.5〜2.0L/hrで供給してpHを11〜12に合わせて、反応槽内の液面に連続的に供給した。反応溶液温度を50±2℃に維持し、反応溶液のpHを11乃至12に維持されるように25%濃度の水酸化ナトリウム水溶液を加えて金属水酸化物粒子を形成した。反応器内部が正常状態になった30時間後、オーバーフローパイプから排出された水酸化物粒子を連続的に取り水で洗浄した後、100℃の温風乾燥機で12時間乾燥してLi(Ni0.8Co0.1Mn0.1)O2組成を有する金属複合水酸化物状の前駆体粉末を得た。
硫酸ニッケル、硫酸コバルト、硝酸アルミニウムのモル比が81.5:15:3.5比率に混合された1M濃度の前駆体水容液を使用したことを除いては、比較例1と同様の方法で合成した。
実施例1乃至6及び比較例1及び2において製造された正極活物質粒子及び破断面のSEM写真を測定し、その結果を図2及び図3に示した。
前記実施例4及び比較例1の一次粒子の模様及び構造を、TEMを用いて測定し、その結果を図4〜図5に示した。
前記実施例1〜6及び比較例1及び2で製造された正極活物質と、導電剤としてsuper−P、結合剤としては、ポリビニリデンフルオライド(PVdF)を92:5:3の重量比で混合してスラリーを製造した。前記スラリーを15μm厚さのアルミニウム薄に均一に塗布し、135℃で真空乾燥してリチウム二次電池用正極を製造した。
前記実施例1乃至6及び比較例1及び2にて製造された活物質で製造された電池の初期容量、初期効率、比率特性、及び寿命特性を測定し、その結果を下記表2に示した。
Claims (8)
- 遷移金属を含む層状構造の正極活物質であって、
一次粒子が凝集された球形の二次粒子で、一次粒子のアスペクト比が1以上であり、
前記一次粒子内のリチウムイオン拡散経路(lithiumion diffusion path)であるa軸方向が、一次粒子の長軸と平行に形成されていることを特徴とするリチウム二次電池用正極活物質。 - 前記一次粒子内のリチウムイオン拡散経路であるa軸方向が、二次粒子の中心方向への方向性を示すことを特徴とする、請求項1に記載のリチウム二次電池用正極活物質。
- 前記一次粒子内のリチウムイオン拡散経路が、粒子全体の中心方向への方向性を有して形成され、前記二次粒子の表面から中心までリチウムイオン拡散経路が1次元又は二次元のトンネル構造を有することを特徴とする、請求項1に記載のリチウム二次電池用正極活物質。
- 前記一次粒子内のリチウムイオン拡散経路であるa軸方向が、二次粒子の表面と二次粒子の中心とを連結する連結線と±40°以内の角度を形成することを特徴とする、請求項1に記載のリチウム二次電池用正極活物質。
- 前記リチウムイオン拡散経路が、二次粒子の表面と二次粒子の中心とを連結する連結線と±40°以内の角度を形成する1次粒子が占める面積が2次粒子面積の10%以上であることを特徴とする、請求項4に記載のリチウム二次電池用正極活物質。
- 前記一次粒子の中で前記アスペクト比が1以上であり、前記粒子内のリチウムイオン拡散経路が、粒子の長軸と平行に形成される一次粒子が占める面積が二次粒子面積の40%以上であることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載のリチウム二次電池用正極活物質。
- 前記二次粒子は、下記化学式1で表示され、
<化学式1>
LixNi1−a−b−cCoaMnbMecO2−yXy
(前記化学式1で0.9≦x≦1.15.0≦a≦0.5、0≦b≦0.65、0≦c≦0.15、0≦y≦0.1、Meは、Al、Mg、B、P、Ti、Si、Zr、Ba及びこれらの組合からなる群より選択される少なくとも1つ以上の元素、Xは、F、BO3、及びPO4等の陰イオンから選択される少なくとも1つ以上の元素乃至分子である)
粒子全体において遷移金属の濃度が一定であることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載のリチウム二次電池用正極活物質。 - 請求項1乃至請求項7のいずれかに記載のリチウム二次電池用正極活物質を含むリチウム二次電池。
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WO2021010321A1 (ja) * | 2019-07-18 | 2021-01-21 | 株式会社豊田自動織機 | アルミニウムの分散が均一である正極活物質 |
JP2021018974A (ja) * | 2019-07-18 | 2021-02-15 | 株式会社豊田自動織機 | アルミニウムの分散が均一である正極活物質 |
JP7213427B2 (ja) | 2019-07-18 | 2023-01-27 | 株式会社豊田自動織機 | アルミニウムの分散が均一である正極活物質 |
CN110498434A (zh) * | 2019-07-26 | 2019-11-26 | 长沙佳纳锂业科技有限公司 | 一种锂离子电池正极活性材料的回收方法及其应用 |
JP2023500220A (ja) * | 2019-10-23 | 2023-01-05 | エルジー・ケム・リミテッド | 正極活物質、これを含む正極およびリチウム二次電池 |
JP7386988B2 (ja) | 2019-10-23 | 2023-11-27 | エルジー・ケム・リミテッド | 正極活物質、これを含む正極およびリチウム二次電池 |
JP2022159119A (ja) * | 2021-03-31 | 2022-10-17 | エコプロ ビーエム カンパニー リミテッド | 正極活物質とそれを用いたリチウム二次電池 |
JP7356532B2 (ja) | 2021-03-31 | 2023-10-04 | エコプロ ビーエム カンパニー リミテッド | 正極活物質とそれを用いたリチウム二次電池 |
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JP2020109771A (ja) | 2020-07-16 |
EP3024069A4 (en) | 2017-05-17 |
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EP3024069B1 (en) | 2024-06-19 |
JP7321225B2 (ja) | 2023-08-04 |
KR101577179B1 (ko) | 2015-12-16 |
CN105814719A (zh) | 2016-07-27 |
EP3024069A1 (en) | 2016-05-25 |
US20160268594A1 (en) | 2016-09-15 |
JP7121771B2 (ja) | 2022-08-18 |
US9837661B2 (en) | 2017-12-05 |
JP2023129573A (ja) | 2023-09-14 |
CN105814719B (zh) | 2020-07-28 |
WO2016039511A1 (ko) | 2016-03-17 |
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