JP2016006767A - 電極の製造方法、電極、蓄電池、及び電気機器 - Google Patents
電極の製造方法、電極、蓄電池、及び電気機器 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2016006767A JP2016006767A JP2015106099A JP2015106099A JP2016006767A JP 2016006767 A JP2016006767 A JP 2016006767A JP 2015106099 A JP2015106099 A JP 2015106099A JP 2015106099 A JP2015106099 A JP 2015106099A JP 2016006767 A JP2016006767 A JP 2016006767A
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- electrode
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- polyvinylidene fluoride
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- 229910006404 SnO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical group [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- XHCLAFWTIXFWPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[V+5].[V+5] Chemical class [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[V+5].[V+5] XHCLAFWTIXFWPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FDLZQPXZHIFURF-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O-2].[Ti+4].[Li+] Chemical compound [O-2].[Ti+4].[Li+] FDLZQPXZHIFURF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- GZCGUPFRVQAUEE-SLPGGIOYSA-N aldehydo-D-glucose Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C=O GZCGUPFRVQAUEE-SLPGGIOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- LFVGISIMTYGQHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].OP(O)([O-])=O LFVGISIMTYGQHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000387 ammonium dihydrogen phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000006183 anode active material Substances 0.000 description 1
- HYGWNUKOUCZBND-UHFFFAOYSA-N azanide Chemical compound [NH2-] HYGWNUKOUCZBND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JRPBQTZRNDNNOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium titanate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[Ba+2].[O-][Ti]([O-])([O-])[O-] JRPBQTZRNDNNOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002113 barium titanate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009172 bursting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 1
- 229910021393 carbon nanotube Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002041 carbon nanotube Substances 0.000 description 1
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- ZOMNIUBKTOKEHS-UHFFFAOYSA-L dimercury dichloride Chemical class Cl[Hg][Hg]Cl ZOMNIUBKTOKEHS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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- 238000004299 exfoliation Methods 0.000 description 1
- VEPSWGHMGZQCIN-UHFFFAOYSA-H ferric oxalate Chemical compound [Fe+3].[Fe+3].[O-]C(=O)C([O-])=O.[O-]C(=O)C([O-])=O.[O-]C(=O)C([O-])=O VEPSWGHMGZQCIN-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
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- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021469 graphitizable carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021385 hard carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WPYVAWXEWQSOGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium antimonide Chemical compound [Sb]#[In] WPYVAWXEWQSOGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002484 inorganic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011147 inorganic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012905 input function Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009830 intercalation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002687 intercalation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002452 interceptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000554 ionomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005001 laminate film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052745 lead Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L lithium carbonate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-]C([O-])=O XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052808 lithium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002642 lithium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- GELKBWJHTRAYNV-UHFFFAOYSA-K lithium iron phosphate Chemical compound [Li+].[Fe+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O GELKBWJHTRAYNV-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052914 metal silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- LGRLWUINFJPLSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanide Chemical compound [CH3-] LGRLWUINFJPLSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012046 mixed solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019837 monoammonium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N neodymium atom Chemical compound [Nd] QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZKATWMILCYLAPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium pentoxide Inorganic materials O=[Nb](=O)O[Nb](=O)=O ZKATWMILCYLAPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- URLJKFSTXLNXLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium(5+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Nb+5].[Nb+5] URLJKFSTXLNXLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021470 non-graphitizable carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002892 organic cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002898 organic sulfur compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxonickel Chemical compound [Ni]=O GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003002 pH adjusting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006122 polyamide resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002857 polybutadiene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001225 polyester resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004645 polyester resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001451 polypropylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene carbonate Chemical compound CC1COC(=O)O1 RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007363 ring formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052706 scandium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SIXSYDAISGFNSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N scandium atom Chemical compound [Sc] SIXSYDAISGFNSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004771 selenides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000002639 sodium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910021384 soft carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfuric acid Substances OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001308 synthesis method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004772 tellurides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000009210 therapy by ultrasound Methods 0.000 description 1
- QHGNHLZPVBIIPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin(II) oxide Inorganic materials [Sn]=O QHGNHLZPVBIIPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000326 transition metal silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000032258 transport Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DZKDPOPGYFUOGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten(iv) oxide Chemical compound O=[W]=O DZKDPOPGYFUOGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001935 vanadium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000013585 weight reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
【解決手段】グラフェンと変性した高分子とを活物質層中に有する電極である。又は、集電体と、その上の実質的に炭素粒子から成る層と、変性した高分子を含む活物質層とを有する電極である。該変性した高分子は、ポリフッ化ビニリデン構造を有し、一部にポリエン構造または芳香環構造を有する。ポリエン構造または芳香環構造はポリフッ化ビニリデン構造に挟まれている。
【選択図】図3
Description
本実施の形態では、図1を用いて、本発明の一態様に係る蓄電池用電極の製造方法について説明する。
本実施の形態では、活物質層と集電体との界面接着力を向上させた蓄電池用電極の製造方法について詳述する。
本実施の形態では、実施の形態1で説明した蓄電池用電極の、別の製造方法について詳述する。
本実施の形態では、実施の形態1で示した製造方法により製造した蓄電池用電極を用いた蓄電池の構造について、図4乃至図7を参照して説明する。
図4(A)は、コイン型(単層偏平型)の蓄電池の外観図であり、図4(B)は、その断面図である。
図5はラミネート型の蓄電池500の外観図を示す。また、図6(A)および図6(B)は、図5に一点鎖線で示すA1−A2断面およびB1−B2断面を示す。ラミネート型の蓄電池500は、正極集電体501および正極活物質層502を有する正極503と、負極集電体504および負極活物質層505を有する負極506と、セパレータ507と、電解液508と、外装体509と、を有する。外装体509内に設けられた正極503と負極506との間にセパレータ507が設置されている。また、外装体509で囲まれた領域内には電解液508が注入されている。
次に、円筒型の蓄電池の一例について、図7を参照して説明する。円筒型の蓄電池600は図7(A)に示すように、上面に正極キャップ(電池蓋)601を有し、側面及び底面に電池缶(外装缶)602を有している。これら正極キャップと電池缶(外装缶)602とは、ガスケット(絶縁パッキン)610によって絶縁されている。
本発明の一態様に係る蓄電池用電極を用いた蓄電池は、電力により駆動する様々な電気機器の電源として用いることができる。
次に、電気機器の一例である携帯情報端末について、図9を用いて説明する。
さらに、電気機器の一例である移動体の例について、図10を用いて説明する。
以下に本実施例で用いた材料や装置について記す。
酸化グラフェンは以下の方法により合成した。はじめに、グラファイト20gと690mLの濃硫酸(96%)を氷浴中で撹拌しながら過マンガン酸カリウム75gをゆっくり加えた。その後、25℃で4.5時間撹拌して反応液1を得た。次に、氷浴下で純水1380mLに反応液1をゆっくり加えて希釈した。次に、希釈された反応液1を油浴下でca.95℃で15分間撹拌して反応させた後、水浴下(室温)で54mLの過酸化水素水(濃度30wt%)を加えて未反応の過マンガン酸カリウムを失活させた。遠心分離して固形分を回収した後、洗浄および乾燥して酸化グラフェン粉末を得た。ここで洗浄は一旦純水を加えて希釈、分散させた後に遠心分離して沈殿物を回収する操作を複数回繰り返す事で行なった。また乾燥にはスプレイドライヤーを用いた。
Li2CO3、FeC2O4・2H2O、NH4H2PO4(モル比1:2:2)にアセトン(脱水)を加え、媒体撹拌ミルを用いて粉砕、混合した。混合物に含まれる溶媒を揮発させた後、窒素雰囲気下、350℃10時間焼成して材料1を得た。次いで材料1にグルコース(材料1に対して重量比10wt%)及びアセトンを加えて湿式媒体ミルで混合し、溶媒を揮発させて材料2を得た。材料2を窒素雰囲気下、600℃10時間焼成して材料3を得た。材料3はアセトンを用いて湿式媒体ミルで微粒子化、即ち分散させ、溶媒を揮発させる事で材料4を得た。この材料4を活物質粒子LiFePO4として用いた。なお、XRD解析より、材料4の結晶子サイズはca.80nmであり、比表面積は27m2/gであると測定された。
活物質粒子LiFePO4、酸化グラフェン、PVdF溶液にNMPを加え、薄膜旋回型高速攪拌機により混練した。溶媒NMPを除いた材料の重量比はLiFePO4:酸化グラフェン:PVdF=94.2:0.8:5.0であった。得られたスラリー状の混合物を正極集電体にブレード法により塗布し、65℃から75℃で熱風乾燥して、正極活物質層を有する電極1を得た。また、活物質粒子LiFePO4、酸化グラフェン、PVdFを含むNMP溶液であるスラリー状の混合物を比較正極集電体にブレード法により塗布し、熱風乾燥して正極活物質層を有する電極2を得た。電極2の配合比は電極1と同じである。
正極に正極A〜Fを、負極にLi金属を、電解質に1MのLiPF6を含むEC/DECの電解液(EC:DEC=1vol:1vol)を、セパレータに多孔質ポリプロピレンを用いて2032型コイン電池を作製した。それぞれコイン電池A〜Fとする。
電極A、Bの、粘着テープ180°引き剥がし試験(関連規格ISO29862:2007)を実施した。詳述すると、活物質層を固定し、集電体を180°の向きに引っ張り、活物質層から引き剥がす事で、剥離に必要な力(剥離力)を計測した。前述のように電極Aと電極Bは化学還元後の洗浄溶媒が異なる。
飛行時間二次イオン質量分析(ToF−SIMS:Time−of−Flight Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry)により、電極Aと電極Bを分析した。前述のように電極Aと電極Bは化学還元後の洗浄溶媒が異なる。なお、ToF−SIMS分析ではアスコルビン酸やその誘導体は妨害イオンの為に分析出来なかった。
電極A、E、Fのシート抵抗を四端子四探針法により測定した。即ち、集電体から活物質層を剥がし、絶縁体上の活物質層のシート抵抗を測定した。前述のように電極Aと電極E、Fは還元溶媒と洗浄条件が異なり、電極Eと電極Fは還元温度および時間が異なる。
以上の実施例により、変性したPVdFとグラフェンとの組み合わせによる影響を調べられた。またPVdFの変性によりポリエン構造や芳香環構造が生じると示唆され、PVdFの変性は純水を含む水溶液に触れる事で起こると示唆された。
101 集電体
102 活物質層
103 活物質
104 グラフェンフレーク
300 蓄電池
301 正極缶
302 負極缶
303 ガスケット
304 正極
305 正極集電体
306 正極活物質層
307 負極
308 負極集電体
309 負極活物質層
310 セパレータ
500 蓄電池
501 正極集電体
502 正極活物質層
503 正極
504 負極集電体
505 負極活物質層
506 負極
507 セパレータ
508 電解液
509 外装体
600 蓄電池
601 正極キャップ
602 電池缶
603 正極端子
604 正極
605 セパレータ
606 負極
607 負極端子
608 絶縁板
609 絶縁板
610 ガスケット(絶縁パッキン)
611 PTC素子
612 安全弁機構
700 表示装置
701 筐体
702 表示部
703 スピーカ部
704 蓄電池
710 照明装置
711 筐体
712 光源
713 蓄電池
714 天井
715 側壁
716 床
717 窓
720 室内機
721 筐体
722 送風口
723 蓄電池
724 室外機
730 電気冷凍冷蔵庫
731 筐体
732 冷蔵室用扉
733 冷凍室用扉
734 蓄電池
800 タブレット型端末
801 筐体
802 表示部
802a 表示部
802b 表示部
803 表示モード切り替えスイッチ
804 電源スイッチ
805 省電力モード切り替えスイッチ
807 操作スイッチ
808a タッチパネルの領域
808b タッチパネルの領域
809 操作キー
810 キーボード表示切り替えボタン
811 太陽電池
850 充放電制御回路
851 バッテリー
852 DCDCコンバータ
853 コンバータ
860 電気自動車
861 バッテリー
862 制御回路
863 駆動装置
864 処理装置
Claims (9)
- 活物質粒子と、グラフェンと、ポリフッ化ビニリデン構造を有する高分子とを含み、
前記ポリフッ化ビニリデン構造を有する高分子は、一部にポリエン構造または芳香環構造を有する、電極。 - 活物質粒子と、ポリフッ化ビニリデン構造を有する高分子とを含む活物質層と、
金属箔と、実質的に炭素粒子から成る層とを含む集電体とを含み、
前記ポリフッ化ビニリデン構造を有する高分子は、一部にポリエン構造または芳香環構造を有する、電極。 - 請求項1又は2のいずれか一項において、
前記ポリエン構造または前記芳香環構造は、二つのポリフッ化ビニリデン構造の間にある、電極。 - 請求項1乃至3のいずれか一項に記載の電極と、電解質と、を含む蓄電池。
- 請求項4に記載の蓄電池と、筐体、表示装置、またはスイッチと、を有する電気機器。
- 活物質粒子と、酸化グラフェンと、ポリフッ化ビニリデン構造を有する高分子とを含む活物質層を集電体上に形成し、
還元剤を含む水溶液に前記活物質層を浸潤させて、前記ポリフッ化ビニリデン構造を有する高分子からフッ化水素を脱離させて電極を形成する電極の製造方法。 - 請求項6において、
前記還元剤は、−5.0eV以上−3.8eV以下のLUMO準位を持つ材料である電極の製造方法。 - 金属箔上に、実質的に炭素粒子から成る層を塗布して集電体を形成し、
前記集電体上に、活物質粒子と、ポリフッ化ビニリデン構造を有する高分子とを含む活物質層を形成し、
前記活物質層を純水または水溶液に浸潤させて、前記ポリフッ化ビニリデン構造を有する高分子からフッ化水素を脱離させて電極を形成する電極の製造方法。 - 請求項8において、
前記フッ化水素の脱離により、前記ポリフッ化ビニリデン構造からポリエン構造または芳香環構造が生じる電極の製造方法。
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JP2020504433A (ja) * | 2016-12-30 | 2020-02-06 | ベイジン ドンシュー カーボン アドヴァンスト マテリアルズ テクノロジー カンパニー,リミテッド | リチウムイオン電池に使用するためのグラフェン/三元系材料複合体を調製する方法およびその製造物 |
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JP2021040078A (ja) * | 2019-09-04 | 2021-03-11 | 時空化学株式会社 | パウチ型スーパーキャパシタ、正極材料及び負極材料 |
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JP2022103407A (ja) | 2022-07-07 |
JP6745587B2 (ja) | 2020-08-26 |
US20150349345A1 (en) | 2015-12-03 |
KR20150138049A (ko) | 2015-12-09 |
US11735738B2 (en) | 2023-08-22 |
CN105322173B (zh) | 2020-08-04 |
CN111710870A (zh) | 2020-09-25 |
JP2020155409A (ja) | 2020-09-24 |
CN111710870B (zh) | 2024-04-26 |
CN105322173A (zh) | 2016-02-10 |
KR102538459B1 (ko) | 2023-06-01 |
KR20230079338A (ko) | 2023-06-07 |
JP2024032947A (ja) | 2024-03-12 |
US20220045330A1 (en) | 2022-02-10 |
US11165066B2 (en) | 2021-11-02 |
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