JP2015536236A - 圧縮着火機関の排気ガスを処理するためのキャタライズド・スート・フィルター - Google Patents
圧縮着火機関の排気ガスを処理するためのキャタライズド・スート・フィルター Download PDFInfo
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- JP2015536236A JP2015536236A JP2015542363A JP2015542363A JP2015536236A JP 2015536236 A JP2015536236 A JP 2015536236A JP 2015542363 A JP2015542363 A JP 2015542363A JP 2015542363 A JP2015542363 A JP 2015542363A JP 2015536236 A JP2015536236 A JP 2015536236A
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Abstract
Description
定義
調製方法
アルカリ土類金属成分、及び担体材料としてヘテロ原子成分でドープされたアルミナを含む試料を以下の通り調製した。
触媒活性は、合成ガスベンチ活性試験(SCAT)を用いて求めた。試験される部品は、まずコアドリルを用いて中心を取り除かれ、水熱条件(水10%)を適用してオーブン内で750℃で5時間熟成された。熟成された中心部は、模擬触媒活性試験(SCAT)ガス装置内で表1の入口ガス混合物を用いて試験された。それぞれの場合において、残余分は窒素である。
測定の結果を図1に示す。図1は本発明の触媒の改善された活性を示しており、これらは、担持量150g/ft3で改質アルミナとバリウムの両方を含む。本発明の触媒は、バリウムを含まない比較例の触媒よりも低いCO T50ライトオフ温度を有する。これは、Pt:Pdの質量比が1:2−2:1の範囲の場合に特に顕著である。担体材料としての通常のアルミナ及びバリウムを含む触媒は、通常のアルミナを含みバリウムのない触媒と比べて、改善されたCO T50ライトオフ温度を示さない。
5%シリカでドープされたアルミナ、50g/ft3の総PGM担持量で1:1の質量比のPt:Pd、及び様々な量のバリウムを含有する試料は、上述の方法を用いて調製された。CO T50ライトオフ温度も上述の同じ手順を用いて測定された。
調製方法
シリカでドープされたアルミナ粉末は、水中でスラリーにされ、d90が20ミクロン未満になるまで粉砕した。酢酸ストロンチウムがスラリーに加えられ、次いで、適量の可溶な白金塩及びパラジウム塩が加えられた。Pt:Pdの質量比は、50g/ft3の総PGM担持量で1:1であった。次に、スラリーを撹拌して均質化した。生じたウォッシュコートは、確立された被膜技術を用いて、1平方インチ当たり400セルを有するコーディエライトフロースルーモノリスに塗布された。部品は乾燥され、500℃でか焼された。CO T50ライトオフ温度も上述の同一の方法を用いて測定された。
調製方法
マグネシウムでドープされたアルミナ粉末は、水中でスラリーにされ、d90が20ミクロン未満になるまで粉砕した。酢酸バリウムがスラリーに加えられ、次いで、適量の可溶な白金塩及びパラジウム塩が加えられた。Pt:Pdの質量比は、50g/ft3の総PGM担持量で2:1であった。次に、スラリーを撹拌して均質化した。生じたウォッシュコートは、確立された被膜技術を用いて、1平方インチ当たり400セルを有するコーディエライトフロースルーモノリスに塗布された。部品は乾燥され、500℃でか焼された。
調製方法
触媒(5−1)は、酢酸バリウム溶液のインシピエントウェットネス含浸により、アルミナ担体にドープされたシリカ上に調製された。材料は105℃で乾燥された。次に、白金塩及びパラジウム塩の第2の溶液がインシピエントウェットネス含浸により加えられた。生じた材料は105℃で乾燥され、次いで500℃でか焼された。最終的な組成は、Pt0.65重量%、Pd0.35重量%、Ba10重量%であった。
アルミナ粉末は水中でスラリーにされ、粒径d90が6μm未満になるまで粉砕した。適量の可溶な白金塩及びパラジウム塩がスラリーに加えられ、次いで、スラリーが、質量でアルミナを80%、ゼオライトを20%含むようにベータゼオライトが加えられた。スラリーを撹拌して均質化した。生じたウォッシュコートは、確立された被膜技術を用いて、1平方インチ当たり300セル(cpsi)、肉厚1000分の12インチ、空隙率42%である体積3.0リットルの炭化ケイ素基材に塗布された。部品は乾燥され、500℃でか焼された。
アルミナ粉末は水中でスラリーにされ、粒径d90が6μm未満になるまで粉砕した。酢酸バリウムがスラリーに加えられ、次いで、スラリーが、質量でアルミナを80%、ゼオライトを20%含むように、適量の可溶な白金塩及びパラジウム塩、並びにベータゼオライトが加えられた。スラリーを撹拌して均質化した。生じたウォッシュコートは、確立された被膜技術を用いて、300cpsi、肉厚1000分の12インチ、空隙率42%の体積3.0リットルである炭化ケイ素基材に塗布された。部品は乾燥され、500℃でか焼された。
アルミナ粉末をドープしたシリカは水中でスラリーにされ、粒径d90が6μm未満になるまで粉砕した。酢酸バリウムがスラリーに加えられ、次いで、スラリーが、アルミナをドープしたシリカを80重量%、ゼオライトを20重量%含むように、適量の可溶な白金塩及びパラジウム塩、並びにベータゼオライトが加えられた。スラリーを撹拌して均質化した。生じたウォッシュコートは、確立された被膜技術を用いて、300cpsi、肉厚1000分の12インチ、空隙率42%である体積3.0リットルの炭化ケイ素基材に塗布された。部品は乾燥され、500℃でか焼された。
実施例6、7及び8により調製された試料は、それぞれ、800℃で16時間、オーブン内で水熱的に熟成された。次いで、これらは、硫黄10ppm未満の燃料で動作しているEuro5ターボチャージャー付きディーゼルのベンチ取り付けエンジンからの排気ガス排出物に暴露された。汚染物質の排出は、キャタライズド・スート・フィルターの前後両方で測定された。触媒のライトオフ活性は、エンジンに負荷を掛けることにより排気ガス温度を上げて、動力計により測定された。
表7 ― 300℃におけるNOx中のNO2(硫黄10ppm未満の燃料で動作しているベンチ取り付けEuro5ターボチャージャー付きディーゼルエンジンからの排気ガス)
Claims (43)
- 濾過基材上に配される圧縮着火機関からの排気ガス中の一酸化炭素(CO)及び炭化水素(HC)を処理するための酸化触媒を含むキャタライズド・スート・フィルターであって、
前記酸化触媒が、
白金(Pt)成分、パラジウム(Pd)成分、及びその組み合わせからなる群から選択される白金族金属(PGM)成分、
アルカリ土類金属成分、
ヘテロ原子成分を取り込んでいる改質アルミナを含む担体材料
を含む、キャタライズド・スート・フィルター。 - 前記アルカリ土類金属成分の総量が10−500g/ft3である、請求項1に記載のキャタライズド・スート・フィルター。
- ヘテロ原子成分を取り込んでいる前記改質アルミナが、ヘテロ原子成分でドープされたアルミナ、アルミン酸のアルカリ土類金属塩又はその混合物である、請求項1又は2に記載のキャタライズド・スート・フィルター。
- 前記ヘテロ原子成分が、ケイ素、マグネシウム、バリウム、ランタン、セリウム、チタン、ジルコニウム又はそれらの2つ以上の組み合わせを含む、請求項1から3のいずれか一項に記載のキャタライズド・スート・フィルター。
- ヘテロ原子成分を取り込んでいる前記改質アルミナが、シリカでドープされたアルミナである、請求項1から4のいずれか一項に記載のキャタライズド・スート・フィルター。
- 前記アルミナが0.5−45重量%の量のシリカでドープされる、請求項5に記載のキャタライズド・スート・フィルター。
- ヘテロ原子成分を取り込んでいる前記改質アルミナが、アルミン酸のアルカリ土類金属塩である、請求項1から4のいずれか一項に記載のキャタライズド・スート・フィルター。
- 前記アルミン酸のアルカリ土類金属塩がアルミン酸マグネシウムである、請求項7に記載のキャタライズド・スート・フィルター。
- 前記アルカリ土類金属成分が、マグネシウム(Mg)、カルシウム(Ca)、ストロンチウム(Sr)、バリウム(Ba)又はそれらの2つ以上の組み合わせを含む、請求項1から8のいずれか一項に記載のキャタライズド・スート・フィルター。
- 前記アルカリ土類金属成分がストロンチウム(Sr)又はバリウム(Ba)を含む、請求項9に記載のキャタライズド・スート・フィルター。
- 前記アルカリ土類金属成分がバリウム(Ba)である、請求項9又は10に記載のキャタライズド・スート・フィルター。
- 前記アルカリ土類金属成分が前記担体材料上に担持される、請求項1から11のいずれか一項に記載のキャタライズド・スート・フィルター。
- 少なくとも1つの白金族金属(PGM)成分が前記担体材料上に担持される、請求項1から12のいずれか一項に記載のキャタライズド・スート・フィルター。
- 前記酸化触媒が、前記濾過基材上に配される単一層を含み、前記単一層が、白金(Pt)成分、パラジウム(Pd)成分、及びその組み合わせからなる群から選択される前記白金族金属(PGM)成分、前記アルカリ土類金属成分、並びに前記担体材料を含む、請求項1から13のいずれか一項に記載のキャタライズド・スート・フィルター。
- 前記酸化触媒が2層を含み、第一層が前記濾過基材上に配され、第二層が前記第一層の上に配される、請求項1から13のいずれか一項に記載のキャタライズド・スート・フィルター。
- 前記第一層が、白金(Pt)成分とパラジウム(Pd)成分の組み合わせからなる白金族金属(PGM)成分を含み、且つ前記第二層が、パラジウム(Pd)成分と白金(Pt)成分の組み合わせからなる白金族金属(PGM)成分を含み、前記第一層内の前記白金(Pt)成分と前記パラジウム(Pd)成分の質量比が前記第二層内の前記白金(Pt)成分と前記パラジウム(Pd)成分の質量比とは異なる、請求項15に記載のキャタライズド・スート・フィルター。
- 前記第一層が、Pd成分、及びパラジウム(Pd)成分と白金(Pt)成分の組み合わせからなる群から選択される白金族金属(PGM)成分を含み、前記第二層がPt成分からなる白金族金属(PGM)成分を含む、請求項15に記載のキャタライズド・スート・フィルター。
- 前記第一層が、白金(Pt)成分、及びパラジウム(Pd)成分と白金(Pt)成分の組み合わせからなる群から選択される白金族金属(PGM)成分を含み、且つ前記第二層がパラジウム(Pd)成分からなる白金族(PGM)成分を含む、請求項15に記載のキャタライズド・スート・フィルター。
- 前記第一層が、白金(Pt)成分及びパラジウム(Pd)成分からなる群から選択される白金族(PGM)成分を含み、且つ前記第二層が、パラジウム(Pd)成分と白金(Pt)成分の組み合わせからなる白金族金属(PGM)成分を含む、請求項15に記載のキャタライズド・スート・フィルター。
- 前記第一層及び/又は前記第二層が、それぞれ、アルカリ土類金属成分を含む、請求項15から19のいずれか一項に記載のキャタライズド・スート・フィルター。
- 前記第一層が、ヘテロ原子成分を取り込んでいる改質アルミナを含む前記担体材料を含む、請求項15から20のいずれか一項に記載のキャタライズド・スート・フィルター。
- 前記第一層が第2の担体材料を含む、請求項15から21のいずれか一項に記載のキャタライズド・スート・フィルター。
- 前記第二層が第2の担体材料を含む、請求項15から22のいずれか一項に記載のキャタライズド・スート・フィルター。
- 前記第二層が、ヘテロ原子成分を取り込んでいる改質アルミナを含む前記担体材料を含む、請求項15から23のいずれか一項に記載のキャタライズド・スート・フィルター。
- 前記酸化触媒が、第一ゾーン及び第二ゾーンを前記基材上に横に並んだ配置で含む、請求項1から13のいずれか一項に記載のキャタライズド・スート・フィルター。
- 前記第一ゾーンが、白金(Pt)成分とパラジウム(Pd)成分の組み合わせからなる白金族金属(PGM)成分を含み、且つ前記第二ゾーンが、パラジウム(Pd)成分と白金(Pt)成分の組み合わせからなる白金族金属(PGM)成分を含み、前記第一ゾーン内の前記白金(Pt)成分と前記パラジウム(Pd)成分の質量比が、前記第二ゾーン内の前記白金(Pt)成分と前記パラジウム(Pd)成分の質量比とは異なる、請求項25に記載のキャタライズド・スート・フィルター。
- 前記第一ゾーンが、Pd成分、及びパラジウム(Pd)成分と白金(Pt)成分の組み合わせからなる群から選択される白金族金属(PGM)成分を含み、前記第二ゾーンがPt成分からなる白金族金属(PGM)成分を含む、請求項25に記載のキャタライズド・スート・フィルター。
- 前記第一ゾーンが、白金(Pt)成分、及びパラジウム(Pd)成分と白金(Pt)成分の組み合わせからなる群から選択される白金族金属(PGM)成分を含み、且つ前記第二ゾーンがパラジウム(Pd)成分からなる白金族(PGM)成分を含む、請求項25に記載のキャタライズド・スート・フィルター。
- 前記第一ゾーンが、白金(Pt)成分及びパラジウム(Pd)成分からなる群から選択される白金族(PGM)成分を含み、且つ前記第二ゾーンが、パラジウム(Pd)成分と白金(Pt)成分の組み合わせからなる白金族金属(PGM)成分を含む、請求項25に記載のキャタライズド・スート・フィルター。
- 前記第一ゾーン及び/又は前記第二ゾーンが、それぞれ、アルカリ土類金属成分を含む、請求項25から29のいずれか一項に記載のキャタライズド・スート・フィルター。
- 前記第一ゾーンが、ヘテロ原子成分を取り込んでいる改質アルミナを含む前記担体材料を含む、請求項25から30のいずれか一項に記載のキャタライズド・スート・フィルター。
- 前記第一ゾーンが第2の担体材料を含む、請求項25から31のいずれか一項に記載のキャタライズド・スート・フィルター。
- 前記第二ゾーンが第2の担体材料を含む、請求項25から32のいずれか一項に記載のキャタライズド・スート・フィルター。
- 前記第二ゾーンが、ヘテロ原子成分を取り込んでいる改質アルミナを含む前記担体材料を含む、請求項25から33のいずれか一項に記載のキャタライズド・スート・フィルター。
- 前記濾過基材がセラミックウォールフローフィルターである、請求項1から34のいずれか一項に記載のキャタライズド・スート・フィルター。
- 請求項1から35のいずれか一項に記載のキャタライズド・スート・フィルターを含む圧縮着火機関のための排気システム。
- 請求項25から34のいずれか一項に従属する場合、前記第二ゾーンが、前記第一ゾーンの上流にある、請求項36に記載の排気システム。
- 別々のフロースルー基材モノリス上に配されるディーゼル酸化触媒であって、前記キャタライズド・スート・フィルターの上流に配されるディーゼル酸化触媒を含む、請求項36又は37に記載の排気システム。
- 請求項36から38のいずれか一項に記載の排気システムを含む、圧縮着火機関。
- 請求項39に記載の圧縮着火機関を含む車両。
- 一酸化炭素(CO)及び炭化水素(HC)を酸化し、圧縮着火機関からの排気ガス中のNO2の排出を低減するための請求項1から35のいずれか一項に記載のキャタライズド・スート・フィルターの使用。
- 圧縮着火機関からの排気ガス中の一酸化炭素(CO)及び炭化水素(HC)及びNO2を処理し、前記排気ガスを、請求項1から35のいずれか一項に記載のキャタライズド・スート・フィルターと接触させる工程を含む方法。
- 請求項25から34のいずれか一項に従属する場合、前記排気ガスが前記第一ゾーンの前に前記第二ゾーンに接触する、請求項42に記載の方法。
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Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |