JP2016503344A - 圧縮着火機関の排気ガスを処理するための酸化触媒 - Google Patents
圧縮着火機関の排気ガスを処理するための酸化触媒 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2016503344A JP2016503344A JP2015542362A JP2015542362A JP2016503344A JP 2016503344 A JP2016503344 A JP 2016503344A JP 2015542362 A JP2015542362 A JP 2015542362A JP 2015542362 A JP2015542362 A JP 2015542362A JP 2016503344 A JP2016503344 A JP 2016503344A
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Abstract
Description
第一ゾーンが第二ゾーンに隣接する場合、好ましくは、第一ゾーンは第二ゾーンに接触する。第一ゾーンが第二ゾーンから分離している場合、通常、第一ゾーンと第二ゾーンの間に隙間又は空間がある。
定義
調製方法
アルカリ土類金属成分、及び担体材料としてヘテロ原子成分でドープされたアルミナを含む試料を以下の通り調製した。
触媒活性は、合成ガスベンチ活性試験(SCAT)を用いて求めた。試験される部品は、まずコアドリルを用いて中心を取り除かれ、水熱条件(水10%)を適用してオーブン内で750℃で5時間熟成された。熟成された中心部は、模擬触媒活性試験(SCAT)ガス装置内で表1の入口ガス混合物を用いて試験された。それぞれの場合において、残余分は窒素である。
測定の結果を図1に示す。図1は本発明の触媒の改善された活性を示しており、これらは、担持量150g/ft3で改質アルミナとバリウムの両方を含む。本発明の触媒は、バリウムを含まない比較例の触媒よりも低いCO T50ライトオフ温度を有する。これは、Pt:Pdの質量比が1:2−2:1の範囲の場合に特に顕著である。担体材料としての通常のアルミナ及びバリウムを含む触媒は、通常のアルミナを含みバリウムのない触媒と比べて、改善されたCO T50ライトオフ温度を示さない。
5%シリカでドープされたアルミナ、50g/ft3の総PGM担持量1:1の質量比のPt:Pd、及び様々な量のバリウムを含有する試料は、上述の方法を用いて調製された。CO T50ライトオフ温度も上述の同じ手順を用いて測定された。
調製方法
シリカでをドープしされたアルミナ粉末は、水中でスラリーにされ、d90が20ミクロン未満になるまで粉砕した。酢酸ストロンチウムがスラリーに加えられ、次いで、適量の可溶な白金塩及びパラジウム塩が加えられた。Pt:Pdの質量比は、50g/ft3の総PGM添加量で1:1であった。次に、スラリーを撹拌して均質化した。生じたウォッシュコートは、確立された被膜技術を用いて、1平方インチ当たり400セルを有するコーディエライトフロースルーモノリスに塗布された。部品は乾燥され、500℃でか焼された。CO T50ライトオフ温度も上述の同一の方法を用いて測定された。
調製方法
マグネシウムでドープされたアルミナ粉末は、水中でスラリーにされ、d90が20ミクロン未満になるまで粉砕した。酢酸バリウムがスラリーに加えられ、次いで、適量の可溶な白金塩及びパラジウム塩が加えられた。Pt:Pdの質量比は、50g/ft3の総PGM添加量で2:1であった。次に、スラリーを撹拌して均質化した。生じたウォッシュコートは、確立された被膜技術を用いて、1平方インチ当たり400セルのコーディエライトフロースルーモノリスに塗布された。部品は乾燥され、500℃でか焼された。
調製方法
触媒(5−1)は、酢酸バリウム溶液のインシピエントウェットネス含浸(により調製された。材料は105℃で乾燥された。次に、白金塩及びパラジウム塩の第2の溶液がインシピエントウェットネス含浸により加えられた。生じた材料は105℃で乾燥され、次いで500℃でか焼された。最終的な組成は、Pt0.65重量%、Pd0.35重量%、Ba10重量%であった。
Claims (36)
- 圧縮着火機関からの排気ガス中の一酸化炭素(CO)及び炭化水素(HC)を処理するための酸化触媒を含む圧縮着火機関のための排気システムであって、前記酸化触媒は、
白金(Pt)成分、パラジウム(Pd)成分、及びその組み合わせからなる群から選択される白金族金属(PGM)成分、
アルカリ土類金属成分、
ヘテロ原子成分を取り込んでいる改質アルミナを含む担体材料、及び
基材
を含み、
前記白金族金属(PGM)成分、前記アルカリ土類金属成分及び前記担体材料は、前記基材上に配され、且つ任意選択的に前記アルカリ土類金属成分の総量が10−500g/ft3である、排気システム。 - ヘテロ原子成分を取り込んでいる前記改質アルミナが、ヘテロ原子成分でドープされたアルミナ、アルミン酸のアルカリ土類金属塩又はその混合物である、請求項1に記載の排気システム。
- 前記ヘテロ原子成分が、ケイ素、マグネシウム、バリウム、ランタン、セリウム、チタン、ジルコニウム又はそれらの2つ以上の組み合わせを含む、請求項1又は2に記載の排気システム。
- ヘテロ原子成分を取り込んでいる前記改質アルミナが、シリカでドープされたアルミナであり、且つ任意選択的に、前記アルミナが、0.5−45重量%の量のシリカでドープされる、請求項1から3のいずれか一項に記載の排気システム。
- ヘテロ原子成分を取り込んでいる前記改質アルミナがアルミン酸のアルカリ土類金属塩であり、且つ任意選択的に、前記アルミン酸のアルカリ土類金属塩がアルミン酸マグネシウムである、請求項1から3のいずれか一項に記載の排気システム。
- 前記アルカリ土類金属成分が、マグネシウム(Mg)、カルシウム(Ca)、ストロンチウム(Sr)、バリウム(Ba)又はそれらの2つ以上の組み合わせを含む、請求項1から5のいずれか一項に記載の排気システム。
- 前記アルカリ土類金属成分が、ストロンチウム(Sr)又はバリウム(Ba)、好ましくはバリウム(Ba)を含む、請求項6に記載の排気システム。
- 前記アルカリ土類金属成分が前記担体材料上に担持される、請求項1から7のいずれか一項に記載の排気システム。
- 少なくとも1つの白金族金属(PGM)成分が前記担体材料上に担持される、請求項1から8のいずれか一項に記載の排気システム。
- 前記酸化触媒が、前記基材上に配される単一層を含み、前記単一層が、白金(Pt)成分、パラジウム(Pd)成分、及びその組み合わせからなる群から選択される前記白金族金属(PGM)成分、前記アルカリ土類金属成分、並びに前記担体材料を含む、請求項1から9のいずれか一項に記載の排気システム。
- 前記酸化触媒が2層を含み、第一層が前記基材上に配され、且つ第二層が、前記第一層の上に配される、請求項1から9のいずれか一項に記載の排気システム。
- 前記第一層が、白金(Pt)成分とパラジウム(Pd)成分の組み合わせからなる白金族金属(PGM)成分を含み、且つ前記第二層が、パラジウム(Pd)成分と白金(Pt)成分の組み合わせからなる白金族金属(PGM)成分を含み、前記第一層内の前記白金(Pt)成分と前記パラジウム(Pd)成分の質量比が、前記第二層内の前記白金(Pt)成分と前記パラジウム(Pd)成分の質量比とは異なる、請求項11に記載の排気システム。
- 前記第一層が、Pd成分、及びパラジウム(Pd)成分と白金(Pt)成分の組み合わせからなる群から選択される白金族金属(PGM)成分を含み、前記第二層が、Pt成分からなる白金族金属(PGM)成分を含む、請求項11に記載の排気システム。
- 前記第一層が、白金(Pt)成分、及びパラジウム(Pd)成分と白金(Pt)成分の組み合わせからなる群から選択される白金族金属(PGM)成分を含み、且つ前記第二層が、パラジウム(Pd)成分からなる白金族(PGM)成分を含む、請求項11に記載の排気システム。
- 前記第一層が、白金(Pt)成分及びパラジウム(Pd)成分からなる群から選択される白金族(PGM)成分を含み、且つ前記第二層が、パラジウム(Pd)成分と白金(Pt)成分の組み合わせからなる白金族金属(PGM)成分を含む、請求項11に記載の排気システム。
- 前記第一層及び/又は前記第二層が、それぞれ、アルカリ土類金属成分を含む、請求項11から15のいずれか一項に記載の排気システム。
- 前記第一層が、ヘテロ原子成分を取り込んでいる改質アルミナを含む前記担体材料を含む、請求項11から16のいずれか一項に記載の排気システム。
- 前記第一層が第2の担体材料を含む、請求項11から17のいずれか一項に記載の排気システム。
- 前記第二層が第2の担体材料を含む、請求項11から18のいずれか一項に記載の排気システム。
- 前記第二層が、ヘテロ原子成分を取り込んでいる改質アルミナを含む前記担体材料を含む、請求項11から19のいずれか一項に記載の排気システム。
- 前記酸化触媒が、第一ゾーン及び第二ゾーンを前記基材上に横に並んだ配置で含む、請求項1から9のいずれか一項に記載の排気システム。
- 前記第一ゾーンが、白金(Pt)成分とパラジウム(Pd)成分の組み合わせからなる白金族金属(PGM)成分を含み、且つ前記第二ゾーンが、パラジウム(Pd)成分と。白金(Pt)成分の組み合わせからなる白金族金属(PGM)成分を含み、前記第一ゾーン内の前記白金(Pt)成分と前記パラジウム(Pd)成分の質量比が、前記第二ゾーン内の前記白金(Pt)成分と前記パラジウム(Pd)成分の質量比とは異なる、請求項21に記載の排気システム。
- 前記第一ゾーンが、Pd成分、及びパラジウム(Pd)成分と白金(Pt)成分の組み合わせからなる群から選択される白金族金属(PGM)成分を含み、前記第二ゾーンが、Pt成分からなる白金族金属(PGM)成分を含む、請求項21に記載の排気システム。
- 前記第一ゾーンが、白金(Pt)成分、及びパラジウム(Pd)成分と白金(Pt)成分の組み合わせからなる群から選択される白金族金属(PGM)成分を含み、且つ前記第二ゾーンが、パラジウム(Pd)成分からなる白金族(PGM)成分を含む、請求項21に記載の排気システム。
- 前記第一ゾーンが、白金(Pt)成分及びパラジウム(Pd)成分からなる群から選択される白金族(PGM)成分を含み、且つ前記第二ゾーンが、パラジウム(Pd)成分と白金(Pt)成分の組み合わせからなる白金族金属(PGM)成分を含む、請求項21に記載の排気システム。
- 前記第一ゾーン及び/又は前記第二ゾーンが、それぞれ、アルカリ土類金属成分を含む、請求項21から25のいずれか一項に記載の排気システム。
- 前記第一ゾーンが、ヘテロ原子成分を取り込んでいる改質アルミナを含む前記担体材料を含む、請求項21から26のいずれか一項に記載の排気システム。
- 前記第一ゾーンが第2の担体材料を含む、請求項21から27のいずれか一項に記載の排気システム。
- 前記第二ゾーンが第2の担体材料を含む、請求項21から28のいずれか一項に記載の排気システム。
- 前記第二ゾーンが、ヘテロ原子成分を取り込んでいる改質アルミナを含む前記担体材料を含む、請求項21から29のいずれか一項に記載の排気システム。
- 前記第一ゾーンが前記第二ゾーンの上流にある、請求項21から30のいずれか一項に記載の排気システム。
- 前記第二ゾーンが前記第一ゾーンの上流にある、請求項21から30のいずれか一項に記載の排気システム。
- 圧縮着火機関及び請求項1から32のいずれか一項に記載の前記排気システムを含む車両。
- 圧縮着火機関からの排気ガス中の一酸化炭素(CO)及び炭化水素(HC)を酸化する酸化触媒の使用であって、前記酸化触媒は、
白金(Pt)成分、パラジウム(Pd)成分、及びその組み合わせからなる群から選択される白金族金属(PGM)成分、
アルカリ土類金属成分、
ヘテロ原子成分を取り込んでいる改質アルミナを含む担体材料、及び
基材
を含み、
前記白金族金属(PGM)成分、前記アルカリ土類金属成分及び前記担体材料が前記基材上に配され、且つ任意選択的に前記アルカリ土類金属成分の総量が10−500g/ft3であり、且つ更に任意選択的に、前記酸化触媒が請求項2から32のいずれか一項に定義された通りである、酸化触媒の使用。 - 排気ガスを酸化触媒と接触させる工程を含む、圧縮着火機関からの排気ガス中の一酸化炭素(CO)及び炭化水素(HC)を処理する方法であって、前記酸化触媒が、
白金(Pt)成分、パラジウム(Pd)成分、及びその組み合わせからなる群から選択される白金族金属(PGM)成分、
アルカリ土類金属成分、
ヘテロ原子成分を取り込んでいる改質アルミナを含む担体材料、及び
基材
を含み、
前記白金族金属(PGM)成分、前記アルカリ土類金属成分及び前記担体材料が前記基材上に配され、且つ任意選択的に前記アルカリ土類金属成分の総量が10−500g/ft3であり、且つ更に任意選択的に、前記酸化触媒が請求項2から32のいずれか一項に定義された通りである、方法。 - 白金族金属(PGM)成分、アルカリ土類金属成分、及び担体材料を基材上に配する工程を含む、請求項1から32のいずれか一項に定義された酸化触媒を調製するプロセスであって、前記白金族金属(PGM)成分が、白金(Pt)成分、パラジウム(Pd)成分、及びその組み合わせからなる群から選択され、且つ前記担体材料が、ヘテロ原子成分を取り込んでいる改質アルミナを含む、プロセス。
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