JP2015053271A - 保護装置 - Google Patents
保護装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP2015053271A JP2015053271A JP2014210266A JP2014210266A JP2015053271A JP 2015053271 A JP2015053271 A JP 2015053271A JP 2014210266 A JP2014210266 A JP 2014210266A JP 2014210266 A JP2014210266 A JP 2014210266A JP 2015053271 A JP2015053271 A JP 2015053271A
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- JP
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- Prior art keywords
- metal element
- electrode
- protection device
- substrate
- heat
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 152
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 152
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 78
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 70
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 70
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 46
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 39
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 15
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 15
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 7
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 5
- PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron nitride Chemical compound N#B PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052582 BN Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- PMHQVHHXPFUNSP-UHFFFAOYSA-M copper(1+);methylsulfanylmethane;bromide Chemical compound Br[Cu].CSC PMHQVHHXPFUNSP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 3
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910001174 tin-lead alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910001316 Ag alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Gallium Chemical compound [Ga] GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000978 Pb alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004696 Poly ether ether ketone Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth atom Chemical compound [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium atom Chemical compound [In] APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011133 lead Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229920002530 polyetherether ketone Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- WOCIAKWEIIZHES-UHFFFAOYSA-N ruthenium(iv) oxide Chemical compound O=[Ru]=O WOCIAKWEIIZHES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011135 tin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 2
- KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-6-methylphenol Chemical compound [CH]OC1=CC=CC([CH])=C1O KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PIGFYZPCRLYGLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Aluminum nitride Chemical compound [Al]#N PIGFYZPCRLYGLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000990 Ni alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000008331 Pinus X rigitaeda Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011613 Pinus brutia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000018646 Pinus brutia Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910001260 Pt alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001245 Sb alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001128 Sn alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IHWJXGQYRBHUIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Ag].[Pt] Chemical compound [Ag].[Pt] IHWJXGQYRBHUIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QCEUXSAXTBNJGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Ag].[Sn] Chemical compound [Ag].[Sn] QCEUXSAXTBNJGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PQIJHIWFHSVPMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Cu].[Ag].[Sn] Chemical compound [Cu].[Ag].[Sn] PQIJHIWFHSVPMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LBFKBYSVICSFQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N [In][Sn][Pb][Bi] Chemical compound [In][Sn][Pb][Bi] LBFKBYSVICSFQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OLXNZDBHNLWCNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Pb].[Sn].[Ag] Chemical compound [Pb].[Sn].[Ag] OLXNZDBHNLWCNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004840 adhesive resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006223 adhesive resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002140 antimony alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- GVFOJDIFWSDNOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony tin Chemical compound [Sn].[Sb] GVFOJDIFWSDNOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- YOCUPQPZWBBYIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper nickel Chemical compound [Ni].[Cu] YOCUPQPZWBBYIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005669 field effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011147 inorganic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000623 nickel–chromium alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910000969 tin-silver-copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H5/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal non-electric working conditions with or without subsequent reconnection
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
- H01H85/02—Details
- H01H85/04—Fuses, i.e. expendable parts of the protective device, e.g. cartridges
- H01H85/041—Fuses, i.e. expendable parts of the protective device, e.g. cartridges characterised by the type
- H01H85/0411—Miniature fuses
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
- H01H85/0039—Means for influencing the rupture process of the fusible element
- H01H85/0047—Heating means
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
- H01H85/02—Details
- H01H85/46—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the protective device
- H01H2085/466—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the protective device with remote controlled forced fusing
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H69/00—Apparatus or processes for the manufacture of emergency protective devices
- H01H69/02—Manufacture of fuses
- H01H69/022—Manufacture of fuses of printed circuit fuses
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
- H01H85/0039—Means for influencing the rupture process of the fusible element
- H01H85/0047—Heating means
- H01H85/0065—Heat reflective or insulating layer on the fusible element
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
- H01H85/02—Details
- H01H85/04—Fuses, i.e. expendable parts of the protective device, e.g. cartridges
- H01H85/041—Fuses, i.e. expendable parts of the protective device, e.g. cartridges characterised by the type
- H01H85/046—Fuses formed as printed circuits
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
- H01H85/02—Details
- H01H85/04—Fuses, i.e. expendable parts of the protective device, e.g. cartridges
- H01H85/041—Fuses, i.e. expendable parts of the protective device, e.g. cartridges characterised by the type
- H01H85/048—Fuse resistors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
- H01H85/02—Details
- H01H85/04—Fuses, i.e. expendable parts of the protective device, e.g. cartridges
- H01H85/05—Component parts thereof
- H01H85/055—Fusible members
- H01H85/08—Fusible members characterised by the shape or form of the fusible member
- H01H85/11—Fusible members characterised by the shape or form of the fusible member with applied local area of a metal which, on melting, forms a eutectic with the main material of the fusible member, i.e. M-effect devices
Abstract
Description
Claims (12)
- 基板と、
該基板によって支持された導電部分であって、第1電極と第2電極との間に電気的に接続された金属素子を備え、該金属素子は前記第1および第2電極の融点よりも低い融点を有する犠牲構造として機能する、導電部分と、
前記金属素子と前記基板との間に配置され、前記金属素子の融点よりも低い融点を有し、前記金属素子の融解時の破断を促進する第1補助媒体と、
前記基板の前記金属素子側とは反対側で支持され、少なくとも前記第1補助媒体に熱を与える発熱素子と、
前記金属素子と前記基板との間に配置され、前記発熱素子に結合された電極の延長部分を有する中間支持部と、を備える
保護装置。 - 前記第1補助媒体は前記中間支持部の少なくとも一方の側に配置される、請求項1に記載の保護装置。
- 前記金属素子と前記中間支持部との間に第1中間層を更に備え、該第1中間層は前記金属素子の融点よりも低い第1融点を有する、請求項2に記載の保護装置。
- 前記金属素子と前記第1および第2電極の間に第2中間層を更に備え、該第2中間層は前記第1中間層の融点よりも高い第2融点を有する、請求項3に記載の保護装置。
- 前記第1中間層は前記第1融点を有する第1はんだ材料を備え、前記第2中間層は前記第2融点を有する第2はんだ材料を備える、請求項4に記載の保護装置。
- 前記基板によって支持され、少なくとも前記中間支持部に熱を与える発熱素子を更に備える、請求項2に記載の保護装置。
- 前記発熱素子は、前記金属素子と前記基板との間に支持される、請求項6に記載の保護装置。
- 前記発熱素子は、前記基板の前記金属素子側とは反対側で支持される、請求項6に記載の保護装置。
- 前記発熱素子と、前記第1および第2電極との間に断熱部を更に備え、前記中間支持部への熱伝達速度が、前記第1および第2電極への熱伝達速度よりも高い、請求項6に記載の保護装置。
- 少なくとも前記第1電極は、前記金属素子の方へ延在する突起部を有し、該突起部は融解した前記金属素子と追加的に接触する、請求項1に記載の保護装置。
- 前記中間支持部は、前記金属素子と接触するノッチ構造を備える、請求項1に記載の保護装置。
- 前記基板は前記第1電極および前記第2電極の下方に第1断熱ブロックおよび第2断熱ブロックを備え、前記第1断熱ブロックの熱伝導係数は前記第2断熱ブロックの熱伝導係数よりも大きい、請求項1に記載の保護装置。
Applications Claiming Priority (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
TW98129872A TWI385696B (zh) | 2009-09-04 | 2009-09-04 | 保護元件 |
TW098129872 | 2009-09-04 | ||
TW098129874 | 2009-09-04 | ||
TW98129874A TWI385695B (zh) | 2009-09-04 | 2009-09-04 | 保護元件及其製作方法 |
TW099115506A TWI456617B (zh) | 2010-05-14 | 2010-05-14 | 保護元件及電子裝置 |
TW099115506 | 2010-05-14 |
Related Parent Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2013134048A Division JP5624183B2 (ja) | 2009-09-04 | 2013-06-26 | 保護装置 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JP2015053271A true JP2015053271A (ja) | 2015-03-19 |
JP5923153B2 JP5923153B2 (ja) | 2016-05-24 |
Family
ID=43647601
Family Applications (3)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2010198312A Active JP5351860B2 (ja) | 2009-09-04 | 2010-09-03 | 保護装置 |
JP2013134048A Expired - Fee Related JP5624183B2 (ja) | 2009-09-04 | 2013-06-26 | 保護装置 |
JP2014210266A Active JP5923153B2 (ja) | 2009-09-04 | 2014-09-25 | 保護装置 |
Family Applications Before (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2010198312A Active JP5351860B2 (ja) | 2009-09-04 | 2010-09-03 | 保護装置 |
JP2013134048A Expired - Fee Related JP5624183B2 (ja) | 2009-09-04 | 2013-06-26 | 保護装置 |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US8472158B2 (ja) |
JP (3) | JP5351860B2 (ja) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2019026904A1 (ja) * | 2017-08-01 | 2019-02-07 | ショット日本株式会社 | 保護素子 |
Families Citing this family (19)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US8021788B2 (en) * | 2006-05-22 | 2011-09-20 | Lg Chem, Ltd. | Secondary battery having electrode for improvement of stability during overcharge |
JP5130232B2 (ja) * | 2009-01-21 | 2013-01-30 | デクセリアルズ株式会社 | 保護素子 |
US9025295B2 (en) * | 2009-09-04 | 2015-05-05 | Cyntec Co., Ltd. | Protective device and protective module |
JP5351860B2 (ja) * | 2009-09-04 | 2013-11-27 | 乾坤科技股▲ふん▼有限公司 | 保護装置 |
JP5260592B2 (ja) * | 2010-04-08 | 2013-08-14 | デクセリアルズ株式会社 | 保護素子、バッテリ制御装置、及びバッテリパック |
JP5844669B2 (ja) * | 2012-03-26 | 2016-01-20 | デクセリアルズ株式会社 | 保護素子 |
JP6249600B2 (ja) * | 2012-03-29 | 2017-12-20 | デクセリアルズ株式会社 | 保護素子 |
DE102012211861A1 (de) * | 2012-07-06 | 2014-01-09 | Brose Fahrzeugteile Gmbh & Co. Kg, Würzburg | Schutzvorrichtung und elektrische Antriebsanordnung |
JP6081096B2 (ja) * | 2012-08-01 | 2017-02-15 | デクセリアルズ株式会社 | 保護素子及びバッテリパック |
JP6324684B2 (ja) * | 2013-08-21 | 2018-05-16 | デクセリアルズ株式会社 | 保護素子 |
JP2015041546A (ja) * | 2013-08-22 | 2015-03-02 | デクセリアルズ株式会社 | 保護素子 |
JP6343201B2 (ja) * | 2014-08-04 | 2018-06-13 | デクセリアルズ株式会社 | 短絡素子 |
KR101684083B1 (ko) * | 2015-03-31 | 2016-12-07 | 울산대학교 산학협력단 | 과전류 보호용 마이크로 퓨즈 및 그 제조 방법 |
JP6959964B2 (ja) * | 2016-03-23 | 2021-11-05 | デクセリアルズ株式会社 | 保護素子 |
JP6580504B2 (ja) | 2016-03-23 | 2019-09-25 | デクセリアルズ株式会社 | 保護素子 |
JP7010706B2 (ja) * | 2018-01-10 | 2022-01-26 | デクセリアルズ株式会社 | ヒューズ素子 |
TWI731801B (zh) * | 2020-10-12 | 2021-06-21 | 功得電子工業股份有限公司 | 保護元件及其製作方法 |
JP2022142545A (ja) * | 2021-03-16 | 2022-09-30 | デクセリアルズ株式会社 | 保護素子及びバッテリパック |
JP2023127740A (ja) * | 2022-03-02 | 2023-09-14 | デクセリアルズ株式会社 | 保護素子 |
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JP5624183B2 (ja) | 2014-11-12 |
US20110058295A1 (en) | 2011-03-10 |
JP2011060762A (ja) | 2011-03-24 |
US20130250470A1 (en) | 2013-09-26 |
JP5923153B2 (ja) | 2016-05-24 |
US8675333B2 (en) | 2014-03-18 |
JP5351860B2 (ja) | 2013-11-27 |
JP2013179096A (ja) | 2013-09-09 |
US8472158B2 (en) | 2013-06-25 |
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