JP2014110235A - リチウムイオン二次電池用電解液及びリチウムイオン二次電池 - Google Patents
リチウムイオン二次電池用電解液及びリチウムイオン二次電池 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP2014110235A JP2014110235A JP2012265727A JP2012265727A JP2014110235A JP 2014110235 A JP2014110235 A JP 2014110235A JP 2012265727 A JP2012265727 A JP 2012265727A JP 2012265727 A JP2012265727 A JP 2012265727A JP 2014110235 A JP2014110235 A JP 2014110235A
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- Prior art keywords
- ether
- lithium ion
- ion secondary
- secondary battery
- lithium
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 77
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 77
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 150000002642 lithium compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 125000001153 fluoro group Chemical group F* 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 claims description 61
- -1 dicarboxylic acid anion Chemical class 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 229910003002 lithium salt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 159000000002 lithium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical group [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 11
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- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- LGGCGWDMDWEQLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1,2,2,4,4-heptafluoro-4-(1,1,3,3,4,4,4-heptafluorobutoxy)butane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C(F)(F)CC(F)(F)OC(F)(F)CC(F)(F)C(F)(F)F LGGCGWDMDWEQLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- RPSFZSRVLPIAMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1,2,2-pentafluoro-3-(1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethoxy)propane Chemical compound FC(F)C(F)(F)OCC(F)(F)C(F)(F)F RPSFZSRVLPIAMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- ZYAMKYAPIQPWQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1,2,2-pentafluoro-3-methoxypropane Chemical compound COCC(F)(F)C(F)(F)F ZYAMKYAPIQPWQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- YQQHEHMVPLLOKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoro-1-methoxyethane Chemical compound COC(F)(F)C(F)F YQQHEHMVPLLOKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- CIVGBESMFDRXNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethoxy)butane Chemical compound CCCCOC(F)(F)C(F)F CIVGBESMFDRXNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- DEYAWNMYIUDQER-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethoxy)propane Chemical compound CCCOC(F)(F)C(F)F DEYAWNMYIUDQER-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- MCWPMXPNJVZOTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxin-5-ylboronic acid Chemical group O1CCOC2=C1C=CC=C2B(O)O MCWPMXPNJVZOTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
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- CIMLAZSOXWBTDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methyl-1-(1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethoxy)butane Chemical compound CC(C)CCOC(F)(F)C(F)F CIMLAZSOXWBTDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
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- HBRLMDFVVMYNFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethoxy-1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethane Chemical compound CCOC(F)(F)C(F)F HBRLMDFVVMYNFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- DMECHFLLAQSVAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethoxy-1,1,2,3,3,3-hexafluoropropane Chemical compound CCOC(F)(F)C(F)C(F)(F)F DMECHFLLAQSVAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
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- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- VNXYDFNVQBICRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro-2-methoxypropane Chemical compound COC(C(F)(F)F)C(F)(F)F VNXYDFNVQBICRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
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- ZDCRNXMZSKCKRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 4-(4-bromoanilino)piperidine-1-carboxylate Chemical compound C1CN(C(=O)OC(C)(C)C)CCC1NC1=CC=C(Br)C=C1 ZDCRNXMZSKCKRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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Images
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
- H01M10/0564—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
- H01M10/0566—Liquid materials
- H01M10/0567—Liquid materials characterised by the additives
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
- H01M10/0564—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
- H01M10/0566—Liquid materials
- H01M10/0568—Liquid materials characterised by the solutes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
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- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
- H01M10/0564—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
- H01M10/0566—Liquid materials
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Abstract
【解決手段】上記課題を解決するために、本発明のある観点によれば、ビススルホニルイミド構造を有する第1のリチウム化合物と、ジカルボン酸アニオンが中心原子に配位した錯体アニオンを有する第2のリチウム化合物と、少なくとも一部の水素原子がフッ素原子で置換されたフッ素化エーテルと、を含むことを特徴とする、リチウムイオン二次電池用電解液が提供される。
【選択図】図1
Description
まず、図1に基づいて、本実施形態に係るリチウムイオン二次電池10の構成について説明する。
次に、リチウムイオン二次電池10の製造方法について説明する。正極20は、以下のように製造される。まず、正極活物質、導電剤、及び結着剤を上記の割合で混合したものを、有機溶媒(例えばN−メチル−2−ピロリドン)に分散させることでスラリーを形成する。次いで、スラリーを集電体21上に形成(例えば塗工)し、乾燥させることで、正極活物質層22を形成する。なお、塗工の方法は、特に限定されない。塗工の方法としては、例えば、ナイフコーター法、グラビアコーター法等が考えられる。以下の各塗工工程も同様の方法により行われる。次いで、プレス機により正極活物質層22を上記の範囲内の密度となるようにプレスする。これにより、正極20が製造される。
実施例1リチウムイオン二次電池10を以下のように製造した。正極20については、まず、固溶体酸化物Li1.20Mn0.55Co0.10Ni0.15O290質量部(質量%)、ケッチェンブラック6質量部、ポリフッ化ビニリデン4質量部をN−メチル−2−ピロリドンに分散させることで、スラリーを形成した。次いで、スラリーを集電体21であるアルミニウム集電箔上に塗工し、乾燥させることで、正極活物質層22を形成した。次いで、プレス機により正極活物質層22をプレスすることで、正極活物質層22の密度を2.3g/cm3とした。これにより、正極20を製造した。
実施例1と同様の処理を行うことで、表1に示す組成を有するリチウムイオン二次電池を製造した。表1中、各欄の「−」は、その欄に対応するリチウム化合物を添加しなかったことを意味する。また、「DEC」はジエチルカーボネートを意味する。
つぎに、サイクル試験を行った。具体的には、電池電圧が4.55Vとなるまで3mA/cm2で定電流定電圧充電を行い、電池電圧が2.00Vとなるまで定電流放電を行う充放電サイクルを100サイクル行った。また、サイクル毎に放電容量を測定した。1サイクル目の放電容量を初期容量とし、100サイクル目の放電容量を初期容量で除算した値を容量維持率とした。なお、上記の試験はすべて45℃の温度環境下で行われた。放電容量の測定は、TOSCAT3000 東洋システム株式会社により行われた。評価結果を表1に示す。
次に、本発明者は、各リチウム化合物の添加量とサイクル寿命との相関関係を確認するために、実施例11〜17に係るリチウムイオン二次電池10を製造した。具体的には、Li(FSO2)2N及びLiPF2(C2O4)2の添加量を変更した他は、実施例1と同様の処理を行った。また、サイクル試験も実施例1と同様に行った。リチウムイオン二次電池10の組成及び評価結果を表2に示す。
本発明者は、第1のリチウム化合物及び第2のリチウム化合物の含有比に制限がないことを確認するために、実施例18を行った。具体的には、本発明者は、Li(FSO2)2Nの含有比を1質量%に固定した上でLiPF2(C2O4)2の添加量を0.01質量%から4質量%までの範囲で振った他は、実施例1と同様の処理を行った。さらに、本発明者は、LiPF2(C2O4)2の含有比を1質量%に固定した上でLi(FSO2)2Nの含有比を0.01質量%から10質量%までの範囲で振った他は、実施例1と同様の処理を行った。この結果、いずれのリチウムイオン二次電池においても、比較例よりもサイクル寿命が向上することを確認した。すなわち、本発明者は、電解液への添加剤の添加量として許容される範囲内であれば、どのような含有比であってもサイクル寿命が向上することを確認した。
本発明者は、負極活物質の種類によらずサイクル寿命が向上することを確認するために、実施例19〜22に係るリチウムイオン二次電池10、及び比較例6〜8に係るリチウムイオン二次電池を製造した。具体的には、本発明者は、負極活物質を人造黒鉛97.5質量%、及びポリフッ化ビニリデン2.5質量%で構成し、かつ、電解液の組成を表3に示すものとした他は、実施例1と同様の処理を行った。本発明者は、サイクル寿命も実施例1と同様に評価した。
本発明者は、フッ素化エーテルの含有比が上記実施形態の範囲内であればサイクル寿命が向上することを確認するために、実施例23〜26に係るリチウムイオン二次電池10を製造した。具体的には、本発明者は、フッ素化エーテルの含有比を表4に示す値にした他は、実施例1と同様の処理を行った。本発明者は、サイクル寿命も実施例1と同様に評価した。
20 正極
30 負極
40 セパレータ
41 基材
41a 第1の気孔
42 多孔質層
42a 第2の気孔
43 電解液
Claims (10)
- ビススルホニルイミド構造を有する第1のリチウム化合物と、
ジカルボン酸アニオンが中心原子に配位した錯体アニオンを有する第2のリチウム化合物と、
少なくとも一部の水素原子がフッ素原子で置換されたフッ素化エーテルと、を含むことを特徴とする、リチウムイオン二次電池用電解液。 - 前記ジカルボン酸アニオンはシュウ酸アニオンまたはマロン酸アニオンであり、
前記中心原子はホウ素またはリンであることを特徴とする、請求項1または2記載のリチウムイオン二次電池用電解液。 - 前記第1のリチウム化合物の含有比は、0.2質量%以上5.0質量%以下であることを特徴とする、請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載のリチウムイオン二次電池用電解液。
- 前記第2のリチウム化合物の含有比は、0.2質量%以上2.0質量%以下であることを特徴とする、請求項1〜5のいずれか1項に記載のリチウムイオン二次電池用電解液。
- 前記フッ素化エーテルは、2,2,2−トリフルオロエチルメチルエーテル、2,2,2−トリフルオロエチルジフルオロメチルエーテル、2,2,3,3,3−ペンタフルオロプロピルメチルエーテル、2,2,3,3,3−ペンタフルオロプロピルジフルオロメチルエーテル、2,2,3,3,3−ペンタフルオロプロピル−1,1,2,2−テトラフルオロエチルエーテル、1,1,2,2−テトラフルオロエチルメチルエーテル、1,1,2,2−テトラフルオロエチルエチルエーテル、1,1,2,2−テトラフルオロエチルプロピルエーテル、1,1,2,2−テトラフルオロエチルブチルエーテル、1,1,2,2−テトラフルオロエチルイソブチルエーテル、1,1,2,2−テトラフルオロエチルイソペンチルエーテル、1,1,2,2−テトラフルオロエチル−2,2,2−トリフルオロエチルエーテル、1,1,2,2−テトラフルオロエチル−2,2,3,3−テトラフルオロプロピルエーテル、ヘキサフルオロイソプロピルメチルエーテル、1,1,3,3,3−ペンタフルオロ−2−トリフルオロメチルプロピルメチルエーテル、1,1,2,3,3,3−ヘキサフルオロプロピルメチルエーテル、1,1,2,3,3,3−ヘキサフルオロプロピルエチルエーテル、及び2,2,3,4,4,4−ヘキサフルオロブチルジフルオロメチルエーテルからなる群から選択されることを特徴とする、請求項1〜6のいずれか1項に記載のリチウムイオン二次電池用電解液。
- 前記電解液は、前記フッ素化エーテルを、前記電解液の溶媒の総体積に対して30〜60体積%含むことを特徴とする、請求項1〜7のいずれか1項に記載のリチウムイオン二次電池用電解液。
- 前記電解液は、LiPF6、LiClO4、LiBF4、LiAsF6、及びLiSbF6からなる群から選択されるいずれか1種類以上のリチウム塩を含むことを特徴とする、請求項1〜8のいずれか1項に記載のリチウムイオン二次電池用電解液。
- 請求項1〜9のいずれか1項に記載のリチウムイオン二次電池用電解液を含むことを特徴とする、リチウムイオン二次電池。
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KR20140071870A (ko) | 2014-06-12 |
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KR101854718B1 (ko) | 2018-06-14 |
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