JP2013028065A - 積層シート、積層シートを貼り付けた部品およびその製造方法 - Google Patents
積層シート、積層シートを貼り付けた部品およびその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2013028065A JP2013028065A JP2011165439A JP2011165439A JP2013028065A JP 2013028065 A JP2013028065 A JP 2013028065A JP 2011165439 A JP2011165439 A JP 2011165439A JP 2011165439 A JP2011165439 A JP 2011165439A JP 2013028065 A JP2013028065 A JP 2013028065A
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- Prior art keywords
- meth
- laminated sheet
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- layer
- acrylate
- Prior art date
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- DRDVZXDWVBGGMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc;sulfide Chemical compound [S-2].[Zn+2] DRDVZXDWVBGGMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- C09J2433/006—Presence of (meth)acrylic polymer in the substrate
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Abstract
【解決手段】積層シートは、最表面に配置される表面層と、加熱成形性を有する樹脂層と、前記基材に接着される接着層とを含み、表面層が、炭素数1〜4のアルキル基を有するアルキル(メタ)アクリレートと、式(1):
CH2=CR1COR2 (1)
(式中、R1は水素原子またはメチル基、R2は、炭素数5以上のアルコキシ基、炭素数5以上のシクロアルコキシ基、ヒドロキシル基、および含窒素基からなる群より選択される)で表される1種以上の(メタ)アクリルモノマーとを含むモノマー混合物を共重合してなる(メタ)アクリル共重合体を含む。
【選択図】図1
Description
CH2=CR1COR2 (1)
(式中、R1は水素原子またはメチル基、R2は、炭素数5以上のアルコキシ基、炭素数5以上のシクロアルコキシ基、ヒドロキシル基、および含窒素基からなる群より選択される)で表される1種以上の(メタ)アクリルモノマーとを含むモノマー混合物を共重合してなる(メタ)アクリル共重合体を含む、積層シートが提供される。
CH2=CR1COR2 (1)
(式中、R1は水素原子またはメチル基、R2は、ヒドロキシル基、および含窒素基からなる群より選択される)で表される1種以上の(メタ)アクリルモノマーを含めることにより、追加の接着層を使用せずに、表面層を加熱成形性を有する樹脂層と直接接触させて高い接着力で接合することができる。そのため、積層シートを構成する層の数を少なくすることができ、形状追従性に優れたより薄い積層シートを従来のものより低コストで提供することができる。
CH2=CR1COR2 (1)
(式中、R1は水素原子またはメチル基、R2は、炭素数5以上のアルコキシ基、および炭素数5以上のシクロアルコキシ基からなる群より選択される)で表される1種以上の(メタ)アクリルモノマーを含めることにより、例えば、部品の塗装工程において溶媒として使用されるエタノール、可塑剤であるジオクチルフタレート(DOP)などの化学物質に対する耐薬品性に優れた最表面層を有する積層シートを提供することができる。
CH2=CR1COR2 (1)
(式中、R1は水素原子またはメチル基、R2は、炭素数5以上のアルコキシ基、炭素数5以上のシクロアルコキシ基、ヒドロキシル基、および含窒素基からなる群より選択される)で表される1種以上の(メタ)アクリルモノマーとを含むモノマー混合物を共重合してなる(メタ)アクリル共重合体を含む。
CH2=CR1COR2 (1)
(式中、R1は水素原子またはメチル基、R2は、炭素数5以上のアルコキシ基、炭素数5以上のシクロアルコキシ基、ヒドロキシル基、および含窒素基からなる群より選択される)で表される1種以上の(メタ)アクリルモノマーとを含むモノマー混合物を共重合することによって得られる。(メタ)アクリル共重合体の調製には、溶液ラジカル重合法などの溶液重合法、懸濁重合法、乳化重合法、塊状重合法などを使用することができる。例えば、酢酸エチルなどの溶媒中で、上記モノマー混合物を重合開始剤と混合し、所定温度に加熱し、重合を行うことによって、(メタ)アクリル共重合体を得ることができる。重合開始剤としては、過酸化ベンゾイル、ラウロイルパーオキシド、ビス(4−tert−ブチルシクロヘキシル)パーオキシジカーボネートのような有機過酸化物や、2,2’−アゾビスイソブチロニトリル、2,2’−アゾビス−2−メチルブチロニトリル、4,4’−アゾビス−4−シアノバレリアン酸、2,2’−アゾビス(2−メチルプロピオン酸)ジメチル、アゾビス−2,4−ジメチルバレロ二トリル(AVN)などのアゾ系重合開始剤を使用することができる。重合開始剤の使用量は、モノマー混合物100質量部あたり、0.05〜5質量部とすることができる。
メチルメタクリレート(Tg=105℃)、tert−ブチルメタクリレート(Tg=107℃)、シクロヘキシルメタクリレート(Tg=83℃)、イソボルニルメタクリレート(Tg=155℃)、イソボルニルアクリレート(Tg=94℃)、ジシクロペンテニルアクリレート(Tg=120℃)、ジシクロペンタニルアクリレート(Tg=120℃)、ジシクロペンタニルメタクリレート(Tg=175℃)
メチルアクリレート(Tg=8℃)、エチルアクリレート(Tg=−22℃)、ブチルアクリレート(Tg=−56℃)、イソブチルアクリレート(Tg=−26℃)、tert−ブチルアクリレート(Tg=41℃)、イソアミルアクリレート(Tg=−45℃)、シクロヘキシルアクリレート(Tg=15℃)、2−エチルヘキシルアクリレート(Tg=−70℃)、ラウリルアクリレート(Tg=−3℃)、エチルメタクリレート(Tg=65℃)、ブチルメタクリレート(Tg=20℃)、イソブチルメタアクリレート(Tg=48℃)、2−エチルヘキシルメタアクリレート(Tg=−10℃)、ラウリルメタクリレート(Tg=−65℃)、2−メトキシエチルアクリレート(Tg=−50℃)、エチルカルビトールアクリレート(Tg=−67℃)、テトラヒドロフルフリルアクリレート(Tg=−12℃)、テトラヒドロフルフリルメタクリレート(Tg=60℃)、ベンジルアクリレート(Tg=6℃)、ベンジルメタクリレート(Tg=54℃)、フェノキシエチルアクリレート(Tg=−22℃)
CH2=CR3COOR4 (2)
(式中、R3は水素またはメチル基であり、R4は直鎖、分岐または環状のアルキル基、フェニル基、アルコキシアルキル基、フェノキシアルキル基などである。)で表されるものを主成分として使用するが、その他、スチレン、α−メチルスチレン、ビニルトルエンなどの芳香族ビニルモノマー、酢酸ビニルなどのビニルエステルなどを使用することもできる。このようなモノマーとしては、例えば、メチル(メタ)アクリレート、エチル(メタ)アクリレート、n−ブチル(メタ)アクリレート、イソブチル(メタ)アクリレート、tert−ブチル(メタ)アクリレート、n−ヘキシル(メタ)アクリレート、イソアミル(メタ)アクリレート、シクロヘキシル(メタ)アクリレート、2−エチルヘキシル(メタ)アクリレート、イソオクチル(メタ)アクリレート、イソノニル(メタ)アクリレート、イソボルニル(メタ)アクリレート、ジシクロペンタニル(メタ)アクリレート、デシル(メタ)アクリレート、ラウリル(メタ)アクリレートなどのアルキル(メタ)アクリレート、フェノキシエチル(メタ)アクリレートなどのフェノキシアルキル(メタ)アクリレート、メトキシプロピル(メタ)アクリレートや2−メトキシブチル(メタ)アクリレートなどのアルコキシアルキル(メタ)アクリレートなどを使用でき、所望のガラス転移点、接着性、熱間接着性、熱間保持力などを得るために、その目的に応じて適宜1種または2種以上を使用することができる。モノエチレン性不飽和モノマーは、アルキル(メタ)アクリレート(アルキル基の好ましい炭素数は1〜12である)が好ましい。
MMA:メチルメタクリレート(三菱レイヨン株式会社製、製品名:アクリエステルM)
BMA:n−ブチルメタクリレート(三菱レイヨン株式会社製、製品名:アクリエステルB)
MAA:メタクリル酸(三菱レイヨン株式会社製)
DMAA:N,N−ジメチルアクリルアミド(株式会社興人製)
HEMA:2−ヒドロキシエチルメタクリレート(三菱レイヨン株式会社製、製品名:アクリエステルHISS)
CHMA:シクロヘキシルメタアクリレート(三菱レイヨン株式会社製、製品名:アクリエステルCH)
2EHMA:2−エチルヘキシルメタアクリレート(三菱レイヨン株式会社製、製品名:アクリエステルEH)
STMA:ステアリルメタアクリレート(三菱レイヨン株式会社製、製品名:アクリエステルS)
IBX:イソボルニルメタアクリレート(三菱レイヨン株式会社製、製品名:アクリエステルIBX)
NCO:イソシアネート架橋剤(旭化成株式会社製、製品名:デュラネートTPA−100)
Epoxy:エポキシ架橋剤(綜研化学株式会社製、製品名:E−5XM)
例1の積層シートは、以下の手順で作製した。
重合体のガラス転移点(Tg)の設定は、下記のFox式(Fox, T. G., Bull. Am. Phys. Soc., 1, in 1956, p. 123)に従い、共重合体を構成するモノマーの質量比率を設定することにより行なった。
例1と同様の手順で各例の積層シートを作製した。各例においてシートAの作製、すなわち表面層の作製における、MMA、BMA、MAA、N,N−ジメチルアクリルアミド(DMAA)、HEMA、シクロヘキシルメタクリレート(CHMA)、2−エチルヘキシルメタクリレート(2EHMA)、ステアリルメタクリレート(STMA)、およびイソボルニルメタクリレート(IBX)の質量部比率、および表面層のガラス転移点(Tg)を表1および2に示す。例4では架橋剤としてNCOの代わりにエポキシ架橋剤(Epoxy)を、(メタ)アクリル共重合体溶液に、固形質量比として100gに対し15.0mmolとなるように混合した。例10および16では、(メタ)アクリル共重合体に対する架橋剤(NCO)の混合比を表2に示すとおり変化させた。
例18の積層シートは、表面層を含むシートA’、加熱成形性を有する樹脂層を含むシートB’、および接着層を含むシートC’の3つのシートを以下の条件で準備し、これらを貼り合わせることで作製した。
例1と同様の手順で積層シートを作製した。ただし、表1に示すとおり、表面層の(メタ)アクリル共重合体を作製する際にMMAを97質量部、HEMAを3質量部とし、MAAを使用しなかった。
各例および比較例の積層シートは、以下の方法で、(1)密着性、(2)熱間押し跡回復性、(3)延伸率、および(4)耐薬品性について評価を行った。
積層シートの表面層をカバーしているPETシート(支持シート)および接着層をカバーしているPETフィルム(剥離シート)を剥離した後、真空加熱成形装置を用いて135℃にて接着層面を厚み2mmのABS樹脂板(コーティングテスター工業社製)に貼り付ける。フィルム表面にカッターナイフで直交する縦横11本ずつの1mm間隔の平行線を引いて100個のます目ができるように碁盤目状の切り傷を付ける。室温で粘着テープ(ニチバンセロテープ(登録商標))をこの部分に密着させ、テープの一端を持ち、上方に急激に剥がして剥がれの有無を確認する。100個のます目が一つも剥がれなかったものを「OK」とし、一つ以上剥がれたものを「NG」とする。
積層シートの接着層をカバーしているPETフィルム(剥離シート)を剥離した後、接着層面を厚み2mmのABS樹脂板(コーティングテスター工業社製)に135℃で貼り付け、表面層をカバーしているPETフィルム(支持シート)を剥離した後、80℃で10分、さらに100℃で10分養生を行ったものを試験サンプルとして用いる。60℃環境にてサンプルの上に薬局ガーゼを5枚重ねてその上に1kgの錘を置き、1時間後に錘と薬局ガーゼを取り除いて、試験サンプル表面にガーゼの押し跡が残っているかどうかを目視で確認する。結果は以下の2段階で評価する。
OK:ガーゼの押し跡が確認されない。
NG:ガーゼの押し跡が部分的乃至全面に残っている。
試料の縦方向および横方向からISO34の引張り試験片ダンベル2号型を3枚ずつ打ち抜き、試験片の長さ方向の中央に40mm間隔の標線を記入する。この試験片を引張り試験機に取り付け、温度を120℃として200mm/分の速度で引張り、試験片が破断に至るまでの破断時の標線間距離を測定して延伸率を算出する。
延伸率(%)=(破断時の標線間距離(mm)−40)/40×100
試験片の上に内径38mm、高さ15mmのポリエチレン製円筒を置き、ゴムバンドまたは他の適当な圧着器で試験片に強く密着させ、その開口部に試験液を5mL滴下する。開口部にガラス板またはポリエチレン板で蓋をする。所定の温度および時間放置した後、圧着器を取り外す。試験板を水洗し拭き取った後、試験液を滴下した面の状態(変色、つや、しわ、割れ、ふくれ、剥がれなど)を観察する。外観に変化が見られなかったものをOK、変化があったものをNGとする。使用した薬品および試験条件は以下のとおりである。
50%エタノール(EtOH):55℃×4時間
ジオクチルフタレート(DOP):80℃×72時間
110 表面層
111 下地表面層
112 三次元構造を有する表面層
113 印刷層
120 加熱成形性を有する樹脂層
130 接着層
140 第2接着層
150 加飾層
160 金属層
200 剥離シート
300 支持シート
400 部品
410 基材
510 真空加熱圧着装置
511 第1真空室
512 第2真空室
513 積層シート
514 基材
515 台座
516 昇降台
517 仕切り板
518 基材裏面
Claims (12)
- 基材に貼り付ける積層シートであって、最表面に配置される表面層と、加熱成形性を有する樹脂層と、前記基材に接着される接着層とを含み、前記表面層が、炭素数1〜4のアルキル基を有するアルキル(メタ)アクリレートと、式(1):
CH2=CR1COR2 (1)
(式中、R1は水素原子またはメチル基、R2は、炭素数5以上のアルコキシ基、炭素数5以上のシクロアルコキシ基、ヒドロキシル基、および含窒素基からなる群より選択される)で表される1種以上の(メタ)アクリルモノマーとを含むモノマー混合物を共重合してなる(メタ)アクリル共重合体を含む、積層シート。 - 式(1)のR2がヒドロキシル基または含窒素基であり、前記表面層が前記樹脂層と直接接触している、請求項1に記載の積層シート。
- 前記樹脂層が水系ポリウレタン樹脂を含む、請求項2に記載の積層シート。
- 式(1)のR2が炭素数5以上のアルコキシ基または炭素数5以上のシクロアルコキシ基である、請求項1に記載の積層シート。
- 前記モノマー混合物が水酸基含有モノマーをさらに含み、前記表面層が、一分子に2以上のイソシアネート基を有するイソシアネート化合物で架橋された前記(メタ)アクリル共重合体を含む、請求項1〜4のいずれか一項に記載の積層シート。
- 120℃で300面積%以上の延伸性を有する、請求項1〜5のいずれか一項に記載の積層シート。
- 前記表面層と前記接着層の間に加飾層または金属層の少なくとも1層をさらに含む、請求項1〜6のいずれか一項に記載の積層シート。
- 真空加熱圧着法による基材への貼り付けに使用される、請求項1〜7のいずれか一項に記載の積層シート。
- 基材を有する部品の前記基材表面に、請求項1〜8のいずれか一項に記載の積層シートを真空加熱圧着法で貼り付ける工程を含む、部品の製造方法。
- 前記積層シートを少なくとも部分的に300面積%以上延伸する、請求項9に記載の部品の製造方法。
- 基材を有する部品の前記基材表面に、請求項1〜8のいずれか一項に記載の積層シートが貼り付けられた部品。
- 自動車外装品または自動車内装品である、請求項11に記載の部品。
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JP2011165439A JP5933940B2 (ja) | 2011-07-28 | 2011-07-28 | 積層シート、積層シートを貼り付けた部品およびその製造方法 |
KR1020147004784A KR101978533B1 (ko) | 2011-07-28 | 2012-07-27 | 박층화 시트, 박층화 시트가 부착된 부품, 및 그 생산 공정 |
US14/233,231 US20140322529A1 (en) | 2011-07-28 | 2012-07-27 | Laminated sheet, part affixed with laminated sheet, and process for production thereof |
PCT/US2012/048458 WO2013016605A2 (en) | 2011-07-28 | 2012-07-27 | Laminated sheet, part affixed with laminated sheet, and process for production thereof |
CN201280036652.XA CN103703091B (zh) | 2011-07-28 | 2012-07-27 | 层合片材、与层合片材附连的部件及其制备方法 |
EP12762688.5A EP2736992B1 (en) | 2011-07-28 | 2012-07-27 | Laminated sheet, part affixed with laminated sheet, and process for production thereof |
BR112014001935-5A BR112014001935A2 (pt) | 2011-07-28 | 2012-07-27 | folha laminada, parte afixada com folha laminada, e processo para produção das mesmas |
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JP2016078278A (ja) * | 2014-10-14 | 2016-05-16 | 日本Iac株式会社 | 自動車内装品の製造方法及び製造装置 |
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JP2016203436A (ja) * | 2015-04-17 | 2016-12-08 | 共和レザー株式会社 | 合成樹脂表皮材、その製造方法及び合成樹脂表皮材を用いた成形体 |
JP2019051681A (ja) * | 2017-09-19 | 2019-04-04 | 藤森工業株式会社 | 成形体の製造方法 |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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CN103703091A (zh) | 2014-04-02 |
WO2013016605A3 (en) | 2013-07-18 |
BR112014001935A2 (pt) | 2017-06-13 |
KR101978533B1 (ko) | 2019-05-14 |
CN103703091B (zh) | 2016-04-06 |
EP2736992B1 (en) | 2022-07-13 |
JP5933940B2 (ja) | 2016-06-15 |
EP2736992A2 (en) | 2014-06-04 |
WO2013016605A2 (en) | 2013-01-31 |
US20140322529A1 (en) | 2014-10-30 |
KR20140063630A (ko) | 2014-05-27 |
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