JP2012502920A - 動物の健康を向上するためにバチルス・ズブチリス株を使用する方法 - Google Patents
動物の健康を向上するためにバチルス・ズブチリス株を使用する方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
[0001] 本出願は、米国特許法第119条(e)により、2008年9月17日出願の米国特許仮出願第61/192,436号の優先権を主張するものである。前記の出願は、参照によりその全体が本明細書に組み込まれる。
実施例
Kirby−Bauerおよび最低阻害濃度(MIC)法を用いて、クロストリジウム(クロストリジウム・ペルフリンゲンスATCC13124、およびクロストリジウム・ペルフリンゲンスの2つの環境単離物)、リステリア(リステリア・モンサイトゲネスATCC19116および19111、リステリア・ゼーリゲリATCC35968およびリステリア・ウェルシメリATCC35897)、サルモネラ(サルモネラ・エンテリカATCC10398、サルモネラ・アリゾネATCC13314およびサルモネラ・ボンゴリATCC43975)および大腸菌に対する抗微生物活性について、QST713の無細胞調製物を試験した。
バチルス・ズブチリスQST713の粉末調合物を、以下の細菌の多様な環境単離物に対する有効性について試験した:クロストリジウム・ペルフリンゲンス、大腸菌、サモネラ(Samonella)・エンテリティディス、カンピロバクター・ジェジュニおよびリステリア・モノサイトゲネス。「発明を実施するための形態」において前述したように、バチルス・ズブチリスQST713を発酵させ、発酵ブロスを濃縮し乾燥させることにより、この粉末調合物を調製した。この調合物は、14.6%の濃縮乾燥ブロスおよび85.4%の不活性調合物(前述の候補から選択)を有し、1グラム当たりバチルス・ズブチリス最低およそ7.3×109CFU、および1グラム当たりバチルス・ズブチリス最高およそ1×1010CFUを含有していた。この調合物を、本明細書においては組成物1と呼ぶものとする。溶液が1ml当たりバチルス・ズブチリスおよそ1×109CFUを含有するように、調合粉末0.2グラムを滅菌済蒸留水1.8mlに加えることにより、組成物1のストック溶液を調製した。5%ヒツジ血液を加えたトリプチカーゼ大豆寒天に試験生物を画線し、寒天プレートを二分する単一の線の中で単一の寒天プレートそれぞれに最大4つの生物を画線した。この生物を一晩乾燥させた。次に、播種したプレートに、前述の調合済QST713の懸濁液を画線し、これを試験生物に垂直に塗布した。クロストリジウム・ペルフリンゲンスおよびカンピロバクター・ジェジュニの単離物をCampyガス雰囲気(10%CO2、5%O2、8%N2)中で41±2℃にて一晩インキュベートした。他の単離物(これらは好気性である)を36±2で一晩、Campyガスの不在下でインキュベートした。QST713は、クロストリジウム・ペルフリンゲンス、サルモネラ・エンテリティディス、カンピロバクター・ジェジュニおよびリステリア・モノサイトゲネスの単離物のいくつかを阻害したが、大腸菌は阻害しなかった。加えて、いくつかのケースでは、バチルス・ズブチリスQST713は、病原性細菌の攻撃的な競合的過剰増殖を示した。結果を下記の表にまとめる。表において報告した阻害域を、バチルス増殖体の端から試験生物の増殖体の開始部分までを測定した。加えて、クロストリジウム・ペルフリンゲンスおよびカンピロバクター・ジェジュニのプレートの写真を、図7および8にそれぞれ示す。
組成物1をブロイラー鶏の幼動物用および仕上げ用飼料に加え、体重増加および飼料効率を観察した。252羽のJumbo Cornish Crossブロイラーの雛をランダムに4群に分け、下記に列挙する食餌の1つを与えた。
・基礎食のみ:対照
・基礎食+0.05%CALSPORIN(登録商標)(0.5g/kg、106CFU/g)(追って記載の表ではCSと表記)
・基礎食+0.05%組成物1(0.5g/kg、106CFU/g)(追って記載の表では組成物1−106と表記)
・基礎食+0.0005%組成物1(0.5mg/kg、103CFU/g)(追って記載の表では組成物1−103と表記)
以下の幼動物用飼料から成る基礎食を1〜22日目の間、以下の仕上げ飼料を22〜42日目の間。
動物用飼料のペレット化工程中のバチルス・ズブチリスQST713の安定性を定量するため、組成物1を含有する動物用飼料ペレットを調製し、多様な温度で試料を試験した。対照飼料は、表6に示す原料を含有し、実験用飼料には8%組成物1を添加した。
飼料ペレットフォームでのQST713を用いた試行を、養豚場における750匹のブタを用いて実行した。標準的な工程により、ペレット化に先立ち組成物1を飼料に加えた。標準的なペレット化工程の前後のQST713のCFUの試験は、前述の実施例4において得られた結果と一致し、QST713のCFUは、ペレット化後、劇的に減少しないことが示された。
飼料添加物として組成物1を用いた試行を、敷料床鶏舎1つ当たり50羽のブロイラー鶏、1処置当たり鶏舎6つを用いて実施した。家禽用の標準的な飼料(他のプロバイオティクスまたは抗生物質を含有しない)に、飼料1トン当たり組成物1が91グラム(およそ6.64×1011CFU/トン)の比率で組成物1を加えた。対照群の1つおよび組成物1を添加した飼料を投与された鳥の群に、試験の19日目、20日目および21日目にクロストリジウム・ペルフリンゲンスを接種した。試験期間を通して体重を記録し、これを下記の表8に示す。飼料効率を定量し、下記の表9に飼料転換率として報告した。飼料転換率は、死亡し取り除かれた鳥の体重で調節した。試験の22日目、各鶏舎から5羽の鳥を選別し、屠殺し、計量し、壊死性腸炎(NE)病変の存在程度について調べた。NEの評価付けは、0〜3の評価尺度(0は正常、3は最も重症)に基づくものであった。表8および9においては、異なる上付き文字を有するカラム内の平均値には有意差がある(P<.05)。SEMは、LSMEANSの標準誤差である。
バチルス・ズブチリスQST713の第2の調合物を用いて、成長成績の改善を試験するために試行を実施する。この粉末調合物は、この組成物が、細胞(主に胞子および数種の栄養細胞)から本質的に構成されるように、発酵させ、発酵ブロスを濃縮し、これを乾燥させ透析濾過工程により洗浄して、残存する発酵培地および代謝産物を除去することにより調製される(すべて前述のとおり)。この組成物は、14.6%の濃縮乾燥洗浄した培養物および85.4%の不活性調合物(「発明を実施するための形態」において前述した候補から選択)および1グラム当たり約1.0×1010CFUのバチルス・ズブチリスを含有し、本明細書においてはこれを組成物2と呼ぶものとする。実施例3〜6に記載の試行における組成物1を組成物2に置き換え、結果は、組成物1で達成されたものと同じであることが期待される。
組成物1を試験して、海水およびNaCl中での生存率を定量した。人工的な海水を、10ppt、30ppt、50pptの3種類の濃度で、1つの濃度当たり25mlの試験管4本調製した。3種類の濃度のNaCl(1%、3%および5%)を加えて、栄養ブロスを、1つの濃度当たり25mlの試験管4本調製した。播種に先立ちオートクレーブすることにより、海水および栄養ブロスを両方とも滅菌した。組成物1の懸濁液0.5gをDI水10mlに溶解することにより作製した。この懸濁液のアリコット(0.5ml)を、3種類の濃度の海水およびブロスのそれぞれの中に播種した。試験管には107cfu/ml超(cfu=コロニー形成単位)が入っていると推定された。1%栄養ブロスおよび1%NaClの希釈ボトルを調製し(1ボトル当たり99ml)、オートクレーブすることにより滅菌した。製造者の使用説明書により栄養寒天を調製した;プレート計数試験用に15×100mmのプレート(1試験当たり1つのプレートプラス播種していない対照)を調製した。
約14グラムのニジマスを、それぞれ魚20尾ずつの2群に分ける。対照群には標準的な魚用飼料を与え、処置群には、魚用飼料と、飼料1グラム当たり1×106CFUのバチルス・ズブチリスQST713を投与する。処置群は、対照群と比較して体重の増加を示すことが期待される。
ペナエダエ(Penaedae)科およびテナガエビ科のエビおよび中エビの公知の病原菌に対するQST713の阻害作用を定量するために、養殖エビから単離される3つの病原性細菌:腸炎ビブリオ菌、V.アルギノリティカスおよびV.ブルニイフィカス、ならびにエビ由来の病原性真菌フザリウム・ソラニに対して組成物1および2を試験する。調合粉末0.2グラムを滅菌済蒸留水1.8mlに加えることにより、各溶液が、1ml当たり約1×109CFUのバチルス・ズブチリスを含有するように、組成物1および組成物2のストック溶液を調製する。
Claims (26)
- 昆虫以外およびヒト以外の動物の健康を向上させる方法であって、バチルス・ズブチリスQST713またはバチルス・ズブチリスQST713の変異体を含む組成物を、前記昆虫以外およびヒト以外の動物に投与することを含む方法。
- 前記組成物が、前記バチルス・ズブチリスQST713を含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記組成物が、前記バチルス・ズブチリスQST713により産生される代謝産物をさらに含む、請求項2に記載の方法。
- 前記組成物が、成長成績を改善するのに有効な量で家畜に投与される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記量が、前記昆虫以外およびヒト以外の動物の飼料利用効率を向上させるのに有効である、請求項4に記載の方法。
- 前記量が、前記昆虫以外およびヒト以外の動物の生存率を向上させるのに有効である、請求項4に記載の方法。
- 前記量が、前記昆虫以外およびヒト以外の動物の体重増加を向上させるのに有効である、請求項4に記載の方法。
- 前記組成物が、健康な腸内微生物叢を維持するのに有効な量で投与される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記組成物が、前記昆虫以外およびヒト以外の動物における病原性細菌の増殖を低下させるのに有効な量で投与される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記病原性細菌が、クロストリジウム属種、カンピロバクター属種、リステリア属種および大腸菌から成る群から選択される、請求項9に記載の方法。
- 前記昆虫以外およびヒト以外の動物が家禽である、請求項4に記載の方法。
- 前記家禽がブロイラー鶏である、請求項11に記載の方法。
- 前記家禽が卵用ニワトリである、請求項11に記載の方法。
- 前記動物がブタである、請求項4に記載の方法。
- 前記動物が反芻動物である、請求項15に記載の方法。
- 前記動物が複胃未発達動物である、請求項16に記載の方法。
- 前記組成物が担体をさらに含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記組成物が動物用飼料と共に投与される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記動物用飼料原料が飼料タンパク質を含む、請求項18に記載の方法。
- 前記動物用飼料原料が飼料炭水化物をさらに含む、請求項19に記載の方法。
- 前記組成物が飲料水をさらに含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記組成物が、複胃未発達動物のための代用乳をさらに含む、請求項4に記載の方法。
- 前記組成物が、前記動物用飼料1グラム当たりバチルス・ズブチリスQST713約1×103CFUから、前記動物用飼料1グラム当たりバチルス・ズブチリスQST713約1×1010CFUの比率で投与される、請求項18に記載の方法。
- 昆虫以外およびヒト以外の動物の身体状態を改善するための組成物であって、(i)前記動物の成長を向上させるのに有効な量のバチルス・スブチルス(subtilus)QST713と(ii)少なくとも1つの動物用飼料原料とを含む組成物。
- 前記動物用飼料原料が、飼料炭水化物および飼料タンパク質を含む、請求項24に記載の組成物。
- 前記バチルス・ズブチリスQST713の前記有効量が、動物用飼料1グラム当たり約1×103CFUから、動物用飼料1グラム当たり約1×1010CFUである、請求項24に記載の組成物。
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JP2015517809A (ja) * | 2012-04-13 | 2015-06-25 | セーホーエル.ハンセン アクティーゼルスカブ | 大腸菌(E.coli)及びクロストリジウム・パーフリンジェンス(Clostridiumperfringens)に対する抗菌効果を有し、且つ高い胞子形成能を有する抗生物質感受性バチルス株 |
JP2015528296A (ja) * | 2012-08-31 | 2015-09-28 | バイエル・クロツプサイエンス・エル・ピー | 植物の非生物的ストレス抵抗性を高める方法 |
WO2014185516A1 (ja) | 2013-05-17 | 2014-11-20 | カルピス株式会社 | 反芻動物の乳房炎の予防または治療剤 |
US10251918B2 (en) | 2013-05-17 | 2019-04-09 | Asahi Calpis Wellness Co., Ltd. | Preventive or therapeutic agent for ruminant animal mastitis |
JP2015116191A (ja) * | 2013-11-15 | 2015-06-25 | プリマハム株式会社 | 抗菌作用を有するバチルス・メチロトロフィカス |
KR20210046519A (ko) * | 2019-10-18 | 2021-04-28 | (주)에이티바이오 | 프로바이오틱스를 활용한 사료 및 그 제조방법 |
KR102393430B1 (ko) | 2019-10-18 | 2022-05-02 | (주)에이티바이오 | 프로바이오틱스를 활용한 사료 및 그 제조방법 |
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