JP2012004130A - リチウムイオン電池用の多相ケイ素含有電極 - Google Patents
リチウムイオン電池用の多相ケイ素含有電極 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
【解決手段】1μm〜50μmの範囲にある平均粒径を有する粒子を含むリチウムイオン電池用の電極組成物。前記粒子は、電気化学的に活性な相および電気化学的に不活性な相を含み、これらの相は共通の相境界を共有する。電気化学的に活性な相は元素ケイ素を含み、電気化学的に不活性な相は、金属間化合物、固溶体、またはこれらの組合せの形態にある少なくとも2種の金属元素を含む。相のそれぞれは、サイクリングの前、1000オングストロームより大きい微結晶を含まない。加えて、電気化学的に活性な相は、リチウムイオン電池において、電極が1回の完全な充電−放電サイクルを経てサイクルした後、非晶質である。
【選択図】なし
Description
(a)元素状ケイ素と2種以上のさらなる金属元素を不活性雰囲気中で一緒に溶融して、インゴットを形成するステップ、
(b)インゴットを不活性雰囲気中で溶融して、溶融流れを形成するステップ、
(c)溶融流れを回転ホイールの表面で急冷して、リボンを形成するステップ、および、
(d)リボンを粉砕して、1μm〜50μmの範囲にある平均粒径を有する粒子を形成するステップ、
を含む方法によって製造できる。
6.34gのアルミニウムショット、12.10gのケイ素フレーク、および6.56gの鉄フレーク(全て99.9%以上の純度)を秤量皿に秤量し、次いで、アーク炉内に置いた。この混合物を、Ar雰囲気中Tiプール酸素ゲッターの存在下に溶融し、組成Si55Al30Fe15を有するインゴット25gを得た。ここで、全ての量は原子百分率である。
実施例1に記載されているように溶融スパンSi55Al30Fe15リボンを作成し、粉砕し、分級した。32〜20ミクロン間の画分を分離した。本出願と同じ譲受人に譲渡されたクラウゼ(Krause)らの「改善されたサイクリング動作を有する電極組成物(Electrode Compositions Having Improved Cycling Behavior)」と題する2001年6月18日出願の米国特許出願番号第09/883,865号明細書に記載されている手続きに従って、この画分の一部がAgの多孔質層で被覆された。重量取り込みは10%であった。銀被覆微粒子をメチルエチルケトン中に分散させ、8時間振とうすることによって、3−アミノプロピルトリメチオキシシラン(アルドリッチケミカル(Aldrich Chemical))(1gの粉末あたり60mgのシラン)とさらに反応させた。
6.98gのアルミニウムショット、14.80gのケイ素フレーク、および8.22gの銅ショット(全て99.9%以上の純度)を秤量皿に秤量し、次いで、アーク炉内に置いた。この混合物を、Ar雰囲気中Tiプール酸素ゲッターの存在下に溶融し、組成Si57Al28Cu14を有する30gのインゴットを得た。ここで、全ての量は原子百分率である。
Claims (21)
- 1μm〜50μmの範囲にある平均粒径を有する粒子を含むリチウムイオン電池用の電極組成物であって、
前記粒子が、電気化学的に活性な相および電気化学的に不活性な相を含み、これらの相は少なくとも1つの共通の相境界を共有し、
前記電気化学的に活性な相が、元素状ケイ素を含み、
前記電気化学的に不活性な相が、金属間化合物、固溶体、またはこれらの組合せの形態にある少なくとも2種の金属元素を含み、
(a)前記相のそれぞれが、サイクリングの前、1000オングストロームより大きい微結晶を含まず、かつ、
(b)前記電気化学的に活性な相が、リチウムイオン電池において、前記電極が1回の完全な充電−放電サイクルを経てサイクルした後、非晶質である、電極組成物。 - 前記電気化学的に活性な相が、電圧がLi/Li+に対して70mVより高いとき、後続の充電−放電サイクルの間、非晶質のままである、請求項1に記載の電極組成物。
- 前記電気化学的に活性な相が、電圧がLi/Li+に対して50mVより高いとき、後続の充電−放電サイクルの間、非晶質のままである、請求項1に記載の電極組成物。
- 前記電気化学的に不活性な相が、ケイ素をさらに含む、請求項1に記載の電極組成物。
- 前記電気化学的に不活性な相が、アルミニウム、鉄、ニッケル、マンガン、コバルト、銅、銀、およびクロムよりなる群から選択される少なくとも2種の金属元素を含む、請求項1に記載の電極組成物。
- 前記電気化学的に不活性な相が、ケイ素をさらに含む、請求項5に記載の電極組成物。
- 前記電気化学的に不活性な相が、ケイ素、アルミニウム、および鉄を含む、請求項1に記載の電極組成物。
- 前記電気化学的に不活性な相が、アルミニウムおよび銅を含む、請求項1に記載の電極組成物。
- (a)1μm〜50μmの範囲にある平均粒径を有する粒子を含むアノードであって、
前記粒子が、電気化学的に活性な相および電気化学的に不活性な相を含み、これらの相は少なくとも1つの共通の相境界を共有し、
前記電気化学的に活性な相が、元素状ケイ素を含み、
前記電気化学的に不活性な相が、金属間化合物、固溶体、またはこれらの組合せの形態にある少なくとも2種の金属元素を含み、
(i)前記相のそれぞれが、サイクリングの前、1000オングストロームより大きい微結晶を含まず、かつ、
(ii)前記電気化学的に活性な相が、電池が1回の完全な充電−放電サイクルを経てサイクルした後、非晶質であるアノード、
(b)カソード、並びに、
(c)アノードとカソードを分け隔てる電解質、
を含む、リチウムイオン電池。 - 前記電気化学的に活性な相が、アノード電圧がLi/Li+に対して70mVより上に保持されているとき、後続の充電−放電サイクルの間、非晶質のままである、請求項9に記載の電池。
- 前記電気化学的に活性な相が、アノード電圧がLi/Li+に対して50mVより上に保持されているとき、後続の充電−放電サイクルの間、非晶質のままである、請求項9に記載の電池。
- 前記電気化学的に不活性な相が、ケイ素をさらに含む、請求項9に記載の電池。
- 前記電気化学的に不活性な相が、アルミニウム、鉄、ニッケル、マンガン、コバルト、銅、銀、およびクロムよりなる群から選択される少なくとも2種の金属元素を含む、請求項9に記載の電池。
- 前記電気化学的に不活性な相が、ケイ素をさらに含む、請求項13に記載の電池。
- 前記電気化学的に不活性な相が、ケイ素、アルミニウム、および鉄を含む、請求項9に記載の電池。
- 前記電気化学的に不活性な相が、アルミニウムおよび銅を含む、請求項9に記載の電池。
- リチウムイオン電池用の電極組成物を製造する方法であって、
(a)元素状ケイ素と2種以上のさらなる金属元素を不活性雰囲気中で一緒に溶融して、インゴットを形成するステップ、
(b)前記インゴットを不活性雰囲気中で溶融して、溶融流れを形成するステップ、
(c)前記溶融流れを回転ホイールの表面上で急冷して、リボンを形成するステップ、並びに、
(d)前記リボンを粉砕して、1μm〜約50μmの範囲にある平均粒径を有する粒子を形成するステップ、
を含み、
前記粒子が、電気化学的に活性な相および電気化学的に不活性な相を含み、これらの相は少なくとも1つの共通の相境界を共有し、
前記電気化学的に活性な相が、元素状ケイ素を含み、
前記電気化学的に不活性な相が、金属間化合物、固溶体、またはこれらの組合せの形態にある少なくとも2種の金属元素を含み、
(1)前記相のそれぞれが、サイクリングの前、1000オングストロームより大きい微結晶を含まず、かつ、
(2)前記電気化学的に活性な相が、リチウムイオン電池において、電極が1回の完全な充電−放電サイクルを経てサイクルした後、非晶質である、方法。 - 前記電気化学的に不活性な相が、ケイ素をさらに含む、請求項17に記載の方法。
- 前記金属元素が、アルミニウム、鉄、ニッケル、マンガン、コバルト、銅、銀、およびクロムよりなる群から選択される、請求項17に記載の方法。
- 前記電気化学的に活性な相が、電圧がLi/Li+に対して70mVより高いとき、後続の充電−放電サイクルの間、非晶質のままである、請求項17に記載の方法。
- 前記電気化学的に活性な相が、電圧がLi/Li+に対して50mVより高いとき、後続の充電−放電サイクルの間、非晶質のままである、請求項17に記載の方法。
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US10/637,412 US7498100B2 (en) | 2003-08-08 | 2003-08-08 | Multi-phase, silicon-containing electrode for a lithium-ion battery |
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JP2015524988A (ja) * | 2012-11-30 | 2015-08-27 | エルジー・ケム・リミテッド | リチウム二次電池用負極活物質及びそれを含むリチウム二次電池 |
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CN1842932A (zh) | 2006-10-04 |
EP1652249B1 (en) | 2008-06-11 |
KR101120692B1 (ko) | 2012-03-23 |
JP4865556B2 (ja) | 2012-02-01 |
EP1652249A2 (en) | 2006-05-03 |
WO2005018026A3 (en) | 2006-02-23 |
KR20060054430A (ko) | 2006-05-22 |
CN100541877C (zh) | 2009-09-16 |
DE602004014384D1 (de) | 2008-07-24 |
JP5616298B2 (ja) | 2014-10-29 |
WO2005018026A2 (en) | 2005-02-24 |
CA2535006A1 (en) | 2005-02-24 |
JP2007502004A (ja) | 2007-02-01 |
US7498100B2 (en) | 2009-03-03 |
US20050031957A1 (en) | 2005-02-10 |
ATE398339T1 (de) | 2008-07-15 |
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