JP2011109902A - 車両用充給電システム - Google Patents
車両用充給電システム Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0068—Battery or charger load switching, e.g. concurrent charging and load supply
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L5/00—Current collectors for power supply lines of electrically-propelled vehicles
- B60L5/005—Current collectors for power supply lines of electrically-propelled vehicles without mechanical contact between the collector and the power supply line
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
- B60L53/12—Inductive energy transfer
- B60L53/122—Circuits or methods for driving the primary coil, e.g. supplying electric power to the coil
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
- B60L53/12—Inductive energy transfer
- B60L53/126—Methods for pairing a vehicle and a charging station, e.g. establishing a one-to-one relation between a wireless power transmitter and a wireless power receiver
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/30—Constructional details of charging stations
- B60L53/32—Constructional details of charging stations by charging in short intervals along the itinerary, e.g. during short stops
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
- H02J50/10—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling
- H02J50/12—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling of the resonant type
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
- H02J50/20—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using microwaves or radio frequency waves
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
- H02J50/40—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using two or more transmitting or receiving devices
- H02J50/402—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using two or more transmitting or receiving devices the two or more transmitting or the two or more receiving devices being integrated in the same unit, e.g. power mats with several coils or antennas with several sub-antennas
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/12—Electric charging stations
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
- Current-Collector Devices For Electrically Propelled Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
【解決手段】路面側に配置された送電アンテナ105と車両101の底面に配置された受電アンテナ107とが該等しい共振周波数で共振し磁界結合する。送電アンテナ105が位置する領域上に受電アンテナ107が侵入した際に送電がなされる。送電アンテナと受電アンテナとの対向距離Hが、送電アンテナエリア幅W1に対して、0.11×W1≦H≦0.26×W1の範囲内に設定されることにより、安定した伝送特性が得られる。
【選択図】図1A
Description
本発明の実施形態1における車両用充給電システムは、走行中の車両への充電、給電のうち少なくとも一方を行う走行中充給電システム、または駐車中の車両への充電、給電のうち少なくとも一方を行う駐車中充給電システムとして用いられる。なお、本明細書において、「充電」とは車両内に設けられた二次電池を充電し車両を駆動するための電力を蓄えることを指す。また、「給電」とは車載の駆動用電気モータなどの負荷に電力を供給することを指す。本実施形態の車両用充給電システムは、路面上または路面下に設けられた送電アンテナと、車両に設けられた受電アンテナとを備えている。送電アンテナと受電アンテナとが共振磁界結合することにより、無線で電力が伝送される。
(式1) L1>L2
(式2) W1>W2
(式3) X0=(W1−W2)/2
(式4) −X0≦X≦X0
(式5) FTx=ZTx1/ZTx0
(式6) FRx=ZRx1/ZRx0
(式7) 0.11×W1≦H≦0.26×W1
(式8) 0.12×W1≦H≦0.22×W1
(式9) 0.15×W1≦H≦0.19×W1
(式10)VRi_1=VRi_0×(FRx)^0.5
102 路面
103 車両進行方向
105 送電アンテナ
107 受電アンテナ
112 電源
114 発振部
116 整流部
117 電源制御部
118 負荷
119 周波数変換部
120 二次電池
122 送電部
124 受電部
Claims (21)
- 路面上または路面下に設けられた少なくとも1つの送電アンテナと、少なくとも1台の車両に設けられた受電アンテナとを含む車両用充給電システムであって、
前記送電アンテナおよび前記受電アンテナは、共振磁界によって互いに結合する共振器対であり、
車両進行方向をY方向、前記車両進行方向に垂直な方向をX方向とするとき、
前記送電アンテナのY方向の長さおよびX方向の長さは、それぞれ、前記受電アンテナのY方向の長さおよびX方向の長さよりも大きく、
前記送電アンテナのX方向の長さをW1、前記送電アンテナと前記受電アンテナの対向距離をHとするとき、
0.11×W1≦H≦0.26×W1
を満足し、
前記送電アンテナと前記受電アンテナとが対向するときに前記送電アンテナから前記受電アンテナに非接触で電力を供給する車両用充給電システム。 - 0.12×W1≦H≦0.22×W1
を満足する請求項1に記載の車両用充給電システム。 - 0.15×W1≦H≦0.19×W1
を満足する請求項2に記載の車両用充給電システム。 - 電源から受けとったエネルギをRFエネルギに変換して前記送電アンテナに送出する発振部を有し、
前記車両は、前記受電アンテナが前記送電アンテナから受けとったRFエネルギを直流エネルギまたは前記RFエネルギよりも周波数の低い交流エネルギに変換して出力する電力変換部を有する請求項1から3のいずれかに記載の車両用充給電システム。 - 前記送電アンテナと前記受電アンテナとの間の伝送効率を最大化する前記送電アンテナの入力インピーダンスは、前記発振部の出力インピーダンスと一致する請求項4に記載の車両用充給電システム。
- 前記送電アンテナと前記受電アンテナとの間の伝送効率を最大化する前記受電アンテナの出力インピーダンスは、前記電力変換部の入力インピーダンスと一致する請求項4または5に記載の車両用充給電システム。
- 前記車両は、前記電力変換部が出力する前記直流エネルギまたは前記交流エネルギによって動作する負荷を有している、請求項4から6のいずれかに記載の車両用充給電システム。
- 前記負荷の入力インピーダンスは、前記電力変換部の出力インピーダンスと一致する請求項7に記載の車両用充給電システム。
- 前記少なくとも1つの送電アンテナは、第1の送電アンテナと第2の送電アンテナとを含み、
前記第1の送電アンテナと前記受電アンテナとの間の結合係数は、前記第2の送電アンテナと前記受電アンテナとの間の結合係数と異なっており、
前記第1の送電アンテナと前記受電アンテナとが電力伝送を行うときの前記負荷の入力電圧は、前記第2の送電アンテナと前記受電アンテナとが電力伝送を行うときの前記負荷の入力電圧とほぼ等しくなるように設計されている、請求項7または8に記載の車両用充給電システム。 - 前記車両は、二次電池を有し、
前記受電アンテナが前記送電アンテナから受け取ったエネルギによって前記二次電池を充電する請求項1から9のいずれかに記載の車両用充給電システム。 - 前記路面に垂直な方向から見たとき、前記受電アンテナの中心部は、前記車両の前記X方向における中心線付近に位置している、請求項1から10のいずれかに記載の車両用充給電システム。
- 前記路面に垂直な方向から見たとき、前記受電アンテナの中心部は、前記車両の前記Y方向における中心線付近に位置している、請求項1から11のいずれかに記載の車両用充給電システム。
- 前記送電アンテナのY方向の長さは、前記車両のY方向の長さとほぼ等しい、請求項1から12のいずれかに記載の車両用充給電システム。
- 前記送電アンテナのY方向の長さは、前記車両のY方向の長さよりも大きい請求項1から12のいずれかに記載の車両用充給電システム。
- 前記路面に垂直な方向から見たとき、前記送電アンテナの中心部は、走行レーンの前記X方向における中心線付近に位置している、請求項1から14のいずれかに記載の車両用充給電システム。
- 前記少なくとも1つの送電アンテナは、Y方向に沿って配列された複数の送電アンテナを含み、
前記車両の移動に伴って前記受電アンテナが前記複数の送電アンテナの各々と対向するとき、前記受電アンテナに対向する送電アンテナから前記受電アンテナに順次電力伝送を行う請求項1から15のいずれかに記載の車両用充給電システム。 - 請求項1から16のいずれかに記載の車両用充給電システムに使用される車両であって、
前記受電アンテナと、
前記受電アンテナが前記送電アンテナから受け取ったエネルギによって動作する負荷と、
を有する車両。 - 前記負荷は、電気モータである、請求項17に記載の車両。
- 内燃機関を動力源とする、請求項17または18に記載の車両。
- 請求項1から16のいずれかに記載の車両用充給電システムに使用される送電アンテナ。
- 請求項1から16のいずれかに記載の車両用充給電システムに使用される受電アンテナと、
前記受電アンテナが前記送電アンテナから受け取ったRFエネルギを直流エネルギまたは前記RFエネルギよりも周波数の低い交流エネルギに変換して出力する電力変換部とを備える受電システム。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
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US26093709P | 2009-11-13 | 2009-11-13 | |
US61/260,937 | 2009-11-13 |
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JP2016015340A Division JP6179826B2 (ja) | 2009-11-13 | 2016-01-29 | 車両用充給電システム |
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JP2011109902A true JP2011109902A (ja) | 2011-06-02 |
JP5909714B2 JP5909714B2 (ja) | 2016-04-27 |
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JP2016015340A Active JP6179826B2 (ja) | 2009-11-13 | 2016-01-29 | 車両用充給電システム |
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US (1) | US8552685B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP2465179B1 (ja) |
JP (2) | JP5909714B2 (ja) |
CN (2) | CN105305657B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2011059108A1 (ja) |
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JP2016116449A (ja) | 2016-06-23 |
CN102648560A (zh) | 2012-08-22 |
EP2465179B1 (en) | 2013-06-26 |
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CN102648560B (zh) | 2015-11-25 |
US20110114401A1 (en) | 2011-05-19 |
CN105305657B (zh) | 2017-09-08 |
US8552685B2 (en) | 2013-10-08 |
WO2011059108A1 (en) | 2011-05-19 |
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JP6179826B2 (ja) | 2017-08-16 |
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