JP2009542411A - バイアス弁を利用する人工呼吸装置 - Google Patents
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- A61M16/0003—Accessories therefor, e.g. sensors, vibrators, negative pressure
- A61M2016/0015—Accessories therefor, e.g. sensors, vibrators, negative pressure inhalation detectors
- A61M2016/0018—Accessories therefor, e.g. sensors, vibrators, negative pressure inhalation detectors electrical
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- A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
- A61M16/0003—Accessories therefor, e.g. sensors, vibrators, negative pressure
- A61M2016/003—Accessories therefor, e.g. sensors, vibrators, negative pressure with a flowmeter
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- A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
- A61M16/0003—Accessories therefor, e.g. sensors, vibrators, negative pressure
- A61M2016/003—Accessories therefor, e.g. sensors, vibrators, negative pressure with a flowmeter
- A61M2016/0033—Accessories therefor, e.g. sensors, vibrators, negative pressure with a flowmeter electrical
- A61M2016/0039—Accessories therefor, e.g. sensors, vibrators, negative pressure with a flowmeter electrical in the inspiratory circuit
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- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
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- F04C2220/00—Application
- F04C2220/24—Application for metering throughflow
Abstract
【解決手段】人工呼吸器は、ルーツブロワが発生するガス流を測定するように作動する流量計と、患者回路に接続される呼気弁を操作するように構成される呼気制御モジュールと、を含む。ルーツブロワと患者回路との間に接続されるバイアス弁は、具体的には、呼気制御モジュールにおいて患者回路の圧力に関するバイアス圧力を生成するように構成される。また、バイアス弁は、質量流量計に流れるガスが実質的に定圧特性を示すように、ルーツブロワが発生する拍動性ガス流を減衰させるように構成される。バイアス圧力は、吸気開始時の呼気弁の閉鎖を容易にし、呼気の間に呼気終末陽圧を調節し、圧力変換モジュールを介して各検出ラインをパージする。
【選択図】図3
Description
本出願は、2004年8月4日に出願の米国特許出願第10/912,747号の一部継続出願であり、2003年8月4日に出願の米国仮特許出願第60/492,421号、2004年5月18日に出願の米国特許出願第10/847,693号、2004年8月4日に出願の米国特許出願第10/912,747号、2004年11月10日に出願の米国特許出願第10/985,528号、2005年3月23日に出願の米国特許出願第11/088,316号、及び2005年9月23日に出願の米国特許出願第11/234,636号の優先権の利益を主張するものである。これらのあらゆる明細書及び図面の全ては、参照により本明細書に明確に組み込まれる。
ポータブル人工呼吸器10はブロワアセンブリ14を備える。ブロワアセンブリ14は、例えば、ルーツブロワ16であり、患者接続26を経由して患者又は患者回路28にガス流をもたらす。全内容が参照により本明細書に明確に組み込まれる、デブリーズ等による米国特許公開第2005/0051168号、発明の名称「ポータブル人工呼吸器システム」に、より詳述されているように、ポータブル人工呼吸器10は、呼吸を生み出すメカニズムのように可変速度モードで作動し、ルーツブロワ16の使用により生じる改善された効率及び減少したサイズを有する。
Claims (24)
- 患者回路に対してガス流を発生するルーツブロワを有するポータブル人工呼吸器であって、
前記患者回路に接続された呼気弁を作動するように構成される呼気制御モジュールと、
前記ルーツブロワと前記患者回路との間に接続されて、前記呼気制御モジュールにバイアス圧力を提供するように構成されるバイアス弁と、
を含んで構成される人工呼吸器。 - 前記バイアス弁は、前記ルーツブロワの流量範囲にわたって実質的に一定なバイアス圧力を提供するように構成される請求項1記載の人工呼吸器。
- 前記ルーツブロワは、ブロワ制御アルゴリズムにより制御され、
前記バイアス弁及びブロワ制御アルゴリズムは、吸気ホールド、呼気ホールド及び平均吸気圧/陰性吸入力(MIP/NIF)の調節を実行する使用者活性化操作の少なくとも1つを実行している間に、患者回路への流れ及び患者回路からの流れを協動で調整する
請求項1記載の人工呼吸器。 - 前記バイアス弁に流動的に接続されて、前記バイアス弁からの前記バイアス圧力を受信する圧力変換モジュールと、
前記患者回路と前記圧力変換モジュールとの間に接続される空気路検出ライン及び流れ検出ラインの少なくとも1つと、
をさらに含んで構成され、
前記圧力変換モジュールは、前記バイアス圧力を利用して前記検出ラインをパージするように作動する
請求項1記載の人工呼吸器。 - 前記ルーツブロワと前記バイアス弁との間に組み込まれて、前記ルーツブロワのガス流量を測定するように作動する流量計をさらに含んで構成される請求項1記載の人工呼吸器。
- 前記ルーツブロワが発生する前記ガス流は、拍動性ガス流であり、
前記ポペット弁は、前記流量計による測定に適するように前記拍動性ガス流を減衰させる慣性減衰を生成するのに十分な質量を有する
請求項5記載の人工呼吸器。 - 前記バイアス弁は、シリンダを含み
前記ポペット弁は、前記シリンダ内を摺動自在に往復運動するように構成されて、前記ポペット弁と前記シリンダとの間の十分に狭いポペット弁クリアランスを画定し、
前記ポペット弁クリアランスは、前記ポペット弁の往復運動中にガスが前記ポペット弁クリランスを通過するときに、前記拍動性ガス流を減衰させる粘性減衰を生成するようサイズ設定される
請求項5記載の人工呼吸器。 - ガス流を発生するルーツブロワを有する人工呼吸器用のバイアス弁であって、該人工呼吸器は、患者回路と接続される呼気弁を作動させるように構成されて前記バイアス弁の一側に流動的に接続される呼気制御モジュールと、前記バイアス弁の他側に流動的に接続される前記患者回路と、を有し、前記バイアス弁は、
前記ルーツブロワに接続される弁座と、
前記弁座に係合可能で、前記ルーツブロワからのガスが前記患者回路に流入することの防止及び許容を夫々行うように、閉位置と開位置との間を往復運動するポペット弁と、
前記呼気制御モジュールにおいてバイアス圧力が前記呼気弁の調節用に提供されるように、前記弁座に対して前記ポペット弁を付勢するよう構成されるバイアス部材と、
を含んで構成される。 - 前記バイアス部材は、前記ルーツブロワの流量範囲にわたって前記バイアス圧力が実質的に一定となるように、前記弁座に対して前記ポペット弁を付勢するのに十分なバネ定数を有する請求項8記載のバイアス弁。
- 前記バイアス弁は、吸気ホールド、呼気ホールド及び平均吸気圧/陰性吸入力(MIP/NIF)の調節を実行する使用者活性化操作の少なくとも1つを実行している間に、患者回路への流れ及び患者回路からの流れを防止するのに十分なバイアス圧力を提供するように構成される請求項8記載のバイアス弁。
- 前記バイアス弁に流動的に接続されて、前記バイアス弁からの前記バイアス圧力を受信する圧力変換モジュールと、
前記患者回路と前記圧力変換モジュールとの間に接続されて、前記患者回路の圧力及び流量を測定するように構成される空気路検出ライン及び流れ検出ラインの少なくとも1つと、
をさらに含んで構成され、
前記圧力変換モジュールは、前記バイアス圧力を利用して前記検出ラインをパージするように作動する
請求項8記載のバイアス弁。 - 前記人工呼吸器は、前記ルーツブロワと前記バイアス弁との間に組み込まれて前記ルーツブロワのガス流量を測定するように作動する流量計をさらに含む請求項8記載のバイアス弁。
- 前記ルーツブロワが発生する前記ガス流は、拍動性ガス流であり、
前記ポペット弁は、前記流量計による測定に適するように前記拍動性ガス流を減衰させる慣性減衰を提供するのに十分な質量を有する
請求項12記載のバイアス弁。 - 前記ポペット弁に取り付けられる質量要素をさらに含んで構成され、
前記ポペット弁は、強制的周波数を有する前記拍動性ガス流に対して反応し、
前記ポペット弁及び前記バイアス部材は、ポペット弁固有周波数で往復運動し、
前記ポペット弁及び前記質量要素は、前記強制的周波数が前記ポペット弁固有周波数よりも実質的に高いときに、慣性減衰を最大とするようサイズ設定され及び構成される
請求項12記載のバイアス弁。 - 前記バイアス弁は、前記流量計による測定に適するように、前記拍動性ガス流を減衰させる粘性減衰を提供するよう構成される請求項14記載のバイアス弁。
- 前記バイアス弁は、前記強制的周波数が前記ポペット弁固有周波数と実質的に等しいときに、粘性減衰を最大とするよう構成される請求項15記載のバイアス弁。
- 前記流量計は、熱線式質量流量計として構成される請求項12記載のバイアス弁。
- ルーツブロワが発生する拍動性ガス流を減衰させる人工呼吸器のバイアス弁であって、該人工呼吸器は、患者回路と接続される呼気弁を作動させるように構成されて前記バイアス弁の一側に流動的に接続される呼気制御モジュールと、前記バイアス弁の他側に流動的に接続される前記患者回路と、前記ルーツブロワと前記バイアス弁との間に配置されて前記ルーツブロワからのガス流を測定するように構成される質量流量計と、を有し、前記バイアス弁は、
前記患者回路に流動的に接続されるハウジングアウトレットと、前記ルーツブロワに流動的に接続されるハウジングインレットと、が開口する環状ハウジングチャンバを有するハウジングアセンブリであって、
ハウジング側壁及びハウジング端壁を有し、前記ハウジングインレットが前記ハウジング端壁に対向するハウジング端部に形成されて前記ルーツブロワに接続され、前記ハウジングアウトレットが前記ハウジング側壁に形成されるエルボハウジングと、
シリンダ端壁及びシリンダ側壁を有して前記エルボハウジング内に固定して取り付けられ、前記シリンダ側壁が前記ハウジング側壁から離隔して該ハウジング側壁と同軸上に配置されて前記ハウジング側壁と前記シリンダ側壁との間に環状のハウジングチャンバを画定し、前記ハウジングインレットに合致するように端部が開口する中空シリンダと、
前記ハウジングインレットに固定して取り付けられ、座部接触面を有する環状の弁座と、
を含む前記ハウジングアセンブリと、
ポペット弁側面及び夫々対向するポペット弁端部を有して、前記シリンダ内を摺動可能に配置されると共に前記シリンダ内を往復運動可能とされ、前記シリンダ端壁と前記ポペット弁端部のうちの一方との間にシリンダチャンバを画定し、前記ポペット弁端部のうちの他方が前記座部の座部インタフェースに密閉的に係合可能であるように構成されて座部領域を画定するポペット弁と、
前記ポペット弁を前記座部インタフェース方向に付勢するのに十分なバネ前負荷を有するバイアス部材と、
を含んで構成され、
前記座部領域及びバネ前負荷は、前記呼気制御モジュールに所定のバイアス圧力を提供するようにサイズ設定され及び構成される。 - 前記ポペット弁は、前記質量流量計による測定に適するように前記ルーツブロワからの前記拍動性ガス流を減衰させる慣性減衰を生成するのに十分な質量を有する請求項18記載のバイアス弁。
- 前記ポペット弁に取り付けられる質量要素をさらに含んで構成され、
前記ポペット弁は、強制的周波数を有する前記拍動性ガス流に対して反応し、
前記ポペット弁及び前記バイアス部材は、ポペット弁固有周波数で往復運動し、
前記ポペット弁及び前記質量要素は、前記強制的周波数が前記ポペット弁固有周波数よりも実質的に高いときに、慣性減衰を最大とするようサイズ設定され及び構成される
請求項19記載のバイアス弁。 - 前記バイアス弁は、前記質量流量計による測定に適するように、前記拍動性ガス流を減衰させる粘性減衰を提供するよう構成される請求項20記載のバイアス弁。
- 前記バイアス弁は、前記強制的周波数が前記ポペット弁固有周波数と実質的に等しいときに、前記粘性減衰を最大とするよう構成される請求項21記載のバイアス弁。
- 前記ポペット弁及び前記シリンダは、前記ポペット弁の往復運動中にガスが前記シリンダチャンバと前記ハウジングチャンバとの間の前記ポペット弁クリランスを通過するときに前記粘性減衰を発生するように、前記ポペット弁と前記シリンダとの間に十分に狭いポペット弁クリアランスを画定する請求項21記載のバイアス弁。
- 前記バイアス部材は、前記ルーツブロワの流量範囲にわたって実質的に一定のバイアス圧力を発生するのに十分なバネ定数を有する請求項18に記載のバイアス弁。
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EP2040784B1 (en) | 2017-05-17 |
US20110088697A1 (en) | 2011-04-21 |
CA2656763A1 (en) | 2008-01-17 |
US20150374950A1 (en) | 2015-12-31 |
JP5356229B2 (ja) | 2013-12-04 |
EP2040784A4 (en) | 2012-07-11 |
CN101489615A (zh) | 2009-07-22 |
WO2008008163A3 (en) | 2008-11-27 |
US10118011B2 (en) | 2018-11-06 |
AU2007273210B2 (en) | 2013-09-05 |
CA2656763C (en) | 2015-05-05 |
CA2882056A1 (en) | 2008-01-17 |
AU2007273210A1 (en) | 2008-01-17 |
US8118024B2 (en) | 2012-02-21 |
CN103191502A (zh) | 2013-07-10 |
WO2008008163A2 (en) | 2008-01-17 |
EP2040784A2 (en) | 2009-04-01 |
CN103191502B (zh) | 2016-01-27 |
CA2882056C (en) | 2017-02-28 |
US20060249153A1 (en) | 2006-11-09 |
US9126002B2 (en) | 2015-09-08 |
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