JP2009514851A - (3r,5r)−7−[2−(4−フルオロフェニル)−5−イソプロピル−3−フェニル−4−[(4−ヒドロキシメチルフェニルアミノ)カルボニル]−ピロール−1−イル]−3,5−ジヒドロキシ−ヘプタン酸ヘミカルシウム塩の製法 - Google Patents
(3r,5r)−7−[2−(4−フルオロフェニル)−5−イソプロピル−3−フェニル−4−[(4−ヒドロキシメチルフェニルアミノ)カルボニル]−ピロール−1−イル]−3,5−ジヒドロキシ−ヘプタン酸ヘミカルシウム塩の製法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
【選択図】なし
Description
を有する(3R,5R)−7−[2−(4−フルオロフェニル)−5−イソプロピル−3−フェニル−4−[(4−ヒドロキシメチルフェニルアミノ)カルボニル]−ピロール−1−イル]−3,5−ジヒドロキシ−ヘプタン酸ヘミカルシウム塩を開示しており、かくして、脂質低下剤およびコレステロール低下剤として有用である。
i)Ca(OH)2を用いて相間移動触媒下で式XIの化合物を式Iのそのヘミカルシウム塩へ直接的に変換することによって、または
ii)水酸化ナトリウムを用いてその場で生じたそのナトリウム塩へ式XIの化合物を変換し、引き続いて、酢酸カルシウムまたは塩化カルシウムを用いてナトリウムをCaで置換して、式Iのヘミカルシウム塩を生じさせることによって、
所望の式Iのカルシウム塩へ変換することができる。
式XIの化合物は:
i)まず、約0ないし約30℃の範囲の温度にて、例えば、約0ないし約10℃の範囲の温度にて、NaOHでの処理によって式XI化合物をそのナトリウム塩へ変換し、引き続いて、1以上のアルコール溶媒、例えば、メタノール、エタノールなど、または他のエーテル溶媒(例えば、テトラヒドロフラン、ジオキサン、またはジエチルエーテル)、またはその組合せの存在下で酢酸カルシウムを用いてナトリウムをカルシウムで置換することによって、あるいは
ii)還流水性アルコール溶媒、例えば、メタノールまたはエタノール中で、触媒としての臭化テトラブチルアンモニウム、および塩基としての水酸化カルシウムを用い、式XI化合物を相間移動触媒に付すことによって、
式Iのその対応するヘミカルシウム塩へ変換することができる。
トルエン(2.4L)中のメチル―4―アミノベンゾエート(250g,1.65モル)の溶液にメチル―4―メチル―3―オキソペンタノエート(237.7g,1.648モル)およびエチレンジアミン(1.15ml,0.016モル)を加えた。反応混合物を約20ないし25時間還流した。溶媒を減圧下で除去して、固体残渣を得た。残渣を酢酸エチル(2.4L)に溶解させた。有機相を酸(例えば、20%w/2w塩酸0.5L)、続いて脱イオン水で洗浄した。それをさらに10%重炭酸ナトリウム溶液、続いて、脱イオン水および飽和ブラインで洗浄した。溶媒を減圧下で除去した。攪拌しつつこれにヘキサンを加え、固体を完全に沈殿させた。固体を濾過し、ヘキサンで洗浄した。固体を乾燥して、標記生成物を99.45%純度で得た。
収率:358g(1.5,w/w);LCMS:m/z(M+1)265.09;融解範囲:54−56°C;1H NMR(CDCl3);δ1.16−1.18(d,6H,−CH(CH 3)2),2.75−2.70(m,1H,−CH(CH3)2),3.62(s,2H,CH 2),3.89(s,3H,OCH 3),7.62−7.65(d,2H,ArH),7.98−8.01(d,2H,ArH),9.51(bs,NHCO)
ヘキサン(5.4L)中の式IVの化合物(400g,1.52モル)およびベンズアルデヒド(177g,1.67モル)の混合物に、攪拌しつつ、β―アラニン(27g,0.3モル)続いて氷酢酸(54.6g、0.91モル)を加えた。ディーン―シュタルク装置の助けを借りて水分を一定に除去しつつ、反応混合物を、約24時間還流した。反応の最後に、固体が沈殿した。固体を濾過し、ヘキサン(0.6L)で洗浄した。固体を酢酸エチル(3.6L)に溶解させ、続いて、攪拌しつつ脱イオン水(1.2L)を加えた。層を分離し、有機相をブラインで洗浄した。溶媒を減圧下で除去して、固体生成物が得られ、これを加熱しつつ、イソプロピルアルコール(0.85L)に溶解させた。溶液を室温まで冷却し、固体を沈殿させた。固体を濾過し、順次、氷冷イソプロピルアルコールおよびヘキサンで洗浄した。固体を真空下(10ミリバール)で約40ないし約50℃にて約6時間乾燥して、所望の生成物をEおよびZ異性体の混合物として得た。
収率:338g(0.84,w/w);LCMS:m/z(M+1)352.1;融解範囲:154−156°C;1H NMR(CDCl3)
E異性体:δ1.21−1.23(d,6H,−CH(CH 3)2),3.32−3.39(m,1H,−CH(CH3)2),3.90(s,3H,OCH 3),7.33−7.39(m,3H,ArH),7.53−7.59(m,4H,ArH),7.93(s,1H,ビニル性H),8.00−8.02(d,2H,ArH)(分析試料の融解範囲,155.0−156.2°C)
Z異性体:δ1.03−1.05(d,6H,−CH(CH 3)2),2.62−2.65(m,1H,−CH(CH3)2),3.91(s,3H,OCH 3),7.30−7.32(m,2H,ArH),7.42−7.45(m,3H,ArH),7.71−7.73(d,2H,ArH),8.03−8.05(d,2H,ArH),8.21(s,1H,ビニル性H)(分析試料の融解範囲,145.6−146.3°C)
トリエチルアミノ(0.2Lt)中の式Vの化合物(100g、0.285モル)の混合物に臭化チアゾリウム(17.94g,0.071モル)および4―フルオロベンズアルデヒド(38.82g,0.313モル)を加えた。反応混合物を約8時間還流に付した。反応の最後に、TLCまたはHPLCによる反応モニタリングによって示されるように、トリエチルアミンを減圧下で除去した。そのように得られた固体を酢酸エチル(0.75L)に溶解させ、続いて、脱イオン水(0.25L)に加えた。次いで、有機相を分離し、水性相を酢酸エチルで洗浄した。合わせた有機相を、順次、脱イオン水、酸(例えば、10%塩酸0.2L)、塩基(例えば、10%重炭酸ナトリウム)およびブラインで洗浄した。溶媒を減圧下で除去して、固体生成物が得られた。固体を、活性炭(7.5g)を加えて加熱しつつメタノールおよび水の溶媒系(9:1,0.75L)に溶解させ、還流させた。熱溶液を濾過し、残渣をメタノールおよび水の溶媒系(9:1)で洗浄した。濾液をさらに約0ないし約5℃まで冷却し、沈殿した固体を濾過した。固体をヘキサン(0.4L)で約40℃にて1時間スラリー化し、濾過した。生成物を真空(10ミリバール)下で約50℃にて約10ないし約12時間乾燥して、所望の品質の生成物を得た。
収率:156g(0.93,w/w);融解範囲:168−170°C;LCMS:m/z(M+1)476.21 1H NMR(CDCl3):δ1.15−1.18(d,3H,−CH 3),1.22−1.25(d,3H,−CH3),2.96−3.02(m.1H,CH(CH3)2),3.89(s,3H,−OCH 3),4.54−4.56(d,1H,−CO−CH−Ph),5.33−5.36(d,1H,−CO−CH−CO−),7.01−7.99(m,14H,Ar−Hおよび−NH)
ピバル酸(44.2g,0.433モル)を、4:1:1(2.52L)の比率のヘプタン、トルエンおよびテトラヒドロフランの溶媒系中の式VIの化合物(200g,0.421モル)および式VIIの[6―(2―アミノ―エチル)―2,2―ジメチル―[1,3―ジオキサン―4―イル]―酢酸t―ブチルエステル(137.9g,0.505モル)の混合物に加えた。反応混合物を約28ないし約35時間還流した。反応混合物を約0℃まで冷却し、生成物が沈殿するまで攪拌した。沈殿した生成物を濾過し、ヘキサン(1L)で洗浄した。固体を50℃にて真空(10ミリバール)下で乾燥して、所望の生成物を得た。
収率:210g(1.05,w/w),LCMS:m/z(M+1)713.2;融解範囲:158.8−159.5°C;1H NMR(CDCl3):δ1.03−1.06(m,1H,>NCH2CH 2−),1.30−1.36(2xs,6H,>C(CH 3)2 & m,1H,>NCH2CH 2−融合),1.43(s,9H,−C(CH 3)3),1.52−1.54(d,6H,−CH(CH 3)2),1.66(m,2H,C−5−CH 2−),2.2−2.4(m,2H,−CH 2COOtBu),3.6(m,1H,−CH(CH3)2),3.7(m,1H,C−4>CHO−)3.85(s,3H,−OCH 3),3.85(m,1H,C−6>CHO−),4.1(m,2H,>NCH 2−),6.97−7.85(m,14H,Ar−Hおよび−NH)
水酸化ナトリウム(2.5モル当量,1N水溶液)を、アセトニトリル(4.25L)中の式VIIIの化合物(425g,0.596モル)の溶液に加え、反応混合物を約50ないし55℃にて約4ないし5時間攪拌した。反応混合物を約25℃まで冷却し、生成物が沈殿すると、pHを20%酢酸溶液で5.5ないし6に調整した。次いで、固体を濾過し、脱イオン水およびアセトニトリルで洗浄した。得られた粗生成物を変性スピリット(7.2L)中で約1時間還流した。反応混合物を約25℃まで冷却し、固体が完全に沈殿するまで約5時間攪拌した。固体を濾過し、変性スピリット(0.42L)で洗浄した。固体を、さらに、真空(10ミリバール)下で約50℃にて約6時間乾燥して、所望の生成物を得た。
収率:324.95g(0.76,w/w);LCMS:m/z(M+1)699.3;融解範囲:239.9−241.7°C;1H NMR(CDCl3);δ1.03−1.06(m,1H,>NCH2CH 2−),1.30−1.36(2xs,6H,>C(CH 3)2 & m,1H,>NCH2CH 2−融合),1.43(s,9H,−C(CH 3)3),1.52−1.54(d,6H,−CH(CH 3)2),1.64−1.68(m,2H,C−5−CH 2−),2.2−2.4(m,2H,−CH 2COOtBu),3.6(m,1H,−CH(CH3)2),3.7(m,1H,C−4>CHO−),3.8(m,1H,C−6>CHO−),4.15−4.17(m,2H,>NCH 2−),6.97−7.92(m,14H,ArHおよび−NH)
収率:60g(0.6,w/w)。
テトラヒドロフラン(0.7L)中の式IXの化合物(100g,0.14モル)の溶液を約40ないし45℃まで加熱した。それにホウ素―ジメチルスルフィド錯体(テトラヒドロフラン中のBMS錯体2.3当量、2M溶液)を加えた。反応混合物をこの同一温度で約5時間攪拌した。反応混合物を約20ないし25℃まで冷却し、それにメタノールを加えて、過剰のBMS錯体を破壊した。有機揮発物を真空下で除去し、そのように得られた残渣を酢酸エチルに溶解させた。有機相を、順次、脱イオン水、重炭酸ナトリウム、およびブラインで洗浄した。50℃にて減圧(10ミリバール)下で溶媒を蒸発させると、得られた所望の生成物は固体であった。固体反応塊をヘキサン中でスラリー化し、濾過した。そのように得られた生成物を真空(10ミリバール)下で約60℃にて約7ないし8時間乾燥し、次の工程で用いた。
収率:95g(0.95,w/w);LCMS/m/z(M+1)685.3;融解範囲:193.8−194.6°C;1H NMR(CDCl3);δ1.03−1.06(m.1H,>NCH2CH 2−),1.30−1.36(2xs,6H,>C(CH 3)2) & m,1H,>NCH2CH 2−融合),1.43(s,9H,−C(CH 3)3),1.52−1.54(d,6H,−CH(CH 3)2),1.66−1.67(m,2H,C−5−CH 2−),2.2−2.4(m,2H,−CH 2COOtBu),3.58(m,1H,−CH(CH3)2),3.68(m,1H,C−6>CHO−),3.82(m,1H,C−4>CHO−),4.07−4.17(m,2H,>NCH 2),4.57(s,2H,−PhCH 2OH),6.87−7.21(m,14H,ArHおよび−NH)
室温にて、塩酸(1N,水溶液)を、メタノールおよびテトラヒドロフラン(1:1)の溶媒系0.125L中の式Xの化合物(25g,0.036モル)の溶液に加えた。反応混合物を約5時間、または反応が完了するまで攪拌した。反応混合物を重炭酸ナトリウム(1.53g,0.018モル)でクエンチし、減圧下で有機揮発物の除去に付した。そのようにして得られた残渣を酢酸エチルおよびトルエン(1:2,0.5L)中に取った。有機相を、順次、脱イオン水およびブラインで洗浄した。真空下での溶媒の除去の結果、固体生成物を得た。得られた固体をヘキサン中で約40℃にて約1時間スラリー化し、続いて、〜25℃まで冷却し、濾過した。得られた固体を真空(20mm)下で約60℃にて約3時間乾燥した。
収率:22g(0.88,w/w);LCMS:m/z(M+1)645.2;融解範囲:144.6−146.1°C;1H NMR(CDCl3);δ1.20−1.24(m,1H,>NCH2CH 2−),1.40−1.45(s,9H,−C(CH 3)3 & m,1H,>NCH2CH 2−融合),1.52−1.54(d,6H,−CH(CH 3)2),1.62(m,2H,C−4 CH 2(−CHOH)2),2.3−2.32(d,2H,−CH 2COOtBu),3.56−3.59(m,1H,−CH(CH3)2),3.72(bs,2H,2xOH),3.78(m,1H,C−5>CHOH),3.93(m,1H,C−3>CHOH),4.07−4.14(m,2H,>NCH 2−),4.57(s,2H,−PhCH 2OH),6.87−7.19(m,14H,ArHおよび−NH)
メタノールおよびテトラヒドロフラン(1:1,0.3L)中の式XIの化合物(60g,0.093モル)の溶液を室温にて攪拌した。反応混合物を0℃まで冷却した。水酸化ナトリウムの溶液(1N水溶液,1.2当量)を反応混合物に加え、温度を添加の間に10℃を超えさせなかった。反応混合物を約5ないし10℃にて約3時間攪拌した。次いで、溶媒を減圧下で除去した。得られた固体生成物を酢酸エチル(0.3L)に溶解させ;それに脱イオン水(0.6L)を加えた。所望の生成物を含有する水性層を分離し、酢酸エチルで洗浄した。この水性層に酢酸カルシウム溶液(0.66L,0.6当量)を加え、式Iの生成物が沈殿するまで攪拌した。生成物を濾過し、酢酸エチルで洗浄した。生成物を真空(10mm)下で約60ないし70℃にて約10時間乾燥した。前記で得られた生成物(50g,収率0.833,w/w)をメタノール(0.245L)に溶解させ、ブチル化ヒドロキシアニソール(BHA、0.05モル%)を加えた。そのようにして得られた溶液を濾過し、真空(10mm)下で40ないし50℃で蒸発乾固して、式Iの化合物(44g)の所望のアモルファス形態を得た。
全収率:44g(0.73,w/w);LCMS:m/z(M+1)589.1;1H NMR(CD3OD);δ1.36−1.39(m,1H,C−6>NCH2CH 2),1.46−1.47(d,6H,CH(CH 3)2),1.51−1.53(m,1H,CH(CH 3)2と融合したC−6>NCH2CH 2),1.67−1.68(m,2H,C−4 CH 2(−CHOH)2) 2.22−2.32(m,2H,C−2−CH 2COO−),3.33−3.37(m,1H,CH(CH3)2),3.64−3.65(m,1H,C−5>CHOH),3.89(m,1H,C−3>CHOH),3.99−4.06(m,2H,C−7>NCH 2−),4.51(s,2H,−PhCH 2OH),7.02−7.12(m,7H,ArH),7.20−7.24(m,4H,ArH),7.27−7.29(m,2H,ArH)
収率:0.82w/w;全収率:0.61
別法として、エタノール:水混合液(4:1,0.8L)中の式XIの化合物(80グラム,0.124モル)、水酸化カルシウム(13.8g,0.186モル)および臭化テトラブチルアンモニウム(2g,5モル%)の混合物を、攪拌下で、約50℃まで約5ないし8時間で加熱した。反応混合物は、TLCによって、またはHPLCによって示されるように、出発物質の消費を示す。反応混合物を熱濾過した(〜50℃)。濾液を室温(〜25℃)まで冷却し、攪拌下で脱イオン水(2.4L)に充填した。沈殿した生成物を濾過し、水(0.16L)で洗浄し、吸引乾燥した。湿潤ケーキを固体の完全な溶解まで酢酸エチル:水混合液(1:1,1.6L)中で還流した。反応混合物を、攪拌しつつ、約2時間で25℃まで冷却して、所望の質の式Iの化合物を得た。固体を濾過し、酢酸エチル(0.32L)で洗浄し、吸引乾燥し、さらに前記条件下で乾燥した。収率50.5g(0.63,w/w)。前記した生成物のさらなる処理により、式Iのアモルファス化合物を得る。
Claims (10)
- (a)式IIの化合物を式IIIの化合物と反応させて、
(b)式IVの化合物をベンズアルデヒドと反応させて、式V;
(c)式Vの化合物を4−フルオロベンズアルデヒドと反応させて、式VI;
(d)式VIの化合物を式VIIの化合物と反応させて、
ここに、工程(a)ないし(h)の生成物のいずれの精製もカラムクロマトグラフィーを用いることなく行われ、および工程(h)における反応は式XIの化合物の式Iのカルシウム塩へのワン−ポット変換を含むことを特徴とする、式Iの(3R,5R)−7−[2−(4−フルオロフェニル)−5−イソプロピル−3−フェニル−4−[(4−ヒドロキシメチルフェニルアミノ)カルボニル]−ピロール−1−イル]−3,5−ジヒドロキシ−ヘプタン酸ヘミカルシウム塩、
- 工程(a)がトルエン中での反応を含む請求項1記載の製法。
- 工程(c)がトリエチルアミンを含む請求項1記載の製法。
- 工程(e)の反応が、水酸化ナトリウムの存在下で、アセトニトリル、プロピオニトリル、ジメチルスルホキシド、ジメチルホルムアミドおよびジメトキシエタン、またはメタノール:テトラヒドロフラン(1:3)から選択される1以上の溶媒中で約50ないし約55℃の範囲の温度で約4ないし5時間または約30℃にて約8ないし10時間行われる請求項1記載の製法。
- 工程(f)が約40ないし約45℃の範囲の温度にて約5時間行われる請求項1記載の製法。
- 工程(g)の反応がメタノール:テトラヒドロフラン:水(1:1:1)中で行われる請求項1記載の製法。
- 工程(h)の反応がテトラヒドロフラン:脱イオン化水(1:1)中で行われる請求項1記載の製法。
- 工程(h)の反応が、水酸化カルシウム、ならびにハロゲン化テトラアルキルアンモニウム、硫酸水素テトラブチルアンモニウム、チオシアン酸テトラブチルアンモニウム、テトラフルオロホウ酸テトラブチルアンモニウム、塩化ベンジルトリブチルアンモニウムおよびハロゲン化テトラアルキルホスホニウムから選択される相間移動触媒の存在下でエタノール:水(4:1)中で行われる請求項1記載の製法。
- 工程(h)の反応が約30ないし約50℃の範囲の温度で約2ないし約8時間行われる請求項1記載の製法。
- 工程(h)の生成物がアモルファスである請求項1記載の製法。
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