JP2007527102A - 相互接続用のナノスケールの金属ペーストおよび使用方法 - Google Patents
相互接続用のナノスケールの金属ペーストおよび使用方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2007527102A JP2007527102A JP2006554151A JP2006554151A JP2007527102A JP 2007527102 A JP2007527102 A JP 2007527102A JP 2006554151 A JP2006554151 A JP 2006554151A JP 2006554151 A JP2006554151 A JP 2006554151A JP 2007527102 A JP2007527102 A JP 2007527102A
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- metal
- particles
- metal alloy
- silver
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- H01L24/01—Means for bonding being attached to, or being formed on, the surface to be connected, e.g. chip-to-package, die-attach, "first-level" interconnects; Manufacturing methods related thereto
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- H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
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- H01B1/22—Conductive material dispersed in non-conductive organic material the conductive material comprising metals or alloys
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
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- B23K35/0244—Powders, particles or spheres; Preforms made therefrom
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K3/00—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
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Abstract
Description
ナノスケール銀ペースト対マイクロメートルサイズの銀ペースト
銀は、はんだおよび銀を充填した導電性エポキシなど、その他の知られている相互接続材料と比較して遜色がない。共晶Pb−Snはんだは、大部分の相互接続で使用されるが、鉛フリーの代替例が広まりつつある。発光ダイオード(LED)および半導体レーザの結合などのより高い温度での適用例の場合、共晶AuSnは、PbベースまたはSnベースのはんだよりも高い温度に達することができるのでしばしば推奨される。しかし、これは非常に高価な溶液である。銀充填導電性エポキシは、シリコンデバイス相互接続の適用例で現在使用されている。例えば導電性エポキシは、銅キャビティにシリコンダイスを固定するために、International RectifierのDirectFET(商標)で使用されている。これらの材料の性質を表1に列挙し、いくつかを図4a〜cにも示す。
種々のタイプの相互接続材料のプロセスの比較
いくつかの高温溶融はんだが、高温半導体デバイス相互接続の適用例で現在使用されている。例えば、共晶Au80Sn20はんだは310〜330℃でリフローすることができ、その融点280℃よりも低い温度で使用することができる。はんだのリフローと、本発明のナノスケール銀ペーストの焼結との主な相違には、下記の事項が含まれる。
マイクロメートルサイズの銀を含有する銀ペーストの使用に関する従来技術
現在市販されている銀/銀合金ペーストは、マイクロメートルサイズの銀(サイズが500nmよりも大きく、典型的な場合にはサイズが10〜100μm程度の銀粒子)を含有する。典型的な場合、これらのペーストは、高密度が実現されるように、合金の融点に近い高温で焼成しなければならない。例えば、銀ペーストの推奨される焼成プロフィールは、900℃程度に加熱することである(しかし、より低い温度、例えば700℃で、機械的強度に対して適度に高い密度を得ることが可能である)。これらは、様々な電子適用例に向けた導電性トレース/パターン(パッケージ基板)および電極(キャパシタ)を形成するために、最も頻繁に使用される。これらは典型的な場合、本発明で提示されるように、デバイスと基板との間の相互接続を形成するのに使用されない。これらの製品に関し、DuPont、Heraeus、およびFerroなど、非常に数多くの供給元がある。銀ペーストは、ダイ取着および相互接続材料とも見なされている。これを利用するために、アセンブリに外圧をかけて(約40MPa)、焼結温度を300℃以下に低下させるが(例えば、特許文献1、非特許文献6および7参照)、これは基本的に、半導体デバイスを破壊することなく曝露することができる最大温度である。しかし、加えられた高い圧力は、パッケージ産業において標準的なものではなく、深刻な問題が取着/相互接続プロセスに課される可能性があり、そのためより多くの障害(例えば、亀裂が入ったダイ)、およびより高い製造コストにつながる可能性がある。既存の生産ラインには、大きな修正が必要である可能性があり、したがって、はんだの代替例と見なすことはできない。より高いコストだけでも、この産業での採用が阻まれる可能性がある。
本発明のペースト中にある金属粒子の稠密化温度/速度の調節は、結合剤系に進入する成分のタイプを調節することによって実現することができる。特に、銀の任意の所与の粒径(あるいはその他の金属または金属合金)に対し、焼成温度を上昇または低下させることが可能である。例えば、上記にて論じたようなナノ銀ペーストなどの稠密化の効果的な開始の増加が望まれる場合、この開始は、結合剤系成分の代わりに、所望のまたは目標とするピーク処理温度に厳密に一致するように、より高い温度で燃焼する代替例を用いることによって、実現することができる(例えば結合剤系は、金属または金属合金粒子の焼結温度と同じかまたはわずかに低い温度(例えば50℃、または30℃、または10℃以内)で揮発しまたはその他の方法で分解するように選ばれる)。これには、その温度に達したときに素早く稠密化するナノスケール銀が維持され、したがって処理時間が短く保たれるという追加の利点がある。
Claims (20)
- 500nm以下の粒径の複数の粒子からなる金属または金属合金粉末と、
金属または金属合金粉末の粒子に結合した分散剤であって、金属または金属合金粉末の前記粒子の凝集を減少させまたは防止するのに十分な量で存在する分散剤と、
前記金属または金属合金粉末の焼結温度よりも低い揮発温度を有する結合剤と
を含むことを特徴とする、電気相互接続を形成するための組成物。 - 前記粒径は100nm以下であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の組成物。
- 前記金属または金属合金は、銀または銀合金であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の組成物。
- 分散剤は、脂肪酸または魚油であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の組成物。
- 前記結合剤はポリマー材料であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の組成物。
- 粘度調節剤成分をさらに含むことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の組成物。
- デバイスおよび基板上の接点に位置決めされ、かつこれらの間に挟まれた500nm以下のサイズを有する金属または金属合金粒子を焼結するステップであって、前記金属または金属合金粒子から、デバイスおよび基板との機械的、熱的、または電気的な相互接続の1つまたは複数を実施する金属または金属合金層を形成する前記焼結ステップ
を含むことを特徴とする、デバイスと基板との機械的、熱的、または電気的な接続の少なくとも1つを実施する相互接続の形成方法。 - デバイスと基板との少なくとも一方の、少なくとも1つの電気接点に、前記金属または金属合金粒子を堆積させるステップをさらに含むことを特徴とする請求項7に記載の方法。
- 前記堆積させるステップは、スクリーニング、プリンティング、またはステンシル処理によって実施されることを特徴とする請求項8に記載の方法。
- 前記金属または金属合金粒子は100nm以下のサイズのものであることを特徴とする請求項7に記載の方法。
- 焼結ステップ中に、デバイスおよび基板を一緒に保持するステップをさらに含むことを特徴とする請求項7に記載の方法。
- 前記金属または金属合金は、銀または銀合金であることを特徴とする請求項7に記載の方法。
- 前記金属または金属合金は、前記焼結ステップの前に、前記金属または金属合金粒子の凝集を減少させまたは防止するのに十分な量で存在する金属または金属合金に結合した分散剤と、前記金属または金属合金粒子の焼結温度よりも低い揮発温度を有する結合剤とを含むペーストの形で存在することを特徴とする請求項7に記載の方法。
- 前記基板と前記デバイスの接点の間に、500nm以下の粒径の複数の粒子からなる金属または金属合金粉末と、金属または金属合金粉末の粒子に結合した、金属または金属合金粉末の前記粒子の凝集を減少させまたは防止するのに十分な量で存在する前記分散剤と、前記金属または金属合金粉末の焼結温度よりも低い揮発温度を有する結合剤とを含むペーストを位置決めするステップと、
前記ペーストを、前記結合剤および前記分散剤が除去されるように、かつ前記金属または金属合金粉末の金属粒子を一緒に焼結して、前記金属または金属合金粒子から、デバイスおよび基板の機械的、熱的、または電気的な相互接続の少なくとも1つを実施する金属または金属合金層が形成されるように、十分な温度および時間で加熱するステップと
を含むことを特徴とする、基板とデバイスを接続するための方法。 - 前記金属または金属合金は、銀または銀合金であることを特徴とする請求項14に記載の方法。
- 前記粒子はサイズが100nm以下であることを特徴とする請求項14に記載の方法。
- 前記位置決めステップは、ステンシル処理、プリンティング、またはスクリーニングによって実施することを特徴とする請求項14に記載の方法。
- 所望の揮発温度に基づいて、前記ペースト中の前記結合剤を選択するステップをさらに含むことを特徴とする請求項14に記載の方法。
- 前記加熱ステップ中に、事前設定された温度まで、前記結合剤と共に前記金属または金属合金粒子を分離するステップであって、前記事前設定された温度は、前記結合剤と、前記金属または金属合金粒子の焼結温度とに基づいて決定されるステップをさらに含むことを特徴とする請求項14に記載の方法。
- 前記事前設定された温度は、前記金属または金属合金粒子の焼結温度と同じかまたはわずかに低いことを特徴とする請求項19に記載の方法。
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JP2018137213A (ja) * | 2017-02-22 | 2018-08-30 | ゼロックス コーポレイションXerox Corporation | ハイブリッドナノ銀/液体金属インク組成物およびその使用 |
JP2023041064A (ja) * | 2017-11-13 | 2023-03-23 | 日東電工株式会社 | 焼結接合用組成物、焼結接合用シート、および焼結接合用シート付きダイシングテープ |
JP7440598B2 (ja) | 2017-11-13 | 2024-02-28 | 日東電工株式会社 | 焼結接合用組成物、焼結接合用シート、および焼結接合用シート付きダイシングテープ |
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WO2005079353A2 (en) | 2005-09-01 |
WO2005079353A3 (en) | 2005-12-08 |
EP1716578A2 (en) | 2006-11-02 |
CN1961381A (zh) | 2007-05-09 |
KR20070033329A (ko) | 2007-03-26 |
EP1716578A4 (en) | 2009-11-11 |
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