JP2006265554A - 潤滑組成物 - Google Patents
潤滑組成物 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP2006265554A JP2006265554A JP2006075503A JP2006075503A JP2006265554A JP 2006265554 A JP2006265554 A JP 2006265554A JP 2006075503 A JP2006075503 A JP 2006075503A JP 2006075503 A JP2006075503 A JP 2006075503A JP 2006265554 A JP2006265554 A JP 2006265554A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- ppm
- automatic transmission
- group
- friction modifiers
- transmission fluid
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
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- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 67
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- KZNICNPSHKQLFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N succinimide Chemical compound O=C1CCC(=O)N1 KZNICNPSHKQLFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 66
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- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 17
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- 230000003449 preventive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- AOHJOMMDDJHIJH-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylenediamine Chemical compound CC(N)CN AOHJOMMDDJHIJH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- AYNUCZFIHUUAIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N s-(2h-triazol-4-yl)thiohydroxylamine Chemical compound NSC1=CNN=N1 AYNUCZFIHUUAIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940116351 sebacate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-L sebacate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CCCCCCCCC([O-])=O CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M133/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen
- C10M133/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
- C10M133/16—Amides; Imides
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Abstract
【解決手段】 主要量の基油、一種類以上の摩擦調整剤、および一種類以上の無灰分散剤を含んでなる自動変速機液組成物を提供する。ここで一種類以上の摩擦調整剤によってもたらされる全窒素含有量は約300ppm、あるいはそれ以上であり、また一種類以上の無灰分散剤によってもたらされる全窒素含有量は約500ppmあるいはそれ以上である。当自動変速機液の動粘度は100℃で約4cStから約6.5cStであり、またブルックフィールド粘度は−40℃で約4,000cPから約20,000cPである。
【選択図】なし
Description
(1)化学式(I)で表されるスクシンイミド:
(2)化学式(II)で表されるビス−スクシンイミド:
Rは水素、C1からC25の直鎖あるいは分岐鎖のアルキルラジカル、C1からC12のアルコキシラジカル、およびC2からC6のアルキレンラジカルから成る群から独立して選択され、
aは1から6までの整数であり、また
bは0、あるいは1から10までの整数である。
(3)化学式(III)、(IV)によって表されるイミダゾリン、またはそれらの混合物:
(4)アミンまたはアミド。一種類以上の摩擦調整剤によってもたらされる自動変速機液中の全窒素含有量は約300ppm、あるいはそれ以上であり、また一種類以上の分散剤によってもたらされる全窒素含有量は約500ppmあるいはそれ以上である。当自動変速機液の動粘度は100℃で約4cStから約6.5cStであり、またブルックフィールド粘度は−40℃で約4,000cPから約20,000cPである。
発明の詳細な記述
本開示に基づき、少なくとも一種類の摩擦調整剤を含んだ自動変速機液組成物が提供される。開示された流体組成物は、自動変速機、無段変速機、またはデュアルクラッチトランスミッションにおいて好適である。さらに、当自動変速機液は、滑りトルクコンバータクラッチ、ロックアップトルクコンバータクラッチ、スターティングクラッチ、および少なくとも一つのシフトクラッチを備えた、少なくとも一種類の変速機において使用するのに好適である。このような変速機には、四速、五速、六速、および七速の変速機、及びチェーン、ベルト、ディスク、またはトロイダルタイプの無段変速機が含まれる。
いくつかの実施態様において、当組成物は一種類以上の摩擦調整剤を含んで成る。当摩擦調整剤には、スクシンイミド、ビス−スクシンイミド、アルキル化脂肪族アミン、エトキシル化脂肪族アミン、アミド、グリセロールエステル、およびイミダゾリンの少なくなくとも一つ以上が含まれる。
スクシンイミド摩擦調整剤
適切なスクシンイミド摩擦調整剤は、脂肪族カルボン酸、あるいはその無水物などのようなアルケニルコハク酸、及びアンモニアから生成される。例えば、当スクシンイミドには、無水コハク酸、及びアンモニアの反応生成物が含まれる。当アルケニルコハク酸のアルケニル基は、短鎖のアルケニル基、例えば約12から約36の炭素原子を含んで成るアルケニル基である。さらに、当スクシンイミドは、約C12から約C36の脂肪族ヒドロカルビルスクシンイミドを含んで成る。さらに別の例として、当スクシンイミドは約C16から約C28の脂肪族ヒドロカルビルスクシンイミドを含んで成る。また別の例では、当スクシンイミドは約C18から約C24の脂肪族ヒドロカルビルスクシンイミドを含んで成る。
ビス−スクシンイミド摩擦調整剤
いくつかの実施態様において、摩擦調整剤は化学式(II)で表されるビス−スクシン
イミドを含んで成る:
Rは水素、C1からC25の直鎖あるいは分岐鎖のアルキルラジカル、C1からC12のアルコキシラジカル、およびC2からC6のアルキレンラジカルから成る群から独立して選択され、
aは1から6までの整数であり、また
bは0、あるいは1から10までの整数である。
イミダゾリン摩擦調整剤
別の好適な摩擦調整剤は、化学式(III)、(IV)で表されるイミダゾリン、またはそれらの混合物を含んで成る:
ミン、xが3である場合はテトラエチレンペンタミンであり、これらはみな好適なポリアミンである。高級ポリアミンの商業的混合物もまた好適である。アミノ基は、o−フェニレンジアミン、p−フェニレンジアミン、4,4’−ジアミノジフェニルアミン、メラミン、または中でも1,8−ジアミノ−p−メンタンなどのように、芳香族あるいは脂肪族環構造に接続しているか、またはそれらの一部であり得る。
無灰分散剤
パワートランスミッション液には、スクシンイミド分散剤、コハク酸エステル分散剤、コハク酸エステルアミド分散剤、マンニッヒ塩基分散剤、それらのリン酸化された形態、およびそれらのホウ素化された形態から成る群から選択された油溶性分散剤などのような、一種類以上の分散剤が含まれる。当分散剤は、第2級アミノ基と反応することのできる酸性分子によって覆われていることがある。ヒドロカルビル基の分子量は約600から約3000の範囲、例えば約750から約2500、また別の例では約900から約1500である。
の無水物との反応生成物が含まれる。この炭化水素置換のカルボン酸またはその無水物は、好適な分子量の、ポリイソブテンのようなポリオレフィンと、不飽和ポリカルボン酸またはその無水物、例えば無水マレイン酸、マレイン酸、フマル酸、およびこのような物質の二つ以上の混合物を含んだ類似物との反応により生成される。
ルムアルデヒド、およびグリコール酸で処理することにより生成された、後処理された分散剤であり得る。
00ppmまたはそれ以上の全窒素含有量をもたらすのに十分な量の分散剤が含まれる。さらに別の例では、使用される分散剤の全量には、約500ppmから約3000ppmの全窒素含有量をもたらすのに十分な量の分散剤が含まれる。またさらに別の例では、使用される分散剤の全量には、約600ppmから約3000ppmの全窒素含有量をもたらすのに十分な量の分散剤が含まれる。また別の例では、使用される分散剤の全量には、約1000ppmから約3000ppmの全窒素含有量をもたらすのに十分な量の分散剤が含まれる。
基油
いくつかの実施態様において、当組成物にはさらに基油も含まれている。基油は、例えば天然油、合成油、またはそれらの混合物のいずれかから選択される。基油は組成物中に主要量で存在する。「主要量」とは約50重量%、あるいはそれ以上を意味することを理解されたい。
ケニルマロン酸など)と、多種のアルコール(例えば、ブチルアルコール、ヘキシルアルコール、ドデシルアルコール、2−エチルヘキシルアルコール、エチレングリコール、ジエチレングリコールモノエーテル、プロピレングリコールなど)とのエステルが含まれる。これらのエステルの特定の例として、アジピン酸ジブチル、セバシン酸ジ(2−エチルヘキシル)、フマル酸ジ−n−ヘキシル、セバシン酸ジオクチル、アゼライン酸ジイソオクチル、アゼライン酸ジイソデシル、フタル酸ジオクチル、フタル酸ジデシル、セバシン酸ジエイコシル、リノール酸二量体の2−エチルヘキシルジエステル、1モルのセバシン酸と2モルのテトラエチレングリコールおよび2モルの2−エチルヘキサン酸などとを反応させて得られる複合エステルなどが挙げられる。
その他の添加剤
いくつかの実施態様において、パワートランスミッション液には、清浄剤、酸化防止剤、分散媒、金属活性低下剤、染料、マーカー、銅腐食防止剤、殺虫剤、帯電防止剤、乳化破壊剤、ディヘイザー、凍結防止剤、潤滑剤、極圧添加剤、低温流動性向上剤、摩擦調整剤、耐磨耗剤、消泡剤、粘度指数向上剤、防錆剤、シール膨張剤、および空気除去剤などから選択された、それらに限定はされないが、少なくとも一種類の添加剤が含まれる。
プ処理剤として使用される追加的な添加剤が含まれ、またこれらに限定されない。ここで使用されるトップ処理とは、部分的または完全に配合された(完成した)パワートランスミッション液に加えられる、流体組成物のことである。トップ処理は、いつ添加してもかまわない。例えば、トップ処理剤は、例えば工場などの製造業者、修理サービスなどのエンドユーザー、あるいは流体にトップ処理剤の特性を加えることを望む任意の者によって添加され得る。
摩擦耐久性
LFW−1摩擦試験機を使用して流体を試験することにより、摩擦耐久性を実証することができる。LFW−1とは、ブロックオンリング摩擦試験機のことである。図1はLFW−1ブロックオンリング摩擦試験機の説明図である。
の例において説明される数値は可能な限り正確に報告されている。しかしながらいかなる数値も、それぞれの試験測定における標準偏差に起因する、ある種のエラーを本質的に含んでいる。さらに、ここに開示されたすべての領域は、そこに包含されたすべての部分的範囲を含むことが理解されている。例えば、「10以下」という領域には最小値0から最大値10までの間の(そしてそれらを含む)すべての部分範囲が含まれる。すなわち、最小値0から最大値10までのすべての部分範囲、例えば1から5までが含まれている。
本発明の特徴及び態様を示せば以下のとおりである。
1.次の(a)から(c)を含んだ自動変速機液組成物:
(a)主要の基油;
(b)一種類以上の摩擦調整剤;ここで一種類以上の摩擦調整剤によってもたらされる全窒素含有量は約300ppm、あるいはそれ以上である。また
(c)一種類以上の無灰分散剤;ここで一種類以上の無灰分散剤によってもたらされる全窒素含有量は約500ppm、あるいはそれ以上である。
2.上記1に記載の自動変速機液組成物であって、ここで一種類以上の摩擦調整剤が化学式(I)のスクシンイミドを含んで成るもの:
3.上記1に記載の自動変速機液組成物であって、ここで一種類以上の摩擦調整剤が化学式(II)のビス−スクシンイミドを含んで成るもの:
Rは水素、C1からC25の直鎖あるいは分岐のアルキルラジカル、C1からC12のアルコキシラジカル、およびC2からC6のアルキレンラジカルから成る群から独立して選択され、
aは1から6までの整数であり、そして
bは0、あるいは1から10までの整数である。
4.上記1に記載の自動変速機液組成物であり、ここで一種類以上の摩擦調整剤が化学式(III)、(IV)のイミダゾリン、またはそれらの混合物を含んで成るもの:
、およびビニリデン二重結合を有する高級オレフィン、またそれらのヘテロ原子誘導体から誘導したオリゴマー・ポリマーとしてのヒドロカルビル基を含んで成り、またnは0から5の範囲にある。
5.上記1に記載の自動変速機液組成物であり、ここで一種類以上の摩擦調整剤がアミンまたはアミドを含んで成るもの。
6.次の(a)から(c)を含んだ自動変速機液組成物:
(a)主要量の基油;
(b)次の(1)から(3)からなる群から選択された一種類以上の摩擦調整剤:
(1)化学式(I)のスクシンイミド:
(2)化学式(II)のビス−スクシンイミド:
Rは水素、C1からC25の直鎖あるいは分岐鎖のアルキルラジカル、C1からC12のアルコキシラジカル、およびC2からC6のアルキレンラジカルから成る群から独立して選択され、
aは1から6までの整数であり、また
bは0、あるいは1から10までの整数である。
(3)化学式(III)、(IV)のイミダゾリン、またはそれらの混合物:
(4)アミンまたはアミド、及び
(c)一種類以上の無灰分散剤;
ここで一種類以上の摩擦調整剤によってもたらされる自動変速機液中の全窒素含有量は約300ppm、あるいはそれ以上であり、また一種類以上の分散剤によってもたらされる全窒素含有量は約500ppm、あるいはそれ以上である。
8.上記1または6に記載の自動変速機液組成物であって、ここで一種類以上の分散剤が、スクシンイミド分散剤、コハク酸エステル分散剤、コハク酸エステルアミド分散剤、マンニッヒ塩基分散剤、それらのリン酸化された形態、およびそれらのホウ素化された形態から成る群から選択された一種類以上の油溶性分散剤を含んでいるもの。
9.上記1または6に記載の自動変速機液組成物であって、ここで一種類以上の分散剤が、ホウ素化された分散剤、リン酸化された分散剤、ホウ素化かつリン酸化された分散剤、ホウ素化もリン酸化もされていない分散剤、およびそれらの混合物から成る群から選択される要素の少なくとも一つを含んでいるもの。
10.上記1に記載の自動変速機液組成物であって、ここで一種類以上の摩擦調整剤が、脂肪族カルボン酸またはその無水物とアンモニアとの反応生成物を含んで成るもの。
11.上記10に記載の自動変速機液組成物であって、ここで当反応生成物が、少量の未反応オレフィンと、化学式(V)の酸アミドのアンモニウム塩を含むもの:
12.上記1または6の自動変速機液組成物であって、ここで基油が天然油、合成油、およびそれらの混合物の少なくとも一つを含むもの。
13.上記12に記載の自動変速機液組成物であって、ここで天然油が鉱油および植物油の少なくとも一つを含むもの。
14.上記12に記載の自動変速機液組成物であって、ここで合成油がアルファ−オレフィンのオリゴマー、エステル、フィッシャー・トロプシュ法により得られたオイル、およびガス・ツー・リキッド燃料の少なくとも一つを含むもの。
15.上記1または6の自動変速機液組成物であって、さらに清浄剤、酸化防止剤、金属活性低下剤、染料、マーカー、銅腐食防止剤、殺虫剤、帯電防止剤、乳化破壊剤、ディヘイザー、凍結防止剤、潤滑添加剤、極圧添加剤、低温流動性向上剤,摩擦調整剤、耐磨耗剤、消泡剤、粘度指数向上剤、防錆剤、シール膨張剤、金属活性低下剤、および空気除去剤からなる群から選択された少なくとも一種類の添加剤を含んで成る組成物。
16.上記1または6の自動変速機液組成物であって、ここで当流体が滑りトルクコンバータクラッチ、ロックアップトルクコンバータクラッチ、スターティングクラッチ、および少なくとも一つのシフトクラッチの少なくとも一種類を使用したトランスミッションでの使用に好適であるもの。
17.上記16に記載の自動変速機液組成物であって、ここでクラッチが炭素繊維摩擦材料を含んで成るもの。
18.上記1または6の自動変速機液組成物であって、ここで当流体が、ベルト、チェーン、ディスク、またはトロイダルタイプの無段変速機での使用に好適であるもの。
19.上記1または6の自動変速機液組成物であって、ここで当流体が、デュアルクラッチトランスミッションでの使用に好適であるもの。
20.トランスミッションを含む車であって、当トランスミッションが上記1または6に記載の自動変速機液組成物を含んでいるもの。
21.上記1または6の自動変速機液組成物をトランスミッションに使用することを含む、トランスミッションの潤滑方法。
22.(a)から(c)までを含む有効量のパワートランスミッション液を使用することにより、自動変速機装置の摩擦耐久性を改良する方法であって、
(a)主要量の基油;
(b)一種類以上の摩擦調整剤;ここで一種類以上の摩擦調整剤によってもたらされる全窒素含有量は約300ppm、あるいはそれ以上である。また
(c)一種類以上の無灰分散剤;ここで一種類以上の無灰分散剤によってもたらされる全窒素含有量は約500ppm、あるいはそれ以上である。
23.上記22に記載の方法であって、ここで一種類以上の摩擦調整剤が化学式(I)のスクシンイミドから成るもの:
24.上記22に記載の方法であって、ここで一種類以上の摩擦調整剤が、化学式(II)のビス−スクシンイミドを含んで成るもの:
またRは水素、C1からC25の直鎖あるいは分岐鎖のアルキルラジカル、C1からC12のアルコキシラジカル、およびC2からC6のアルキレンラジカルから成る群から独立して選択され、
aは1から6までの整数であり、また
bは0、あるいは1から10までの整数である。
25.上記22に記載の方法であって、ここで一種類以上の摩擦調整剤が化学式(III)、(IV)のイミダゾリン、またはそれらの混合物を含んで成るもの:
26.上記22に記載の方法であって、ここで一種類以上の摩擦調整剤がアミンまたはアミドを含んで成るもの。
27.以下の(a)および(b)を含んで成る自動変速機液のトップ処理剤:
(a)一種類以上の摩擦調整剤;ここで一種類以上の摩擦調整剤によってもたらされる全窒素含有量は約300ppm、あるいはそれ以上である。
Claims (6)
- 自動変速機液組成物であって、
(a)主要の基油;
(b)一種類以上の摩擦調整剤;ここで一種類以上の摩擦調整剤によってもたらされる全窒素含有量は約300ppm、あるいはそれ以上である、また
(c)一種類以上の無灰分散剤;ここで一種類以上の無灰分散剤によってもたらされる全窒素含有量は約500ppm、あるいはそれ以上である、
を含んでなり、ここで該自動変速機液の動粘度は100℃で約4cStから約6.5cStであり、またブルックフィールド粘度は−40℃で約4,000cPから約20,000cPである、
組成物。 - 請求項1の自動変速機液組成物であって、ここで一種類以上の摩擦調整剤が化学式(I)のスクシンイミドを含んで成り、:
組成物。 - 自動変速機液組成物であって、
(a)主要量の基油;
(b)次の(1)から(3)からなる群から選択された一種類以上の摩擦調整剤:
(1)化学式(I)のスクシンイミド:
る、
(2)化学式(II)のビス−スクシンイミド:
Rは水素、C1からC25の直鎖あるいは分岐鎖のアルキルラジカル、C1からC12のアルコキシラジカル、およびC2からC6のアルキレンラジカルから成る群から独立して選択され、
aは1から6までの整数であり、また
bは0、あるいは1から10までの整数である、
(3)化学式(III)、(IV)のイミダゾリン、またはそれらの混合物:
(4)アミンまたはアミド、及び
(c)一種類以上の無灰分散剤;
ここで一種類以上の摩擦調整剤によってもたらされる自動変速機液中の全窒素含有量は約300ppm、あるいはそれ以上であり、また一種類以上の分散剤によってもたらされる全窒素含有量は約500ppm、あるいはそれ以上である、
を含んでなり、
ここで該自動変速機の動粘度は100℃で約4cStから約6.5cStであり、またブルックフィールド粘度は−40℃で約4,000cPから約20,000cPである、組成物。 - (a)から(c)までを含んでなる有効量のパワートランスミッション液を使用することにより、自動変速機装置の摩擦耐久性を改良する方法であって、
(a)主要量の基油;
(b)一種類以上の摩擦調整剤;ここで一種類以上の摩擦調整剤によってもたらされる全窒素含有量は約300ppm、あるいはそれ以上である、及び
(c)一種類以上の無灰分散剤;ここで一種類以上の無灰分散剤によってもたらされる全窒素含有量は約500ppm、あるいはそれ以上である、
ここで該パワートランスミッション液の動粘度は100℃で約4cStから約6.5cStであり、またブルックフィールド粘度は−40℃で約4,000cPから約20,000cPである、
方法。 - 請求項4の方法であって、ここで一種類以上の摩擦調整剤が化学式(I)のスクシンイミドを含んで成り、
方法。 - 以下の(a)および(b)を含んで成る自動変速機液のトップ処理剤であって、
(a)一種類以上の摩擦調整剤;ここで一種類以上の摩擦調整剤によってもたらされる全窒素含有量は約300ppm、あるいはそれ以上である、
(b)一種類以上の無灰分散剤、ここで一種類以上の無灰分散剤によってもたらされる全窒素含有量は約500ppmあるいはそれ以上である、
のトップ処理剤。
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1705235A1 (en) | 2006-09-27 |
KR20060103145A (ko) | 2006-09-28 |
US8557752B2 (en) | 2013-10-15 |
JP4677359B2 (ja) | 2011-04-27 |
CN1837337B (zh) | 2012-05-30 |
KR100769077B1 (ko) | 2007-10-22 |
CN1837337A (zh) | 2006-09-27 |
US20060217273A1 (en) | 2006-09-28 |
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