JP2006086025A - 燃料電池システム - Google Patents
燃料電池システム Download PDFInfo
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- JP2006086025A JP2006086025A JP2004269683A JP2004269683A JP2006086025A JP 2006086025 A JP2006086025 A JP 2006086025A JP 2004269683 A JP2004269683 A JP 2004269683A JP 2004269683 A JP2004269683 A JP 2004269683A JP 2006086025 A JP2006086025 A JP 2006086025A
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- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 106
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 188
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 168
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 89
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 24
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 45
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 45
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 42
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 9
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 102220099739 rs113612866 Human genes 0.000 description 7
- 238000003745 diagnosis Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 5
- 102220068412 rs139166382 Human genes 0.000 description 5
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 4
- 102100036326 E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase Praja-1 Human genes 0.000 description 3
- 102100036333 E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase Praja-2 Human genes 0.000 description 3
- 101001001813 Homo sapiens E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase Praja-1 Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 101001001821 Homo sapiens E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase Praja-2 Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000036647 reaction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005518 polymer electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003134 recirculating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006479 redox reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002407 reforming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/04097—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with recycling of the reactants
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04223—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells
- H01M8/04225—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells during start-up
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
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- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04223—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells
- H01M8/04228—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells during shut-down
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/0438—Pressure; Ambient pressure; Flow
- H01M8/04388—Pressure; Ambient pressure; Flow of anode reactants at the inlet or inside the fuel cell
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
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- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/0438—Pressure; Ambient pressure; Flow
- H01M8/04402—Pressure; Ambient pressure; Flow of anode exhausts
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
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- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
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- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
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- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
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- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
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- H01M8/04223—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells
- H01M8/04231—Purging of the reactants
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- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
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- H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
- H01M8/0662—Treatment of gaseous reactants or gaseous residues, e.g. cleaning
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Abstract
【解決手段】 本発明の燃料電池システム(10)は、燃料ガス供給系統(31,32)のガス漏れ検出部位に内在する燃料ガスを燃料電池(20)の発電によって消費し、ガス漏れ検出部位に内在する燃料ガスの圧力低下代に基づいてガス漏れ判定を行う判定手段(50)を備えたシステムであって、ガス漏れ検出部位に内在する燃料ガスを燃料ガス供給系統(31,32)の外にパージすることによってガス漏れ検出部位の圧力を低下させる排気手段(H51)を備える。ガス漏れ検出部位に内在する燃料ガスを電力発電で消費するだけでなく、燃料ガス供給系統の外にパージすることによってガス漏れ検出部位の圧力を短時間で目標圧力に近づけることができ、ガス漏れ判定を短時間で精度良く行える。
【選択図】 図1
Description
図3はシステム起動時のガス漏れ判定処理ルーチン(S102)を記述したフローチャートである。同ルーチンが呼び出されると、制御部50はタンクバルブH201、水素供給バルブH200、FCスタック入口バルブH21、及びFCスタック出口バルブH22を開き、燃料ガス供給路31を通じて燃料電池20に燃料ガスを供給する(S201)。次いで、制御部50は燃料ガス供給系統に配設されている全ての圧力センサP5〜P6のそれぞれの圧力値が所定の圧力値Pj1〜Pj7以上であるか否かを判定する(S202)。全ての圧力センサP5〜P6のそれぞれが所定の圧力値Pj1〜Pj7以上に達し、燃料ガス供給路31及び燃料ガス循環路32の圧力がガス漏れ判定を行える状態にまで昇圧すると(S202;YES)、制御部50はタンクバルブH201、水素供給バルブH200、FCスタック入口バルブH21、及びFCスタック出口バルブH22を閉弁し(S203)、燃料ガス供給路31及び燃料ガス循環路32を密封する。そして、密封状態から所定時間t1経過後に(S204)、制御部50は圧力センサP5〜P6の圧力値をP5P〜P6Pとして記憶する(S205)。更に、密封状態から所定時間t2経過すると(S206)、制御部50は記憶済みの圧力値P5P〜P6Pと、所定時間t2経過時点で圧力センサP5〜P6が検出した圧力値との差圧ΔP5〜ΔP6を演算する(S207)。ここで求めた差圧ΔP5〜ΔP6は時間(t2−t1)の圧力低下量に相当する。制御部50はそれぞれの差圧ΔP5〜ΔP6が所定の圧力値pj8〜Pj14以上であるか否かを判定する(S208)。差圧ΔP5〜ΔP6の全てが所定の圧力値pj8〜Pj14以下である場合には(S208;NO)、ガス漏れがないと考えられるので、システム起動を完了し、通常発電を開始する(S209)。一方、差圧ΔP5〜ΔP6のうち何れか一つでも所定の圧力値pj8〜Pj14以上である場合には(S208;YES)、制御部50はガス漏れが生じていると判定する(S210)。
Claims (8)
- 燃料ガス供給系統のガス漏れ検出部位に内在する燃料ガスを燃料電池のアノード極で消費し、前記ガス漏れ検出部位に内在する燃料ガスの圧力変化状態に基づいてガス漏れ判定を行う判定手段を備えた燃料電池システムであって、前記ガス漏れ検出部位に内在する燃料ガスを前記燃料ガス供給系統の外にパージすることによって前記ガス漏れ検出部位の圧力を低下させる排気手段を備える、燃料電池システム。
- 請求項1に記載の燃料電池システムであって、前記排気手段は燃料ガスをパージすることによって、前記ガス漏れ検出部位の圧力が目標圧力を下回る場合には燃料ガスのパージを制限するように構成されている、燃料電池システム。
- 請求項1又は請求項2に記載の燃料電池システムであって、前記排気手段は前記ガス漏れ検出部に内在する燃料ガスの消費量に応じて燃料ガスのパージ量を可変にする、燃料電池システム。
- 請求項1乃至請求項3のうち何れか1項に記載の燃料電池システムであって、前記ガス漏れ検出部に内在する燃料ガスの消費量に応じて前記燃料電池の発電電流を可変にする制御手段を更に備える、燃料電池システム。
- 請求項1乃至請求項4のうち何れか1項に記載の燃料電池システムであって、前記燃料電池が発電した電力を蓄電する蓄電手段を更に備え、前記排気手段は前記蓄電手段の充電量に応じて燃料ガスのパージ量を可変にする、燃料電池システム。
- 請求項1乃至請求項5のうち何れか1項に記載の燃料電池システムであって、前記燃料電池のカソード極に酸化ガスを供給する酸化ガス供給手段と、前記燃料電池から排出されるカソード極オフガスと前記排気手段からパージされる燃料ガスとを混合希釈する希釈器とを更に備え、前記酸化ガス供給手段は前記排気手段からパージされる燃料ガスのページ量に対応して酸化ガスの供給量を変更する、燃料電池システム。
- 請求項1乃至請求項6のうち何れか1項に記載の燃料電池システムであって、燃料ガスの漏洩を検出する燃料ガスセンサを更に備え、前記排気手段からパージされる燃料ガスの1回あたりのパージ量は前記燃料ガスセンサが検出する漏れ検出閾値範囲内である、燃料電池システム。
- 請求項1乃至請求項7のうち何れか1項に記載の燃料電池システムであって、前記ガス漏れ検出部位は前記燃料ガス供給系統に配設されたバルブが閉弁することによって形成された略密閉空間であり、前記判定手段は前記バルブが閉弁してから前記略密閉空間の圧力が安定するのに要する時間が経過してからガス漏れ判定を行う、燃料電池システム。
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2004269683A JP4730646B2 (ja) | 2004-09-16 | 2004-09-16 | 燃料電池システム |
PCT/JP2005/017438 WO2006030969A1 (ja) | 2004-09-16 | 2005-09-15 | 燃料電池システムおよび燃料電池システムのガス漏れ判定方法 |
CN2005800303164A CN101015086B (zh) | 2004-09-16 | 2005-09-15 | 燃料电池系统以及燃料电池系统的气体泄漏判断方法 |
US11/660,810 US8216729B2 (en) | 2004-09-16 | 2005-09-15 | Fuel cell system and gas leak determination method for fuel cell system |
DE112005002230.7T DE112005002230B4 (de) | 2004-09-16 | 2005-09-15 | Brennstoffzellensystem und Verfahren zur Bestimmung einer Gasundichtigkeit für ein Brennstoffzellensystem |
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Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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JP2004269683A JP4730646B2 (ja) | 2004-09-16 | 2004-09-16 | 燃料電池システム |
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JP2006086025A true JP2006086025A (ja) | 2006-03-30 |
JP2006086025A5 JP2006086025A5 (ja) | 2007-06-21 |
JP4730646B2 JP4730646B2 (ja) | 2011-07-20 |
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JP2004269683A Expired - Fee Related JP4730646B2 (ja) | 2004-09-16 | 2004-09-16 | 燃料電池システム |
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US (1) | US8216729B2 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4730646B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN101015086B (ja) |
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US8074492B2 (en) * | 2006-04-10 | 2011-12-13 | Robert Brockmann | Method and apparatus for the detection of leaks |
KR20160057314A (ko) * | 2014-11-13 | 2016-05-23 | 도요타지도샤가부시키가이샤 | 연료 전지 시스템 및 수소 가스 누설 검출 방법 |
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Also Published As
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DE112005002230B4 (de) | 2023-03-02 |
WO2006030969A1 (ja) | 2006-03-23 |
US20070207355A1 (en) | 2007-09-06 |
DE112005002230T5 (de) | 2007-08-09 |
CN101015086B (zh) | 2010-06-16 |
CN101015086A (zh) | 2007-08-08 |
US8216729B2 (en) | 2012-07-10 |
JP4730646B2 (ja) | 2011-07-20 |
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