JP2005206423A - 粉粒状炭化物の製造方法 - Google Patents
粉粒状炭化物の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2005206423A JP2005206423A JP2004014806A JP2004014806A JP2005206423A JP 2005206423 A JP2005206423 A JP 2005206423A JP 2004014806 A JP2004014806 A JP 2004014806A JP 2004014806 A JP2004014806 A JP 2004014806A JP 2005206423 A JP2005206423 A JP 2005206423A
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- vinyl chloride
- chloride resin
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- waste material
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 239000005539 carbonized material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 5
- BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl chloride Chemical compound ClC=C BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 229920002522 Wood fibre Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002025 wood fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000007033 dehydrochlorination reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010985 leather Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010000 carbonizing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000002649 leather substitute Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen chloride Substances Cl.Cl IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910000041 hydrogen chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- MIDXCONKKJTLDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,5-dimethylcyclopentane-1,2-dione Chemical compound CC1CC(C)C(=O)C1=O MIDXCONKKJTLDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 235000013736 caramel Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 description 5
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 description 4
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 3
- AKHNMLFCWUSKQB-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium thiosulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=S AKHNMLFCWUSKQB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 235000019345 sodium thiosulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002835 absorbance Methods 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002013 dioxins Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009408 flooring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012085 test solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004448 titration Methods 0.000 description 2
- -1 wallpaper Substances 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N Sucrose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930006000 Sucrose Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000274 adsorptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 159000000007 calcium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007833 carbon precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006298 dechlorination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004042 decolorization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011256 inorganic filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910003475 inorganic filler Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010169 landfilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013502 plastic waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012744 reinforcing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004449 solid propellant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011550 stock solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005720 sucrose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/20—Waste processing or separation
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/52—Mechanical processing of waste for the recovery of materials, e.g. crushing, shredding, separation or disassembly
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/62—Plastics recycling; Rubber recycling
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/78—Recycling of wood or furniture waste
Landscapes
- Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Separation, Recovery Or Treatment Of Waste Materials Containing Plastics (AREA)
Abstract
【解決手段】炭酸カルシウムおよび木質繊維材を含む塩化ビニル系樹脂廃材を、加熱・脱塩化水素処理し、残渣を水性液により洗浄した後、加熱・炭化することを特徴とする粉粒状炭化物の製造方法。
【選択図】 なし
Description
以下、本発明を、実施例により更に具体的に説明する。
粉粒状炭化物について、JIS K 1474に準じて質量基準の粒度累積線図を作成する。平均粒径は、粒度累積線図において、横軸50%の点の垂直線と粒度累積線との交点から、横軸に水平線を引いて交点の示すふるいの目開き(mm)を求めて、平均粒径とする。
試料である粉粒状炭化物を115℃に調節した乾燥器中で3時間乾燥した後、デシケーター中で放冷する。乾燥した粉粒状炭化物試料を、充てん密度測定容器(JIS K 1474−5.7の図8に示された容器)にその容器の容積の1/5容量まで入れる。前記粉粒状炭化物試料の上面が一定の高さになるまで、ゴム板上で静かにたたき、更に同量の粉粒状炭化物試料を加えて静かにたたく。このたたき充填操作を繰り返し、容器の上端まで粉粒状炭化物試料を充填し、容器上部の筒を抜き取り、ステンレススチール製直定規を用いて盛り上がった部分を削り取り、粉粒状炭化物試料の上面を水平にする。前記容器内の粉粒状炭化物試料の質量を0.1gの桁まで測定する。続いて、嵩密度(L)は次の式によって算出する。
L=S/M
ここで、Sは粉粒状炭化物試料の質量(g)であり、Mは充てん密度測定容器の容積(ml)である。
連続流通式のガス吸着法による比表面積測定器(例えば、MICROMERITICS社製「Flow Sorb II 2300」)を用いて、粉粒状炭化物試料のガス吸着量を測定し、BETの式により比表面積を計算することができる。具体的には、試料である粉粒状炭化物を試料管に充填し、その試料管に窒素30容量%を含有するヘリウムガスを流しながら以下の操作を行い、粉粒状炭化物試料への窒素吸着量を求める。すなわち、試料管を−196℃に冷却し、粉粒状炭化物試料に窒素を吸着させる。次に、試料管を室温に戻す。このとき粉粒状炭化物試料から脱離してくる窒素量を熱伝導型検出器で測定し、吸着ガス量(v)とする。
粉粒状炭化物について活性炭としての吸着能を評価するために、JIS K 1474に準じて、試料150mgにカラメル試験液(サッカロースの規定濃度硫酸による炭化により得られたカラメル原液の20倍水希釈液50ml)を加え、振とう機で振とうした後濾過し、濾液の吸光度E´とカラメル試験液の吸光度E(いずれも波長430nmにおける)からカラメル脱色力(=(1−E/E´)×100(%))を求める。
粉粒状炭化物について、活性炭としての吸着性能を評価するためJWWA K 113に準じて、試料0.5gに0.1Nヨウ素溶液50mlを加え、振とう機で振とうする。次いで、遠心分離機の沈殿管に移し、2000rpmで5分間沈殿させ、その上澄液10mlに0.1Nチオ硫酸ナトリウム溶液を加えて滴定し、褐色が完全に消えるまで滴定を続ける。ここに要した0.1Nチオ硫酸ナトリウム溶液の滴定量(aml)から、次式によってヨウ素吸着量を算出する。
ヨウ素吸着量(mg/g)=((10−a・f)/試料(g)×10/50)×12.69
f:0.1Nチオ硫酸ナトリウム溶液のファクター
塩化ビニル系樹脂廃材として壁紙の粉砕品(平均粒径5mm)100gを目皿の存在する直径50mmの石英縦型炉に入れ、窒素1リットル/分流量下で室温から400℃まで1時間で昇温加熱を行い、その温度で1時間保持し、内容物の熱処理を行った。この処理物の回収量は46gであった。この熱処理物を3%塩酸水溶液で洗浄抽出し、残渣物23gを得た。この残渣物を上記の装置に仕込み、室温から850℃まで90分かけて昇温し、この温度で30分間保持して、内容物の炭化を行った。その後、引き続き、内容物を850℃に維持した状態でスチームを0.5g/分の割合で導入し、1時間賦活処理を行った。その後、加熱を停止し、室温まで冷却後、内容物を回収して、本発明の粉粒状炭化物12gを得た。
塩化ビニル系樹脂廃材として、レザーシートの粉砕品(平均粒径5mm)100gに実施例1と同様の処理を行うことにより、9gの粉粒状炭化物を得た。
塩化ビニル系樹脂廃材として、実施例2と同じレザーシートの粉砕品(平均粒径5mm)100gを用い、これに炭酸カルシウム15gを添加した後、実施例1と同様な処理を行い、9gの粉粒状炭化物を得た。
Claims (6)
- 炭酸カルシウムおよび木質繊維材を含む塩化ビニル系樹脂廃材を、破砕後、加熱・脱塩化水素処理し、残渣を水性液により洗浄した後、加熱・炭化することを特徴とする粉粒状炭化物の製造方法。
- 塩化ビニル系樹脂廃材が、壁紙廃材である請求項1に記載の製造方法。
- 塩化ビニル系樹脂廃材が人造レザー製品廃材である請求項1に記載の方法。
- 加熱・脱塩化水素処理が不活性ガス雰囲気中、300〜450℃で行なわれる請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の製造方法。
- 水性液による洗浄が塩酸水溶液により行なわれる請求項1〜4のいずれかに記載の製造方法。
- 炭化物を更に賦活することにより、活性炭として機能する粉粒状炭化物を製造する、請求項1〜5のいずれかに記載の製造方法。
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JP2005206423A true JP2005206423A (ja) | 2005-08-04 |
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JP4481021B2 JP4481021B2 (ja) | 2010-06-16 |
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Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2008056512A (ja) * | 2006-08-30 | 2008-03-13 | Nagoya City | 活性炭製造方法 |
JP2008106183A (ja) * | 2006-10-26 | 2008-05-08 | Matsushita Electric Works Ltd | プラスチックからの無機物の回収方法 |
JP2009132560A (ja) * | 2007-11-30 | 2009-06-18 | Fujifilm Corp | 活性炭の製造方法 |
JP2009155132A (ja) * | 2007-12-25 | 2009-07-16 | Kureha Ecology Management Co Ltd | 活性炭化物の製造方法及びダイオキシン類の処理方法 |
JP2009284881A (ja) * | 2008-06-02 | 2009-12-10 | Daiki:Kk | 動物用排泄物処理材 |
CN107629245A (zh) * | 2017-09-08 | 2018-01-26 | 太原理工大学 | 一种水热条件下废旧涤棉混纺织物的循环利用方法 |
CN115092912A (zh) * | 2022-06-29 | 2022-09-23 | 清华大学 | 制备碳纳米管与中间相碳微球及其复合物的装置与方法 |
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JPS4842991A (ja) * | 1971-10-06 | 1973-06-21 | ||
JPS4974198A (ja) * | 1972-11-17 | 1974-07-17 | ||
JPS63182209A (ja) * | 1987-01-21 | 1988-07-27 | Mitsubishi Pencil Co Ltd | 粒状焼結形多孔質活性炭の製造方法 |
JPH11222534A (ja) * | 1998-02-06 | 1999-08-17 | Nippon Zeon Co Ltd | 塩化ビニル系樹脂廃棄物の処理方法 |
JPH11279327A (ja) * | 1998-03-30 | 1999-10-12 | Nippon Zeon Co Ltd | 塩化ビニル系樹脂廃棄物の処理方法 |
JP2001240407A (ja) * | 1999-12-24 | 2001-09-04 | Kuraray Chem Corp | 活性炭及びその製造方法 |
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2004
- 2004-01-22 JP JP2004014806A patent/JP4481021B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
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JPS4838889A (ja) * | 1971-09-22 | 1973-06-07 | ||
JPS4842991A (ja) * | 1971-10-06 | 1973-06-21 | ||
JPS4974198A (ja) * | 1972-11-17 | 1974-07-17 | ||
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