IL201106A - An abbreviated purification process for the production of capsular pneumococcal Streptococcus polysaccharides - Google Patents
An abbreviated purification process for the production of capsular pneumococcal Streptococcus polysaccharidesInfo
- Publication number
- IL201106A IL201106A IL201106A IL20110609A IL201106A IL 201106 A IL201106 A IL 201106A IL 201106 A IL201106 A IL 201106A IL 20110609 A IL20110609 A IL 20110609A IL 201106 A IL201106 A IL 201106A
- Authority
- IL
- Israel
- Prior art keywords
- solution
- protein
- capsular polysaccharide
- retentate
- clarified
- Prior art date
Links
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 title claims description 310
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 title claims description 310
- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 title claims description 305
- 241000193998 Streptococcus pneumoniae Species 0.000 title claims description 42
- 229940031000 streptococcus pneumoniae Drugs 0.000 title claims description 42
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 10
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 title description 99
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 claims description 177
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 claims description 177
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 113
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 111
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 88
- 239000012465 retentate Substances 0.000 claims description 62
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 57
- 230000002101 lytic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 56
- 230000020477 pH reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 53
- 238000011026 diafiltration Methods 0.000 claims description 50
- 239000013592 cell lysate Substances 0.000 claims description 48
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 44
- FHHPUSMSKHSNKW-SMOYURAASA-M sodium deoxycholate Chemical compound [Na+].C([C@H]1CC2)[C@H](O)CC[C@]1(C)[C@@H]1[C@@H]2[C@@H]2CC[C@H]([C@@H](CCC([O-])=O)C)[C@@]2(C)[C@@H](O)C1 FHHPUSMSKHSNKW-SMOYURAASA-M 0.000 claims description 35
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000013060 ultrafiltration and diafiltration Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000010979 pH adjustment Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- -1 tert-octylphenoxy Chemical group 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 13
- ADWNFGORSPBALY-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;2-[dodecyl(methyl)amino]acetate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCN(C)CC([O-])=O ADWNFGORSPBALY-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000002934 lysing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000012064 sodium phosphate buffer Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium laurylsulphate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 5
- 229940009025 chenodeoxycholate Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- RUDATBOHQWOJDD-BSWAIDMHSA-N chenodeoxycholic acid Chemical compound C([C@H]1C[C@H]2O)[C@H](O)CC[C@]1(C)[C@@H]1[C@@H]2[C@@H]2CC[C@H]([C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C)[C@@]2(C)CC1 RUDATBOHQWOJDD-BSWAIDMHSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229940099352 cholate Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- BHQCQFFYRZLCQQ-OELDTZBJSA-N cholic acid Chemical compound C([C@H]1C[C@H]2O)[C@H](O)CC[C@]1(C)[C@@H]1[C@@H]2[C@@H]2CC[C@H]([C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C)[C@@]2(C)[C@@H](O)C1 BHQCQFFYRZLCQQ-OELDTZBJSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000019441 ethanol Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 229940124733 pneumococcal vaccine Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- KVGOXGQSTGQXDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-decane-sulfonic-acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCS(O)(=O)=O KVGOXGQSTGQXDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- QPRDKAJJYCDOFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N CCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)CCNCCC(O)=O Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)CCNCCC(O)=O QPRDKAJJYCDOFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 108010035713 Glycodeoxycholic Acid Proteins 0.000 claims description 4
- WVULKSPCQVQLCU-BUXLTGKBSA-N glycodeoxycholic acid Chemical compound C([C@H]1CC2)[C@H](O)CC[C@]1(C)[C@@H]1[C@@H]2[C@@H]2CC[C@H]([C@@H](CCC(=O)NCC(O)=O)C)[C@@]2(C)[C@@H](O)C1 WVULKSPCQVQLCU-BUXLTGKBSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- DGABKXLVXPYZII-SIBKNCMHSA-M hyodeoxycholate Chemical compound C([C@H]1[C@@H](O)C2)[C@H](O)CC[C@]1(C)[C@@H]1[C@@H]2[C@@H]2CC[C@H]([C@@H](CCC([O-])=O)C)[C@@]2(C)CC1 DGABKXLVXPYZII-SIBKNCMHSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- BHTRKEVKTKCXOH-BJLOMENOSA-N taurochenodeoxycholic acid Chemical compound C([C@H]1C[C@H]2O)[C@H](O)CC[C@]1(C)[C@@H]1[C@@H]2[C@@H]2CC[C@H]([C@@H](CCC(=O)NCCS(O)(=O)=O)C)[C@@]2(C)CC1 BHTRKEVKTKCXOH-BJLOMENOSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- AWDRATDZQPNJFN-VAYUFCLWSA-N taurodeoxycholic acid Chemical compound C([C@H]1CC2)[C@H](O)CC[C@]1(C)[C@@H]1[C@@H]2[C@@H]2CC[C@H]([C@@H](CCC(=O)NCCS(O)(=O)=O)C)[C@@]2(C)[C@@H](O)C1 AWDRATDZQPNJFN-VAYUFCLWSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001488 sodium phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000162 sodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 94
- 108020004707 nucleic acids Proteins 0.000 description 91
- 102000039446 nucleic acids Human genes 0.000 description 91
- 150000007523 nucleic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 90
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 52
- 235000010633 broth Nutrition 0.000 description 36
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 27
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 26
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 description 21
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 description 21
- 239000006166 lysate Substances 0.000 description 21
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 description 16
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000009089 cytolysis Effects 0.000 description 10
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 9
- 230000001413 cellular effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 7
- 101150082581 lytA gene Proteins 0.000 description 7
- 238000002415 sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 238000004128 high performance liquid chromatography Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000001542 size-exclusion chromatography Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229960005486 vaccine Drugs 0.000 description 6
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 5
- 108010062010 N-Acetylmuramoyl-L-alanine Amidase Proteins 0.000 description 5
- 238000003556 assay Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004042 decolorization Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000005481 NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 4
- LCTONWCANYUPML-UHFFFAOYSA-M Pyruvate Chemical compound CC(=O)C([O-])=O LCTONWCANYUPML-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 238000005352 clarification Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000562 conjugate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 4
- LCTONWCANYUPML-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyruvic acid Chemical group CC(=O)C(O)=O LCTONWCANYUPML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 229920004890 Triton X-100 Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 210000002421 cell wall Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 229960001231 choline Drugs 0.000 description 3
- OEYIOHPDSNJKLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N choline Chemical compound C[N+](C)(C)CCO OEYIOHPDSNJKLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000004587 chromatography analysis Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000569 multi-angle light scattering Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000035772 mutation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229940031999 pneumococcal conjugate vaccine Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003998 size exclusion chromatography high performance liquid chromatography Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000108 ultra-filtration Methods 0.000 description 3
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 206010018910 Haemolysis Diseases 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000003231 Lowry assay Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009013 Lowry's assay Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000006161 blood agar Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000872 buffer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000004899 c-terminal region Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006037 cell lysis Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008618 cell wall macromolecule catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008588 hemolysis Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000655 nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum Methods 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006920 protein precipitation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011002 quantification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009938 salting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229940001593 sodium carbonate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 235000017550 sodium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010561 standard procedure Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011146 sterile filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 description 2
- HSINOMROUCMIEA-FGVHQWLLSA-N (2s,4r)-4-[(3r,5s,6r,7r,8s,9s,10s,13r,14s,17r)-6-ethyl-3,7-dihydroxy-10,13-dimethyl-2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-tetradecahydro-1h-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-17-yl]-2-methylpentanoic acid Chemical compound C([C@@]12C)C[C@@H](O)C[C@H]1[C@@H](CC)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1[C@@H]2CC[C@]2(C)[C@@H]([C@H](C)C[C@H](C)C(O)=O)CC[C@H]21 HSINOMROUCMIEA-FGVHQWLLSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000283725 Bos Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000283690 Bos taurus Species 0.000 description 1
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 230000005526 G1 to G0 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010057249 Phagocytosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010306 acid treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012443 analytical study Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003613 bile acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003833 bile salt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940093761 bile salts Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000022534 cell killing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006285 cell suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000975 co-precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000021615 conjugation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012217 deletion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037430 deletion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960003964 deoxycholic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- KXGVEGMKQFWNSR-LLQZFEROSA-N deoxycholic acid Chemical compound C([C@H]1CC2)[C@H](O)CC[C@]1(C)[C@@H]1[C@@H]2[C@@H]2CC[C@H]([C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C)[C@@]2(C)[C@@H](O)C1 KXGVEGMKQFWNSR-LLQZFEROSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KXGVEGMKQFWNSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N deoxycholic acid Natural products C1CC2CC(O)CCC2(C)C2C1C1CCC(C(CCC(O)=O)C)C1(C)C(O)C2 KXGVEGMKQFWNSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011118 depth filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012538 diafiltration buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011038 discontinuous diafiltration by volume reduction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 125000003438 dodecyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001502 gel electrophoresis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000987 immune system Anatomy 0.000 description 1
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- 238000011534 incubation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000831 ionic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002147 killing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012533 medium component Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000011045 prefiltration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004728 pyruvic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005185 salting out Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930182490 saponin Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000007949 saponins Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000017709 saponins Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003384 small molecules Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- WDFRNBJHDMUMBL-OICFXQLMSA-M sodium;(4r)-4-[(3r,5s,7r,8r,9s,10s,13r,14s,17r)-3,7-dihydroxy-10,13-dimethyl-2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-tetradecahydro-1h-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-17-yl]pentanoate Chemical compound [Na+].C([C@H]1C[C@H]2O)[C@H](O)CC[C@]1(C)[C@@H]1[C@@H]2[C@@H]2CC[C@H]([C@@H](CCC([O-])=O)C)[C@@]2(C)CC1 WDFRNBJHDMUMBL-OICFXQLMSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002798 spectrophotometry method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001117 sulphuric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011149 sulphuric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 230000001256 tonic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K39/00—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies
- A61K39/02—Bacterial antigens
- A61K39/09—Lactobacillales, e.g. aerococcus, enterococcus, lactobacillus, lactococcus, streptococcus
- A61K39/092—Streptococcus
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
- A61K47/50—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates
- A61K47/51—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the non-active ingredient being a modifying agent
- A61K47/62—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the non-active ingredient being a modifying agent the modifying agent being a protein, peptide or polyamino acid
- A61K47/64—Drug-peptide, drug-protein or drug-polyamino acid conjugates, i.e. the modifying agent being a peptide, protein or polyamino acid which is covalently bonded or complexed to a therapeutically active agent
- A61K47/646—Drug-peptide, drug-protein or drug-polyamino acid conjugates, i.e. the modifying agent being a peptide, protein or polyamino acid which is covalently bonded or complexed to a therapeutically active agent the entire peptide or protein drug conjugate elicits an immune response, e.g. conjugate vaccines
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P11/00—Drugs for disorders of the respiratory system
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P31/00—Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
- A61P31/04—Antibacterial agents
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P37/00—Drugs for immunological or allergic disorders
- A61P37/02—Immunomodulators
- A61P37/04—Immunostimulants
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07H—SUGARS; DERIVATIVES THEREOF; NUCLEOSIDES; NUCLEOTIDES; NUCLEIC ACIDS
- C07H1/00—Processes for the preparation of sugar derivatives
- C07H1/06—Separation; Purification
- C07H1/08—Separation; Purification from natural products
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08B—POLYSACCHARIDES; DERIVATIVES THEREOF
- C08B37/00—Preparation of polysaccharides not provided for in groups C08B1/00 - C08B35/00; Derivatives thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08B—POLYSACCHARIDES; DERIVATIVES THEREOF
- C08B37/00—Preparation of polysaccharides not provided for in groups C08B1/00 - C08B35/00; Derivatives thereof
- C08B37/0003—General processes for their isolation or fractionation, e.g. purification or extraction from biomass
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
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