FI105558B - Kiinteä katalysaattori, joka on käyttökelpoinen alfa-olefiinien stereospesifiseen polymerointiin, menetelmä sen valmistamiseksi ja menetelmä alfa-olefiinien polymeroimiseksi sen läsnäollessa - Google Patents
Kiinteä katalysaattori, joka on käyttökelpoinen alfa-olefiinien stereospesifiseen polymerointiin, menetelmä sen valmistamiseksi ja menetelmä alfa-olefiinien polymeroimiseksi sen läsnäollessa Download PDFInfo
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- FI105558B FI105558B FI915092A FI915092A FI105558B FI 105558 B FI105558 B FI 105558B FI 915092 A FI915092 A FI 915092A FI 915092 A FI915092 A FI 915092A FI 105558 B FI105558 B FI 105558B
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- catalytic
- solid
- polymerization
- catalytic solid
- compound
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- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 title claims description 39
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- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004464 hydroxyphenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000000959 isobutyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002101 lytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002521 macromolecule Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000035800 maturation Effects 0.000 description 1
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000005309 metal halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- GYNNXHKOJHMOHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl-cycloheptane Natural products CC1CCCCCC1 GYNNXHKOJHMOHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001570 methylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 150000005673 monoalkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002950 monocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butane Chemical compound CCCC IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004108 n-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001280 n-hexyl group Chemical group C(CCCCC)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001624 naphthyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052755 nonmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JFNLZVQOOSMTJK-KNVOCYPGSA-N norbornene Chemical compound C1[C@@H]2CC[C@H]1C=C2 JFNLZVQOOSMTJK-KNVOCYPGSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002347 octyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001282 organosilanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- QMMOXUPEWRXHJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N pent-2-ene Chemical compound CCC=CC QMMOXUPEWRXHJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 150000003003 phosphines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002239 polyacrylonitrile Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005606 polypropylene copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002717 polyvinylpyridine Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940002612 prodrug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000651 prodrug Substances 0.000 description 1
- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003380 propellant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019260 propionic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920001384 propylene homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 1
- IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N quinbolone Chemical compound O([C@H]1CC[C@H]2[C@H]3[C@@H]([C@]4(C=CC(=O)C=C4CC3)C)CC[C@@]21C)C1=CCCC1 IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009666 routine test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002393 scratching effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000005049 silicon tetrachloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000707 stereoselective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- OUULRIDHGPHMNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N stibane Chemical class [SbH3] OUULRIDHGPHMNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- RWRDLPDLKQPQOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydropyrrole Substances C1CCNC1 RWRDLPDLKQPQOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003568 thioethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003573 thiols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium Chemical compound [V]#[V] GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PXXNTAGJWPJAGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N vertaline Natural products C1C2C=3C=C(OC)C(OC)=CC=3OC(C=C3)=CC=C3CCC(=O)OC1CC1N2CCCC1 PXXNTAGJWPJAGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012224 working solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004876 x-ray fluorescence Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000005023 xylyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F4/00—Polymerisation catalysts
- C08F4/42—Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors
- C08F4/44—Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors selected from light metals, zinc, cadmium, mercury, copper, silver, gold, boron, gallium, indium, thallium, rare earths or actinides
- C08F4/60—Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors selected from light metals, zinc, cadmium, mercury, copper, silver, gold, boron, gallium, indium, thallium, rare earths or actinides together with refractory metals, iron group metals, platinum group metals, manganese, rhenium technetium or compounds thereof
- C08F4/62—Refractory metals or compounds thereof
- C08F4/64—Titanium, zirconium, hafnium or compounds thereof
- C08F4/65—Pretreating the metal or compound covered by group C08F4/64 before the final contacting with the metal or compound covered by group C08F4/44
- C08F4/652—Pretreating with metals or metal-containing compounds
- C08F4/655—Pretreating with metals or metal-containing compounds with aluminium or compounds thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F297/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by successively polymerising different monomer systems using a catalyst of the ionic or coordination type without deactivating the intermediate polymer
- C08F297/06—Macromolecular compounds obtained by successively polymerising different monomer systems using a catalyst of the ionic or coordination type without deactivating the intermediate polymer using a catalyst of the coordination type
- C08F297/08—Macromolecular compounds obtained by successively polymerising different monomer systems using a catalyst of the ionic or coordination type without deactivating the intermediate polymer using a catalyst of the coordination type polymerising mono-olefins
- C08F297/083—Macromolecular compounds obtained by successively polymerising different monomer systems using a catalyst of the ionic or coordination type without deactivating the intermediate polymer using a catalyst of the coordination type polymerising mono-olefins the monomers being ethylene or propylene
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F10/00—Homopolymers and copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/50—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
- Y02P20/52—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals using catalysts, e.g. selective catalysts
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S526/00—Synthetic resins or natural rubbers -- part of the class 520 series
- Y10S526/901—Monomer polymerized in vapor state in presence of transition metal containing catalyst
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S526/00—Synthetic resins or natural rubbers -- part of the class 520 series
- Y10S526/902—Monomer polymerized in bulk in presence of transition metal containing catalyst
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S526/00—Synthetic resins or natural rubbers -- part of the class 520 series
- Y10S526/907—Specified means of reacting components of transition metal catalyst
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S526/00—Synthetic resins or natural rubbers -- part of the class 520 series
- Y10S526/908—Containing catalyst of specified particle size
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Transition And Organic Metals Composition Catalysts For Addition Polymerization (AREA)
- Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
- Adhesives Or Adhesive Processes (AREA)
- Crystals, And After-Treatments Of Crystals (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| BE9001054 | 1990-11-08 | ||
| BE9001054A BE1003968A3 (fr) | 1990-11-08 | 1990-11-08 | Solide catalytique utilisable pour la polymerisation stereospecifique des alpha-olefines, procede pour le preparer et procede pour polymeriser des alpha-olefines en sa presence |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| FI915092A0 FI915092A0 (fi) | 1991-10-29 |
| FI915092L FI915092L (fi) | 1992-05-09 |
| FI105558B true FI105558B (fi) | 2000-09-15 |
Family
ID=3885003
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| FI915092A FI105558B (fi) | 1990-11-08 | 1991-10-29 | Kiinteä katalysaattori, joka on käyttökelpoinen alfa-olefiinien stereospesifiseen polymerointiin, menetelmä sen valmistamiseksi ja menetelmä alfa-olefiinien polymeroimiseksi sen läsnäollessa |
Country Status (33)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (2) | US5206198A (cs) |
| EP (1) | EP0485006B1 (cs) |
| JP (1) | JP3308571B2 (cs) |
| KR (1) | KR100216665B1 (cs) |
| CN (2) | CN1029849C (cs) |
| AT (1) | ATE135376T1 (cs) |
| AU (1) | AU649489B2 (cs) |
| BE (1) | BE1003968A3 (cs) |
| BG (1) | BG61192B1 (cs) |
| BR (1) | BR9104859A (cs) |
| CA (1) | CA2055049C (cs) |
| CZ (1) | CZ287449B6 (cs) |
| DE (1) | DE69117877T2 (cs) |
| ES (1) | ES2087232T3 (cs) |
| FI (1) | FI105558B (cs) |
| HK (1) | HK219896A (cs) |
| HU (1) | HU215473B (cs) |
| ID (1) | ID907B (cs) |
| IE (1) | IE74880B1 (cs) |
| MX (1) | MX174327B (cs) |
| MY (1) | MY108600A (cs) |
| NO (1) | NO178435C (cs) |
| PL (2) | PL168852B1 (cs) |
| PT (1) | PT99401B (cs) |
| RO (1) | RO109849B1 (cs) |
| RU (1) | RU2051155C1 (cs) |
| SG (1) | SG54299A1 (cs) |
| SK (1) | SK280823B6 (cs) |
| TR (1) | TR25407A (cs) |
| TW (1) | TW207547B (cs) |
| UA (1) | UA26440A (cs) |
| YU (1) | YU47896B (cs) |
| ZA (1) | ZA918610B (cs) |
Families Citing this family (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BE1006840A5 (fr) * | 1992-05-04 | 1995-01-03 | Solvay | Systeme catalytique pour la polymerisation d'olefines; procede pour cette polymerisation et polymeres ainsi obtenus. |
| BE1005792A3 (fr) * | 1992-05-04 | 1994-02-01 | Solvay | Systeme catalytique utilisable pour la polymerisation stereospecifique des alpha-olefines, procede pour cette polymerisation et polymeres obtenus. |
| BE1007040A3 (fr) * | 1993-05-25 | 1995-02-28 | Solvay | Support de catalyseur et catalyseur de polymerisation des alpha-olefines; procedes pour leur obtention et polymerisation des alpha-olefines en presence du catalyseur. |
| BE1007503A3 (fr) * | 1993-09-20 | 1995-07-18 | Solvay | Polymeres du propylene. |
| BE1007501A3 (fr) * | 1993-09-20 | 1995-07-18 | Solvay | Polymeres du propylene. |
| BE1007698A3 (fr) * | 1993-11-04 | 1995-10-03 | Solvay | Systeme catalytique utilisable pour la polymerisation des alpha-olefines et procede pour cette polymerisation. |
| FR2717485B1 (fr) * | 1994-03-17 | 1996-06-07 | Solvay | Polymères du propylène et procédé pour leur obtention. |
| US6017842A (en) * | 1996-07-23 | 2000-01-25 | The Dow Chemical Company | Olefin polymerization catalyst composition comprising group 13 compound |
| DE19843858A1 (de) | 1998-09-25 | 2000-04-06 | Ticona Gmbh | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Polymers |
Family Cites Families (21)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3078264A (en) * | 1956-01-30 | 1963-02-19 | Celanese Corp | Polymerization of ethylene and catalyst therefor |
| NL264207A (cs) * | 1960-05-13 | |||
| US3462403A (en) * | 1964-05-11 | 1969-08-19 | Columbian Carbon | Polymerization catalyst comprising (1) transition metal amide,(2) znr2 or zncl2 and (3) ziegler catalyst or ziegler catalyst reducing component |
| FR1550186A (cs) * | 1967-08-31 | 1968-12-20 | ||
| CH543546A (fr) * | 1971-03-23 | 1973-10-31 | Solvay | Système catalytique de polymérisation des alpha-oléfines |
| LU65954A1 (cs) * | 1972-08-25 | 1974-03-07 | ||
| US4115533A (en) * | 1974-07-31 | 1978-09-19 | Mitsubishi Chemical Industries, Ltd. | Preparation of solid titanium trichloride |
| GB1557329A (en) * | 1975-10-16 | 1979-12-05 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Reduction of tici with reducing agents with lewis bases |
| US4207205A (en) * | 1975-10-16 | 1980-06-10 | Exxon Research & Engineering Co. | Reduction of TiCl4 with reducing agents modified with Lewis bases |
| GB1579725A (en) * | 1976-07-12 | 1980-11-26 | Shell Int Research | Preparation of violet tici3 |
| CA1152056A (en) * | 1979-06-11 | 1983-08-16 | Brian L. Goodall | Process for the stereospecific polymerization of an alpha-olefin and an alpha-olefin polymerization catalyst system |
| FR2460964A1 (fr) * | 1979-07-06 | 1981-01-30 | Naphtachimie Sa | Copolymeres elastomeres d'ethylene et de propylene, leur fabrication et leurs applications |
| JPS5759902A (en) * | 1980-09-29 | 1982-04-10 | Chisso Corp | Preparation of alpha-olefinic polymer |
| EP0107871B1 (en) * | 1982-10-27 | 1986-10-15 | Shell Internationale Researchmaatschappij B.V. | Process for the preparation of polyisoprene |
| DE3373482D1 (en) * | 1982-12-28 | 1987-10-15 | Toa Nenryo Kogyo Kk | Catalyst component for polymerization of olefins |
| JPS6071609A (ja) * | 1983-09-28 | 1985-04-23 | Mitsubishi Petrochem Co Ltd | オレフイン重合体の製造方法 |
| JPH0725860B2 (ja) * | 1985-05-23 | 1995-03-22 | 住友化学工業株式会社 | α−オレフインブロツク共重合体粒子の製造方法及びα−オレフインブロツク共重合体粒子 |
| US4845178A (en) * | 1985-11-21 | 1989-07-04 | Pony Industries, Inc. | Polymerization process |
| FR2596052A1 (fr) * | 1986-03-20 | 1987-09-25 | Bp Chimie Sa | Catalyseurs de polymerisation des alpha-olefines a base de trichlorure de titane |
| FR2604439B1 (fr) * | 1986-09-26 | 1989-07-28 | Solvay | Solide catalytique utilisable pour la polymerisation stereospecifique des alpha-olefines, procede pour le preparer et procede pour polymeriser des alpha-olefines en sa presence |
| DE3839813A1 (de) * | 1988-11-25 | 1990-05-31 | Hoechst Ag | Verfahren zur kontinuierlichen herstellung von katalysatoren fuer die niederdruckpolymerisation von olefinen |
-
1990
- 1990-11-08 BE BE9001054A patent/BE1003968A3/fr not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1991
- 1991-10-29 AU AU86819/91A patent/AU649489B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1991-10-29 DE DE69117877T patent/DE69117877T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1991-10-29 FI FI915092A patent/FI105558B/fi not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1991-10-29 ES ES91202789T patent/ES2087232T3/es not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1991-10-29 ZA ZA918610A patent/ZA918610B/xx unknown
- 1991-10-29 EP EP91202789A patent/EP0485006B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-10-29 AT AT91202789T patent/ATE135376T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1991-10-29 SG SG9607951A patent/SG54299A1/en unknown
- 1991-10-30 TW TW080108535A patent/TW207547B/zh active
- 1991-10-31 US US07/786,043 patent/US5206198A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-10-31 PT PT99401A patent/PT99401B/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1991-10-31 MX MX9101878A patent/MX174327B/es not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1991-11-06 MY MYPI91002052A patent/MY108600A/en unknown
- 1991-11-06 UA UA5010099A patent/UA26440A/uk unknown
- 1991-11-06 CA CA002055049A patent/CA2055049C/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1991-11-06 RU SU5010099/26A patent/RU2051155C1/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1991-11-07 BR BR919104859A patent/BR9104859A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1991-11-07 IE IE388791A patent/IE74880B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1991-11-07 YU YU177291A patent/YU47896B/sh unknown
- 1991-11-07 RO RO148707A patent/RO109849B1/ro unknown
- 1991-11-07 BG BG95435A patent/BG61192B1/bg unknown
- 1991-11-07 NO NO914362A patent/NO178435C/no not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1991-11-08 ID IDP86091A patent/ID907B/id unknown
- 1991-11-08 CN CN91111516A patent/CN1029849C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1991-11-08 JP JP29290391A patent/JP3308571B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1991-11-08 CZ CS19913400A patent/CZ287449B6/cs not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1991-11-08 HU HU3519/91A patent/HU215473B/hu not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1991-11-08 PL PL91292335A patent/PL168852B1/pl unknown
- 1991-11-08 KR KR1019910019808A patent/KR100216665B1/ko not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1991-11-08 PL PL91305596A patent/PL168898B1/pl not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1991-11-08 SK SK3400-91A patent/SK280823B6/sk unknown
- 1991-11-08 TR TR91/1045A patent/TR25407A/xx unknown
-
1993
- 1993-02-18 US US08/019,279 patent/US5733979A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1994
- 1994-11-11 CN CN94113683A patent/CN1034581C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1996
- 1996-12-24 HK HK219896A patent/HK219896A/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
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