Classifications

• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
  • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
  • D07B1/00—Constructional features of ropes or cables
  • D07B1/02—Ropes built-up from fibrous or filamentary material, e.g. of vegetable origin, of animal origin, regenerated cellulose, plastics
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
  • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
  • D07B1/00—Constructional features of ropes or cables
  • D07B1/06—Ropes or cables built-up from metal wires, e.g. of section wires around a hemp core
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
  • E01F—ADDITIONAL WORK, SUCH AS EQUIPPING ROADS OR THE CONSTRUCTION OF PLATFORMS, HELICOPTER LANDING STAGES, SIGNS, SNOW FENCES, OR THE LIKE
  • E01F7/00—Devices affording protection against snow, sand drifts, side-wind effects, snowslides, avalanches or falling rocks; Anti-dazzle arrangements ; Sight-screens for roads, e.g. to mask accident site
  • E01F7/04—Devices affording protection against snowslides, avalanches or falling rocks, e.g. avalanche preventing structures, galleries
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
  • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
  • D07B1/00—Constructional features of ropes or cables
  • D07B1/005—Composite ropes, i.e. ropes built-up from fibrous or filamentary material and metal wires
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
  • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
  • D07B1/00—Constructional features of ropes or cables
  • D07B1/02—Ropes built-up from fibrous or filamentary material, e.g. of vegetable origin, of animal origin, regenerated cellulose, plastics
  • D07B1/025—Ropes built-up from fibrous or filamentary material, e.g. of vegetable origin, of animal origin, regenerated cellulose, plastics comprising high modulus, or high tenacity, polymer filaments or fibres, e.g. liquid-crystal polymers
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
  • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
  • D07B1/00—Constructional features of ropes or cables
  • D07B1/06—Ropes or cables built-up from metal wires, e.g. of section wires around a hemp core
  • D07B1/08—Ropes or cables built-up from metal wires, e.g. of section wires around a hemp core the layers of which are formed of profiled interlocking wires, i.e. the strands forming concentric layers
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
  • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
  • D07B1/00—Constructional features of ropes or cables
  • D07B1/14—Ropes or cables with incorporated auxiliary elements, e.g. for marking, extending throughout the length of the rope or cable
  • D07B1/145—Ropes or cables with incorporated auxiliary elements, e.g. for marking, extending throughout the length of the rope or cable comprising elements for indicating or detecting the rope or cable status
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
  • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
  • D07B1/00—Constructional features of ropes or cables
  • D07B1/14—Ropes or cables with incorporated auxiliary elements, e.g. for marking, extending throughout the length of the rope or cable
  • D07B1/147—Ropes or cables with incorporated auxiliary elements, e.g. for marking, extending throughout the length of the rope or cable comprising electric conductors or elements for information transfer
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
  • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
  • D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
  • D07B2201/20—Rope or cable components
  • D07B2201/2001—Wires or filaments
  • D07B2201/2014—Compound wires or compound filaments
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
  • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
  • D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
  • D07B2201/20—Rope or cable components
  • D07B2201/2015—Strands
  • D07B2201/2016—Strands characterised by their cross-sectional shape
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
  • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
  • D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
  • D07B2201/20—Rope or cable components
  • D07B2201/2015—Strands
  • D07B2201/2042—Strands characterised by a coating
  • D07B2201/2043—Strands characterised by a coating comprising metals
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
  • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
  • D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
  • D07B2201/20—Rope or cable components
  • D07B2201/2015—Strands
  • D07B2201/2046—Strands comprising fillers
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
  • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
  • D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
  • D07B2201/20—Rope or cable components
  • D07B2201/2075—Fillers
  • D07B2201/2079—Fillers characterised by the kind or amount of filling
  • D07B2201/2081—Fillers characterised by the kind or amount of filling having maximum filling
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
  • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
  • D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
  • D07B2201/20—Rope or cable components
  • D07B2201/2083—Jackets or coverings
  • D07B2201/2089—Jackets or coverings comprising wrapped structures
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
  • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
  • D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
  • D07B2201/20—Rope or cable components
  • D07B2201/2083—Jackets or coverings
  • D07B2201/209—Jackets or coverings comprising braided structures
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
  • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
  • D07B2205/00—Rope or cable materials
  • D07B2205/20—Organic high polymers
  • D07B2205/201—Polyolefins
  • D07B2205/2014—High performance polyolefins, e.g. Dyneema or Spectra
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
  • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
  • D07B2205/00—Rope or cable materials
  • D07B2205/20—Organic high polymers
  • D07B2205/2046—Polyamides, e.g. nylons
  • D07B2205/205—Aramides
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
  • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
  • D07B2205/00—Rope or cable materials
  • D07B2205/30—Inorganic materials
  • D07B2205/3007—Carbon
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
  • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
  • D07B2205/00—Rope or cable materials
  • D07B2205/30—Inorganic materials
  • D07B2205/3021—Metals
  • D07B2205/3025—Steel
  • D07B2205/3028—Stainless steel
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
  • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
  • D07B2205/00—Rope or cable materials
  • D07B2205/30—Inorganic materials
  • D07B2205/3021—Metals
  • D07B2205/306—Aluminium (Al)
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
  • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
  • D07B2205/00—Rope or cable materials
  • D07B2205/30—Inorganic materials
  • D07B2205/3021—Metals
  • D07B2205/3067—Copper (Cu)
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
  • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
  • D07B2301/00—Controls
  • D07B2301/55—Sensors
  • D07B2301/5531—Sensors using electric means or elements
  • D07B2301/555—Sensors using electric means or elements for measuring magnetic properties
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
  • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
  • D07B2401/00—Aspects related to the problem to be solved or advantage
  • D07B2401/20—Aspects related to the problem to be solved or advantage related to ropes or cables
  • D07B2401/202—Environmental resistance
  • D07B2401/2025—Environmental resistance avoiding corrosion
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
  • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
  • D07B2401/00—Aspects related to the problem to be solved or advantage
  • D07B2401/20—Aspects related to the problem to be solved or advantage related to ropes or cables
  • D07B2401/205—Avoiding relative movement of components
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
  • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
  • D07B2501/00—Application field
  • D07B2501/20—Application field related to ropes or cables
  • D07B2501/2038—Agriculture, forestry and fishery
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
  • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
  • D07B5/00—Making ropes or cables from special materials or of particular form
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
  • E01F—ADDITIONAL WORK, SUCH AS EQUIPPING ROADS OR THE CONSTRUCTION OF PLATFORMS, HELICOPTER LANDING STAGES, SIGNS, SNOW FENCES, OR THE LIKE
  • E01F7/00—Devices affording protection against snow, sand drifts, side-wind effects, snowslides, avalanches or falling rocks; Anti-dazzle arrangements ; Sight-screens for roads, e.g. to mask accident site
  • E01F7/04—Devices affording protection against snowslides, avalanches or falling rocks, e.g. avalanche preventing structures, galleries
  • E01F7/045—Devices specially adapted for protecting against falling rocks, e.g. galleries, nets, rock traps
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
  • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
  • E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
  • E02D17/20—Securing of slopes or inclines

Definitions

• the invention relates to a longitudinal element, in particular for a pulling or suspension means, according to the preamble of claim 1.
• a longitudinal element as a core rope discloses high strength plastic fibers made of a twisted monofilament bundle or a plurality of twisted monofilament bundles and having an outer layer of steel wire strands.
• the Monofilbündel be stretched under diameter reduction and held in this state by a, in particular braided, sheath.
• the elongation of the core rope is reduced under load, so that the load distribution between the steel cross section and the plastic cross section of the rope improves.
• the cable has an intermediate layer made of an elastic plastic, in which the steel wire strands are pressed in at a distance from each other, such that the outer layer stretches under load and contracts radially.
• Nets for example, known as ring nets or braids are characterized by the fact that they have a high tensile strength and a good deformability, and therefore can be loaded to a considerable extent.
• a protective net is known as a high-strength wire mesh, preferably for a rockfall protection or for securing an earth surface layer which consists of helically bent high-strength steel.
• braided wires and has a three-dimensional structure.
• the helically bent wires have a pitch angle and a length between two bends that determine the shape and size of the mesh of the wire mesh.
• the object of the present invention was to provide a longitudinal element, in particular for a tension or suspension element, for different applications, such that it has similar properties to a longitudinal element made of wires, and this weight optimization is achieved, with a perfectly functioning operation should be permanently ensured even in harsh environmental conditions.
• the metal shell of the respective longitudinal element is mounted on the outer circumference of the core such that a gas-, UV-, light- and / or water-impermeable layer is formed for these fibers.
• these high-strength fibers which are very light in relation to their strength, are protected in several ways, namely against moisture, moisture, UV light and other environmental influences and, moreover, through the composite with the metal shell an approximately the same Elongation arises.
• the metal sheath protection against transverse pressures on the fibers is achieved. This leaves the high-strength properties of the tension or support element overall in a sustainable way.
• this inventive design of the wire-shaped longitudinal elements results in a significant advantage that they are suitable for a variety of applications.
• these longitudinal elements are suitable for tension or support elements, such as spiral or stranded cables, prestressing supports or the like, in particular for the cable car and support area. These longitudinal elements can be used both in running as well as standing rope constructions.
• these longitudinal elements but also in electrical cables, telecom cables or parts, can be used by these a perfectly functioning operation is permanently ensured even in harsh Hydraulic ⁇ conditions.
• Other applications with such wire-shaped longitudinal elements are possible in the context of the invention, in which high tensile forces and high environmental resistance are required with low weight, this advantageous at the same time Biegetrag Quant.
• These longitudinal elements can also be parallel to each other, ie. not stranded, used.
• Fig. 1 shows a longitudinal element according to the invention in perspective
• Fig. 2 shows a cross section of an inventive as a spiral egg! trained Switzerland- or Tragmittei with verlitzten longitudinal elements of Fig. 1;
• FIG. 3 shows a cross-section of an inventive trained as a stranded rope train or Tragmittei.
• FIG. 4 shows a cross-section of an inventive trained as a closed rope tension or support means.
• FIG. 5 shows a cross section of a telecom cable with wire-shaped longitudinal elements according to the invention
• FIG. 6 shows a cross-section of an electric cable with d rahtförmigen longitudinal elements according to the invention
• Fig. 7 shows a cross-section of a further variant of an electric cable with integrated wire-shaped longitudinal elements; a view of a network shown in part as a braid, which is braided from helical L jossseie- inventive inventive Lssenseie-;
• FIG. 1 a perspective view of a safety net for the protection area, which consists of interlocking annular longitudinal elements;
• Fig. 1 shows a longitudinal member 13, by means of which in particular tensile and / or bearing forces can be absorbed even for very high forces. It can be used for a variety of areas, as shown below with reference to the various embodiments.
• this longitudinal member 13 formed as a wire is produced from a core 12 made of a plurality of high-strength fibers 11 and from a metal shell 15 surrounding this core 12, preferably steel or stainless steel.
• the metal mantle 15 is arranged around the core 12 formed with the fibers 11 and is arranged along the longitudinal extent of the longitudinal belt.
• tes 1 3, for example, by a weld seam 1 5 'held at the abutting surfaces of the side edges connecting.
• the metal shell 1 5 is provided with a certain bending and / or buckling resistance in order to achieve an adapted flexibility or a sufficient impact or pressure resistance of the longitudinal element as a whole.
• the metal sheath can be provided with a variable sheath cross-section along its longitudinal extent and likewise different types of high-strength fibers 11 can be used in order to achieve the optimum design of the specific use for the different requirements.
• the metal shell may consist of a second or multiple shell layers. To achieve the variable cross-section, at least one second cladding layer may be applied to a first cladding layer at certain intervals.
• the metal jacket 15 is formed as a further characteristic of the invention with a cylindrical outer surface. Of course, this outer surface may be different depending on the needs.
• a filling layer 14 such as a gel or an adhesive, a bandage or a mixture thereof is inserted.
• a different degree of hardness of the filling layer can be used in order to achieve different transverse pressure and joining properties of the longitudinal element.
• the degree of solidification produced in the manufactured longitudinal element can be designed differently depending on the application in order to optimize the transverse compressive stiffness of the same.
• the metal shell and / or the core may be provided with a surface roughening. This results in a better connection between the fibers 1 1 and the inside of the metal jacket 15 by friction or by gluing in order to achieve a nearly uniform stress / strain profile.
• the metal sheath could also be preferably seamless as a tube into which the fibers could be introduced.
• the metal sheath could just as well be realized by at least one metal band wound around the core, which at the overlapping or abutting side edges is welded together by gluing, gluing or a similar connection or even without such a combination. could be added.
• material for the metal cladding it is suitable for a corrosion-resistant material, for example a galvanized steel, but also aluminum or copper with non-corrosive properties.
• the high strength fibers may be made, for example, from plastic fibers such as aramid (Twaron 2200) and / or carbon fibers, for example carbon fibers, or basalt fibers having a tensile strength greater than 2 ⁇ 00 N / mm 2 .
• plastic fibers such as aramid (Twaron 2200) and / or carbon fibers, for example carbon fibers, or basalt fibers having a tensile strength greater than 2 ⁇ 00 N / mm 2 .
• aramid Tewaron 2200
• carbon fibers for example carbon fibers, or
• HMPE high modulus polyethylene fibers
• Basalt fibers or fibers made from a mixture of plastic and basalt or another mineral additive could be used.
• the fibers can be parallel to each other or twisted angeord net.
• At least a portion of the high strength fibers could also be made from steel fibers (steel cords) which are preferably provided with very small diameters of, for example, 0.4 mm and with a tensile strength of preferably over 2500 l / mm 2 .
• steel fibers steel cords
• other materials than fibers are possible which have tensile strength values of more than 2 ⁇ 00 N / mm 2 .
• the core 12 formed from the high-strength fibers, steel cords and / or other materials is dimensioned with an outer diameter preferably from 1, 5 to 8 mm and corresponds approximately to a conventional wire diameter.
• the wall thickness of the metal shell is preferably between 0. 1 to 1 .0 mm, for which a steel of over 800 N / mm 2 and advantageously a high-strength steel with a strength of over 1 ⁇ 00 N / mm 2 is used.
• Fig. 2 shows a spiral rope 10, which is composed of stranded in a conventional manner longitudinal elements 13.
• a spiral rope 1 0 is particularly suitable as a holding, signal or guy rope, which is used for example for holding, clamping and / or for the energy or data transmission.
• it can also be used as a suspension rope or as a rope of aerial cableway cabins running on it.
• the longitudinal elements 13 formed as a wire are each made of a core 12 made of a plurality of high-strength fibers 11 and of at least one metal shell 15 surrounding this core 12, preferably steel.
• a stranded rope 20 is illustrated as a tensile or suspension means comprising a plurality of strands 21 stranded around a plastic sea 22.
• the individual strands 21 are formed from wire-like longitudinal elements 23, 24 by stranding, each consisting of a core 26, 27 of a plurality of high-strength fibers 28, 29 and at least one metal core surrounding this core 26, 27! 25, 35, preferably steel.
• all longitudinal elements 23, 24 of a strand 21 are designed according to the invention.
• individual longitudinal belts, such as the inner one, could also be made of a steel wire.
• Fig. 4 shows a closed spiral section 30 as a tensile or suspension means, in which the longitudinal elements 31 are provided on the outer circumference or in further additional layers in a manner known per se with a Z-shaped, meanwhile, the inner longitudinal elements 32 with a round cross-section.
• these Z-shaped as well as the inner longitudinal elements 31, 32 are each made of a core 33, 34 of a plurality of high-strength fibers 36, 37 and at least one of these core 1 2 surrounding etailmantel 38, 39, preferably steel produced These fibers 36, 37 are illustrated only at a L Lucasseiement, but advantageously all are formed.
• these Z-shaped longitudinal elements 31 are each formed with a correspondingly shaped metal jacket 39, in which this approximately Z-shaped core 33 with the Fibers 36 is included. Instead of these Z-shapes, wedge-shaped or other longitudinal elements could also be used.
• the metal shell is advantageously made of a corrosion-resistant material, such as made of INOX steel, or coated with this. But it could also be made in two or more layers.
• the outer circumference of the steel shell could be formed with corresponding recesses for wires or strands or the like.
• a continuous or a plurality of successively arranged transverse webs or the like could be arranged within the metal shell, which would cause an increase in the rigidity of the same.
• the surface of the individual longitudinal elements could be optimized with regard to surface design or roughness for the purpose of interaction.
• the surface of the cores made of high-strength fibers should be formed such that the core with the jacket with respect to E-modu! and strength an optimized connection and yet no excessive loads on the fibers in contact with the mantle arise.
• Fig. 5 schematically shows a cross-section of a telecom cable 50, which is conventionally made of conductors 51, 52, 53 in multiple layers by stranding.
• the individual conductors 51, 52, 53 can consist of individual wires or wire strands, each with a surrounding insulating jacket. It is at least one more Ladder 54 integrated in the inner layer of the rope 50, which is intended for communication purposes or the like.
• a number of wire-shaped longitudinal elements 56 are integrated in the cable 50, which respectively consist of these high-strength fibers and of the metal jacket surrounding them, which is not illustrated in detail.
• the two outer layers are in each case alternately assigned a conductor 52, 53 and adjacent to a longitudinal element 56.
• the distribution of the conductors or the longitudinal elements could also be chosen differently. This depends on the requirements for the carrying capacity of the rope 50.
• FIG. 6 schematically illustrates a cross-section of an electric cable 60 according to the invention, which consists of a conventional single- or multi-core conductor 61 with a sheath 62 and the copper conductors 63 with insulations.
• This conductor 61 is umseilt of two layers of longitudinal elements 64 with the high-strength fibers 66 and the surrounding metal jacket 65.
• Fig. 7 shows a further variant of an electric cable 70 in cross section, which consists of a U mmantelung 73, a number of insulated copper conductors 71 or the like and integrated longitudinal elements 74 therein.
• the latter with the high-strength fibers 76 and the surrounding sheath 76 are expediently dimensioned with the same outer diameter as the copper conductors 71 so that they can be stranded together.
• this electric cable 70 differences in the number and arrangement of these longitudinal elements could be provided.
• other variants of telecom or electric cables with longitudinal elements according to the invention could also be shown which, depending on the requirements or application, could be configured differently from those explained above.
• the longitudinal elements could be made with a jacket of one or more plastic layers.
• Fig. 8 illustrates the application of the invention to a known per se mesh 80 formed in a partial plan view, which is braided from helically bent inventive longitudinal elements 81, 82, which in turn are each made of high-strength fibers 84 and the metal shell 85, as indicated , End these pairwise braided longitudinal elements 81, 82 are connected by means of loops 83 or the like hinged together. In each case at least two such longitudinal elements could be provided as strands.
• the degree of hardness when using longitudinal elements 81, 82 with a filling compound is chosen so that the degree of solidification of the finished longitudinal element has a high transverse compressive stiffness, so that these helically bent longitudinal elements 81, 82 remain rigid under load. Since such nets are usually mounted in mountainous areas with poor accessibility, the weight savings of the same result in considerable advantages during transport and assembly.
• Fig. 9 shows schematically a safety net 90, which is installed, for example, on a mountainside and is achieved with him falling stones, scree, wood or similar or snow avalanches are safely collected.
• This safety net 90 is made of interlocking rings 97 in a known per se and held on support or retaining ropes 92 and anchored in the ground supports 91.
• the retaining ropes 92 are preferably equipped with known braking elements 93, which additionally absorb energy in an impact.
• the intermeshing rings 97 of the safety net 90 are each made of at least one multi-wound d rahtförmigen longitudinal member 98 and they are advantageously bound by the respective ring encompassing terminals 97 'or the like.
• these wound longitudinal elements 98 are each made in the core of high-strength fibers 94 and of a metal jacket 99 surrounding them, as illustrated in FIG. 10.
• This metal shell 99 is closed by a weld 99 'continuously along the longitudinal element 98.
• these are Welds 99 'arranged in the winding state of the L Lucasseiementes 98 on the inner side of the ring 57 so that they are claimed in the mounted state to pressure.
• the Lekseiemente 98 can be welded at its ends or provided with closure means.
• the metal shell could be preformed as a tube into a ring and the fibers introduced into this tube.
• Such longitudinal elements according to the invention could also be used with the restraining cords 92 and the braking elements 93 produced in a known manner.
• Fig. 1 1 shows a part of a grid 40, which is composed of spaced at certain intervals in the longitudinal and transverse directions strands 41, 46, the latter are each made of tortuous Lijnseiementen 42, 43 are made.
• openings 46 'corresponding to the mesh lengths are formed through which the transverse thereto arranged strands 41 are passed. In this way they are connected with each other.
• these longitudinal elements 42, 43 wound into strands each consist in the core of high-strength fibers 44 and of a metal shell 45 surrounding them.
• Such ring nets, braids or other types of nets or meshes, which are each equipped with these longitudinal elements according to the invention, are particularly suitable as slope protection , for the protection, safety, watercourse or for the field of architecture or the like. With them, either weight savings and thus transport costs and ease of assembly or better strength and serviceability values of the nets or grids can be achieved.
• FIG. 12 shows a further embodiment of a longitudinal element 16, which is similar to that of FIG. 1, and therefore only the differences are shown below.
• this longitudinal element 16 comprises a core 1 2 made up of a plurality of high-strength fibers 11, a filler layer 18 enveloping them, a composite layer 19 and a metal jacket 15 enveloping the latter.
• the metal jacket 15 is along its longitudinal extent, for example with a welded seam 1 5 '. Mistake.
• This filling layer 118 surrounding the fibers 11 preferably consists of a plastic, such as, for example, polyurethane, which can be used as a foam or as a casting resin.
• a plastic such as, for example, polyurethane
• the composite layer 19 which is an adhesive, it is achieved that a quasi-positive connection of the core 12 with the filling layer 18 and the metal shell 1 5 takes place and thus a load-redistributing force distribution of the tensile or load on the Core and the metal shell of the longitudinal element 1 6 is achieved.
• these filler layer 18 and the composite ⁇ layer 19 materials are used, t he depending on the application bendable sam, pressure-stable and low-shrinkage, so that they meet the operational requirements.
• These are plastics, preferably polyurethane, Arathan, but there are also other substances usable. If these longitudinal elements are exposed to high temperature fluctuations when installed, the materials must also be resistant to heat and cold.
• this filler layer 18 or the composite layer 19 have heat-dissipating properties as protection, so that the high-strength fibers 11 are not weakened due to overheating during welding of the metal shell 15 formed as a tube or even lose the high tensile strengths.
• a longitudinal element 16 is produced in the context of the invention in such a way that first the fibers 1 1 are placed against each other or bundled and enveloped with the filling layer 18. The latter can be pressed or applied as a resin and solidified thereon. The metal shell 15 is cut from a longitudinal plate or similar borrowed and consequently on its inner side, the composite layer 1 9 and possibly the filling layer 1 8 applied.
• the metal jacket is impermeable to gas and water after manufacture, so that the longitudinal elements remain durably weather-resistant.
• the composite layer instead of this filling and the composite layer only one or the other or it could also be provided more than one layer at a time, for example, if certain properties of the longitudinal element must be achieved.
• a thin separate layer of a heat-insulating plastic material could be embedded.
• the filling layer or the composite layer it would be possible for the filling layer or the composite layer to extend into the core between the fibers in order to achieve improved cohesion of the core.
• the metal material could also be glued by an overlap site and / or welded to the face of the protruding end of the shell.
• an optical or electrical measuring element can additionally be inserted in the core or between the metal shell and the core, so that magnetic-inductive damage detection is made possible.
• today's measuring methods for example MRI

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Architecture (AREA)
• Civil Engineering (AREA)
• Structural Engineering (AREA)
• Ropes Or Cables (AREA)
• Laminated Bodies (AREA)

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