EP3205741A1 - Kontinuierliches schmelztauchverfahren, feuerverzinktes stahlband und ausrüstung für kontinuierliches schmelztauchverfahren - Google Patents

Kontinuierliches schmelztauchverfahren, feuerverzinktes stahlband und ausrüstung für kontinuierliches schmelztauchverfahren Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3205741A1
EP3205741A1 EP15848228.1A EP15848228A EP3205741A1 EP 3205741 A1 EP3205741 A1 EP 3205741A1 EP 15848228 A EP15848228 A EP 15848228A EP 3205741 A1 EP3205741 A1 EP 3205741A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
gas
steel strip
wiping nozzle
wiping
continuous hot
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP15848228.1A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3205741B1 (de
EP3205741A4 (de
Inventor
Yu TERASAKI
Hideyuki Takahashi
Masaru Miyake
Yusuke YASUFUKU
Takumi Koyama
Atsushi Inaba
Masato Sasaki
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JFE Steel Corp
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JFE Steel Corp
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Publication date
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Publication of EP3205741A4 publication Critical patent/EP3205741A4/de
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
    • C23C2/04—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor characterised by the coating material
    • C23C2/06—Zinc or cadmium or alloys based thereon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C18/00—Alloys based on zinc
    • C22C18/04—Alloys based on zinc with aluminium as the next major constituent
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
    • C23C2/14—Removing excess of molten coatings; Controlling or regulating the coating thickness
    • C23C2/16—Removing excess of molten coatings; Controlling or regulating the coating thickness using fluids under pressure, e.g. air knives
    • C23C2/18—Removing excess of molten coatings from elongated material
    • C23C2/20—Strips; Plates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
    • C23C2/34—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the material to be treated
    • C23C2/36—Elongated material
    • C23C2/40—Plates; Strips
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
    • C23C2/50—Controlling or regulating the coating processes
    • C23C2/52—Controlling or regulating the coating processes with means for measuring or sensing

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a continuous hot-dip metal coating method, a galvanized steel strip, and a continuous hot-dip metal coating facility.
  • a steel strip 1 from inside a snout 2 enters a molten metal 4 in a coating tank 3, has its direction changed by a sink roll 5, and is withdrawn from the coating tank 3. Then a gas wiping nozzle 6 disposed above the coating tank 3 wipes away excessive molten metal so that the coating weight is controlled to a predetermined level and the molten metal adhering on the surfaces of the steel strip 1 is leveled out in the strip transversal direction and strip longitudinal direction.
  • the gas wiping nozzle 6 is usually configured to be longer than the steel strip width in order to accommodate various steel strip widths and to manage misalignment in the transversal direction during withdrawal of the steel strip, and so on, and extends outward beyond the transversal end portions of the steel strip 1.
  • Patent Literature 1 involves changing the surface properties of a temper rolling roll and rolling conditions during performance of temper rolling, which is the step subsequent to the steel sheet coating step, so that bath wrinkles are less conspicuous.
  • a method described in Patent Literature 2 involves adjusting the surface roughness of a steel sheet according to the coating weight by using a skin-pass mill and a tension leveler, etc., prior to introducing the steel sheet into the molten zinc bath so as to reduce occurrence of bath wrinkles.
  • Patent Literature 3 describes a method that involves setting the line speed and the height of the wiping nozzle from the bath surface that are optimum for the sheet thickness so as to reduce occurrence of bath wrinkles.
  • the present invention has been made under the circumstances described above and aims to provide a continuous hot-dip metal coating method that uses a gas wiping nozzle to control the coating weight and prevents occurrence of bath wrinkle defects so that high-quality hot-dip metal-coated steel strips can be stably manufactured at a low cost.
  • the present invention also aims to provide a galvanized steel strip and a continuous hot-dip metal coating facility.
  • the gist of the present invention is as follows.
  • occurrence of coating surface defects called bath wrinkles is suppressed and high-quality hot-dip metal-coated steel strips can be stably produced at a low cost.
  • a continuous hot-dip metal coating facility is a facility used in continuously dipping a steel strip in a coating bath of a hot-dip metal coating tank so as to conduct a coating treatment, and then withdrawing the steel strip from the coating bath and blowing wiping gas toward the coated steel strip from a gas wiping nozzle installed above the coating bath so as to adjust the coating metal weight.
  • the continuous hot-dip metal coating facility includes a distance meter that measures a distance between a steel strip and a tip of a gas wiping nozzle in a non-contact manner, a control unit that calculates a target temperature T of wiping gas to be injected from the gas wiping nozzle on a basis of a distance D measured by the distance meter and a gap B of the gas wiping nozzle, and a gas heating device that heats the gas to be injected from the gas wiping nozzle to the target temperature T calculated by the control unit.
  • Fig. 1 illustrates a continuous hot-dip metal coating apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 1 denotes a steel strip
  • 2 denotes a snout
  • 3 denotes a coating tank
  • 4 denotes a molten metal
  • 5 denotes a sink roll
  • 6 denotes a gas wiping nozzle
  • 7 denotes a distance meter
  • 8 denotes a control unit (CU)
  • 9 denotes a gas heating device.
  • the arrow indicates the direction in which the steel strip 1 is moved.
  • the steel strip 1 from inside the snout 2 enters the molten metal 4 in the coating tank 3, has its direction changed by the sink roll 5, and is withdrawn from the coating tank 3. Then excess molten metal is wiped away by the gas wiping nozzle 6 installed above the coating tank 3 so that the coating weight is controlled to a predetermined weight.
  • Fig. 2 is an enlarged view of a tip of the gas wiping nozzle 6.
  • the distance between the tip of the gas wiping nozzle 6 and the steel strip 1 is indicated by D for the sake of convenience.
  • the gas wiping nozzle 6 includes an upper nozzle part 6a and a lower nozzle part 6b and the gap in the gas wiping nozzle 6 is indicated by B.
  • the distance meter 7 is, for example, installed below the gas wiping nozzle 6.
  • the distance meter 7 continuously measures the distance D between the tip of the gas wiping nozzle 6 and the steel strip 1 and inputs the reading to the control unit 8.
  • the control unit 8 calculates a target temperature of the wiping gas to be heated with the gas heating device 9 on a basis of the measurement data of the distance D input from the distance meter 7.
  • the gas heating device 9 heats the wiping gas to the target temperature calculated by the control unit 8 and supplies the heated wiping gas to the gas wiping nozzle 6.
  • the distance meter 7 may be any non-contact meter.
  • the type of the control unit 8 is not particularly limited.
  • the type of the gas heating device 9 is also not particularly limited as long as the device has a function of heating the wiping gas without delay based on the distance D between the gas wiping nozzle 6 and the steel strip 1.
  • the gas heating device 9 may employ any method for heating the wiping gas to be supplied to the gas wiping nozzle 6. Examples of the method include a method of supplying gas heated by a heat exchanger and a method of mixing flue gas from the annealing furnace and air.
  • the temperature T of the wiping gas injected from the gas wiping nozzle 6 is controlled on a basis of a D/B value, which is the ratio of the distance D between the tip of the gas wiping nozzle 6 and the steel strip 1 to the gap B of the gas wiping nozzle 6. Since the temperature T of the wiping gas is controlled on the basis of the D/B value, flowability of the molten metal is improved. As a result, the molten metal flows down regularly and an effect of preventing bath wrinkle defects can be fully exhibited.
  • the wiping gas injected from the gas wiping nozzle 6 is preferably an inert gas.
  • inert gas oxidation of the molten metal on the steel sheet surface can be prevented and the flowability of the molten metal can be further improved.
  • the inert gas include, but are not limited to, nitrogen, argon, helium, and carbon dioxide.
  • the temperature of the wiping gas When the temperature of the wiping gas is excessively low, bath wrinkle defects caused by low flowability of the molten metal occur. When the temperature of the wiping gas is excessively high, alloying is promoted and the appearance of the steel sheet is deteriorated. Thus, there is need to select the temperature T of the wiping gas optimum for the D/B value. In this respect, in the present invention, the relationship between the D/B value and the temperature T of the wiping gas for obtaining products free of bath wrinkle defects and having good appearance is determined.
  • Fig. 3 the evaluation standards related to the state of occurrence of the bath wrinkles were as follows where Wa denotes the arithmetic mean waviness Wa [ ⁇ m] measured in accordance with the JIS B0601-2001 standard.
  • Fig. 3 show that the temperature T of the wiping gas is preferably controlled to be in the range indicated by formula (1) below according to the D/B value.
  • thermometer is set to a sheet surface simulating a steel strip and the reading of the thermometer is assumed to be the "temperature of the wiping gas at an impinging position where the wiping gas impinges on the steel strip".
  • the wiping gas Since the wiping gas has substantially no wiping power at a D/B exceeding 60, there is no need to heat the wiping gas.
  • the upper limit of the D/B value is preferably 60 or less.
  • the temperature of the wiping gas at an impinging position where the wiping gas impinges on the steel strip is set to be within a 200°C range below and above the melting point T M ((T M ⁇ 100)°C) of the molten metal.
  • T M melting point
  • the temperature of the wiping gas at the impinging position where the wiping gas impinges on the steel strip is lower than (T M - 100)°C, the ratio of metal solidified from the molten metal adhering on the steel sheet is significantly increased, the flowability of the molten metal is thus degraded, and bath wrinkle defects occur.
  • the temperature of gas or liquid at the heating side may be changed to control the temperature of the wiping gas at the heated side.
  • the method of control is not limited to this.
  • Non-Patent Literature 1 The Journal of the Iron and Steel Institute of Japan, vol. 81 (1995), No. 2, p. 49 ), it is known that the potential core of the wiping gas attenuates in proportion to the D/B value; hence, an appropriate gas temperature must be set according to the D/B value.
  • the optimum range for the wiping gas temperature T varies.
  • the Al-Zn coating layer containing Al: 1.0% to 10% by mass, Mg: 0.2% to 1.0% by mass, Ni: 0.005% to 0.10% by mass, and the balance being Zn and unavoidable impurities, Mg, which is more readily oxidizable than Al and Zn, is contained.
  • optimizing the wiping gas temperature to achieve a bath wrinkle defect preventing effect is particularly preferable for a galvanized steel strip produced by the gas wiping method of the present invention and having an Al-Zn based coating layer at the steel strip surface, the Al-Zn coating layer containing Al: 1.0% to 10% by mass, Mg: 0.2% to 1.0% by mass, Ni: 0.005% to 0.10% by mass, and the balance being Zn and unavoidable impurities.
  • a galvanized steel strip production test was conducted to study optimum installation conditions and embodiments of the gas wiping nozzle.
  • a gas wiping nozzle having a nozzle gap B of 1.2 mm was used.
  • the gas wiping nozzle height from the molten zinc bath surface was set at 350 mm and the wiping gas injection direction was set to be perpendicular to the steel strip surface.
  • a steel strip having a thickness of 1.2 mm and a width of 1000 mm was threaded at a line speed of 100 m/min and the composition of the coating layer, the distance D between the tip of the gas wiping nozzle and the steel strip, the pressure of gas injected from the gas wiping nozzle (nozzle header pressure), the gas set temperature, the gas type, and the coating weight were varied for evaluating the appearance of the steel sheet.
  • the molten zinc bath temperature was set at 460°C.
  • the method for supplying gas to the gas wiping nozzle was a method that included heating room-temperature gas to a predetermined temperature with a heat exchanger and compressing the gas to a predetermined pressure by using a blower.
  • Wa is the value of the arithmetic mean waviness Wa [ ⁇ m] measured in accordance with the JIS B0601-2001 standard.
  • Example 1 Nozzle header pressure [kPa] Gas set temperature [°C] Gas type Coating layer composition [mass%] Nozzle-steel strip distance D [mm] Nozzle gap B [mm] D/B [-] Optimum gas temperature range derived from D/B value [°C] Coating weight [g/m 2 ] Appearance Wa [ ⁇ m] Al Mg Ni Zn
  • Example 1 30 550 Air 0.2 0 0 Balance 25 1.2 20.83 494-777 130 A 0.73
  • Example 2 30 600 Air 0.2 0 0 Balance 30 1.2 25.00 508-808 125 A 0.64
  • Example 3 30 590 Air 0.2 0 0 Balance 4 1.2 3.33 397-610 56 A 0.86
  • Example 4 30 420 Air 0.2 0 0 Balance 6 1.2 5.00 413-633 64 A 0.74
  • Example 5 30 670 Air 0.2 0 0 Balance 17 1.2 14.17 468-725 102 A 0.88
  • Example 6 30 740 Air 0.2 0 0 Balance 45
  • Example 1 bath wrinkle defects were prevented by performing wiping at an optimum gas temperature for the D/B value.
  • the reasons bath wrinkle defects were prevented are presumably that wiping was performed at a gas temperature optimum for the D/B value and that the temperature of the wiping gas at the impinging position where the wiping gas impinged on the steel strip was set at (T M - 100)°C or higher, which inhibited the cooling effect of the injected gas and caused the molten zinc on the steel sheet to remain relatively unsolidified and flow down regularly.
  • Example 2 D/B was changed and wiping was performed at a wiping gas temperature T optimum for the changed value, thereby preventing bath wrinkle defects as in Example 1.
  • Example 3 to 8 the results of changing the wiping temperature relative to the D/B values are shown.
  • Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 2 are examples in which the gas temperature was outside the optimum gas temperature range derived from the D/B value.
  • the reasons the coating weight increased in Comparative Example 1 were presumably that wiping was conducted at a temperature outside the optimum gas temperature range for the D/B value and that the temperature of the wiping gas at the steel strip impinging point was below (T M - 100)°C due to mixing of ambient gas into the wiping gas injected from the nozzle.
  • the temperature of the wiping gas was increased to be higher than in Example 1 and the coating weight increased. This is presumably because of an excessively high wiping gas temperature, which accelerates alloying of the zinc coating on the steel strip surface layer. Also, due to acceleration of alloying, the steel sheet surface became whitish in color and appearance was degraded. Results under other wiping conditions are indicated in Comparative Examples 3 to 11.
  • Example 10 and Comparative Example 12 are examples in which the composition of the coating layer was changed. Because the composition of the molten zinc was changed, the melting point of the zinc bath decreased to 375°C and thus the optimum temperature range of the wiping gas also changed. In Comparative Example 12, occurrence of larger bath wrinkles than in Comparative Example 1 was observed. This is probably because Mg in the coating layer composition is readily oxidable and bath wrinkles readily occurred as a result. In Example 10, the wiping gas temperature T was controlled and bath wrinkle defects were prevented as in Example 1.
  • Example 9 the type of gas was nitrogen, which is an inert gas, and thus better appearance was obtained than in Example 1.
  • a bath wrinkle defect preventing effect can be obtained by performing wiping at an appropriate wiping gas temperature.
EP15848228.1A 2014-10-08 2015-09-16 Kontinuierliches schmelztauchverfahren und ausrüstung für kontinuierliches schmelztauchverfahren Active EP3205741B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2014206882 2014-10-08
PCT/JP2015/004715 WO2016056178A1 (ja) 2014-10-08 2015-09-16 連続溶融金属めっき方法および溶融亜鉛めっき鋼帯ならびに連続溶融金属めっき設備

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EP3205741A1 true EP3205741A1 (de) 2017-08-16
EP3205741A4 EP3205741A4 (de) 2017-08-30
EP3205741B1 EP3205741B1 (de) 2023-04-05

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Country Status (7)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3205741B1 (de)
JP (1) JP6011740B2 (de)
KR (1) KR101910756B1 (de)
CN (1) CN106795614B (de)
MX (1) MX2017004585A (de)
TW (1) TW201619411A (de)
WO (1) WO2016056178A1 (de)

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WO2019057635A1 (de) * 2017-09-19 2019-03-28 Thyssenkrupp Steel Europe Ag Schmelztauchbeschichtetes stahlband mit verbessertem oberflächenerscheinungsbild und verfahren zu seiner herstellung
US11104983B2 (en) * 2016-07-13 2021-08-31 Jfe Steel Corporation Method of producing hot-dip metal coated steel strip and continuous hot-dip metal coating apparatus
US20210310109A1 (en) * 2018-08-22 2021-10-07 Jfe Steel Corporation Method of producing hot-dip metal coated steel strip and continuous hot-dip metal coating line
US11332816B2 (en) 2017-12-26 2022-05-17 Posco Zinc alloy plated steel material having excellent surface quality and corrosion resistance

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JP6500846B2 (ja) * 2016-06-17 2019-04-17 Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 溶融金属めっき鋼帯の製造方法及び連続溶融金属めっき設備
JP6635086B2 (ja) * 2017-04-05 2020-01-22 Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 溶融金属めっき鋼帯の製造方法
KR102371083B1 (ko) 2017-04-14 2022-03-07 현대자동차주식회사 조건 연동형 차실내 자연환기방법 및 차량
JP6414360B2 (ja) * 2018-05-25 2018-10-31 Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 溶融金属めっき鋼帯の製造方法
US11535923B2 (en) * 2018-12-11 2022-12-27 M.E.C Co., Ltd Method for manufacturing molten galvanized steel sheet
JP6702519B1 (ja) 2019-02-26 2020-06-03 Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 ガスワイピングノズル及び溶融金属めっき金属帯の製造方法
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WO2021256079A1 (ja) 2020-06-19 2021-12-23 Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 ガスワイピングノズル及び溶融金属めっき金属帯の製造方法
KR20220127594A (ko) 2021-03-11 2022-09-20 (주)스텝이엔지 용융아연도금조 화상 위험 다단계 경고장치

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US11104983B2 (en) * 2016-07-13 2021-08-31 Jfe Steel Corporation Method of producing hot-dip metal coated steel strip and continuous hot-dip metal coating apparatus
WO2019057635A1 (de) * 2017-09-19 2019-03-28 Thyssenkrupp Steel Europe Ag Schmelztauchbeschichtetes stahlband mit verbessertem oberflächenerscheinungsbild und verfahren zu seiner herstellung
US11655531B2 (en) 2017-09-19 2023-05-23 Thyssenkrupp Steel Europe Ag Hot dip coated steel strip having an improved surface appearance and method for production thereof
EP4253592A3 (de) * 2017-09-19 2023-11-08 ThyssenKrupp Steel Europe AG Schmelztauchbeschichtetes stahlband mit verbessertem oberflächenerscheinungsbild und verfahren zu seiner herstellung
US11332816B2 (en) 2017-12-26 2022-05-17 Posco Zinc alloy plated steel material having excellent surface quality and corrosion resistance
US11643714B2 (en) 2017-12-26 2023-05-09 Posco Co., Ltd Method for manufacturing zinc alloy plated steel material having excellent surface quality and corrosion resistance
US20210310109A1 (en) * 2018-08-22 2021-10-07 Jfe Steel Corporation Method of producing hot-dip metal coated steel strip and continuous hot-dip metal coating line
US11802329B2 (en) * 2018-08-22 2023-10-31 Jfe Steel Corporation Method of producing hot-dip metal coated steel strip and continuous hot-dip metal coating line

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP3205741B1 (de) 2023-04-05
WO2016056178A1 (ja) 2016-04-14
KR20170048549A (ko) 2017-05-08
EP3205741A4 (de) 2017-08-30
CN106795614A (zh) 2017-05-31
CN106795614B (zh) 2019-11-01
JPWO2016056178A1 (ja) 2017-04-27
JP6011740B2 (ja) 2016-10-19
KR101910756B1 (ko) 2018-10-22
TWI561675B (de) 2016-12-11
TW201619411A (zh) 2016-06-01
MX2017004585A (es) 2017-06-27

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