EP2990234A1 - Luftreifen - Google Patents

Luftreifen Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP2990234A1
EP2990234A1 EP14797700.3A EP14797700A EP2990234A1 EP 2990234 A1 EP2990234 A1 EP 2990234A1 EP 14797700 A EP14797700 A EP 14797700A EP 2990234 A1 EP2990234 A1 EP 2990234A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
groove
crown
tire
main
tread surface
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP14797700.3A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2990234B1 (de
EP2990234A4 (de
Inventor
Atsushi Maehara
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sumitomo Rubber Industries Ltd
Original Assignee
Sumitomo Rubber Industries Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sumitomo Rubber Industries Ltd filed Critical Sumitomo Rubber Industries Ltd
Publication of EP2990234A1 publication Critical patent/EP2990234A1/de
Publication of EP2990234A4 publication Critical patent/EP2990234A4/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2990234B1 publication Critical patent/EP2990234B1/de
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Images

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
    • B60C11/00—Tyre tread bands; Tread patterns; Anti-skid inserts
    • B60C11/03—Tread patterns
    • B60C11/0327—Tread patterns characterised by special properties of the tread pattern
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
    • B60C11/00—Tyre tread bands; Tread patterns; Anti-skid inserts
    • B60C11/03—Tread patterns
    • B60C11/0306—Patterns comprising block rows or discontinuous ribs
    • B60C11/0309—Patterns comprising block rows or discontinuous ribs further characterised by the groove cross-section
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
    • B60C11/00—Tyre tread bands; Tread patterns; Anti-skid inserts
    • B60C11/03—Tread patterns
    • B60C11/12—Tread patterns characterised by the use of narrow slits or incisions, e.g. sipes
    • B60C11/1236—Tread patterns characterised by the use of narrow slits or incisions, e.g. sipes with special arrangements in the tread pattern
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
    • B60C11/00—Tyre tread bands; Tread patterns; Anti-skid inserts
    • B60C11/03—Tread patterns
    • B60C11/12—Tread patterns characterised by the use of narrow slits or incisions, e.g. sipes
    • B60C11/1259—Depth of the sipe
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
    • B60C11/00—Tyre tread bands; Tread patterns; Anti-skid inserts
    • B60C11/03—Tread patterns
    • B60C11/12—Tread patterns characterised by the use of narrow slits or incisions, e.g. sipes
    • B60C11/1272—Width of the sipe
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
    • B60C11/00—Tyre tread bands; Tread patterns; Anti-skid inserts
    • B60C11/03—Tread patterns
    • B60C11/13—Tread patterns characterised by the groove cross-section, e.g. for buttressing or preventing stone-trapping
    • B60C11/1307—Tread patterns characterised by the groove cross-section, e.g. for buttressing or preventing stone-trapping with special features of the groove walls
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
    • B60C11/00—Tyre tread bands; Tread patterns; Anti-skid inserts
    • B60C11/03—Tread patterns
    • B60C2011/0337—Tread patterns characterised by particular design features of the pattern
    • B60C2011/0339—Grooves
    • B60C2011/0341—Circumferential grooves
    • B60C2011/0346—Circumferential grooves with zigzag shape
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
    • B60C11/00—Tyre tread bands; Tread patterns; Anti-skid inserts
    • B60C11/03—Tread patterns
    • B60C2011/0337—Tread patterns characterised by particular design features of the pattern
    • B60C2011/0339—Grooves
    • B60C2011/0341—Circumferential grooves
    • B60C2011/0348—Narrow grooves, i.e. having a width of less than 4 mm
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
    • B60C11/00—Tyre tread bands; Tread patterns; Anti-skid inserts
    • B60C11/03—Tread patterns
    • B60C2011/0337—Tread patterns characterised by particular design features of the pattern
    • B60C2011/0339—Grooves
    • B60C2011/0341—Circumferential grooves
    • B60C2011/0353—Circumferential grooves characterised by width
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
    • B60C11/00—Tyre tread bands; Tread patterns; Anti-skid inserts
    • B60C11/03—Tread patterns
    • B60C2011/0337—Tread patterns characterised by particular design features of the pattern
    • B60C2011/0339—Grooves
    • B60C2011/0341—Circumferential grooves
    • B60C2011/0355—Circumferential grooves characterised by depth
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
    • B60C11/00—Tyre tread bands; Tread patterns; Anti-skid inserts
    • B60C11/03—Tread patterns
    • B60C2011/0337—Tread patterns characterised by particular design features of the pattern
    • B60C2011/0339—Grooves
    • B60C2011/0358—Lateral grooves, i.e. having an angle of 45 to 90 degees to the equatorial plane
    • B60C2011/036—Narrow grooves, i.e. having a width of less than 3 mm
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
    • B60C11/00—Tyre tread bands; Tread patterns; Anti-skid inserts
    • B60C11/03—Tread patterns
    • B60C2011/0337—Tread patterns characterised by particular design features of the pattern
    • B60C2011/0339—Grooves
    • B60C2011/0358—Lateral grooves, i.e. having an angle of 45 to 90 degees to the equatorial plane
    • B60C2011/0365—Lateral grooves, i.e. having an angle of 45 to 90 degees to the equatorial plane characterised by width
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
    • B60C11/00—Tyre tread bands; Tread patterns; Anti-skid inserts
    • B60C11/03—Tread patterns
    • B60C2011/0337—Tread patterns characterised by particular design features of the pattern
    • B60C2011/0339—Grooves
    • B60C2011/0358—Lateral grooves, i.e. having an angle of 45 to 90 degees to the equatorial plane
    • B60C2011/0367—Lateral grooves, i.e. having an angle of 45 to 90 degees to the equatorial plane characterised by depth
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
    • B60C11/00—Tyre tread bands; Tread patterns; Anti-skid inserts
    • B60C11/03—Tread patterns
    • B60C2011/0337—Tread patterns characterised by particular design features of the pattern
    • B60C2011/0386—Continuous ribs
    • B60C2011/0388—Continuous ribs provided at the equatorial plane
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
    • B60C11/00—Tyre tread bands; Tread patterns; Anti-skid inserts
    • B60C11/03—Tread patterns
    • B60C11/12—Tread patterns characterised by the use of narrow slits or incisions, e.g. sipes
    • B60C11/1204—Tread patterns characterised by the use of narrow slits or incisions, e.g. sipes with special shape of the sipe
    • B60C2011/1209—Tread patterns characterised by the use of narrow slits or incisions, e.g. sipes with special shape of the sipe straight at the tread surface

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a pneumatic tire provided in the tread portion with a plurality of main grooves which extend continuously in the tire circumferential direction. Background technique
  • the tread portion includes a tread rubber formed of a cap rubber layer and a base rubber layer.
  • the thicknesses of the cap rubber layer and the base rubber layer are controlled.
  • the tire performance includes, for example, rolling performance, low noise performance, wet performance, wear resistance, etc. The improvement of these properties is strongly desired.
  • Patent Document 1 JP 2007-137411
  • the present invention was made in view of the circumstances as described above, and a primarily object is to provide a pneumatic tire capable of improving the rolling performance, low noise performance and wear resistance with good balance while maintaining the wet performance.
  • the present invention is a pneumatic tire provided in the tread portion with a plurality of main grooves extending continuously in the tire circumferential direction to define a plurality of land portions between the main grooves or between the tread edge and the main groove, and characterized in that at least one of the land portions is provided with sipes extending from the main groove, at least one of the main grooves has, in a cross-section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the groove, a first groove bottom and a pair of first groove walls smoothly extending from the first groove bottom to a tread surface, in the tread surface, the groove width W1 between the first groove walls is 2.0 to 20.0 mm, the groove depth D from the tread surface to the first groove bottom is 10.0 mm or more, and in the first groove wall, a ratio (W1 / ⁇ ) of the angle ⁇ (degrees) with respect to the normal direction to the tread surface and the groove width W1 (mm) is in a range of 1.0 to 2.0 (mm /degree).
  • the main groove extends zigzag in the tire circumferential direction.
  • the transverse groove has, in a cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the grooves, a second groove bottom and a pair of second groove walls extending from the second groove bottom to the tread surface, in the tread surface, the groove width W2 between the second groove walls is 1.0 to 12.0 mm, and in the second groove wall, the angle ⁇ with respect to the normal direction to the tread surface is 0 to 20 degrees.
  • the ratio (W1 / ⁇ ) is in a range of 1.3 to 1.8 (mm / degree).
  • the width of the sipe is 0.5 to 1.5 mm.
  • the main grooves include a pair of crown main grooves extending on both sides of the tire equator, and a pair of shoulder main grooves extending on the outer sides in the tire axial direction of the crown main grooves, and the groove width W1S of the shoulder main groove is larger than the groove width W1C of the crown main groove.
  • the tread portion includes a crown rib which is defined between a pair of the crown main grooves and continuous in the tire circumferential direction, and in the crown rib, the rib edge which is connected to the first groove wall on the tire equator side includes an external corner portion extending along the tire circumferential direction on the most outside in the tire axial direction, and an internal corner portion extending along the tire circumferential direction on the most tire equator side.
  • the crown rib includes a plurality of crown sipes communicating between a pair of the crown main grooves, the crown sipes are inclined to one side with respect to the tire axial direction, and include a first crown sipe connecting between the external corner portions of the rib edges of the crown rib on one side and the other side of the tire equator, and a second crown sipe connecting between the internal corner portions on one side and the other side of the tire equator.
  • the pneumatic tire of the present invention is provided in at least one of the land portions with the sipes extending from the main groove.
  • the main groove has, in the cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the groove, the first groove bottom and a pair of the first groove walls smoothly extending from the first groove bottom to the tread surface.
  • the groove width W1 between the first groove walls is 2.0 to 20.0 mm.
  • the groove depth D from the tread surface to the first groove bottom is at least 10.0 mm.
  • the ratio (W1 / ⁇ ) of the angle ⁇ (degree) with respect to the normal direction to the tread surface and the groove width W1 (mm) is in a range of 1.0 to 2.0 (mm /degree).
  • the ranges for the groove width W1 and the groove depth D of the main groove are controlled. Further, the range for the angle ⁇ of the first groove wall is controlled. Therefore, in the ground contact patch of the tire, it becomes possible that the first groove walls of the main groove contact with each other by the deformation of the tread portion due to the applied load. That is, on the tread surface side, the land portions adjacent to each other through the main groove come into contact with each other and, temporarily, the apparent rigidity of the tread portion is increased. Thus, after the first groove walls of the main groove are in contact with each other, the deformation of the tread portion is restricted, thereby the energy loss of the tire is reduced, and the rolling performance is improved. Further, since the rigidity on the tread surface side is increased, the amount of slip against the road surface of the land portion when contacting with the ground is reduced, and the wear resistance is improved.
  • the groove volume of the main groove becomes small, and noise such as columnar resonance sound in the main groove is suppressed, thereby the anti-noise performance is improved.
  • the groove volume is decreased, and drainage by the main groove tends to be reduced, but the wet performance can be maintained by the edge effect of the sipes provided in the land portion.
  • FIG. 1 a developed view of a tread portion 2 of a pneumatic tire (hereinafter sometimes simply described as "tire") 1 is shown.
  • a heavy load tire is shown as the tire 1.
  • the tire 1 encompasses a variety of categories such as for passenger cars for example.
  • the tire 1 is provided in the tread portion 2 with a plurality of, in this embodiment four, main grooves 3 extending continuously in the tire circumferential direction.
  • the main grooves 3 includes a pair of crown main grooves 4, 4 extending on both sides of the tire equator C, and a pair of shoulder main grooves 5, 5 extending on the outer sides in the tire axial direction of the crown main grooves 4.
  • the tread portion 2 in this embodiment is provided with a plurality of land portions 7 defined between the main grooves 3 or between the main groove 3 and the tread edge Te.
  • the land portions 7 include a crown land portion 8, a pair of middle land portions 9, 9, and a pair of shoulder land portions 10, 10.
  • the crown land portion 8 is defined between a pair of the crown main grooves 4, 4.
  • the middle land portion 9 is defined between the crown main groove 4 and the shoulder main groove 5.
  • the shoulder land portion 10 is defined between the shoulder main groove 5 and the tread edge Te.
  • the "tread edge" is the axially outermost edge of the ground contacting patch when the tire 1 in a normal state is loaded with a normal load and contacted with a plane at a camber angle of 0 degree.
  • the "normal state” is a state of the tire 1 which is mounted on a normal rim (not shown), inflated to a normal inner pressure and loaded with no load.
  • dimensions of respective parts of the tire 1 refer to values under the normal state unless otherwise noted.
  • the "normal rim” is a rim specified for the tire by a standard included in a standard system on which the tire 1 is based.
  • the normal rim is the "standard rim” in JATMA, the "Design Rim” in TRA, the “Measuring Rim” in ETRTO.
  • the "normal inner pressure” is the air pressure specified for the tire by a standard included in a standard system on which the tire 1 is based.
  • the normal inner pressure is the "maximum air pressure” in JATMA, the maximum value described in Table "TIRE LOAD LIMITS AT VARIOUS COLD INFLATION PRESSURES" in TRA, the "INFLATION PRESSURE” in ETRTO.
  • the "normal load” is the load specified for the tire by a standard included in a standard system on which the tire 1 is based.
  • the normal load is the "maximum load capacity" in JATMA, the maximum value listed in Table "TIRE LOAD LIMITS AT VARIOUS COLD INFLATION PRESSURES" in TRA, the "LOAD CAPACITY” in ETRTO.
  • At least one of the land portion 7 is provided with sipes 11 extending from the main groove 3.
  • the sipes 11 in this embodiment include, for example, crown sipes 12 disposed in the crown land portion 8, middle sipes 13 disposed in the middle land portion 9, and shoulder sipes 14 disposed in the shoulder land portion 10. These sipes 11 improve the wet performance of the tire 1 by the wiping effect and edge effect.
  • the width of the sipe 11 is preferably in a range of 0.5 to 1.5 mm. If the width of the sipe 11 is less than 0.5 mm, it becomes difficult to form the sipe, and the edge effect may not be sufficiently exhibited. If the width of the sipe 11 is more than 1.5 mm, there is a possibility that the rigidity of the land portion 7 is excessively lowered.
  • FIG 2 as the A-A section of Figure 1 , a transverse sectional view of the main groove 3 perpendicular to the longitudinal direction is shown.
  • the main groove 3 has a first groove bottom 3A, and a pair of first groove walls 3B smoothly extending from the first groove bottom 3A to tread surface S.
  • the first groove walls 3B are each inclined to such direction that the groove width gradually increases toward the tread surface S.
  • the groove width W1 of the main groove 3 which is the spacing 3B between the first groove walls 3B is limited in a range of 2.0 to 20.0 mm. If the groove width W1 is less than 2.0 mm, there is a possibility that the main groove 3 can not secure a sufficient groove volume. If the groove width W1 is more than 20.0 mm, there is a possibility that the rigidity of the land portion 7 is excessively reduced.
  • the groove depth D of the main groove 3 which is the depth from the tread surface S to the first groove bottom 3A is limited in a range of not less than 10.0 mm. If the groove depth D is less than 10.0 mm, there is a possibility that the main groove 3 can not secure a sufficient groove volume. From the viewpoint of ensuring the rigidity of the tread portion 2, it is desirable that the groove depth D is 15.0 to 20.0 mm for example.
  • the ratio (W1 / ⁇ ) of the angle ⁇ (degree) with respect to the normal direction to the tread surface S and the groove width W1 and (mm) is limited in a range of 1.0 to 2.0 (mm / degree).
  • Figure 3 shows an enlarged partial view of the main groove 3 of the tread portion 2 deformed by being loaded with the normal load.
  • the ranges for the groove width W1 and the groove depth D of the main groove 3 and the ratio (W1 / ⁇ ) of the angle ⁇ and the groove width W1 of the first groove walls 3B are limited. Therefore, as shown in Figure 3 , in the ground contacting patch, due to the deformation of the tread rubber, the first groove walls 3B of the main groove 3 become possible to make contact with each other on the tread surface S side for example.
  • the land portions 7, which are adjacent to each other through the main groove 3, contact with each other, and deformation of the land portions 7 is restricted. Thereby, the apparent rigidity of the land portion 7 is temporarily increased. Accordingly, the energy loss when the tire 1 rolls is reduced, and the rolling performance is improved. Further, as the rigidity is increased on the tread surface S side, slip of the land portion 7 against the road surface when contacting with the ground is decreased, and the wear resistance can be improved.
  • the groove volume of the main groove 3 becomes small, thereby noise such as columnar resonance sound in the main groove 3 is suppressed, and anti-noise performance is improved. In that case, there is a tendency that the groove volume decreases and the drainage by the main grooves 3 decreases. However, due to the edge effect of the sipes 11 provided in the land portion 7, the wet performance is maintained.
  • the ratio (W1 / ⁇ ) of the angle ⁇ (degree) with respect to the normal direction to the tread surface S and the groove width W1 (mm) is larger than 2.0 (mm / degree)
  • the ratio (mm / degree) is less than 1.0 (mm / degree) on the other hand, there is a possibility that the wet performance is deteriorated and the first groove walls 3B contact too much when deformed by being loaded. In these cases, there is a possibility that the above functions and effects can not be sufficiently exhibited.
  • the ratio (W1 / degree) is more preferably in the range of 1.3 to 1.8 (mm / degree).
  • the crown main groove 4 in this embodiment has a crown first groove bottom 4A, and a pair of crown first groove walls 4B and 4B smoothly extending from the crown first groove bottom 4A to the tread surface S.
  • the shoulder main grooves 5 has a shoulder first groove bottom 5A, and a pair of shoulder first groove walls 5B and 5B smoothly extending from the shoulder first groove bottom 5A to the tread surface S.
  • the groove width W1S of the shoulder main groove 5 is greater than the groove width W1C of the crown main groove 4 for example. Specifically, it is preferable that the groove width W1C of the crown main groove 4 is, for example, 2.0 to 10.0 mm. On the other hand, it is preferable that the groove width W1S of the shoulder main grooves 5 is, for example, 10.0 to 20.0 mm. According to such configuration of the main grooves 3, the drainage performance varied depending on the contact pressure can be improved in good balance, and the rolling performance, the wear resistance and the anti noise performance can be more effectively exhibited, while maintaining the wet performance,
  • the main groove 3 in this embodiment extends zigzag in the tire circumferential direction.
  • the zigzag main groove 3 if a pair of the first groove walls 3B come into contact with each other, one of the first groove walls 3B engages with the other first groove wall 3B, and their displacement in the tire circumferential direction can be suppressed. Therefore, the rigidity in a tread surface S side is further improved, and the rolling performance and the wear resistance can be further improved.
  • At least one of the land portions 7 is provided with a plurality of lateral grooves 20 crossing the land portion 7.
  • the lateral grooves 20 include a plurality of middle lateral grooves 21 provided in the middle land portion 9, and a plurality of shoulder lateral grooves 22 provided in the shoulder land portion 10.
  • Each of the middle lateral grooves 21 has one end and the other end which respectively communicate with the crown main groove 4 and the shoulder main groove 5.
  • the middle lateral grooves 21 divide the middle land portion 9 into a plurality of blocks 9B.
  • one end of each shoulder lateral groove 22 communicates with the shoulder main grooves 5, and the other end communicates with the tread edge Te.
  • the shoulder lateral grooves 22 divide the shoulder land portion 10 into a plurality of blocks 10B.
  • FIG 4 there is shown a cross-sectional view perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the transverse grooves 20 as B-B section in Figure 1 .
  • the transverse groove 20 has a second groove bottom 20A, and a pair of second groove walls 20B, 20B extending smoothly from the second groove bottom 20A to the tread surface S, It is desirable that, in the tread surface S, the groove width W2 of the transverse groove 20 which is the spacing between the second groove walls 20B is 1.0 to 12.0 mm for example.
  • the angle ⁇ of the second groove wall 20B of the lateral groove 20 with respect to the normal direction to the tread surface S is 1 to 12 degrees for example.
  • the ranges for the groove width w2 and the angle ⁇ of the second groove wall 20B are respectively limited in the same way as the main groove 3. Therefore, in the ground contacting patch, due to the deformation of the tread rubber, the second groove walls 20B of the transverse groove 20 are possible to make contact with each other in a tread surface S side for example. That is, the blocks adjacent to each other through the transverse groove 20, in this embodiment, the blocks 9B and 9B or the blocks 10B and 10B, contact with each other. And the deformation of the blocks 9B, 10B are suppressed.
  • each block 9B, 10B, consequently each land portion 7 can be temporarily improved in the apparent rigidity, and the rolling performance and wear resistance can be further improved.
  • the groove width W2 of the middle axial groove 21 is smaller than the groove width of the shoulder lateral groove 22 for example.
  • FIG 5 there is shown an enlarged partial view of the vicinity of the tire equator C in Figure 1 .
  • the crown land portion 8 in this embodiment is not provided with lateral grooves.
  • the crown land portion 8 is a rib-like crown rib 8A which is continuous in the tire circumferential direction.
  • a rib edge 8B of the crown rib 8A includes an external corner portion 25 extending along the tire circumferential direction on the most outer side in the tire axial direction, an internal corner portion 26 extending along the tire circumferential direction on the most tire equator C side, and an inclined portion 27 connecting therebetween.
  • the external corner portion 25 and the internal corner portion 26 locally increase the groove width W1C of the crown main groove 4. when a tread surface S side of the crown main groove 4 is closed, such external corner portion 25 and internal corner portion 26 help to form a drainage channel along the circumferential direction of the tire in a groove bottom 4A side of the crown main groove 4.
  • FIG 6 there is shown an enlarged partial view of the vicinity of the crown main groove 4 of which the tread surface S side is closed.
  • the external corner portion 25 forms a gap G between the opposed first groove walls 3B.
  • the gap G communicates with the ground surface and the drainage on the groove bottom 4A side of the crown main groove 4. Therefore, in a wet road surface, the gap G absorbs water film from the ground surface, and the water film can be drained to the drainage on the groove bottom 4A side to improve the wet performance.
  • the internal corner portion 26 conforms to the opposite first groove wall 3B.
  • the inclined portion 27 is also conform to the opposite first groove wall 3B.
  • a pair of the crown main grooves 4, 4 in this embodiment are arranged so as to be shifted in the tire circumferential direction.
  • each external corner portion 25 and each internal corner portion 26 are arranged to be shifted to one side in the tire circumferential direction with the tire equator C interposed therebetween.
  • the crown sipes 12 are, for example, extended between the external corner portions 25 on one side and the other side of the tire equator C, and between the internal corner portions 26 on one side and the other side of the tire equator C.
  • the crown sipes 12 in this embodiment are inclined to one side with respect to the tire axial direction.
  • Such crown sipe 12 can also exert edge effect during turning.
  • Tires (tire size: 315/80R22.5) having the basic pattern shown in Figure 1 and based on the specifications in Table 1 were experimentally manufactured, and they were tested.
  • the rolling resistance of each test tire was measured by a rolling resistance tester.
  • the detailed conditions are as follows.
  • the result is a reciprocal of the rolling resistance, and indicated by an index based on the value of "Example 1" being 100. The larger the number, the better the rolling performance.
  • the pass-by noise level of each test tire when traveling at the center speed of 70 km/h was measured.
  • the result is a reciprocal of the pass-by noise level, and indicated by an index based on the value of "Example 1" being 100. The larger the number, the better the low-noise performance.
  • Each test tire was mounted on a test vehicle, and a road test was carried load. And a traveling distance per unit reduction amount of the pattern groove depth (for example, traveling distance in km per reduction of 1 mm) was calculated. Detailed conditions are as follows. The results are shown by an index based on the value of the "Example 1" being 100. The larger the number, the better the wear resistance performance.
  • test vehicle in which each test tire was mounted on all the wheels was run on a wet road surface at the second gear - 1500rpm fixed, and the time to pass through 10 m was measured from the moment when the clutch was connected.
  • Detailed conditions are as follows. The result is a reciprocal of the time to pass, and indicated by an index based on the value of "Example 1" being 100. The larger the number, the better the wet performance.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Tires In General (AREA)
EP14797700.3A 2013-05-13 2014-02-27 Luftreifen Active EP2990234B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2013101508 2013-05-13
PCT/JP2014/054898 WO2014185121A1 (ja) 2013-05-13 2014-02-27 空気入りタイヤ

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2990234A1 true EP2990234A1 (de) 2016-03-02
EP2990234A4 EP2990234A4 (de) 2016-12-28
EP2990234B1 EP2990234B1 (de) 2018-09-19

Family

ID=51898107

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP14797700.3A Active EP2990234B1 (de) 2013-05-13 2014-02-27 Luftreifen

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US10471778B2 (de)
EP (1) EP2990234B1 (de)
JP (2) JP6130911B2 (de)
CN (1) CN105189146B (de)
WO (1) WO2014185121A1 (de)

Families Citing this family (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR3012768B1 (fr) * 2013-11-05 2016-12-23 Michelin & Cie Bande de roulement comportant un bloc presentant une pluralite d'incisions
JP6527758B2 (ja) * 2015-06-13 2019-06-05 株式会社ブリヂストン 空気入りタイヤ
USD811992S1 (en) * 2016-05-18 2018-03-06 Compagnie Generale Des Etablissements Michelin Tire tread
JP6911636B2 (ja) * 2016-11-22 2021-07-28 住友ゴム工業株式会社 タイヤ
CA175882S (en) * 2017-01-16 2018-02-20 Hankook Tire Co Ltd Tire
JP6907683B2 (ja) * 2017-05-09 2021-07-21 住友ゴム工業株式会社 タイヤ
JP6933119B2 (ja) * 2017-12-13 2021-09-08 住友ゴム工業株式会社 タイヤ
JP7077619B2 (ja) * 2017-12-28 2022-05-31 横浜ゴム株式会社 空気入りタイヤ
JP7066516B2 (ja) * 2018-05-17 2022-05-13 Ｔｏｙｏ Ｔｉｒｅ株式会社 空気入りタイヤ
CN109501525A (zh) * 2018-09-30 2019-03-22 安徽佳通乘用子午线轮胎有限公司 一种高里程低滚阻全钢子午线轮胎
JP2022037254A (ja) * 2018-12-27 2022-03-09 株式会社ブリヂストン タイヤ
JP2022056696A (ja) * 2020-09-30 2022-04-11 横浜ゴム株式会社 タイヤ
USD982508S1 (en) 2021-03-01 2023-04-04 Compagnie Generale Des Etablissements Michelin Tire
JP2024066540A (ja) * 2022-11-02 2024-05-16 住友ゴム工業株式会社 重荷重用タイヤ

Family Cites Families (38)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS58177703A (ja) * 1982-04-10 1983-10-18 Sumitomo Rubber Ind Ltd タイヤ
JPS60255506A (ja) * 1984-05-31 1985-12-17 Yokohama Rubber Co Ltd:The 空気入りタイヤ
JPS61257303A (ja) * 1985-05-09 1986-11-14 Bridgestone Corp 空気入りタイヤ
JPS644502A (en) * 1987-06-26 1989-01-09 Sumitomo Rubber Ind Pneumatic tire
AT394337B (de) * 1989-04-13 1992-03-10 Semperit Ag Radialreifen fuer lastkraftwagen
JPH05185808A (ja) * 1992-01-14 1993-07-27 Bridgestone Corp 建設車両用ラジアルタイヤ
JPH05278414A (ja) * 1992-03-30 1993-10-26 Bridgestone Corp 空気入りタイヤ
JP3372340B2 (ja) 1994-02-22 2003-02-04 住友ゴム工業株式会社 空気入りタイヤ
JP3203195B2 (ja) * 1996-12-02 2001-08-27 住友ゴム工業株式会社 空気入りタイヤ
JPH1029225A (ja) * 1996-07-16 1998-02-03 Sekisui Chem Co Ltd 射出成形品の搬送方法
BR0009088A (pt) * 1999-03-18 2002-01-02 Pirelli Processo para reduzir os fenÈmenos de micro-deslizamento pneu/solo, e, pneu para rodas de veìculos
JP4199541B2 (ja) * 2000-11-28 2008-12-17 クーパー タイヤ アンド ラバー カンパニー タイヤの鋸歯状部分付き溝側部
US20020092591A1 (en) * 2001-01-17 2002-07-18 Max Cortes Tapered tire groove configuration
DE602005020773D1 (de) * 2004-05-27 2010-06-02 Bridgestone Corp Luftreifen
JP4950616B2 (ja) 2005-10-17 2012-06-13 住友ゴム工業株式会社 重荷重用タイヤ
JP2009018617A (ja) 2007-07-10 2009-01-29 Bridgestone Corp 空気入りタイヤ
JP5353207B2 (ja) * 2008-11-28 2013-11-27 横浜ゴム株式会社 空気入りタイヤ
CN102427955B (zh) * 2009-05-19 2015-04-01 倍耐力轮胎股份公司 用于机动车辆的轮胎
JP4830005B2 (ja) * 2009-06-10 2011-12-07 住友ゴム工業株式会社 空気入りタイヤ
JP5393404B2 (ja) * 2009-11-05 2014-01-22 株式会社ブリヂストン タイヤ
JP5227355B2 (ja) * 2010-03-19 2013-07-03 住友ゴム工業株式会社 重荷重用タイヤ
JP5123981B2 (ja) * 2010-04-27 2013-01-23 住友ゴム工業株式会社 重荷重用タイヤ
JP5693069B2 (ja) * 2010-07-16 2015-04-01 株式会社ブリヂストン 重荷重用空気入りタイヤ
JP5569207B2 (ja) * 2010-07-16 2014-08-13 横浜ゴム株式会社 空気入りタイヤ
JP5134662B2 (ja) * 2010-09-10 2013-01-30 住友ゴム工業株式会社 重荷重用タイヤ
US20120080130A1 (en) * 2010-10-01 2012-04-05 Daniel Scheuren Reinforced tire tread
JP5766469B2 (ja) 2011-03-04 2015-08-19 株式会社ブリヂストン タイヤ
JP5238050B2 (ja) 2011-03-08 2013-07-17 住友ゴム工業株式会社 空気入りタイヤ
JP5292435B2 (ja) * 2011-04-04 2013-09-18 東洋ゴム工業株式会社 空気入りタイヤ
JP5746930B2 (ja) * 2011-08-24 2015-07-08 株式会社小糸製作所 車両用灯具
JP5452560B2 (ja) * 2011-09-16 2014-03-26 住友ゴム工業株式会社 空気入りタイヤ
US20140238568A1 (en) * 2011-10-03 2014-08-28 Bridgestone Corporation Pneumatic tire for heavy load
JP5498466B2 (ja) * 2011-10-20 2014-05-21 住友ゴム工業株式会社 重荷重用タイヤ
JP2013174273A (ja) * 2012-02-23 2013-09-05 Sanden Corp 電磁クラッチ
JP5476410B2 (ja) * 2012-03-15 2014-04-23 住友ゴム工業株式会社 空気入りタイヤ
CN105377587B (zh) * 2013-07-30 2018-03-13 住友橡胶工业株式会社 重载荷用轮胎
JP5886798B2 (ja) * 2013-07-30 2016-03-16 住友ゴム工業株式会社 重荷重用タイヤ
JP5886816B2 (ja) * 2013-12-06 2016-03-16 住友ゴム工業株式会社 重荷重用タイヤ

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2014185121A1 (ja) 2014-11-20
JP6130911B2 (ja) 2017-05-17
JPWO2014185121A1 (ja) 2017-02-23
US10471778B2 (en) 2019-11-12
CN105189146A (zh) 2015-12-23
CN105189146B (zh) 2017-09-22
EP2990234B1 (de) 2018-09-19
US20160082779A1 (en) 2016-03-24
JP6378799B2 (ja) 2018-08-22
JP2017165406A (ja) 2017-09-21
EP2990234A4 (de) 2016-12-28

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US10471778B2 (en) Pneumatic tire
US10894446B2 (en) Tire
EP3000622B1 (de) Luftreifen
KR101886886B1 (ko) 중하중용 공기 타이어
EP3069900B1 (de) Schwerlastreifen
EP2583839B1 (de) Schwerlastreifen
US9409445B2 (en) Heavy duty pneumatic tire
US8925602B2 (en) Pneumatic tire
US9085201B2 (en) Pneumatic tire
US10202007B2 (en) Pneumatic tire
EP2311659B1 (de) Luftreifen
EP3040216B1 (de) Luftreifen
EP2127907B1 (de) Luftreifen
KR101955948B1 (ko) 공기입 타이어
US10173476B2 (en) Pneumatic tire
JP6762267B2 (ja) タイヤ
KR102377656B1 (ko) 공기 타이어
EP2452836B1 (de) Schwerlast-Luftreifen
EP3318421B1 (de) Reifen
CN108688412B (zh) 轮胎
JP7347008B2 (ja) タイヤ

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 20151125

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR

AX Request for extension of the european patent

Extension state: BA ME

DAX Request for extension of the european patent (deleted)
A4 Supplementary search report drawn up and despatched

Effective date: 20161125

RIC1 Information provided on ipc code assigned before grant

Ipc: B60C 11/12 20060101ALI20161121BHEP

Ipc: B60C 11/04 20060101AFI20161121BHEP

Ipc: B60C 11/13 20060101ALI20161121BHEP

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R079

Ref document number: 602014032624

Country of ref document: DE

Free format text: PREVIOUS MAIN CLASS: B60C0011040000

Ipc: B60C0011030000

RIC1 Information provided on ipc code assigned before grant

Ipc: B60C 11/03 20060101AFI20180215BHEP

Ipc: B60C 11/04 20060101ALI20180215BHEP

Ipc: B60C 11/12 20060101ALI20180215BHEP

Ipc: B60C 11/13 20060101ALI20180215BHEP

GRAP Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: GRANT OF PATENT IS INTENDED

INTG Intention to grant announced

Effective date: 20180405

GRAS Grant fee paid

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: THE PATENT HAS BEEN GRANTED

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: FG4D

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: EP

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: AT

Ref legal event code: REF

Ref document number: 1042815

Country of ref document: AT

Kind code of ref document: T

Effective date: 20181015

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: IE

Ref legal event code: FG4D

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R096

Ref document number: 602014032624

Country of ref document: DE

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: NL

Ref legal event code: MP

Effective date: 20180919

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20180919

Ref country code: GR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20181220

Ref country code: BG

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20181219

Ref country code: SE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20180919

Ref country code: NO

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20181219

Ref country code: RS

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20180919

Ref country code: FI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20180919

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: LT

Ref legal event code: MG4D

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: HR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20180919

Ref country code: LV

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20180919

Ref country code: AL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20180919

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: AT

Ref legal event code: MK05

Ref document number: 1042815

Country of ref document: AT

Kind code of ref document: T

Effective date: 20180919

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: AT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20180919

Ref country code: IT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20180919

Ref country code: EE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20180919

Ref country code: NL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20180919

Ref country code: RO

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20180919

Ref country code: IS

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190119

Ref country code: CZ

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20180919

Ref country code: PL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20180919

Ref country code: ES

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20180919

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: PT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190119

Ref country code: SK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20180919

Ref country code: SM

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20180919

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R097

Ref document number: 602014032624

Country of ref document: DE

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20180919

26N No opposition filed

Effective date: 20190620

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: PL

GBPC Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

Effective date: 20190227

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20190227

Ref country code: SI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20180919

Ref country code: MC

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20180919

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: BE

Ref legal event code: MM

Effective date: 20190228

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: IE

Ref legal event code: MM4A

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20190228

Ref country code: CH

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20190228

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20190227

Ref country code: IE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20190227

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: BE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20190228

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: TR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20180919

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: MT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20190227

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: CY

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20180919

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: HU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT; INVALID AB INITIO

Effective date: 20140227

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: MK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20180919

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Payment date: 20230110

Year of fee payment: 10

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 20221230

Year of fee payment: 10

P01 Opt-out of the competence of the unified patent court (upc) registered

Effective date: 20230510