EP2408568B1 - Ensemble d'électrodes pour un pulvérisateur électrostatique - Google Patents

Ensemble d'électrodes pour un pulvérisateur électrostatique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2408568B1
EP2408568B1 EP10709704.0A EP10709704A EP2408568B1 EP 2408568 B1 EP2408568 B1 EP 2408568B1 EP 10709704 A EP10709704 A EP 10709704A EP 2408568 B1 EP2408568 B1 EP 2408568B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
electrode
atomizer
thread
housing element
electrode assembly
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Application number
EP10709704.0A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2408568A1 (fr
EP2408568B2 (fr
Inventor
Hans-Jürgen Nolte
Andreas Fischer
Peter Marquardt
Jürgen BERKOWITSCH
Joachim Schneider
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Duerr Systems AG
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Duerr Systems AG
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Publication date
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Application filed by Duerr Systems AG filed Critical Duerr Systems AG
Priority to PL10709704T priority Critical patent/PL2408568T5/pl
Publication of EP2408568A1 publication Critical patent/EP2408568A1/fr
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Publication of EP2408568B1 publication Critical patent/EP2408568B1/fr
Publication of EP2408568B2 publication Critical patent/EP2408568B2/fr
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B5/00—Electrostatic spraying apparatus; Spraying apparatus with means for charging the spray electrically; Apparatus for spraying liquids or other fluent materials by other electric means
    • B05B5/025—Discharge apparatus, e.g. electrostatic spray guns
    • B05B5/053—Arrangements for supplying power, e.g. charging power
    • B05B5/0533—Electrodes specially adapted therefor; Arrangements of electrodes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B13/00—Machines or plants for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces of objects or other work by spraying, not covered by groups B05B1/00 - B05B11/00
    • B05B13/02—Means for supporting work; Arrangement or mounting of spray heads; Adaptation or arrangement of means for feeding work
    • B05B13/0221—Means for supporting work; Arrangement or mounting of spray heads; Adaptation or arrangement of means for feeding work characterised by the means for moving or conveying the objects or other work, e.g. conveyor belts
    • B05B13/0271—Means for supporting work; Arrangement or mounting of spray heads; Adaptation or arrangement of means for feeding work characterised by the means for moving or conveying the objects or other work, e.g. conveyor belts the object or work standing still during the spraying operation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B13/00—Machines or plants for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces of objects or other work by spraying, not covered by groups B05B1/00 - B05B11/00
    • B05B13/02—Means for supporting work; Arrangement or mounting of spray heads; Adaptation or arrangement of means for feeding work
    • B05B13/04—Means for supporting work; Arrangement or mounting of spray heads; Adaptation or arrangement of means for feeding work the spray heads being moved during spraying operation
    • B05B13/0431—Means for supporting work; Arrangement or mounting of spray heads; Adaptation or arrangement of means for feeding work the spray heads being moved during spraying operation with spray heads moved by robots or articulated arms, e.g. for applying liquid or other fluent material to 3D-surfaces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B16/00—Spray booths
    • B05B16/90—Spray booths comprising conveying means for moving objects or other work to be sprayed in and out of the booth, e.g. through the booth
    • B05B16/95—Spray booths comprising conveying means for moving objects or other work to be sprayed in and out of the booth, e.g. through the booth the objects or other work to be sprayed lying on, or being held above the conveying means, i.e. not hanging from the conveying means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B5/00—Electrostatic spraying apparatus; Spraying apparatus with means for charging the spray electrically; Apparatus for spraying liquids or other fluent materials by other electric means
    • B05B5/005—Electrostatic spraying apparatus; Spraying apparatus with means for charging the spray electrically; Apparatus for spraying liquids or other fluent materials by other electric means the high voltage supplied to an electrostatic spraying apparatus being adjustable during spraying operation, e.g. for modifying spray width, droplet size
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B5/00—Electrostatic spraying apparatus; Spraying apparatus with means for charging the spray electrically; Apparatus for spraying liquids or other fluent materials by other electric means
    • B05B5/025—Discharge apparatus, e.g. electrostatic spray guns
    • B05B5/04—Discharge apparatus, e.g. electrostatic spray guns characterised by having rotary outlet or deflecting elements, i.e. spraying being also effected by centrifugal forces
    • B05B5/0403—Discharge apparatus, e.g. electrostatic spray guns characterised by having rotary outlet or deflecting elements, i.e. spraying being also effected by centrifugal forces characterised by the rotating member
    • B05B5/0407—Discharge apparatus, e.g. electrostatic spray guns characterised by having rotary outlet or deflecting elements, i.e. spraying being also effected by centrifugal forces characterised by the rotating member with a spraying edge, e.g. like a cup or a bell
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B5/00—Electrostatic spraying apparatus; Spraying apparatus with means for charging the spray electrically; Apparatus for spraying liquids or other fluent materials by other electric means
    • B05B5/025—Discharge apparatus, e.g. electrostatic spray guns
    • B05B5/04—Discharge apparatus, e.g. electrostatic spray guns characterised by having rotary outlet or deflecting elements, i.e. spraying being also effected by centrifugal forces
    • B05B5/0422—Discharge apparatus, e.g. electrostatic spray guns characterised by having rotary outlet or deflecting elements, i.e. spraying being also effected by centrifugal forces comprising means for controlling speed of rotation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B5/00—Electrostatic spraying apparatus; Spraying apparatus with means for charging the spray electrically; Apparatus for spraying liquids or other fluent materials by other electric means
    • B05B5/025—Discharge apparatus, e.g. electrostatic spray guns
    • B05B5/053—Arrangements for supplying power, e.g. charging power
    • B05B5/0533—Electrodes specially adapted therefor; Arrangements of electrodes
    • B05B5/0536—Dimensional characteristics of electrodes, e.g. diameter or radius of curvature of a needle-like corona electrode
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B13/00—Machines or plants for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces of objects or other work by spraying, not covered by groups B05B1/00 - B05B11/00
    • B05B13/02—Means for supporting work; Arrangement or mounting of spray heads; Adaptation or arrangement of means for feeding work
    • B05B13/04—Means for supporting work; Arrangement or mounting of spray heads; Adaptation or arrangement of means for feeding work the spray heads being moved during spraying operation
    • B05B13/0447—Installation or apparatus for applying liquid or other fluent material to conveyed separate articles
    • B05B13/0452—Installation or apparatus for applying liquid or other fluent material to conveyed separate articles the conveyed articles being vehicle bodies
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B13/00—Machines or plants for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces of objects or other work by spraying, not covered by groups B05B1/00 - B05B11/00
    • B05B13/02—Means for supporting work; Arrangement or mounting of spray heads; Adaptation or arrangement of means for feeding work
    • B05B13/04—Means for supporting work; Arrangement or mounting of spray heads; Adaptation or arrangement of means for feeding work the spray heads being moved during spraying operation
    • B05B13/0447—Installation or apparatus for applying liquid or other fluent material to conveyed separate articles
    • B05B13/0457—Installation or apparatus for applying liquid or other fluent material to conveyed separate articles specially designed for applying liquid or other fluent material to 3D-surfaces of the articles, e.g. by using several moving spray heads
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B16/00—Spray booths
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B5/00—Electrostatic spraying apparatus; Spraying apparatus with means for charging the spray electrically; Apparatus for spraying liquids or other fluent materials by other electric means
    • B05B5/025—Discharge apparatus, e.g. electrostatic spray guns
    • B05B5/04—Discharge apparatus, e.g. electrostatic spray guns characterised by having rotary outlet or deflecting elements, i.e. spraying being also effected by centrifugal forces
    • B05B5/0426—Means for supplying shaping gas
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B5/00—Electrostatic spraying apparatus; Spraying apparatus with means for charging the spray electrically; Apparatus for spraying liquids or other fluent materials by other electric means
    • B05B5/08—Plant for applying liquids or other fluent materials to objects
    • B05B5/082—Plant for applying liquids or other fluent materials to objects characterised by means for supporting, holding or conveying the objects
    • B05B5/084—Plant for applying liquids or other fluent materials to objects characterised by means for supporting, holding or conveying the objects the objects lying on, or being supported above conveying means, e.g. conveyor belts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B5/00—Electrostatic spraying apparatus; Spraying apparatus with means for charging the spray electrically; Apparatus for spraying liquids or other fluent materials by other electric means
    • B05B5/08—Plant for applying liquids or other fluent materials to objects
    • B05B5/087—Arrangements of electrodes, e.g. of charging, shielding, collecting electrodes

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of coating workpieces by means of electrostatically assisted atomization, in particular by means of electrostatic rotary atomization.
  • electrostatic atomizers in particular electrostatic rotary atomizers
  • external charging in which a Absprühstrahl is exposed to an electrostatic field generated by external electrodes.
  • the paint droplets are charged by ion accumulation and transported to, for example, grounded workpiece, as for example in the publications DE 10202711 A1 and EP 1 362 640 B1 is described.
  • a disadvantage of the knownußaufladungsflowere is that the external electrodes required for the generation of the electrostatic field, the coating of narrow areas and narrow spaces such. As in the interior of workpieces or in the interior of a vehicle door or in the entry areas of the vehicle body, or complicate the coating of closely related items on a goods carrier, especially attachments with little distance, such as bumpers, due to their size.
  • the invention is based on the realization that an efficient external charging concept, which allows both the inner / detail coating (ie an inner coating and / or detail coating) and the outer coating of workpieces, can be realized by an electrode arrangement with, for example, an electrode ring.
  • the electrodes of the electrode assembly are for generating a provided electrostatic field, which contributes to the formation of at least a housing surface flowing discharge currents.
  • a discharge current component extending in the direction of the axis of symmetry, ie in the direction of the axis of symmetry, for example in the direction of an axis of symmetry of the electrode arrangement or the electrode ring or in the direction of a spray element arranged around the axis of symmetry, for example a bell cup or a spray jet axis or in the direction of a robot hand axis
  • Discharge current selectively influenced dielectrically, especially damped.
  • both directions of the respective axis can be taken into account.
  • the invention makes it possible to minimize or avoid unwanted or parasitic discharges, whereby advantageously increased charging of the coating agent or the spray jet can be achieved.
  • the dimensions of the electrostatic atomizer can be reduced, which simplifies the accessibility of hard to reach interior body parts.
  • the electrodes can be arranged such that the same electrostatic atomizer can be used both for interior painting and for exterior painting.
  • each to be used modular with the electrostatic atomizer (preferably releasably eg by means of a thread) connectable electrode assembly can be adapted to the respective purpose, so that, for example, for internal painting an electrode assembly with smaller dimensions and for the outer coating can be used an electrode assembly with larger dimensions.
  • connectable electrode assembly can be provided, which are pushed out for the exterior painting, for example by means of compressed air can be.
  • the electrode arrangement can have electrodes with different lengths and / or angles of inclination with respect to the axis of symmetry.
  • the invention relates to an arrangement for one or more electrodes or an electrode assembly for an electrostatic atomizer, for example for an electrostatic rotary atomizer, having an electrode support means for supporting at least one electrostatic field generating electrode about an axis of symmetry, for example, providing a dielectric material can be, preferably for influencing a extending in the direction of the axis of symmetry discharge current component of a discharge current.
  • the electrode arrangement is provided for external charging of coating agent and particularly suitable for external charging of coating agent in the inner / detail coating and / or the outer coating.
  • the electrode assembly may include one or more electrodes for receiving one or more electrodes.
  • the electrode assembly and / or the electrode support means and / or the dielectric material has a central axis.
  • the axis of symmetry corresponds to the central axis of the electrode arrangement and / or the electrode mounting device and / or the dielectric material.
  • the axis of symmetry may, for example, be an axis of symmetry, in particular a rotation axis, of the electrode mounting device, which may, for example, be rotationally symmetrical, in particular annular.
  • the axis of symmetry may be an axis of symmetry of, for example, a rotationally symmetrical electrostatic field.
  • the axis of symmetry may be defined by a spray direction of a jet sprayed by a spray element, or by an axis of a turbine shaft which drives the spray element, for example a bell cup.
  • the aforementioned symmetry axes can also coincide in particular with rotary atomizers to a common axis of symmetry.
  • the discharge current component extending toward the symmetry axis can propagate in particular at an arbitrary angle to the axis of symmetry and, for example, directly in the direction of the axis of symmetry, for example perpendicular thereto, or at an angle which is less than 90 °, or along a housing surface or along a housing surface propagate or extend the electric field lines given way or on any path to the symmetry axis.
  • the dielectric material may be, for example, an insulating material having a dielectric constant different from or exceeding that of the air.
  • the dielectric material is provided to influence the discharge current component extending in the direction of the axis of symmetry, and is in particular arranged to isolate the grounded or low potential components (eg sprayer (bell cup), power turbine, bearing, hand axis, etc.) , whereby the current flow can be selectively changed and / or minimized and / or interrupted.
  • the grounded or low potential components eg sprayer (bell cup), power turbine, bearing, hand axis, etc.
  • the dielectric material is provided on the at least one electrode, that during operation of the atomizer insulation to the rear (eg in the direction of the hand axis or hand axis side or in the relative to the Absprühelement opposite direction or to the relative to the Absprühelement side facing away) and / or according to (radially) inside (eg in the direction of the drive turbine or other internal Zerstäubertechnik) and / or forward (eg absprühelement devis or towards Absprühelement) and / or after (radially) outside (eg in the direction away from the drive turbine direction) achieved becomes.
  • inventive concept is also particularly advantageous for use in a paint booth, for example in a universal cabin or in a Lackierbox.
  • the inventive concept can be used in a boxing concept, which is described in the document WO 2007/131660 A1 , is described.
  • the dielectric material is asymmetrically arranged or formed, for example, with respect to a holder which can be held or held by the electrode holding device, so that the discharge current component extending in the direction of the axis of symmetry can be influenced in a targeted manner.
  • the dielectric material may, for example, be bulged toward the symmetry axis, which advantageously effects a direction-dependent influencing of the discharge current component.
  • the electrode arrangement comprises at least one electrode, which can be coupled to the electrode mounting device for generating the electrostatic field, in particular mechanically and / or electrically.
  • the at least one electrode may be embedded or plugged or plugged into the electrode support means at least partially or completely, or down to an electrode end which may be between about 1 mm to 5 mm in length, or completely or substantially completely.
  • the at least one electrode can furthermore be completely or almost completely recessed in the electrode mounting device or in at least one electrode accommodating space.
  • the dielectric material may be, for example, an integral part of the electrode support means, which may be or consist of a dielectric material.
  • At least one electrode and / or at least one electrode receiving space is accommodated in the electrode holding device.
  • resistors having a length of about 30 mm or between about 30 mm to 100 mm, and / or a diameter of about 8 mm or between about 6 mm may be in the electrode holder or in an insulating material of the electrode holder or in the dielectric material and 12 mm embedded in an insulating medium.
  • resistors having a length of about 30 mm or between about 30 mm to 100 mm, and / or a diameter of about 8 mm or between about 6 mm may be in the electrode holder or in an insulating material of the electrode holder or in the dielectric material and 12 mm embedded in an insulating medium.
  • the resistance can e.g. a resistive element, which is realized from teilleitJem plastic or a semiconductor, which preferably permanently provides the substantially same resistance value as a commercially available thick-film resistor.
  • the electrode assembly may comprise one or a plurality of preferably cylindrical or sleeve-shaped resistance-receiving means for receiving at least one resistor.
  • the at least one resistance-receiving means may be provided with an insulating medium, e.g. coated or filled.
  • the at least one resistor can be coated or encased by an insulating medium or embedded in an insulating medium.
  • the resistance-receiving means in particular its receiving space, can with a preferably made of plastic closure means, e.g. a cap, be formed closable, whereby it can be prevented that e.g. liquid insulating medium emerges.
  • the at least one resistor and / or the at least one resistance-receiving means can be arranged substantially parallel to the axis of symmetry.
  • the insulating medium or insulating fluid may be, for example, lipids (oils, fats, etc.).
  • the insulating medium may be gaseous (eg SF 6 ), solid, liquid or fluid. It is also possible to use potting compound or suitable adhesives as insulating medium.
  • the insulating medium should include very good insulating properties. It is also possible to arrange or embed the parts to be insulated (eg the electrodes, the resistors, etc.) directly in insulating or dielectric material.
  • the electrode mounting device preferably comprises at least one, for example, cylindrical or sleeve-shaped Receiving space for receiving an electrode.
  • the electrode arrangement preferably comprises at least one electrode and / or at least one electrode receiving space, which is arranged angled with respect to the axis of symmetry and / or extends obliquely outwards and / or forwards.
  • the electrode and / or the electrode-receiving space are preferably arranged non-parallel to the axis of symmetry.
  • the electrode arrangement comprises at least one electrode (or at least one electrode receiving space) which can be mechanically and / or electrically coupled to the electrode mounting device for generating the electrostatic field, wherein an angle between the at least one electrode and the axis of symmetry is greater than 0 ° and not greater, preferably less than 90 ° or 180 °, for example, greater than about 40 °, 45 ° or 50 ° and / or less than about 60 °, 65 ° or 70 °, in particular about 55 °. It is also possible that the angle has negative values up to about -90 °.
  • the electrodes or the electrode receiving spaces can thus be arranged in particular obliquely or angled to the axis of symmetry, for example, extending forwardly and / or outwardly, but also to the front and / or inwardly extending. Even an extension to the outside and / or to the rear is possible.
  • the electrodes or electrode receiving spaces can be arranged substantially parallel or non-parallel or skewed to the symmetry axis. When the arrangement is not parallel to the symmetry axis, angles between 0 ° and +/- 180 ° are possible.
  • the axis of symmetry and at least one electrode receiving space and / or at least one electrode may extend in a notional common plane.
  • the electrode arrangement comprises at least one electrode which can be mechanically and / or electrically coupled to the electrode mounting device for generating the electrostatic field, wherein the dielectric material is arranged, for example, between the at least one electrode and the axis of symmetry or which asymmetrically encloses at least one electrode or does not surround or only partially encloses.
  • the dielectric material may, for example, be shaped in the shape of a dielectric bead or a dielectric projection, in particular a collar-shaped projection.
  • the dielectric material in particular the dielectric bead or the dielectric projection, for example, to project outwardly and / or forwards diagonally or curved, for example, to expand conically and / or be arranged coaxially to the axis of symmetry, in particular to be annular around the axis of symmetry extend.
  • the dielectric or insulating material may be provided substantially annularly with or without interruptions become.
  • the at least one electrode to extend into the ridge or protrusion and even protrude from the ridge or protrusion.
  • the dielectric material is provided to influence or not to attenuate or less to attenuate, or to attenuate, less than the discharge current component facing toward the symmetry axis, another discharge current component oppositely directed with respect to the aforementioned discharge current component to dampen.
  • a current discharge path is advantageously lengthened toward the axis of symmetry, so that the electrode arrangement as a whole can have more compact dimensions, which are advantageous for the inner coating.
  • the electrode holding device is, for example, annularly shaped around the axis of symmetry, so that the axis of symmetry coincides with an axis of rotation of the electrode holding device.
  • the axis of symmetry may be that axis about which the electrostatic field, which may be generated by a plurality of electrodes arranged around the axis of symmetry and electrically and / or mechanically coupled to the electrode mounting device, may extend coronally, for example.
  • the electrostatic field is extendable in the direction of the axis of symmetry.
  • both axes of symmetry preferably coincide, so that the dielectric material can only be formed with respect to an axis of symmetry. If the aforementioned symmetry axes do not coincide, the dielectric material may be provided to take into account only one of the axes of symmetry.
  • the dielectric material may be be arranged both axes of symmetry as described above.
  • the axis of symmetry coincides (coaxially) with the central axis of a spray element and / or a central axis of the nebulizer (e.g., a center axis of a nebulizer housing element or housing element) and / or a rotational axis of the nebulizer.
  • the previous central axes at least merge into one another or intersect.
  • an inner circumference of the electrode arrangement is in contact with an outer circumference of a housing element of the atomizer in order to ensure a compact atomizer structure.
  • the electrode arrangement and / or the electrode mounting device and / or the dielectric material may preferably be attached to the front, in particular on an end face of the atomizer (preferably a Zerstäubergekoruseelements), preferably in annular contact and / or thread-like or otherwise fastening.
  • the atomizer preferably a Zerstäubergekoruseelements
  • the electrode arrangement comprises a plurality of electrode receiving spaces and / or a plurality of electrodes arranged around the axis of symmetry and electrically and / or mechanically coupled to the electrode mounting device, wherein the ends of the plurality of electrodes facing away from the electrode mounting device are arranged along one Circular path are arranged.
  • the ratio within a tolerance range, for example, ⁇ ⁇ / 4, equal to n.
  • the ratio can within a ratio range, in particular ⁇ 1% or ⁇ 2%, between 2 and 4 or between 2.5 and 3.5 or between 3 and 3.2 are.
  • a ratio of a product of a radius of the circular path and a distance of the circular path to a spray element of the electrostatic atomizer, for example to a bell cup or to a bellcrank edge, to a squared diameter of this spray element in a range between 2 n and 4 n By this design rule, an advantageous distance of the electrode ends is determined with respect to the Absprühiatas.
  • the electrode arrangement comprises at least one electrode, which is mechanically and / or electrically coupled to the electrode mounting device for generating the electrostatic field.
  • the at least one electrode preferably comprises a variable electrode length or at least one movable electrode section which can be pushed onto a further electrode section in a telescopic manner or inserted into it.
  • the variable electrode length can be adjusted for example by means of compressed air, so that, for example, a ring electrode arrangement for exterior and interior painting can be adapted in an advantageous manner.
  • the electrode arrangement comprises at least one electrode which is electrically and / or mechanically coupled to the electrode mounting device for generating the electrostatic field.
  • the at least one electrode is preferably with a dielectric material, symmetrically or asymmetrically encased, which may be, for example, polytetrafluoroethylene.
  • the electrode arrangement comprises a thread, which can preferably be provided coaxially to the central axis and / or axis of symmetry.
  • the thread may be provided with insulating medium (eg, insulating grease such as petroleum jelly), thereby improving insulation, which contributes to a directed take-up or prevention or minimization of the discharge current.
  • the thread may further be provided for releasably connecting the electrode holding device to a housing of an electrostatic atomizer by means of a threaded engagement.
  • the thread may be further formed of an insulating or dielectric material, whereby the insulation properties can be further improved.
  • the thread can be made conical to create a self-locking.
  • the thread is arranged coaxially to the axis of symmetry. It is possible that the thread extends around the electrode assembly and / or the electrode support means and / or the axis of symmetry.
  • the thread may be provided with or provided with insulating medium, preferably for preventing or minimizing a discharge current or a discharge current component. Furthermore, the thread can be provided to achieve a preferably increased discharge path and / or a discharge current labyrinth (eg from a high voltage part such as an electrode tip to a lower voltage part such as a bell cup or a grounded part Drive turbine), and in particular to an insulation inside and / or rear or to reduce or avoid unwanted discharges.
  • a discharge current labyrinth eg from a high voltage part such as an electrode tip to a lower voltage part such as a bell cup or a grounded part Drive turbine
  • the electrode mounting device comprises a first electrical connection or a connection ring for contacting at least one electrode.
  • the first electrical terminal may further comprise a resistor or has a resistance to effect an electrical resistance adjustment of the electrode.
  • the first electrical connection may also be provided to contact a plurality of electrodes, for which purpose one or more resistors may be provided.
  • the electrode arrangement or the electrode mounting device comprises a corresponding second electrical connection or a connection ring for contacting the first electrical connection, wherein the second electrical connection is guided to the outside or accessible from the outside.
  • the electrode arrangement and / or the electrode mounting device and / or the dielectric material is formed substantially annularly around the axis of symmetry or arranged coaxially to the axis of symmetry.
  • the electrode assembly and / or the electrode support means and / or the dielectric material and / or the first and / or second diaphragms mentioned below may define a central opening for receiving a part of the atomizer (eg a housing element of the atomizer, eg a storage unit or a drive turbine) harbors) and / or for the passage of a coating agent or other internal Zerstäubertechnik (eg paint / air supplies, etc).
  • one or more electrode receiving spaces are connected to one or more resistance receiving means.
  • one or more electrodes may have one or more electrodes be connected to several resistors.
  • the resistor (s) may be provided to be connected to a charging member provided in a nebulizer housing member, preferably a charging ring.
  • one or more electrode receiving spaces and / or electrodes and / or resistance-receiving means and / or resistors can be arranged at a distance from the central axis and / or the axis of symmetry.
  • a plurality of electrode receiving spaces and / or electrodes and / or resistance-receiving means and / or resistors around the central axis and / or the axis of symmetry, preferably circumferentially equally spaced from each other.
  • the electrode arrangement and / or the electrode mounting device may comprise a first panel and / or a second panel.
  • the first panel and / or the second panel may be provided substantially annular.
  • the first diaphragm and / or the second diaphragm is arranged substantially coaxially and / or parallel to the axis of symmetry.
  • the first aperture has a larger diameter than the second aperture.
  • the at least one resistance-receiving means and / or the at least one resistor is arranged between the first diaphragm and the second diaphragm.
  • the aperture may have the thread. The thread is preferably provided on the outer periphery of the first panel.
  • the second aperture is thicker or thicker than the first aperture.
  • the first and / or second diaphragm is preferably formed of dielectric or insulating material.
  • the first and / or second aperture may be provided to form a sandwiched arrangement, particularly with a nebulizer housing member provided with at least one corresponding aperture.
  • the electrode arrangement, the electrode mounting device and / or the dielectric material may comprise a substantially annular portion and / or at least one (preferably obliquely, curved or otherwise outwardly and / or forward, in particular substantially conical) expanding and / or projecting portion ,
  • the at least one widening section is provided as the electrode mounting device, in which preferably at least one electrode and / or at least one electrode accommodating space are accommodated.
  • the electrode assembly may consist of the annular portion and the flared portion.
  • the flared portion may preferably be substantially cone-shaped (eg with a straight generant generatrix or curved generatrix), funnel-shaped, plate-edge-shaped or rotationally hyperboloid (ring) shaped.
  • a single flared portion is provided which is annularly formed about the axis of symmetry and / or coaxial with the axis of symmetry.
  • the widening portion has a plurality of interruptions and thus consequently comprises a plurality of sections or consists of several sections, which for example may also project outwardly and / or forwardly, in particular in the circumferential direction may be evenly spaced from each other and moreover, they may be aligned substantially parallel or not parallel or skewed to the axis of symmetry.
  • the expanding portion may extend from the substantially annular portion.
  • the flared portion is preferably projecting (and / or expanding relative to the annular portion and / or relative to the atomizer) radially outward and / or toward (axially) forward.
  • the substantially annular portion comprises the thread and / or at least one resistor and / or at least one resistance-receiving space and / or the first and / or the second diaphragm, wherein the expanding portion preferably receives one or more electrodes and / or one or more electrode-receiving spaces.
  • the widening section protrudes in particular obliquely forwardly (in the direction of the spray-off element or to the side of the spray-off element) and (radially) outwards, wherein the annular section at least in sections, preferably substantially completely, by a Atomizer housing element is covered.
  • the flared portion and / or one or more of the parts encompassed by the annular portion may preferably be formed of dielectric material.
  • the at least one widening portion corresponds to the electrode holding device.
  • the invention relates to a Zerstäubergephaseuseelement, in particular for holding an electrode assembly, as described above, for an electrostatic atomizer, in particular for a rotary atomizer, which is a Zerstäubergephaseuse with a housing member having a first diameter for directly or indirectly holding a shaping air ring and / or for receiving or covering a storage device for a Absprühelement, in particular for a bell cup comprises.
  • the storage device may, for example, comprise or be a turbine or a turbine shaft for driving the spray-off element.
  • the turbine or the turbine shaft can be held indirectly or directly, for example, by the housing element according to an embodiment.
  • the housing element essentially serves to cover the turbine and / or the turbine shaft, which can be held hand axis side, for example by means of a flange.
  • the atomizer housing element can for example be directly upstream of the housing element and / or be connectable to the housing element.
  • the atomizer housing element is preferably provided as a tube, which can be formed rectilinear or angled.
  • the housing member of the nebulizer housing of the nebulizer is not a feature of the nebulizer housing member.
  • the atomizer housing element can take over the function of the housing element or form an integral or integral unit with this.
  • the atomizer housing member preferably includes a second diameter that is different than the first diameter, wherein a difference in diameter between the first diameter and the second diameter defines an electrode support area for supporting the electrode assembly.
  • the electrode holder portion may be formed by, for example, a circumferential surface whose width is determined by the diameter difference. This surface may, for example, be arranged perpendicular to a surface, in particular to an outer surface, of the atomizer housing element, so that the electrode mounting region is defined by a direct, sudden transition, which is determined by the difference in diameter.
  • the electrode support portion may be formed by a continuous transition that does not extend perpendicularly but at a shallower angle with respect to the outer surface of the atomizer housing member.
  • the electrode holding area may be further distinguished by the difference in diameter be formed at a separation boundary between the atomizer housing element and the housing element.
  • the nebulizer housing member may include a first thread and / or a second thread at a first (axial) end of the nebulizer housing member. Further, a third thread may be provided at a second (axial) end of the atomizer housing member.
  • the first thread for connecting the Zerstäubergephasephaseuseiatas is provided with the electrode assembly, the second thread for connecting the Zerstäubergephaseuseelements with the housing member and the third thread for connecting the Zerstäubergephaseuseiatas with an insulating sleeve.
  • the electrode support portion may extend between a surface of the atomizer housing member and the second thread.
  • the atomizer housing element which can be provided, for example, for insulating at least one valve of an atomizer, comprises a connection region, which may comprise, for example, the first and / or second threads, for connecting the atomizer housing element to the housing element and / or the electrode arrangement the electrode support portion extends between a surface, in particular an outer surface, of the atomizer housing member and the connecting portion.
  • the electrode holding portion is thus formed by a portion of the atomizer housing member which is defined by the difference in diameter and is not covered by the housing member when connected thereto.
  • the thread (s) of the connection area may also have a further extension of a discharge path cause and be provided with insulating medium (eg insulating grease, preferably Vaseline).
  • insulating medium eg insulating grease, preferably Vaseline
  • the second diameter is preferably larger than the first diameter, so that the electrode holder region or its normal points, for example, in a discharge direction.
  • the second diameter may be smaller than the first diameter, allowing for direct placement of the electrodes on a surface of the nebulizer housing.
  • the difference in diameter defines an area pointing at least partially in the direction of discharge or at least one projection pointing at least partially in the direction of discharge, in particular circumferentially, for holding the electrode arrangement.
  • the nebulizer housing member may include a central axis extending through the nebulizer housing member.
  • the axis of symmetry of the electrode assembly and the center axis of the Zerstäubergepuruseelements can coincide (coaxial).
  • the symmetry axis and the central axis at least merge into one another or intersect.
  • the atomizer housing element may comprise a first diaphragm and / or a second diaphragm, which are preferably provided substantially annular and in particular coaxially and / or may be arranged extending parallel to the central axis.
  • the first aperture has a larger diameter than the second aperture. It is possible that at least one receiving space for a resistance-receiving means and / or a resistance between the first diaphragm and the second aperture is formed.
  • the second aperture can be made stronger than the first aperture.
  • the first panel and / or the second panel is provided in order to achieve an insulation and / or a labyrinth inward or to reduce or avoid unwanted discharges.
  • the apertures may be provided to form a sandwiched arrangement, particularly with the electrode assembly provided with at least one mating aperture.
  • the first and / or second diaphragm is preferably formed of dielectric or insulating material.
  • the atomizer housing element is angled straight or, for example, in an angular range of approximately 60 °, which is advantageous for internal coating.
  • the atomizer housing member is angled less than about 70 ° or 65 ° and / or more than about 50 ° or 55 °.
  • the nebulizer housing member may further include at least one detachable insulating sleeve or an extension portion formed integrally with the nebulizer housing member, around a receiving device (eg, a bore) for a fastener (eg, a central spigot) for mounting or dismounting an atomizer and / or a robot -Handachse insulating cover.
  • the electrode mounting region comprises at least one electrical connection or a charging ring for electrically contacting at least one electrical connection of the electrode arrangement. This advantageously ensures electrode excitation or electrode contacting via the atomizer housing element.
  • the first thread and / or the second thread and / or the third thread may be arranged coaxially with the center axis of the atomizer housing element, preferably around the atomizer housing element and / or its central axis, and in particular be provided with insulating medium, thereby preventing or minimizing a discharge current or a discharge current component is achievable. Previous threads may also be tapered to create self-locking.
  • the first, the second and / or the third thread can produce an enlarged or extended discharge path and / or a labyrinth for discharge current, in particular in order to ensure insulation inwardly and / or rearwardly or to reduce unwanted discharges or to avoid, which advantageously the charging of the coating composition can be increased.
  • the invention relates to an atomizer housing for an electrostatic atomizer, in particular for a rotary atomizer, having a housing element with a first diameter, wherein the housing element is suitable for receiving or covering a drive turbine and / or a storage device for a spray element, in particular for a bell cup or is provided, and preferably the Zerstäubergepurelement for holding the electrode assembly.
  • the atomizer housing may, in a preferred embodiment, consist of only the housing element, and in another preferred embodiment further comprise in particular the atomizer housing element.
  • the housing element is preferably provided as a tube, which can be formed in particular straight. It is possible that a central axis extends through the housing element or the atomizer housing.
  • the housing member may include a first thread at a first (axial) end and / or a second thread at a second (axial) end.
  • the first thread may be provided for connection to the atomizer housing member, wherein the second thread may be provided for connection to a nebulizer having a shaping air ring. It is also possible for the housing element and the atomizer part having the shaping air ring to be integrally provided (integral) or for the shaping air ring to be incorporated into the housing element.
  • the diameter of the first thread is greater than the diameter of the second thread.
  • the first thread and / or the second thread is arranged coaxially to the central axis of the housing element.
  • the first thread and / or the second thread of the housing member may extend around the housing member and / or the central axis of the housing member, and preferably be provided or provided with insulating medium. Similar to the threads already mentioned above, the first thread and / or the second thread of the housing element is also provided for preventing or minimizing a discharge current or a discharge current component, can be tapered to produce self-locking, and provided to one preferably To achieve increased discharge gap and / or a labyrinth for discharge current. In particular, an insulation during operation of the atomizer to the front and / or inside to be ensured or unwanted discharges are reduced or avoided, which advantageously the charging of the coating composition can be increased.
  • the electrode support portion is formed between an outer surface of the atomizer housing member and an outer surface of the housing member.
  • the electrode support portion thus extends between the outer surfaces of the Zerstäubergephaseuseiatas and the housing member and is determined by the difference in diameter.
  • the atomizer housing element is releasably connectable to the housing element, for example connectable or connected by means of a threaded connection, and upstream of the atomizer housing element with respect to an arrangement of the spray-off element or with respect to a discharge direction.
  • the nebulizer housing or the nebulizer housing element comprises an insulating cover or insulating insulating sleeve for covering a hand axis side wall or for covering a (robot) hand axis, which may be grounded and / or which may, for example, house a valve arrangement or supply hoses of an atomizer.
  • a rearward discharge current extending in the direction of the hand axis is advantageously influenced or prevented.
  • the dielectric sleeve is for example made of a dielectric material, in particular polytetrafluoroethylene, and may for example be connected to the atomizer housing or the atomizer housing element by means of a threaded engagement or, in particular, with the atomizer housing element form an integral unit and e.g. be clamped on the atomizer via a surrounding collar.
  • the invention also relates to an insulating sleeve per se.
  • the insulating sleeve provided for the isolation of built-in components such as paint / air supply or Zerstäubergephaseuseierin or for the isolation of a hand axis side wall or a hand axis of the robot.
  • the insulating sleeve may have a connection region for detachable connection, in particular by means of a threaded connection or a snap connection, with the atomizer housing element.
  • the insulating sleeve is preferably formed of an insulating material, in particular of polytetrafluoroethylene.
  • the insulating sleeve may include a first thread at a first (axial) end and / or a second thread at a second (axial) end.
  • the insulating sleeve is preferably provided cylindrically, which can be formed in particular straight.
  • the insulating sleeve can preferably be detachably connected to a further insulating sleeve ("expansion insulating sleeve") in order to advantageously further increase the insulating effect in the direction of the hand axis or to the rear and / or to shield earthed components located beneath the insulating sleeve.
  • expansion insulating sleeve further insulating sleeve
  • a single correspondingly long insulating sleeve or the further insulating sleeve eg by screwing
  • a receiving device eg a bore
  • a fastener eg a central clamping pin
  • the further insulating sleeve can be screwed onto the second thread of the insulating sleeve (hand-axis side) become.
  • the first thread is preferably provided for connection to the atomizer housing element.
  • the insulating sleeve is, as mentioned, preferably made of an insulating material, in particular made of polytetrafluoroethylene, molded, but can stand out in color from other insulating components by, for example, admixture of MoS second
  • a central axis extends through the at least one insulating sleeve.
  • the diameter of the first thread may be substantially the same size as the diameter of the second thread.
  • the first thread and / or the second thread may be arranged coaxially to the central axis of the insulating sleeve.
  • first thread and / or the second thread can extend around the insulating sleeve and / or its central axis. Similar to the threads already mentioned above, the first thread and / or the second thread of the insulating sleeve is also provided for preventing or minimizing a discharge current or a discharge current component, can be made conical to create a self-locking, and provided to one preferably To achieve increased discharge gap and / or a labyrinth for discharge current. In particular, an isolation during operation of the atomizer is to be ensured to the rear or unwanted discharges are reduced or avoided, which can be advantageous to increase the charge of the coating composition.
  • the insulating sleeve has a length in a range between approximately 100 mm and 200 mm or approximately 140 mm or 160 mm. Preferably, the insulating sleeve is about 150 mm long.
  • the surface of the insulating sleeve for surface enlargement is not flat, but for example wavy or structured formed or provided with projections and depressions, so that the surface of the insulating sleeve, for example. a golf ball surface with dimpleartigen wells same.
  • the surface of the nebulizer housing member, the housing member or the electrode assembly may also have such a surface configuration to increase the creepage distance, whereby a greater resistance to the current can be achieved.
  • the insulating sleeve may be further connectable to the atomizer housing member described above, for example, by means of the first thread, which may be provided with an insulating medium (e.g., insulating grease, e.g., petroleum jelly).
  • an insulating medium e.g., insulating grease, e.g., petroleum jelly.
  • the invention relates to an electrostatic atomizer, in particular a rotary atomizer, preferably with the atomizer housing according to the invention, the electrode assembly according to the invention and / or the at least one insulating sleeve according to the invention, as described above.
  • the atomizer is advantageously suitable for external charging for or in an outer coating and for or in an inner coating and / or detail coating.
  • the atomizer is suitable for interior / detail coating without electrical isolation.
  • the electrostatic atomizer comprises a spray element, for example a bell cup, which can be held by a bearing device.
  • the storage device can be, for example, a turbine or a turbine shaft, which is held or covered by the housing element.
  • the housing element may also be provided for holding the shaping air ring.
  • the electrostatic atomizer further comprises at least one electrode supported by the electrode assembly.
  • the electrostatic atomizer by means of a hand-axis-side connecting element, which may be covered, for example, with one or the aforementioned insulating, for example, a flange, for example, on a robot arm halterbar, wherein a ratio of a distance between an electrode end of the at least one electrode, which with the electrode assembly can be coupled mechanically and / or electrically, to the Absprühelement, in particular to an edge of the Absprühiatas, for example, to a Glockentellerkante, the handachsen matteren, for example, grounded, connecting element or a plastic hand axis or a housed hand axis in a range between 1.5 and 2 or 2 and 2.5 lies.
  • a hand-axis-side connecting element which may be covered, for example, with one or the aforementioned insulating, for example, a flange, for example, on a robot arm halterbar, wherein a ratio of a distance between an electrode end of the at least one electrode, which with the electrode assembly
  • a distance between an electrode end of the at least one electrode to the spray element in particular to a Absprühelementkante, for example, a bellcrank edge, in a range between 80 mm and 200 mm and in particular about 118 mm (preferably greater than or equal to about 80mm, 120mm, 160mm , 200mm or 240mm and / or less than 100mm, 140mm, 180mm, 220mm or 260mm).
  • a distance between the at least one electrode or its end to the first grounded hand axis element or to a connecting element, for example a grounded connecting flange, of the electrostatic atomizer in a range between about 120 mm and 625 mm or about 195 mm or 240 mm (with “extension insulating sleeve”) amount.
  • the atomizer part having the shaping air ring can partially or substantially completely shield and / or shield the lateral surface of the spray element remote from the component to be coated from a discharge current component or discharge current emitted by the at least one electrode and expose the spray element such that a discharge, in particular a corona discharge, preferably ignite at the bell-shaped edge.
  • the spray-off element in particular the lateral surface of the spray element facing away from the component to be coated, may also be substantially exposed, whereby a free air gap is achieved between the at least one electrode and the spray element, in particular the lateral surface of the spray element facing away from the component to be coated.
  • the Absprühelement eg a bell cup
  • the Absprühelement does not protrude from the nebulizer part having the shaping air ring and / or the housing element, wherein in this embodiment, the leading edge of the Nebulizer part having the shaping air ring defines the front end of the nebulizer.
  • the spray-off element is partially or completely housed in the spray air ring having atomizer and / or the housing element, for example by the outer periphery of the sprayer is partially or completely enclosed by the air freshener having the atomizer part and / or the housing member.
  • the electrostatic atomizer comprises the above-described insulating sleeve (s) which covers a wall of the electrostatic atomizer or its housing.
  • the electrostatic atomizer comprises the above-mentioned at least one insulating sleeve, wherein the electrostatic atomizer may further comprise a shaping air ring, wherein the electrode arrangement comprises at least one electrode, and wherein the electrode arrangement and / or the housing element made of dielectric material for influencing a in the direction the axis of symmetry and / or in the direction of the Absprühettis extending current component for charging a sprayable paint or atomized paint and / or the discharge current component are formed.
  • the electrode arrangement and / or the housing element and / or the insulating sleeve and / or the shaping air ring in each case by means of a thread, in particular with an insulating medium or insulating fluid (eg insulating grease such as Vaseline) coated or surrounded thread, halterbar, and / or wherein the thread (at the electrode assembly) at least one aperture, in particular a coated with insulating diaphragm, wherein the thread and / or the at least one aperture are provided, an extension, in particular by a labyrinth, to effect a discharge current path.
  • an insulating medium or insulating fluid eg insulating grease such as Vaseline
  • the at least one insulating sleeve and / or the shaping air ring (or the atomizer part having the shaping air ring) and / or the electrode arrangement and / or the housing element and / or the atomizer housing element and / or a spray element, in particular a bell cup, modularly replaceable and preferably adaptable or adapted to a respective application scenario comprising an inner coating and an outer coating.
  • the shaping air ring (or the atomizing part having the shaping air ring), the electrode holder (or electrode arrangement) and the spraying element, in particular a bell cup are exchangeable modularly.
  • the invention relates to an operating method, preferably an electrostatically assisted sputtering process, preferably with external charging of the coating agent and in particular for external charging of the coating agent in the inner / detail coating, in which a spray-off spray is atomized by means of an electrostatic atomization, in particular a rotary atomization, comprising the steps of generating an electrostatic field for electrostatically charging the spray jet about an axis of symmetry, preferably about one of the aforementioned axes of symmetry, and electrically affecting a discharge current component of the discharge current, which may preferably extend in the direction of the axis of symmetry, by means of a dielectric material.
  • the operating method may comprise performing an external charging of a coating agent in the inner / detail coating and preferably the outer coating.
  • an inner / detail coating can be carried out without potential separation.
  • an inner / detail coating and an outer coating with preferably low-resistance paints (for example solvent-based paints) and / or water-based paints may advantageously be carried out with the same atomizer and / or the same external charging system. Further, with the same atomizer and / or the same external charging system, external charging of the coating agent in the inner / detail coating and the outer coating can be advantageously performed.
  • an inner coating can be carried out and then an outer coating (or vice versa).
  • the operating method also comprises an external charging of a water-based paint or a solvent-based paint in the interior painting and / or the detail painting.
  • the discharge current component opposite the discharge current component of the discharge current is less or not affected, in particular less or not damped.
  • the electrostatic field is generated by one or more electrodes arranged around the axis of symmetry.
  • the method of operation may be performed with a paint spacing between the leading edge of the sprayer (eg, the leading edge of the sprayer or the leading edge of the spray air ring atomizer) and the component to be coated that is greater than or equal to about 5mm, 10mm, 50mm, 100mm, 150mm, or 200mm is; and / or less than about 7.5mm, 25mm, 75mm, 125mm, 175mm or 225mm.
  • a paint spacing between the leading edge of the sprayer eg, the leading edge of the sprayer or the leading edge of the spray air ring atomizer
  • the component to be coated that is greater than or equal to about 5mm, 10mm, 50mm, 100mm, 150mm, or 200mm is; and / or less than about 7.5mm, 25mm, 75mm, 125mm, 175mm or 225mm.
  • the invention further relates to a method for producing the above-described electrode assembly comprising the steps of forming an electrode support means for electrode support about an axis of symmetry and forming a dielectric material for influencing a discharge current component of the discharge current extending in the direction of the axis of symmetry.
  • the invention relates to a method for producing a sprayer housing as described above for mounting an electrode holder for an electrostatic atomizer, in particular for a rotary atomizer, as described above, with the step of forming the atomizer housing element with the second diameter around an electrode support region for holding the Set electrode assembly by a difference in diameter between the first diameter and the second diameter.
  • the invention relates to a method for producing a sprayer housing as described above comprising the steps of forming the casing element which is used to hold or cover a bearing device, For example, a turbine and / or a turbine shaft, for a spray-off element, in particular for a bell cup, and / or for holding a shaping air ring suitable or provided, with the first diameter, and the formation of the Zerstäubergephaseuseides.
  • the invention further relates to a method for manufacturing an electrostatic atomizer as described above comprising the steps of forming the atomizer housing, forming the electrode assembly, and assembling the atomizer housing and the electrode assembly to obtain the electrostatic atomizer.
  • the step of merging may include, for example, the step of connecting, for example by means of a threaded engagement.
  • the method comprises the step of forming the insulating sleeve, in particular for hand-axis-side insulation or influencing a hand-axis-side discharge current component.
  • the invention further relates to a method for producing an insulating sleeve as described above, wherein the connecting portion is formed with a thread for creating a discharge gap.
  • the invention relates to a use preferably of the above-described electrostatic atomizer for the interior / detail coating, in particular the interior / detail painting of vehicle bodies (eg door entrances, windows, etc.) or preferably made of plastic small parts or attachments or bumpers or Bumpers, in particular bumper elements or bumpers or bumpers.
  • the invention relates to a use of an electrostatic rotary atomizer (preferably as described above) and / or an electrode assembly (preferably as described above) for externally charging a coating agent in the inner / detail coating and preferably also in the outer coating.
  • the parts according to the invention are provided for external charging of the coating agent (in the inner / detail coating and / or the outer coating).
  • the parts of the invention e.g., the electrode assembly, the atomizer, the method of operation, etc.
  • the parts of the invention are particularly suitable for exterior coating e.g. Motor vehicle bodies, attachments, etc., but preferably also for interior / detail coating of e.g. Automotive bodies (e.g., door accesses), attachments, hardware, bumpers, bumper members, bumpers, bumpers, etc.
  • a position monitoring of an object to be coated can be achieved by evaluating current (I) and voltage (U).
  • the positioning monitoring includes, for example, the position and / or the orientation or position of an object to be coated.
  • the center line of the atomizer housing, the central axis of the atomizer housing element, the central axis of the housing element, the central axis of the atomizer housing and / or the central axis of the insulating sleeve (s) coincide (coaxially) at least in one another or intersect.
  • the electrode arrangement, the electrode holder device, the atomizer housing element, the housing element, the insulating sleeve and / or the atomizer part having the shaping air ring may have dielectric or insulating material in sections or be coated or encased by dielectric or insulating material.
  • the electrode arrangement, the electrode mounting device, the atomizer housing element, the housing element, the insulating sleeve and / or the Zerstuelserteil having the shaping air ring of dielectric or insulating material preferably be integrally formed and / or substantially consist of dielectric or insulating material.
  • Individual component groups can also be embodied in one piece (integral) or in one piece
  • the atomizer housing element and the at least one insulating sleeve can be embodied in one piece or in one piece the at least one insulating sleeve and the electrode assembly be made in one piece or in one piece.
  • the electrode assembly may be integrally formed with the housing member and / or the atomizer housing member. It is also possible for the housing element and the shaping air ring (or the atomizer part having the shaping air ring) to be made in one piece or in one piece, so that preferably the shaping air ring can be incorporated in the housing element.
  • the dielectric or insulating material is preferably a high-voltage resistant material, in particular of fluoroplastic or fluoroplastic compounds, for example polytetrafluoroethylene.
  • fluoroplastic or fluoroplastic compounds for example polytetrafluoroethylene.
  • the spray element e.g., a bell cup
  • the spray element may also be made of at least partially dielectric material, especially when another counter electrode / ignition electrode is provided to ignite the necessary (corona) discharge.
  • the threads described above are merely preferred embodiments for releasable connections.
  • Other detachable connections eg snap connections, snap-in connections, clamp connections, hook-and-loop fasteners, screw connections, etc.
  • the electrode arrangement, the housing element, the atomiser part having the directing air ring, the atomizer housing element and / or the at least one insulating sleeve in an advantageous manner Assemble, disassemble or replace quickly and easily.
  • the electrode assembly, the housing member, the the Manifold having atomizer part, the atomizer housing element and / or the at least one insulating sleeve detachably or detachably or interchangeably provided.
  • the threads described above are advantageous in that they extend discharge paths or "creepage distances" (from high electrical potential to low or ground potential, respectively).
  • the threads or the discharge paths constitute a labyrinth for the discharge current.
  • the threads advantageously provide a releasable connection.
  • All or some of the insulating or dielectric material formed parts may have rounded edges.
  • connection mechanisms of the respective components e.g. Some or all of the threads described above and below are lubricated with an insulating medium (e.g., insulating grease, preferably Vaseline).
  • an insulating medium e.g., insulating grease, preferably Vaseline.
  • a distance (d1) between an electrode end of the at least one electrode to the spray element, in particular to a Absprühelementkante, or generally to the foremost part of the atomizer in a range between greater than 75mm, 125mm, 175mm , 225mm or 275mm, and / or less than 100mm, 150mm, 200mm, 250mm or 300mm, preferably in the range between 80mm and 250mm.
  • An axial distance (d3) between an electrode end of the at least one electrode to the spray element, in particular to a spray element edge, or generally to the foremost part of the sprayer may preferably be in a range between greater than 60mm, 100mm, 140mm, 180mm or 220mm, and / or smaller than 80mm, 120mm, 160mm, 200mm or 240mm, preferably in the range at about 105mm +/- 25mm.
  • Fig. 1 shows a rotary atomizer with an electrode assembly, which comprises an electrode holder 101 for holding at least one electrode or a plurality of electrodes. Furthermore, dielectric material 103 is provided to influence at least one component of a discharge current which extends in the direction of an axis of symmetry 105. The dielectric material, for example, bulges toward the axis of symmetry 105 and consists for example of polytetrafluoroethylene.
  • a plurality of recesses (electrode accommodating spaces) 107 are formed, which is provided for receiving electrodes 108.
  • the electrodes 108 can each be contacted via resistors 109 in order to ensure a control of the high-voltage control ripple-free excitation of the electrodes for generating an electrostatic field.
  • the electrodes 108 preferably have a length which may correspond to the length of the recess 107, so that the electrodes 108 in the electrode holder 101 completely or up to the outwardly directed tips whose free length may be 1 mm to 5 mm embedded are.
  • the electrode assembly comprises a connection region 111, which is formed, for example, by a thread and is provided for holding the electrode arrangement on a atomizer housing element 113, which can house a valve 114.
  • the atomizer housing member 113 further includes an electrode support portion 115 on which the electrode assembly can be retained.
  • the electrode support portion 115 is defined by a difference in diameter between a first diameter of a housing member 117 of the rotary atomizer and a second diameter of the atomizer housing member 113. The difference in diameter thus defines a circumferential surface whose normal extends parallel to the axis of symmetry 105.
  • the electrode holder region 115 includes, for example, a thread 116 into which the thread of the connection region 111 engages.
  • the housing element 117 is provided, for example, to receive a storage device for a spray-off element (119), in particular for a bell cup, or to cover it in isolation.
  • the storage device may, for example, a in Fig. 1 not shown turbine or a turbine shaft 120 or include.
  • a shaping air ring 121 or a spray element having a shaping air ring is arranged, which is held by the housing element 117 can.
  • the housing element 117 and the shaping air ring 121 may also be in one piece or one piece.
  • the atomizer housing element 113 is disposed in front of the housing element 117 and connected thereto, for example, by means of a threaded connection 123 or a clamping connection or a latching connection or an adhesive connection.
  • identical or differently strong diaphragms 125 which may be concentric or form a labyrinth, may be provided in the connection region 111 in order to ensure the largest possible discharge paths, so-called creepage distances.
  • Fig. 2 shows the electrostatic rotary atomizer Fig. 1 with the electrode assembly comprising the electrode holder 101, in which the recesses 107 are formed.
  • the electrode assembly is supported on the atomizer housing member 113, which may be angled or straight at 60 °, for example.
  • the atomizer housing element 113 is preceded by a dielectric sleeve 201, which covers a hand axis 203. It can be provided a valve arrangement which can be acted upon by means of the supply lines 205, for example with coating agent.
  • the insulating sleeve 201 is connected to the Zerstäubergephinuseelement 113, for example by means of a threaded connection.
  • the insulating sleeve 201 may also be glued to the wall 203.
  • a coating agent for example, a base coat, ie a primer, a base layer BC 1 (BC: Base Coat), an effect layer BC 2 and a clearcoat CC (CC: Clear Coat) may be provided.
  • BC Base Coat
  • CC Clear Coat
  • the in the FIGS. 1 and 2 shown atomizer comprises a sprayer housing, which is particularly suitable for interior painting due to the angled for example by 60 ° atomizer housing element 113.
  • the atomizer housing element 113 can have, for example, an integrated charging ring, which is provided for electrode contacting or electrode application.
  • the electrodes may be placed or screwed together with the electrode assembly in the form of an electrode ring.
  • the charging ring may also be formed by the electrode arrangement.
  • the atomizer housing element 113 with the charging ring may be formed of an insulating and high-voltage resistant material, preferably of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), since the PTFE or other fluoroplastics for the exterior skin paint or the accessory coating provide sufficient insulating properties to achieve good coating results.
  • PTFE polytetrafluoroethylene
  • Fig. 3 are views of an example, angled 60 ° atomizer housing element 301 shown.
  • the atomizing element 301 comprises, for example, an element 303 with channels 305 for supplying supply lines of a paint supply valve block to the atomizer.
  • a conductive distributor ring is guided in a charging ring 307, which may preferably be made of metal or of a conductive PTFE or of another conductive fluoroplastic.
  • a high-voltage cable can be guided to the charging ring 307 in order to ensure sufficient electrode contacting with a high-voltage generator. Both high-voltage, low-voltage (standard) and high-impedance high-voltage cables can be used at high frequencies.
  • the distributor ring 307 may be used, for example, or sintered in the atomizer housing section 301.
  • the guidance through the atomizer housing element 301 takes place, for example, oddly, whereby the necessary feedthroughs for the optical fiber cables or for the high voltage cables can be made hidden, for example, by means of a sintering process in PTFE.
  • a sintering process for example, a generative production process can also be used in the production of the 60 ° atomizer housing element 301.
  • the atomizer housing element 301 may be formed, for example, by an insulating sleeve which may also be angled at 60 ° or of another shape and may be made of PTFE or other fluoroplastics or fluoroplastic compounds to effect a high voltage shield. Alternatively, ceramic materials and / or other plastics, for example vaseline filling or transformer oil filling, can be used. In addition, an insulating sleeve can be attached to the atomizer housing element 301, for example, on the hand axis side or screwed on or represent an integral or one-piece unit with the atomizer housing element.
  • the atomizer housing element 301 may, for example, have a hand-axis-side thread 309, which is intended for connection to the insulating sleeve.
  • the insulating sleeve can also be slipped or welded on one or both sides over the inner components of the atomizer.
  • the Zerstäubergepurelement 301 may have a straight shape or angled at 90 °.
  • the atomizer housing element 301 can have a thread 311 on the atomizer side, which can be connected to a housing element of the atomizer, for example the one shown in FIG Fig. 1 shown housing member 117 is provided.
  • the thread 311 may be an M110x2 thread with a thread length of at least 9 mm, preferably 20 mm.
  • a further thread 313 is provided with a larger diameter to an electrode assembly, such as in Fig. 1 and which may be shaped in the shape of an electrode ring.
  • the further thread 313 may be, for example, a M165x2 thread with a thread length of 12 mm.
  • the threads 309, 311 or 313 may, for example, be conical and self-locking in order to ensure the largest possible discharge paths, so-called creepage distances, for example, from a higher electrical potential to a ground potential. In this configuration, these creepage distances provide a labyrinth for the discharge current so that inward isolation can be advantageously effected. Apertures 315 can also be provided for this purpose, which effect a further extension of the discharge path.
  • the diaphragms 315 may be of different thicknesses, preferably the inwardly directed diaphragms should be stronger than the outer ones in order to effect a sufficient insulation inwards.
  • the high-voltage cable can also be firmly integrated directly in the atomizer housing element 301 and embedded in, for example, an insulating medium, preferably vaseline, and molded outside in the area of a robot arm or in a connection flange area of the atomizer with a high-voltage supply cable which is connected to a high-voltage generator, for example via a coupling element plugged or screwed, be connected.
  • the high-voltage cable can also be laid on the opposite side in the atomizer housing element 301 and a corresponding channel or channels of insulating material, preferably PTFE, for guiding and fixing the high-voltage cable can be provided.
  • Fig. 4 shows views of an insulating sleeve 401 for hand-axis isolation of an electrostatic atomizer.
  • Insulating sleeve 401 is preferably cylindrically shaped for reasons of insulation against discharges that lead from the electrode tips to the grounded hand axis of a robot (s) and is made, for example, of PTFE.
  • the insulating sleeve 401 for example, by means of a thread 403 on the example in Fig. 3 be screwed illustrated atomizer housing element 301.
  • a plurality of cylindrical sleeves may be provided.
  • the insulating sleeve 401 has, for example, a thickness in the range of 15 +/- 10 mm and a length of for example 150 mm.
  • the insulating sleeve preferably causes insulation, which is a prerequisite for this is to obtain a larger charge of Absprühstrahls and preferred to create no or weak parasitic discharges, for example, to the hand axis.
  • An insulation distance of at least 150 mm which corresponds for example to the length of the insulating sleeve, can also be represented by the fact that the earthed hand axis of the rotary atomizer assumes insulating properties.
  • the TCP Tool Center Point TCP
  • one or more further cylindrical insulating sleeves can be screwed or otherwise attached to the already existing insulating sleeve for lengthening the insulation gap, by concealing portions of the grounded axis of the hand ("expansion insulating sleeve").
  • the thread 403 is for example a M125x2 thread with a thread length of 12 mm.
  • the thread 403 may preferably be lubricated with an insulating medium, for example insulating grease, in particular vaseline, in order to effectively avoid undesirable creepage distances for possible discharge currents in combination with the thread 403, which constitutes an insulation labyrinth.
  • the insulating sleeve 401 may have a surface which may be both smooth and wavy to provide additional creepage distances common in standard insulators in high voltage engineering. The larger the surface of the insulating sleeve 401, the larger the creepage distances for a discharge current from high-voltage electrode tips to grounded hand axis, ie to the rear. By increasing the surface of the insulating sleeve, an undesirable discharge current can be reduced, because a greater resistance to the current is realized by the longer creepage distances.
  • the insulation of all grounded components by a surface coating by means of a plastic that is conductive or non-conductive be made with an insulating plastic.
  • a surface treatment it is preferable to ensure that there are no or only a few conductive particles on the surface in order to avoid a reduction in the insulation effect.
  • the use of antistatics for a homogeneous, planar electrical behavior is also possible here.
  • Another possibility, preferably to bring the charged spray or paint mist on the body to be coated or the workpiece to be coated or object is characterized by the insulating parts of the atomizer partially or completely by e.g. To bring conductive or partially conductive materials to the same negative potential that corresponds to the high voltage supply or the electrode potential. Preferably, however, the entire insulation is accomplished by PTFE.
  • Fig. 5 shows various views of an electrode assembly with an electrode support device 501, which the in Fig. 1 represented electrode holding device 101 which is executed in the form of a ring or electrode ring having a diameter of 65 to 300 mm and by means of a thread 503 with a Zerstäubergephinuseelement, as for example in Fig. 1 is shown, can be connected.
  • the electrode arrangement comprises, for example, a plurality of electrodes 505, for example 3 to 60 electrodes with electrode tips whose diameter is 1.5 ⁇ 1.2 mm and which are made, for example, of stainless steel or other metals or conductive, carbon-based materials such as diamond layers or carbon nanostructures or their compounds which have a high field emission can be formed.
  • the electrode tips 505 are insertable or inserted with the respective resistor 507, for example equidistant, into an electrode support device 509, which may be formed of a dielectric material, wherein the total diameter of the electrode ring is preferably about 220 mm.
  • the electrode tips of the electrodes 505 may, for example, be arranged at an angle ⁇ between 0 ° and 180 ° with respect to an axial color tube direction 511.
  • the electrodes may have an angle of 25 ° to 90 ° in the tangential direction.
  • axial angles of 55 ° and tangential angles of 90 ° are desired.
  • the electrodes 505 may be used, for example, in the electrode mounting device 509, which may be the electrode mounting device 501 or the in Fig. 1 represented electrode holder means 101 may be embedded, except for electrode tips, which are free-standing and can be 1 mm to 5 mm. However, the electrodes 505 may be buried or housed in the electrode support device 509 or covered by an insulating plastic part.
  • the electrode ends 505 are preferably arranged such that, for example in a Aufladering each on the Resistors 507, which are equipped, for example, with a pressure point 513.
  • each tip of the respective electrode 505 encounters a resistor 507, wherein it is conceivable that two or more electrode tips encounter a resistance 507 in order to realize an effective corona charging of the lacquer at lower voltages.
  • a maximum number of 12 electrodes or electrode tips per resistor can be provided, which makes a total of at most 720 electrode tips possible.
  • the resistors 507 may have, for example, resistance values R of 30 to 400 M ⁇ , whereby resistance values of 100 M ⁇ at 5% tolerance may preferably be used.
  • the size of the resistors is (L x D) 30 to 100 mm x 6 - 12 mm, preferably 30 to 60 mm x 8 mm. Likewise, a series connection of two or more resistors is conceivable.
  • the opposite side of the respective resistor 507 can also be provided with a pressure point 515, which can cooperate with the conductive, already described, preferably metallic high voltage distribution ring.
  • resistances 507 may cause relatively high voltages to drop, which may result in spark discharge by air along a resistive surface, it is preferable to ensure that a space 517 is filled by an insulating medium and has a dielectric strength in this sealed region at least 1.3 kV / mm is permanently ensured.
  • the resistors 507 may be embedded in a cylindrical resistance receptacle 519 in insulating medium, for example in insulating grease, preferably in Vaseline, and sealed with a plastic cap 512.
  • insulating material can also be an insulating potting compound or a solid or liquid adhesive or a direct embedding of the resistor 507 in PTFE be possible.
  • resistor 507 instead of a resistor 507, it is also possible to realize a resistance element made of partially conductive plastic or a semiconductor, which permanently supplies the same resistance value as a commercially available thick-film resistor 507.
  • Fig. 6 shows various views of a resistor 507 with the cap 512, wherein a sealing ring 601 may be provided.
  • a sealing ring 601 may be provided in order to prevent the outflow of liquid insulating medium (eg insulating grease).
  • a further sealing ring on the opposite side of the resistor, for example, integrated in the insulating cap 512 may be provided.
  • the insulating medium e.g. Insulating grease, such as Vaseline
  • this can be heated to over 100 ° C and liquefied.
  • the insulating grease is filled slowly and evenly into the space 517 with the placed resistor 507.
  • the insulating medium is in solid or liquid form.
  • the insulating medium becomes liquid and thus has a self-healing effect in that it distributes itself ideally. The leakage of the insulating medium can be prevented by the insulating cap 512.
  • the electrode holder 509 can by means of a thread, lubricated with an insulating medium, for example insulating grease, preferably with petroleum jelly, to the example in Fig. 1 shown atomizer housing member 113 screwed become.
  • the thread can be, for example, a M165x2 thread with a thread length of 12 mm.
  • one or more apertures 521 may be provided as another labyrinth according to the thickness of the electrode support means 501, ie, the electrode support ring, to ensure sufficient isolation inwardly.
  • Fig. 7 shows an electrode assembly with an electrode support means 701, which may correspond to the electrode support means 509 or 501 or 101, in which an electrode 703 is arranged.
  • the electrode 703 contacts a resistor 707 by means of a pressure point 705.
  • the electrode 703 may be formed differently.
  • the electrode may have a free-standing end with a length of 1 mm to 5 mm, wherein the electrode is nevertheless largely embedded in the dielectric material of the electrode holder 701.
  • the electrode is recessed or enclosed and preferably completely surrounded by the dielectric material of the electrode holder 701.
  • the electrode may be covered by a dielectric material 715 forming an insulating plastic part.
  • the dielectric material 715 may be formed and provided in the shape of a protrusion or bead (eg, forward and / or outward), a discharge current component extending in the direction of an axis of symmetry 717 or rearward (eg, hand axis side) Direction hand axis or in the relative to a Absprühelement opposite direction) extends to influence, for example, to attenuate.
  • a discharge current component is specifically influenced, in particular attenuated, to the rear and / or to the outside and / or to the front and / or to the inside.
  • the dielectric material may also be such as indicated by the dashed lines in FIG FIG. 7 be provided indicated.
  • Fig. 8 shows a rotary atomizer with the elements of the atomizer from the FIGS. 1 and 2 which has, for example, telescopic electrodes 801.
  • the electrodes 801 may be provided as screwable electrode fingers consisting of an electrode tip with one or more resistors.
  • cylindrical insulating plastic sleeves can be provided in different lengths.
  • the electrode fingers may each consist of different sized elements, which are held together, for example with springs. By means of compressed air, these elements can each be pushed apart to achieve different electrode lengths.
  • other methods can be used which, for example, a rope or a liquid in a cylinder, which is filled with, for example, detergent, or a solvent or a transformer oil.
  • distance d 1 between an electrode end and the spray element 119 or its edge d 1 80 - 250 mm, preferably 140 mm.
  • the electrode fingers can be extended and retracted accordingly for interior or detail painting.
  • electrode fingers of different lengths and non-adjustable in length may be provided with electrode fingers of different lengths and non-adjustable in length, for example to select the electrode length that is suitable for the respective application, for example as modular as possible.
  • Fig. 9a can be provided, for example, different lengths but not adjustable in length electrode fingers 901, wherein by an exchange of the electrode assembly or the e-lektrodenrings and the bell ring or Lenkluftringsystems all possible external charging applications, in particular the painting at Aushneraten with more than 1000 ml / min with appropriate application systems are possible.
  • the electrode fingers 901 may also differ in their length, so that asymmetrical distances are possible, which are selected depending on a Lackierraum or air flow direction so that a uniform, adapted spray pattern is formed.
  • a spray-off element 903 for example a bell cup, can be used freestanding.
  • a combination of in the FIGS. 8 and 9a . 9b Illustrated embodiments possible, so that, inter alia, a possibility is provided to adjust an electrode length and thus the electric field immediately in a process and to respond to any changes in cabin conditions or a Lackierraum.
  • FIG. 9b is largely identical to FIG. 9a However, in particular shows a further insulating sleeve 210, which can be attached to the insulating sleeve 201, for example by means of a thread 212.
  • the further insulating sleeve 210 may be provided to cover a receiving device for a fastening means for mounting or dismounting an atomizer and / or a robot hand axis insulating.
  • the atomizer housing element 113 and / or the insulating sleeve 201 could be made correspondingly long in order to cover the receiving device for the fastening means for mounting or dismounting the atomizer and / or the robot hand axis in an insulating manner.
  • a one-piece, two-piece or three-piece design is possible to fulfill previous function can.
  • Fig. 10a shows an electrostatic atomizer in which the in Fig. 10a drawn dimensions d 1 , d 2 , d 3 and l 1 as described below can be selected such that an advantageous insulation against unwanted discharge currents is made possible and this electrostatic atomizer can be universally used for interior / detail and exterior skin painting.
  • the electrostatic atomizer may for example be a high-rotation atomizer, wherein a distance of the electrodes to a bell cup (front) edge d 1 between 80 and 250 mm air gap, preferably 140 mm, may amount.
  • bell cup variants can be used.
  • a bell cup (GT) to be used can be free-standing, ie there is a free air gap between the electrodes and almost the entire GT.
  • the bell plate can also be half of an insulating or partially insulating shaping air ring be covered. Likewise, full coverage or any partial coverage is possible.
  • the bell cup should be so well from an insulating shaping ring, which is preferably made of PEEK or PTFE with an admixture of MOS2 (MOS2 (MoS 2 ): molybdenum disulfide), so that no destructive discharges between a PTFE housing element, such as tube, and shaping air ring arise , be covered, that not too much current flows from the electrodes on the bell plate, but the bell cup is not so much covered that the necessary corona discharge can not ignite.
  • the bell cup with its edge is an important factor that enables ignition of a corona discharge.
  • the bell cup or at least its edge may be conductive, preferably metallic, for example, titanium.
  • AMG maximum application efficiency
  • the bell-shaped door edge is a "corona ignition electrode".
  • All or partially grounded components of the atomizer can also be connected to the grounding system via an electrical resistance ⁇ 1 MOhm.
  • an air heater can be used eg in the control air (engine air) or the bearing clearance of the storage device are used, in addition to its intended function to minimize the cooling of the expanding engine air by preheating, the condensation of ambient or engine air, which may cause one or more unwanted discharge paths in the bell cup or the shaping air ring prevented.
  • the convex shape is advantageous because it presents a less critical counterpotential to the back electrodes compared to an oblique outer shell shape due to a lower field line concentration on the part-round convex surface.
  • a wall thickness of a shaping air ring of at least 5 mm is preferred.
  • the shaping air ring 121 together with the housing element 117 or tube can be understood as "storage unit insulation”.
  • the combination of the electrode ring or the electrode assembly 101 with the 60 ° atomizer housing element 113 may be referred to as a "charging device”.
  • a combination of the Zerstäubergepurettiions 113 and the insulating sleeve 201 is possible.
  • Electrode ring or the electrode assembly 101 with the preferably 60 ° Zerstäubergepurelement 113 and the insulating sleeve 201 in an advantageous manner as "charging sleeve" to manufacture or designate.
  • all components in particular can be connected to each other modular and considered as a "Außenaufladungszerstäuber”.
  • All surfaces of the atomizer housing and / or the insulating sleeve can (on the side) provided with a skeleton, structured or wavy designed to increase the creepage distances for possible discharge currents (significantly).
  • a skeleton, structured or wavy designed to increase the creepage distances for possible discharge currents (significantly).
  • 3 to 50 ribs with a respective height between 1 mm and 20 mm can be used.
  • the charging device i. the charging and electrode ring
  • the charging device can be equipped with 3 to 60 short or long electrodes or fingers.
  • a special combination of a shaping air ring and bell plate is provided, with an external charging with a flexible spray is possible, so that in an interior / detail painting a small spray between 50 - 280 mm and in a exterior paint a large spray with 150 - 550 mm can be used.
  • the entire system can be operated by slight modifications with air atomizing systems.
  • the shaping air ring or the nebulizer part having the shaping air ring can be produced from insulating material due to insulation measures.
  • discharge currents of the directing air ring can also be made partly insulating and partly conductive.
  • the bell cup can be made insulating or partially insulating, if another counter electrode / ignition electrode is used to ignite the necessary corona discharge, such as a conductive or partially conductive shaping air ring.
  • a smaller painting distance is possible, which may preferably be 150 mm.
  • the smallest possible distance in air of the electrodes to an object or a vehicle body can be up to 10 mm.
  • the painting distance can be reduced to up to 10 mm, preferably 150 mm, by using the universal bell-plate steering air system in comparison to the standard system. At 150 mm coating distance, no more contamination is observed compared to the standard system at 200 - 300 mm.
  • the operating mode 1) is preferably used in direct charging, for example for the application of solvent-based paints.
  • the voltage is set to a constant value between -40 to -85 kV.
  • the modes 2) and 3) are preferably used in an external charging, for example, for the application of water-based paints.
  • the operating mode 3) may preferably be used for the compact external charging described above.
  • the voltage is controlled, depending on the ambient conditions, for example, depending on a counter-potential, surrounding the electrode tips.
  • the voltage is regulated at a high reaction speed without causing flashovers.
  • it is possible to respond ideally to motion changes, e.g. Close passage on grounded object parts. This is not possible in a direct charging (voltage constant operation 1) in this way.
  • the operating mode 3 can be used to limit or switch off the voltage to a lower value if a grounded goods carrier, for example a metal rack behind the edge regions of the bumper, leads to overcoating. In areas where the grounded goods carrier does not work or works less, the voltage limitation can be adjusted to higher values.
  • a grounded goods carrier for example a metal rack behind the edge regions of the bumper
  • a basecoat job (without high voltage), a certain voltage (operating mode 1) or a certain current (operating mode 2 or 3) can be specified.
  • a constant current I between 200 ⁇ A to 500 ⁇ A, preferably 400 ⁇ A
  • a voltage U limited to a maximum of -85 to -100 kV, preferably -90 kV.
  • a total current of 400 ⁇ A is distributed as follows: 60 to 250 ⁇ A flow to the object or to the body, 340 to 150 ⁇ A flow to the grounded bell cup or atomizer.
  • a constant current I between 200 ⁇ A to 500 ⁇ A, preferably 400 ⁇ A, and a voltage U of a maximum of -80 to -100 kV limited, preferably -85 kV, can be set.
  • a total current of 400 ⁇ A is distributed as follows: 40 to 200 ⁇ A flow through the paint mist to the object / body, 360 to 200 ⁇ A flow to grounded bell cup or atomizer.
  • Fig. 10b shows a side view and Fig. 10c a perspective view of an atomizer according to a further embodiment and in particular a modified housing member 117 and a modified electrode assembly or electrode support means 101. Further show the FIGS. 10b . 10c a Zerstäubergepuruseelement 113, to which an insulating sleeve 201 is releasably attached. Furthermore, a further insulating sleeve 210 can be seen, which is detachably connected to the insulating sleeve 201.
  • the further insulating sleeve 210 is provided to cover a robot hand axis and / or a receiving device for a fastening means for mounting or dismounting a nebulizer insulating. Also from the FIGS. 10b . 10c It can be seen that it is possible to form the atomizer housing element 113 and / or the insulating sleeve 201 correspondingly long in order to meet the above purpose.
  • a Zerstäubergeperelement one piece
  • a Zerstäubergepuseelement with a releasably attachable insulating sleeve two pieces
  • a Zerstäubergepuseelement with a releasably attachable insulating to which a further insulating sleeve is releasably attachable (three pieces)
  • a further insulating sleeve is releasably attachable
  • the electrode arrangement or the electrode mounting device 101 is substantially annularly formed about an axis of symmetry 105 and arranged substantially coaxially to the axis of symmetry 105.
  • the electrode assembly comprises a substantially annular portion and the electrode support means 101 (a widening portion) obliquely to the (radially) outside and to (axially) front (or in the direction spray member / bell cup 119 or to the side of Absprühelements / bell cup 119), in particular substantially conically widening and / or protruding.
  • the electrodes or receiving chambers 107 are housed in the expanding electrode holder 101 and thus also extend obliquely outward and forward.
  • the substantially annular portion includes a thread that is connected to a thread of the Zerstäubergephaseuseelements 113.
  • the annular portion and the thread of the electrode assembly are in the FIGS. 10b . 10c not seen because they are covered by the Zerstäubergephaseuseelement 113.
  • a directing air ring 121 is seen, which is incorporated in the housing member 117.
  • the housing member 117 is the atomizing air ring 121 having the atomizer.
  • Fig. 10d shows a nebulizer, which is identical to the nebulizer with the exception of the electrode assembly according to the FIGS. 10b . 10c ,
  • the in the FIGS. 10b . 10c The expanding electrode holding device 101 shown is provided as a single widening portion, whereas those in FIG Fig. 10d shown electrode holder 101 has a plurality of interruptions and thus comprises a plurality of sections or consists of several sections, each of which project outwardly and / or forward, circumferentially evenly spaced from each other. Every single one Section of the expanding electrode holding device 101 of Fig. 10d includes an electrode or an electrode receiving space 107 and tapers towards its free end.
  • the electrodes in the atomizer according to FIG. 10d are preferably identical to the electrodes of the atomizer according to FIGS. 10b and 10c arranged.
  • Fig. 11 shows various views of a housing element 1101, which the in Fig. 1 illustrated housing element 117 corresponds.
  • the housing member includes a thread 1103 for bolting to a nebulizer housing member, such as the nebulizer housing member 113 Fig. 1 .
  • the thread may for example be a M110x2 thread with a thread length of at least 9 mm, preferably 20 mm.
  • This thread can for example be lubricated with an insulating medium, for example 1-solierfett, preferably Vaseline, and forms with the thread 1103 a labyrinth for possible discharge paths.
  • another thread 1105 for screwing with a shaping air ring for example, the shaping air ring 121 from Fig. 1 , intended.
  • the thread can be a M65x2 thread with a thread length of at least 9 mm.
  • the housing element 1101 is formed, for example, as a tube and has a surface 1107, which may be smooth or wavy, in order to achieve the insulating effect described above. The larger the surface 1107, the greater the creepage distances for a discharge current of high-voltage electrode tips to the grounded Absprühelement 119, for example, a bell cup, or a turbine forward.
  • the housing element may be formed, for example, from an insulating material, preferably made of PTFE, and be provided to cover, for example, the grounded bearing unit below it in an insulating manner.
  • a foamed material for example a lattice-like crosslinking, or multi-layer layers can be used, wherein the insulation preferably corresponds to that of a solid material.
  • the housing member may have a thickness between 1 mm and 15 mm at a length of, for example, 140 mm or in the range of 85 mm to 185 mm.
  • On the housing element 1101 may further be an insulating Kunststoffk Kunststoffring from eg a mixture of PTFE and MoS 2 be integrated, which can be screwed or fixedly connected, for example, welded, glued or sintered.
  • FIG. 10a explained preferred dimensions, dimensions, distances, ratios, etc. also for in the FIGS. 10b . 10c and 10d embodiments shown apply.
  • FIGS. 12a to 12g For example, exemplary field curves illustrating the desired current flow from the electrode tips (high voltage) to grounded elements such as a bell cup or a manual axis or the like are shown using the example of a rotary atomizer 1201. In this case, the current flow through the respective object can be increased by the shielding measures.
  • the backward discharge currents 1203 are stronger than the discharge currents 1207 directed to a bell cup 1205.
  • Fig. 12b can be caused by an insulating 1209 that the rear discharge currents 1211 attenuated against the forward to the bell cup 1201st directed discharge currents are 1203.
  • the insulation inwardly and rearwardly may be realized by a material selection, by a material thickness, by a length of the insulating sleeve 1209, by a thread that may be provided with insulating medium such as Vaseline, or by other manufacturing methods.
  • a change in the field line concentration or discharge currents 1215 forward to an edge of the bell cup 1217 may be effected by a cover thereof.
  • a change of a field line concentration or discharge currents 1219 towards the bell cup can be effected by different angles of electrodes 1221 or by covered electrodes 1221.
  • a field line concentration 1223 can be brought about by a modular construction of an electrode 1224 for different applications, for example for the outer skin or for the inner coating.
  • a concentration of the rear discharge streams 1225 and the discharge streams 1227 directed to the bell cup can be effected by means of an atomizer housing element 1229 angled at 60 °, for example, which can be insulated, in particular for interior painting.
  • An insulating sleeve 1230 connected to the atomizer housing element 1229 effects an influence on a discharge current component 1231 extending in the direction of the atomiser's hand axis.
  • Fig. 12g is an exemplary extension of a leakage current path 1233, which has a propagation path for a Defines discharge current component, illustrated by a sleeve 1235 or its thread.
  • the outer charging concept described above enables a compact and modular construction of rotary atomizers and is therefore particularly suitable for internal body painting, for accessory painting, for exterior skin painting and / or for interior painting. Furthermore, this makes it possible to produce rotary atomizers, which can be cleaned in a compact atomizer cleaning device.
  • the abovementioned atomizer is used particularly advantageously, as is the case with car-coater paint for both interior and exterior skin painting.
  • the use of e.g. an extremely low-resistance solvent-based clearcoat even beneficial.
  • the already applied filler and basecoat layers or the substrate in general can be electrically insulated, so that the use of a highly conductive solvent-based clearcoat again ensures a connection to the earth and thus a good application efficiency.
  • the invention also includes the recognition that by evaluating current (I) and / or voltage (U), a positioning monitoring / detection / determination of an object to be painted and / or the atomizer, in particular the electrode arrangement, can be achieved.
  • a positioning monitoring / detection / determination of an object to be painted and / or the atomizer, in particular the electrode arrangement can be achieved.
  • the relative position between the atomizer and the object to be painted can be monitored, detected and / or determined.
  • the voltage is regulated down at a predetermined current in operating mode 2 or 3 (I-constant., U). This behavior can be exploited to determine the distance between the electrode ring and grounded object and conclusions to draw on the position of the object to be painted against the atomizer.
  • the position of a door or bonnet to be painted, etc. can be determined or at least the information: object positioned yes or no.
  • One possible embodiment provides for the values of actual current I and actual voltage U to be recorded or recorded.
  • the evaluation can be done differentially dI / dt or dU / dt to changing environmental conditions (temperature, humidity, etc.) or the Zerstäuberverschmutzung or already painted layers on the Lackierêt, which have an influence on the current or voltage values to calculate.
  • Embodiment 2 Since the voltage does not depend linearly on the distance and, in addition, the geometry of the object and the position of the electrode ring with respect to the object are included, a theoretical approximation curve with parameters can be stored. These parameters can then be adapted individually for the respective object by software. For each modified object to be painted (for example door, bonnet, etc.), another approximate curve with corresponding parameters can be stored or recreated once. The adaptation of the theoretical approximation curve to reality occurs e.g. once by the measurement of U and I at different defined distances x from the object to be painted (see embodiment 1).
  • Embodiments 1 and 2 can be combined for redundant position monitoring, but each can also be used individually.
  • the determination of the position of an object to be painted can take place via a defined movement of the atomizer (electrode ring) in the direction of the object (eg door or hood, etc.).
  • the comparison with the master positions x makes it possible to determine whether the object to be painted is correctly positioned within a tolerance range or not.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Robotics (AREA)
  • Electrostatic Spraying Apparatus (AREA)
  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)

Claims (50)

  1. Dispositif à électrodes pour un pulvérisateur électrostatique, plus particulièrement pour un pulvérisateur rotatif et pour la charge externe d'un produit de revêtement, avec :
    a) un dispositif de support d'électrodes (101) pour le support d'au moins d'une électrode (108) générant un champ électrostatique, et
    b) une zone liaison (111) pour le support du dispositif de support d'électrode (101) sur un élément de boîtier de pulvérisateur (113) du pulvérisateur,
    caractérisé en ce que
    c) la zone de liaison (111) comprend un labyrinthe pour un courant de charge, ce qui provoque un allongement du trajet du courant de décharge, la zone de liaison (111) comprenant un filetage ou la formation du labyrinthe.
  2. Dispositif à électrodes selon la revendication 1, le filetage de la zone de liaison (111) étant constituée d'un matériau isolant électriquement.
  3. Dispositif à électrodes selon la revendication 1 ou 2,
    a) la zone de liaison (111) comprenant au moins un diaphragme (125) pour la formation du labyrinthe et
    b) le diaphragme (125) étant disposé de manière concentrique.
  4. Dispositif à électrodes selon l'une des revendications précédentes, un matériau diélectrique (103, 175) étant prévu pour la commande d'une composante d'un courant de décharge s'étendant en direction d'un axe de symétrie (105) et le dispositif de support d'électrode (101) étant conçu pour le support de l'au moins une électrode (108) autour de l'axe de symétrie (105).
  5. Dispositif à électrodes selon l'une des revendications précédentes, avec au moins une électrode (108), qui peut être couplée avec le dispositif de support d'électrode (101) pour la production du champ électrostatique, l'au moins une électrode (108) pouvant être positionnée au moins partiellement dans le dispositif de support d'électrode (101).
  6. Dispositif à électrodes selon l'une des revendications précédentes, au moins une résistance étant prévue, de préférence pour empêcher des surtensions, dans le dispositif de support d'électrode (101) ou dans un matériau isolant du dispositif de support d'électrode (101) ou dans le matériau diélectrique.
  7. Dispositif à électrodes selon l'une des revendications précédentes, avec au moins une électrode (108) qui peut être couplée avec le dispositif de support d'électrode (101) pour la production du champ électrostatique, un angle entre l'électrode (108) et l'axe de symétrie (105) étant supérieur à 0° et inférieur à 180°.
  8. Dispositif à électrodes selon l'une des revendications précédentes, un matériau diélectrique (103, 715) dépassant sous la forme d'un collet et l'au moins une électrode (108) étant entourée au moins partiellement par le matériau diélectrique (103, 715).
  9. Dispositif à électrodes selon l'une des revendications précédentes, le matériau diélectrique (103, 715) étant conçu pour influence ou non une composante supplémentaire du courant de décharge opposée à la composante du courant de décharge moins que la composante du courant de décharge.
  10. Dispositif à électrodes selon l'une des revendications précédentes, le dispositif de support d'électrode (101) présentant plus particulièrement une forme annulaire autour d'un axe de symétrie (105) et une pluralité d'électrodes (108) étant disposées plus particulièrement de manière annulaire autour de l'axe de symétrie (105) et pouvant être couplée avec le dispositif de support d'électrode (101).
  11. Dispositif à électrodes selon l'une des revendication précédentes, avec :
    une pluralité d'électrodes (108), qui sont disposées autour de l'axe de symétrie (105) et couplées avec le dispositif de support d'électrode (101), les extrémités de la pluralité d'électrodes (108), opposées au dispositif de support d'électrode (101), étant disposées le long d'une piste circulaire ; et
    un rapport entre un rayon de la piste circulaire et un rayon d'une section transversale d'un élément de pulvérisation (119), plus particulièrement d'un plateau à cloche (119), du pulvérisateur électrostatique ou un rayon d'une section transversale du dispositif de support d'électrode (101) étant prédéterminé, plus particulièrement à l'intérieur d'une plage de tolérance égale à n, ou à l'intérieur d'une plage de tolérance, plus particulièrement entre 2 et 4 ou entre 2,5 et 3,5 ou entre 3 et 3,2 ; ou
    un rapport entre un produit de la piste circulaire et d'une distance entre la piste circulaire et un élément de pulvérisation (119), plus particulièrement d'un plateau à cloche, du pulvérisateur électrostatique, et un diamètre au carré du composant dans une plage entre 2n et 4π.
  12. Dispositif à électrodes selon l'une des revendications précédentes, avec au moins une électrode (108) qui peut être couplée avec le dispositif de support d'électrode (101) pour la génération du champ électrostatique, l'au moins une électrode (108) étant entourée d'un matériau diélectrique, plus particulièrement du polytétrafluoroéthylène.
  13. Dispositif à électrodes selon l'une des revendications 1 à 12, le filetage de la zone de liaison (111) étant disposé coaxialement par rapport à un axe de symétrie (105) et/ou avec un produit isolant, de préférence pour empêcher ou réduire un courant de décharge ou une composante du courant de décharge.
  14. Dispositif à électrodes selon l'une des revendications 3 à 13, le diaphragme (125) étant disposé coaxialement par rapport à un axe de symétrie (105).
  15. Dispositif à électrodes selon l'une des revendications précédentes, le dispositif de support d'électrode (101) comprenant un premier connecteur électrique pour la mise en contact d'au moins une électrode (108) et le dispositif à électrodes comprenant un deuxième connecteur ou une bague de charge pour la mise en contact du premier connecteur électrique, le deuxième connecteur électrique étant guidé vers l'extérieur.
  16. Dispositif à électrodes selon l'une des revendications 1 à 15, au moins un élément, sélectionné dans le groupe comprenant le dispositif à électrodes, le dispositif de support d'électrode (101) et le matériau diélectrique (103, 715),
    a) comprenant une portion présentant globalement une forme circulaire et au moins une portion qui s'élargit ;
    b) la portion qui s'élargit s'étendant à partir de la portion présentant globalement une forme circulaire ;
    c) la portion présentant une forme globalement circulaire comprenant le filetage (116) de la zone de liaison (111) ; et
    d) la portion qui s'élargit logeant au moins une électrode (108).
  17. Dispositif à électrodes selon l'une des revendications précédentes, avec une charge externe qui permet aussi bien le revêtement interne que le revêtement externe de pièces.
  18. Élément de boîtier de pulvérisateur (113), plus particulièrement pour le support du dispositif à électrodes selon l'une des revendications précédentes pour un pulvérisateur électrostatique, de préférence pour un pulvérisateur rotatif, le pulvérisateur électrostatique comprenant un boîtier de pulvérisateur avec un élément de boîtier (117) avec un premier diamètre, l'élément de boîtier (117) étant conçu pour le logement ou le recouvrement d'un dispositif de logement pour un élément de pulvérisation (119), plus particulièrement pour un plateau à cloche,
    l'élément de boîtier de pulvérisateur (113) présentant un deuxième diamètre qui est différent du premier diamètre ; et
    une différence de diamètre entre le premier diamètre et le deuxième diamètre définissant une zone de support d'électrode (115) pour le support du dispositif à électrodes,
    caractérisé par
    au moins un labyrinthe pour un courant de décharge, qui provoque un allongement d'un trajet du courant de décharge, au moins un filetage (16) servant à former l'au moins un labyrinthe.
  19. Élément de boîtier de pulvérisateur (113) selon la revendication 18, la zone de support d'électrode (115) comprenant l'au moins un labyrinthe.
  20. Élément de boîtier de pulvérisateur (113) selon l'une des revendications 18 à 19, avec au moins un diaphragme pour la formation de l'au moins un labyrinthe.
  21. Élément de boîtier de pulvérisateur (113) selon l'une des revendications 18 à 20, l'au moins un filetage et/ou l'au moins un diaphragme étant constitué d'un matériau électriquement isolant.
  22. Élément de boîtier de pulvérisateur (113) selon l'une des revendications 18 à 21, la zone de support d'électrode (115) comprenant l'au moins un filetage et/ou l'au moins un diaphragme.
  23. Élément de boîtier de pulvérisateur (113) selon l'une des revendications 18 à 22, au moins un diaphragme étant disposé coaxialement par rapport à un axe central (105) de l'élément de boîtier de pulvérisateur (113).
  24. Élément de boîtier de pulvérisateur (113) selon l'une des revendications 18 à 23,
    a) un premier filetage (313) étant prévu pour la liaison de l'élément de boîtier de pulvérisateur (113) avec le dispositif à électrodes et un deuxième filetage (311) étant prévu pour la liaison de l'élément de boîtier de pulvérisateur (113) avec l'élément de boîtier (117) au niveau d'une première extrémité de l'élément de boîtier de pulvérisateur (113) ; et/ou
    b) un troisième filetage (309) étant prévu pour la liaison de l'élément de boîtier de pulvérisateur (113) avec un manchon isolant au niveau d'une deuxième extrémité de l'élément de boîtier de pulvérisateur (113).
  25. Élément de boîtier de pulvérisateur (113) selon l'une des revendications 18 à 24, le deuxième diamètre étant supérieur au premier diamètre ou le premier diamètre étant supérieur au deuxième diamètre et la différence de diamètre définissant une surface orientée au moins partiellement dans la direction de pulvérisation ou une saillie orientée au moins partiellement dans la direction de pulvérisation, plus particulièrement une surface circulaire ou une saillie circulaire, pour le support du dispositif à électrodes.
  26. Élément de boîtier de pulvérisateur (113) selon l'une des revendications 18 à 25, qui est prévu pour recouvrir de manière isolante un dispositif de logement pour un moyen de fixation et/ou un axe de main de robot.
  27. Élément de boîtier de pulvérisateur (113) selon l'une des revendications 18 à 26, la zone de support d'électrode (115) comprenant au moins un connecteur électrique ou une bague de charge pour la mise en contact électrique d'au moins un connecteur électrique du dispositif à électrodes ou une bague de charge d'électrode.
  28. Élément de boîtier de pulvérisateur (113) selon l'une des revendications 24 à 27, au moins un parmi le premier filetage (313), le deuxième filetage (311) et le troisième filetage (309)
    a) est disposé coaxialement par rapport à l'axe central (105) ; et/ou
    b) est muni d'un produit isolant, de préférence pour empêcher ou réduire un courant de décharge ou d'une composante du courant de décharge.
  29. Boîtier de pulvérisateur pour un pulvérisateur électrostatique, plus particulièrement pour un pulvérisateur rotatif, avec :
    un élément de boîtier (117) avec un premier diamètre pour le logement ou le recouvrement d'un dispositif de palier et/ou d'une turbine d'entraînement pour un élément de pulvérisation (119), plus particulièrement pour un plateau à cloche ;
    caractérisé par
    au moins un labyrinthe pour un courant de décharge, ce qui provoque un allongement d'un trajet du courant de décharge, au moins un filetage (1103) servant à former le labyrinthe, l'élément de boîtier (117) comprenant un premier filetage (1103) au niveau d'une première extrémité et un deuxième filetage (1105) au niveau d'une deuxième extrémité.
  30. Boîtier de pulvérisateur selon la revendication 29, comprenant au moins un diaphragme pour la formation du labyrinthe.
  31. Boîtier de pulvérisateur selon la revendication 29 ou 30, l'au moins un filetage et/ou l'au moins un diaphragme étant constitué d'un matériau électriquement isolant.
  32. Boîtier de pulvérisateur selon l'une des revendications 29 à 31, comprenant l'élément de boîtier de pulvérisateur (113) selon l'une des revendications 18 à 28.
  33. Boîtier de pulvérisateur selon l'une des revendications 29 à 32,
    a) le premier filetage (1103) servant à la liaison avec l'élément de boîtier de pulvérisateur (113) au niveau d'une première extrémité ; et/ou
    b) le deuxième filetage (1105) servant à la liaison avec une partie de pulvérisateur comprenant une bague d'air de guidage au niveau d'une deuxième extrémité ;
    c) et de préférence le premier filetage (1103) et le deuxième filetage (1105) étant disposés coaxialement par rapport à l'axe central (105).
  34. Boîtier de pulvérisateur selon l'une des revendications 29 à 33, au moins un parmi le premier filetage (1103) et le deuxième filetage (1105)
    a) s'étendant autour de l'élément de boîtier (117) ou de l'axe central (105) ; et/ou
    b) étant muni d'un produit isolant, de préférence pour empêcher ou réduire un courant de décharge ou d'une composante du courant de décharge.
  35. Boîtier de pulvérisateur selon l'une des revendications 30 à 34, l'au moins diaphragme s'étendant autour de l'élément de boîtier (117).
  36. Boîtier de pulvérisateur selon l'une des revendications 29 à 35,
    a) avec un ou plusieurs manchons isolants diélectriques (201, 401) pour le recouvrement d'un axe de main du robot, qui est alimenté ou peut être alimenté de préférence avec un potentiel de masse ; et/ou
    b) avec un dispositif à électrodes selon l'une des revendications 1 à 17.
  37. Manchon isolant (201, 401) pour un boîtier de pulvérisateur pour l'isolation du côté de l'axe de la main, de préférence pour l'isolation d'un axe de main de robot, plus particulièrement selon l'une des revendications 29 à 36, le manchon isolant (201, 401) comprenant une zone de liaison (403) pour une liaison amovible avec le boîtier de pulvérisateur et étant constitué d'un matériau sélectionné dans le groupe comprenant un matériau isolant, un matériau diélectrique et le polytétrafluoroéthylène,
    caractérisé par
    au moins un labyrinthe pour un courant de décharge, ce qui provoque un allongement d'un trajet du courant de décharge, au moins un filetage servant à la formation de l'au moins un labyrinthe.
  38. Manchon isolant selon la revendication 37, avec au moins une diaphragme pour la formation de l'au moins un labyrinthe.
  39. Manchon isolant selon la revendication 37 ou 38, le filetage et/ou le diaphragme étant constitué d'un matériau électriquement isolant.
  40. Manchon isolant (201, 401) selon l'une des revendications 37 à 39,
    a) un premier filetage étant prévu pour la liaison avec l'élément de boîtier de pulvérisateur (113) au niveau d'une première extrémité du manchon isolant ; et/ou
    b) un deuxième filetage étant prévu pour la liaison avec un autre manchon isolant au niveau d'une deuxième extrémité du manchon isolant ; et
    c) de préférence le premier filetage et le deuxième filetage étant disposés coaxialement par rapport à l'axe central du manchon isolant (201, 401).
  41. Manchon isolant (201, 401) selon la revendication 40, au moins un parmi le premier filetage et le deuxième filetage
    a) s'étendant autour du manchon isolant (201, 401) ou de l'axe central du manchon isolant (201, 401) ; et/ou
    b) étant muni d'un produit isolant, de préférence pour empêcher ou réduire un courant de décharge ou d'une composante du courant de décharge.
  42. Pulvérisateur électrostatique, de préférence pulvérisateur rotatif, plus particulièrement conçu pour la charge externe lors du revêtement interne/de détail et le revêtement externe, présentant au moins une des caractéristiques suivantes :
    a) du dispositif à électrodes selon l'une des revendications à 1 à 17 ;
    b) de l'élément de boîtier de pulvérisateur (113) selon l'une des revendications 18 à 28 ;
    c) du boîtier de pulvérisateur selon l'une des revendications 29 à 36 ;
    d) du manchon isolant (201, 401) selon l'une des revendications 37 à 41.
  43. Pulvérisateur électrostatique selon la revendication 42, conçu pour le revêtement interne/de détail sans séparation de potentiel.
  44. Pulvérisateur électrostatique selon la revendication 42 ou 43, avec un élément de pulvérisation (119), plus particulièrement un plateau à cloche (119), et au moins une électrode (108), qui peut être supportée par le dispositif à électrodes, le pulvérisateur électrostatique pouvant être supporté au moyen d'un élément de liaison du côté de l'axe d'une main, plus particulièrement au moyen d'un élément de liaison recouvert d'un manchon isolant, plus particulièrement au moyen d'une bride et un rapport entre une distance entre une extrémité d'électrode de l'au moins une électrode (108) et l'élément de pulvérisation (119), ou l'élément de liaison du côté de l'axe d'une main, se trouve dans une plage entre 1,5 et 2 ou entre 2 et 2,5 et/ou une distance (d1) entre une extrémité d'électrode de l'au moins une électrode (108) et l'élément de pulvérisation' (119), plus particulièrement une arête d'élément de pulvérisation, plus particulièrement une arête de plateau à cloche, se trouve dans une plage entre 80 mm et 250 mm et/ou une distance entre l'au moins une électrode (108) et l'axe de la main ou un élément de liaison, plus particulièrement une bride de liaison, du pulvérisateur électrostatique se trouve dans une plage entre environ 120 mm et 625 mm ou est égale à environ 195 mm ou environ 240 mm.
  45. Pulvérisateur électrostatique selon l'une des revendications 42 à 44, au moins un élément, sélectionné dans le groupe comprenant le dispositif à électrodes, l'élément de boîtier (117), le manchon isolant (201, 401), la bague à air de guidage (121) et l'élément de boîtier de pulvérisateur (113), pouvant être supporté, au moyen d'un mécanisme de liaison amovible, de préférence d'un filetage (116, 123, 309), plus particulièrement d'un mécanisme de liaison (116, 123, 309) revêtu ou entourée d'un produit isolant et le filetage (116, 123, 309) comprenant au moins un diaphragme, plus particulièrement un diaphragme revêtu d'un produit isolant, le filetage (116, 123, 309) et/ou l'au moins un diaphragme étant prévus pour provoquer un allongement, plus particulièrement grâce à un labyrinthe, d'un trajet du courant de décharge.
  46. Pulvérisateur électrostatique selon l'une des revendications 42 à 45,
    la partie de pulvérisateur comprenant la bague à air de guidage ou l'élément de boîtier (117) protégeant partiellement ou entièrement la surface d'enveloppe, opposée au composant à revêtir, de l'élément de pulvérisation, d'une composante du courant de décharge, qui est émise par l'au moins une électrode (108) et libère l'élément de pulvérisation de façon à ce qu'une décharge puisse provoquer un allumage.
  47. Procédé de pulvérisation électrostatique avec une charge externe du produit de revêtement, de préférence pour le revêtement interne/de détail et le revêtement externe, exécuté par un pulvérisateur selon l'une des revendications 42 à 46, une charge externe du produit de revêtement étant effectuée lors du revêtement interne/de détail.
  48. Procédé de pulvérisation selon la revendication 47, au moins une des étapes suivantes étant exécuté avec le même pulvérisateur et le même système de charge :
    a) un revêtement interne/de détail et un revêtement externe ;
    b) une charge externe du produit de revêtement lors du revêtement interne/de détail et du revêtement externe ;
    c) un revêtement interne/de détail et un revêtement externe avec des peintures à solvants et/ou des peintures à base d'eau,
    d) un revêtement interne/de détail sans séparation de potentiel.
  49. Procédé de pulvérisation selon l'une des revendications 47 à 48, la distance de peinture entre l'arête avant du pulvérisateur et le composant à revêtir étant inférieure à environ 7,5 mm, 25 mm, 75 mm, 125 mm, 175 mm ou 225 mm.
  50. Robot de peinture comprenant un pulvérisateur électrostatique selon l'une des revendications 42 à 46.
EP10709704.0A 2009-03-19 2010-03-19 Ensemble d'électrodes pour un pulvérisateur électrostatique Active EP2408568B2 (fr)

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ES2619838T5 (es) 2020-08-07
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MX344930B (es) 2017-01-11
PL2408568T3 (pl) 2017-06-30
RU2011142148A (ru) 2013-04-27
CN102427888A (zh) 2012-04-25
BRPI1009509A2 (pt) 2016-03-15
MX2011009443A (es) 2012-02-28
BRPI1009509B1 (pt) 2020-12-15
US20180141062A1 (en) 2018-05-24
DE102009013979A1 (de) 2010-09-23
CN102427888B (zh) 2015-06-17
RU2523813C2 (ru) 2014-07-27
EP2408568A1 (fr) 2012-01-25
ES2619838T3 (es) 2017-06-27
US9901942B2 (en) 2018-02-27
US20120006916A1 (en) 2012-01-12
EP2408568B2 (fr) 2019-12-25
HUE032503T2 (en) 2017-09-28
PL2408568T5 (pl) 2021-07-26
JP5735953B2 (ja) 2015-06-17
JP2012520753A (ja) 2012-09-10
KR101791844B1 (ko) 2017-11-01
ZA201106751B (en) 2012-12-27

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