EP0283918B1 - Dispositif de revêtement électrostatique d'objets - Google Patents

Dispositif de revêtement électrostatique d'objets Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0283918B1
EP0283918B1 EP88104183A EP88104183A EP0283918B1 EP 0283918 B1 EP0283918 B1 EP 0283918B1 EP 88104183 A EP88104183 A EP 88104183A EP 88104183 A EP88104183 A EP 88104183A EP 0283918 B1 EP0283918 B1 EP 0283918B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
outer housing
electrodes
spraying
mounting arrangement
electrode mounting
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP88104183A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0283918A3 (en
EP0283918A2 (fr
Inventor
Hans Behr
Kurt Vetter
Rolf Schneider
Manfred Luderer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mahle Behr Industry GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Behr Industrieanlagen GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE19873709508 external-priority patent/DE3709508A1/de
Priority claimed from DE8709948U external-priority patent/DE8709948U1/de
Application filed by Behr Industrieanlagen GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Behr Industrieanlagen GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP0283918A2 publication Critical patent/EP0283918A2/fr
Publication of EP0283918A3 publication Critical patent/EP0283918A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0283918B1 publication Critical patent/EP0283918B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C—APPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C1/00—Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is applied to the surface of the work by contact with a member carrying the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. a porous member loaded with a liquid to be applied as a coating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B5/00—Electrostatic spraying apparatus; Spraying apparatus with means for charging the spray electrically; Apparatus for spraying liquids or other fluent materials by other electric means
    • B05B5/025—Discharge apparatus, e.g. electrostatic spray guns
    • B05B5/053—Arrangements for supplying power, e.g. charging power
    • B05B5/0533—Electrodes specially adapted therefor; Arrangements of electrodes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B5/00—Electrostatic spraying apparatus; Spraying apparatus with means for charging the spray electrically; Apparatus for spraying liquids or other fluent materials by other electric means
    • B05B5/025—Discharge apparatus, e.g. electrostatic spray guns
    • B05B5/04—Discharge apparatus, e.g. electrostatic spray guns characterised by having rotary outlet or deflecting elements, i.e. spraying being also effected by centrifugal forces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B5/00—Electrostatic spraying apparatus; Spraying apparatus with means for charging the spray electrically; Apparatus for spraying liquids or other fluent materials by other electric means
    • B05B5/025—Discharge apparatus, e.g. electrostatic spray guns
    • B05B5/04—Discharge apparatus, e.g. electrostatic spray guns characterised by having rotary outlet or deflecting elements, i.e. spraying being also effected by centrifugal forces
    • B05B5/0403—Discharge apparatus, e.g. electrostatic spray guns characterised by having rotary outlet or deflecting elements, i.e. spraying being also effected by centrifugal forces characterised by the rotating member

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for electrostatically coating workpieces according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Such a device for example for coating vehicle body shells, in which, in contrast to conventional systems, instead of the spray head, only one arrangement of external electrodes is placed at high voltage potential, is known to have significant advantages when using conductive spray materials such as so-called water-based paints (cf. DE-OS 34 29 075 and 36 09 240). In particular, significant insulation problems are avoided since the entire paint line system can be grounded up to the spray head. With such a device with external electrodes, however, it is extremely difficult to avoid contamination of the spray device, particularly in the area of the electrodes and their holder arrangement and the atomizer housing, by the coating material during operation with good application efficiency, which depends on a good charging of the sprayed coating material.
  • the device known from DE-OS 34 29 075 is said to have only two, three or at most four charging electrodes which are embedded in a plastic holder projecting radially from the outer housing of the spray head and projecting axially towards the workpiece to be coated.
  • Each of these holders is firmly connected at the rear end to a ring body which is also made of plastic and is placed on the outer housing.
  • the device described in DE-OS 36 09 240 is intended instead have a ring body made of insulating material which surrounds the outer housing of the spray head at a distance, from which a plurality of needle-shaped electrodes protrude, possibly in finger-like approaches, and in which an electrical conductor, which connects the electrodes to one another and is connected to a high-voltage line, is arranged insulated.
  • a ring body made of insulating material which surrounds the outer housing of the spray head at a distance, from which a plurality of needle-shaped electrodes protrude, possibly in finger-like approaches, and in which an electrical conductor, which connects the electrodes to one another and is connected to a high-voltage line, is arranged insulated.
  • this enables a more uniform spray pattern to be achieved than with only three or four individual electrodes.
  • a more or less large proportion of the sprayed paint particles can be deposited instead of the workpiece to be coated to hike.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a device that tends less in the area between the outer housing and the charging electrodes to contamination by the sprayed coating material than before.
  • the coating material is atomized in a known manner and sprayed with a predominantly radial movement component.
  • they are sprayed off Particles are not initially charged, but they only receive their charge at a greater or lesser radial distance from the spraying edge in the ionization area of the electrodes, which charge the air around them by corona discharge.
  • the color particles can migrate to the grounded workpiece due to the electrostatic field generated by the electrodes.
  • the invention is based on the knowledge that the risk of self-coating of the device in the area up to the electrodes can be significantly reduced by appropriate design of the device, namely by using suitable insulating materials.
  • the internal pollution during operation can be reduced to a minimum. It is considerably lower than that of all plastics previously used in practice for the outer housing and the electrode holder arrangement, e.g. Polypropylene (PP) or polyacetal (POM).
  • PP Polypropylene
  • POM polyacetal
  • the device shown in FIG. 1 contains a spray device in the form of a rotary atomizer 1 of the known bell type, the bell plate 2 forming the spray head of which can preferably be driven by an air turbine at high speed.
  • a water-based paint or other conductive coating material runs along the axis of the spraying device from a storage system to the bell plate 2 supplying metal pipe 3, with which the entire coating material is laid to earth potential up to the spraying edge of the bell plate 2.
  • the workpiece to be coated (not shown) is also at earth potential, that is, in the example described here, part of a vehicle body which is arranged at an axial distance in front of the bell cup 2.
  • the spray device has an outer housing 4 made of insulating plastic, in which a metallic inner housing 6 can be located.
  • a cover 5 rotating with the bell plate 2 extends between the bell plate 2 and the end face of the outer housing 4 and, like the earthed bell plate 2, can be made of metal.
  • the cover 5 could also be arranged as a separate component next to the bell plate.
  • needle-shaped charging electrodes 10 are provided in the illustrated example on a circle concentric to the axis of the spraying device at uniform angular intervals.
  • the charging electrodes 10 are embedded axially parallel with their main part in finger-like protrusions 11 of a circular ring body 12 made of insulating material, likewise made of insulating material, and with their rear ends electrically conductively connected to a ring-shaped conductor 13 made of wire, which interconnects all electrodes and which is intended to be completely enclosed inside the insulating body 12 for electrical insulation.
  • the electrodes 10 and the conductor 13 are connected via a high-voltage cable 14 to a high-voltage generator, the voltage of which can typically be of the order of 60 to 100 kV.
  • the annular body 12 is fastened to the spraying device by, for example, two spoke-like supports 15 made of insulating material, which can be clamped to the outer housing 4, for example (in a manner not shown) with a clamping ring.
  • the number of charging electrodes 10 should be selected so that there is a sufficiently small distance between the electrodes to avoid a risk of contamination from the coating material on the front end face of the ring body 12.
  • a pitch circle diameter of the electrodes of 400 mm for example at least about 18 electrodes should be used. If you choose a smaller or larger pitch circle diameter for the electrodes, their possible minimum number must be reduced or enlarged accordingly.
  • the distance between the electrode tips should accordingly be between about 40 and 70 mm.
  • the radially measured distance of the electrode tips from the spraying edge of the bell cup should, as in the known device mentioned, be greater than twice the diameter (here approximately 70 mm) of the spraying edge.
  • a currently preferred range of possible pitch circle diameters of the electrodes 10 is approximately 350 to 450 mm.
  • the axial position of the electrode tips with respect to the plane of the spray edge is also important for the risk of contamination.
  • the electrode tips are set back in the axial direction a certain distance behind the spray edge. This distance is chosen so that there is a usable compromise between the charging of the sprayed coating material, which becomes better as the distance decreases, and an increasing risk of contamination.
  • axially measured distances between 25 and 60 mm and preferably approximately 50 mm have been found to be useful.
  • the front ends of the charging electrodes should be set back axially by less than 1/3 of the distance of the electrode tips from the spray edge measured in the radial direction behind the plane of the spray edge.
  • the radial supports 15 can consist of a tube, in the open end of which the annular body 12 with suitable radially inwardly projecting pins is inserted under sealing, as shown at 16.
  • the ring body 12 can consist of a different plastic such as polyacetal (POM) for design and manufacturing reasons.
  • the outer housing 4 should be free of recesses, openings and bores and should also not contain any screws or the like. If such fasteners are unavoidable, they should also be made of PTFE.
  • the dielectric strength of the housing 4 should be at least 5 kV at least in the entire area where there is a risk of contamination from the sprayed coating material.
  • a separate cover 8 which is made of a three-dimensional air-permeable material such as e.g. consists of a porous plastic body that can serve as condensation protection.
  • a suitable material for this is e.g. commercially available under the name "Filtroplast”.
  • the invention is not limited to the preferred exemplary embodiment shown with an insulating ring body and a relatively large number of outer electrodes, but is also suitable, for example, for the device known from DE-OS 34 29 075 mentioned, with electrodes arranged individually on each support.
  • PTFE is essentially cheaper than other materials in terms of its own pollution.
  • Various properties may play a role here, which differentiate PTFE from other plastics such as PP, POM and PVC or other insulating materials such as hard cardboard or ceramic.
  • PTFE has practically no water absorption capacity, so its properties are hardly dependent on changes in air humidity.
  • the electrode holder arrangement should preferably consist of an insulating material on at least one radially extending part 15 and at least on the side facing the workpiece, the surface potential of which, during operation of the spraying device, is approximated in the radial direction to the potential distribution of the sprayed-off material, which is due, among other things, to self-charging and charge dissipation allows significant surface behavior such as surface resistance to be achieved.
  • all parts of the electrode holder arrangement should be at least approximately at the same electrical potential as the respective paint particles that would come or would come close to them when sprayed. As a rule, radial continuous potential control in the area between the atomizer housing and electrodes is therefore preferable.
  • the spray head 2 and / or the cover 5 rotating with it can also consist, at least in part, of other material suitable for the desired potential control instead of metal, which is currently preferred.
  • FIG. 2 shows an embodiment modified in this regard, in which a corresponding cover 8 'like a hood encloses the entire outside of the outer housing 4 'made of PTFE. Between the outside of the outer housing 4 'and the inside of the entire cover 8', with the exception of the axially front and rear edges, an air gap 20 is left free, into which a line 21 leads for blowing air into this annular gap. The air escapes through the porous material of the cover 8 '.
  • the cover 8 ' can have an opening for the passage of the support 15.

Landscapes

  • Electrostatic Spraying Apparatus (AREA)
  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)

Claims (12)

  1. Dispositif pour appliquer électrostatiquement un revêtement sur des pièces, avec un matériau conducteur de l'électricité, avec un dispositif de pulvérisation, en particulier un pulvérisateur rotatif (1), dont la tête de pulvérisation (2) est disposée sur un carter intérieur (6) qui se trouve à l'intérieur d'un carter extérieur (4) en matière plastique :

    avec une conduite, qui amène à la tête de pulvérisation le matériau de revêtement , d'un système de réserve à une arête d'émission par pulvérisation, sur la tête de pulvérisation, conduite placée au potentiel de terre, avec le matériau et jusqu'à l'intérieur de la tête de pulvérisation;

    avec des électrodes de charge (10) en forme d'aiguilles, distribuées autour de la tête de pulvérisation, raccordées à un générateur de haute tension, pour charger le matériau de revêtement et pour produire un champ électrique,

    et avec un dispositif support d'électrodes (11,12,15), en matériau isolant, dans lequel les électrodes de charge (10) sont insérées, sauf leurs extrémités avant, en particulier avec une ou plusieurs tubulures (15) en matériau isolant, qui dépassent radialement du carter extérieur,

    caractérisé en ce que des parties, qui se trouvent dans la zone de risque d'un encrassement par le matériau de revêtement à pulvériser, du carter extérieur (4) et/ou du dispositif support d'électrode (11,12,15) sont composée d'un matériau fluorocarboné.
  2. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le matériau isolant fluorocarboné est du polytétrafluoréthylène.
  3. Dispositif selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que les tubulures (15), qui s'étendent radialement, du dispositif support d'électrodes (11,12,15) est composé au moins en surface du matériau fluorocarboné, à savoir de polytétrafluoréthylène.
  4. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les électrodes de charge en forme d'aiguille (10) sont noyées dans des saillies digitales (11) composées du matériau fluorocarboné, à savoir de polytétrafluoréthylène.
  5. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins dans la zone de risque d'un encrassement par le matériau de revêtement pulvérisé, le carter extérieur (4) présente une surface extérieure continue et lisse et est exempt de tout évidement, ouverture et perçage dans cette zone.
  6. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la rigidité diélectrique du carter extérieur (4) dans l'ensemble de la zone globale de risque d'un encrassement par le matériau de revêtement pulvérisé est d'au moins 5 kV.
  7. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'une ou plusieurs tubulures s'étendant radialement (15) du dispositif support d'électrode, qui relient les parties isolantes (11,12) contenant les électrodes de charge (10) au carter intérieur (6) sont composées au moins partiellement en céramique.
  8. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les électrodes de charge (10) sont montées sur un corps annulaire (12) composé en matériau isolant, de façon répartie à intervalles angulaires réguliers, sur un cercle concentrique à l'axe du dispositif de pulvérisation.
  9. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la tête de pulvérisation (2) et/ou un recouvrement (5) disposé à côté d'elle, sont composés partiellement en métal.
  10. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'un recouvrement spécial (8,8') en matériau à perméabilité tridimensionnelle est disposé en face intérieure ou en face extérieure du carter extérieur (4,4').
  11. Dispositif selon la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce qu'un interstice d'air circulaire annulaire (20), dans lequel découche une conduite (21) servant à insuffler de l'air, se trouve entre le carter extérieur (4') et le recouvrement poreux (8').
  12. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le potentiel électrique sur la surface d'au moins une partie s'étendant radialement (15) du dispositif support d'électrode, au moins sur la face tournée vers la pièce pendant le fonctionnement du dispositif de pulvérisation, est placé en direction radiale au voisinage de la distribution de potentiel du matériau pulvérisé.
EP88104183A 1987-03-23 1988-03-16 Dispositif de revêtement électrostatique d'objets Expired - Lifetime EP0283918B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3709508 1987-03-23
DE19873709508 DE3709508A1 (de) 1987-03-23 1987-03-23 Vorrichtung zum elektrostatischen beschichten von werkstuecken
DE8709948U DE8709948U1 (de) 1987-07-20 1987-07-20 Vorrichtung zum elektrostatischen Beschichten von Werkstücken
DE8709948U 1987-07-20

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0283918A2 EP0283918A2 (fr) 1988-09-28
EP0283918A3 EP0283918A3 (en) 1989-11-02
EP0283918B1 true EP0283918B1 (fr) 1991-07-10

Family

ID=25853812

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP88104183A Expired - Lifetime EP0283918B1 (fr) 1987-03-23 1988-03-16 Dispositif de revêtement électrostatique d'objets

Country Status (17)

Country Link
US (1) US4955960A (fr)
EP (1) EP0283918B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH0661491B2 (fr)
KR (1) KR930004010B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN1010559B (fr)
AU (1) AU602963B2 (fr)
BR (1) BR8801279A (fr)
CA (1) CA1303345C (fr)
CS (1) CS275114B2 (fr)
DE (1) DE3863562D1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2004334B3 (fr)
FI (1) FI91720C (fr)
HU (1) HUT57086A (fr)
MX (1) MX169525B (fr)
NZ (1) NZ223920A (fr)
PL (1) PL158987B1 (fr)
RU (1) RU1806020C (fr)

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US6896735B2 (en) 2002-01-24 2005-05-24 Behr Systems, Inc. Integrated charge ring
DE102005000983A1 (de) * 2005-01-07 2006-07-20 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Universeller Ionisierungsaufsatz für ein Sprühgerät, elektrostatisches Sprühgerät und Sprühbeschichtungsverfahren zur Sprühbeschichtung
US7328123B2 (en) 2002-09-30 2008-02-05 Durr Systems, Inc. System for collision avoidance of rotary atomizer
US7347649B2 (en) 2002-07-11 2008-03-25 Durr Systems, Inc. Powder purge tube

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FR3012985B1 (fr) * 2013-11-12 2016-12-09 Sames Tech Projecteur electrostatique de produit de revetement et installation de projection comprenant un tel projecteur
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JPH0661491B2 (ja) 1994-08-17
ES2004334A4 (es) 1989-01-01
FI881345A0 (fi) 1988-03-22
NZ223920A (en) 1989-10-27
ES2004334B3 (es) 1992-01-16
CS8801871A3 (en) 1992-02-19
CN88101597A (zh) 1988-10-05
KR930004010B1 (ko) 1993-05-19
EP0283918A3 (en) 1989-11-02
MX169525B (es) 1993-07-09
RU1806020C (ru) 1993-03-30
AU602963B2 (en) 1990-11-01
FI91720B (fi) 1994-04-29
DE3863562D1 (de) 1991-08-14
FI91720C (fi) 1994-08-10
CN1010559B (zh) 1990-11-28
PL158987B1 (pl) 1992-10-30
PL271381A1 (en) 1988-12-22
BR8801279A (pt) 1988-10-25
US4955960A (en) 1990-09-11
EP0283918A2 (fr) 1988-09-28
KR880010829A (ko) 1988-10-24
HUT57086A (en) 1991-11-28
FI881345A (fi) 1988-09-24
JPS63258665A (ja) 1988-10-26
CA1303345C (fr) 1992-06-16
AU1337688A (en) 1988-09-22
CS275114B2 (en) 1992-02-19

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