EP2399262A1 - Verfahren zur dekontamination radioaktiv kontaminierter oberflächen - Google Patents
Verfahren zur dekontamination radioaktiv kontaminierter oberflächenInfo
- Publication number
- EP2399262A1 EP2399262A1 EP10709987A EP10709987A EP2399262A1 EP 2399262 A1 EP2399262 A1 EP 2399262A1 EP 10709987 A EP10709987 A EP 10709987A EP 10709987 A EP10709987 A EP 10709987A EP 2399262 A1 EP2399262 A1 EP 2399262A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- treatment
- treatment solution
- component
- solution
- decontamination
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 238000005202 decontamination Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 230000003588 decontaminative effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000003945 anionic surfactant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 150000003009 phosphonic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 13
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- VUZPPFZMUPKLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane;hydrate Chemical compound C.O VUZPPFZMUPKLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims 2
- 230000003113 alkalizing effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009390 chemical decontamination Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 13
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 10
- 230000002285 radioactive effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- ABLZXFCXXLZCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorous acid Chemical compound OP(O)=O ABLZXFCXXLZCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 5
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bisulfite Chemical compound OS([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052695 Americium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052768 actinide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000001255 actinides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000005388 borosilicate glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000536 complexating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003758 nuclear fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000006408 oxalic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- -1 oxygen ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000003460 sulfonic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052685 Curium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000990 Ni alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052778 Plutonium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000005411 Van der Waals force Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010306 acid treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012670 alkaline solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- LXQXZNRPTYVCNG-UHFFFAOYSA-N americium atom Chemical compound [Am] LXQXZNRPTYVCNG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-BJUDXGSMSA-N cobalt-58 Chemical compound [58Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-BJUDXGSMSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- IIRVGTWONXBBAW-UHFFFAOYSA-M disodium;dioxido(oxo)phosphanium Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][P+]([O-])=O IIRVGTWONXBBAW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000010494 dissociation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005593 dissociations Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005251 gamma ray Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003014 ion exchange membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FTMKAMVLFVRZQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecylphosphonic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCP(O)(O)=O FTMKAMVLFVRZQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000012286 potassium permanganate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000000241 respiratory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000002345 respiratory system Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
- G21F9/00—Treating radioactively contaminated material; Decontamination arrangements therefor
- G21F9/001—Decontamination of contaminated objects, apparatus, clothes, food; Preventing contamination thereof
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
- G21F9/00—Treating radioactively contaminated material; Decontamination arrangements therefor
- G21F9/001—Decontamination of contaminated objects, apparatus, clothes, food; Preventing contamination thereof
- G21F9/002—Decontamination of the surface of objects with chemical or electrochemical processes
- G21F9/004—Decontamination of the surface of objects with chemical or electrochemical processes of metallic surfaces
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
- G21F9/00—Treating radioactively contaminated material; Decontamination arrangements therefor
- G21F9/28—Treating solids
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
- G21F9/00—Treating radioactively contaminated material; Decontamination arrangements therefor
- G21F9/28—Treating solids
- G21F9/30—Processing
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for the decontamination of radioactively contaminated surfaces of nuclear installations.
- a nuclear power plant which is hereinafter referred to by way of example
- the surfaces of components of the coolant system are subjected to up to about 350 0 C hot water as a coolant in power operation, even classified as corrosion-free CrNi steels and Ni alloys in some Extent be oxidized.
- an oxide layer is formed, which contains oxygen ions and metal ions.
- metal ions in dissolved form or as a constituent of oxide particles pass from the oxide layer into the cooling water and are transported by it to the reactor pressure vessel in which fuel elements are located.
- neutron radiation is generated which converts part of the metal ions into radioactive elements.
- the nickel of the above-mentioned materials produces radioactive cobalt-58.
- the nuclear reactions taking place in the nuclear fuel give rise to alpha-emitting transuranic substances such as Am-241, for example, which leak into the coolant as oxides due to leaks of the fuel rods that receive the nuclear fuel.
- the radioactive elements are distributed by the circulating cooling water in the primary circuit and deposit on the oxide layer of component surfaces, such as on the surfaces of the tubes of the coolant system again or be incorporated into the oxide layer.
- the removal of the oxide layer on component surfaces is carried out, for example, by bringing the component surfaces into contact with a treatment solution containing an organic acid, in the case of a coolant system this being done by filling it with said solution.
- the organic acid is one which forms water-soluble complex compounds with the metal ions present in the oxide layer.
- the alloy that makes up a component contains chromium.
- an oxide layer present on the component contains hardly soluble chromium-III oxides.
- the surfaces are treated with a strong oxidizing agent such as potassium permanganate or permanganic acid prior to the said acid treatment.
- the chromium-III oxides are thereby converted into more soluble chromium-VI-oxides.
- the spent cleaning solution containing the constituents of the oxide layer in dissolved form is either evaporated to a residual amount or passed through ion exchangers. In the latter case, the constituents of the oxide layer present in ionic form are retained by the ion exchanger and thus removed from the cleaning solution.
- the ion exchange membrane loaded with the partially radioactive ionic constituents Material and remaining on evaporation residual amount of the cleaning solution are each fed in an appropriate form an intermediate or final storage.
- Such a routine such as in the course of maintenance work on the coolant system performed decontamination treatment essentially only gamma radiation emitting nuclides such as Cr-51 and Co-60 are recorded.
- nuclides are present in large part, for example incorporated in an oxide layer of a component, in the form of their oxides, which are relatively easily dissolved by the active substances of conventional decontamination solutions, for example of complexing acids.
- the oxides of the transuranic elements, such as the Am-241 already mentioned above, are less soluble than the oxides formed from the metals and their radioactive nuclides.
- oxide particles that are not visible to the naked eye therefore, in comparison with the original oxide layer of the components, enriched with alpha emitters.
- the particles in question only adhere loosely to the component surface, so that they can be partially wiped off with a cloth during a wipe test, for example.
- the components of the coolant system to be supplied to a recycling or at least can be handled without complex protective measures.
- the in question adhering to the component surfaces particles can easily peel off and get into the human body via the respiratory tract, which can only be prevented by very complex respiratory protection measures.
- the measured at a component Radioactivity with regard to gamma and beta radiation as well as with regard to alpha radiation must therefore remain below specified limits, so that the components are no longer subject to the restrictions of radiation protection.
- a practical problem accompanying any surface decontamination is the further treatment or disposal of the spent decontamination solution containing the radioactive constituents of the detached oxide layer.
- a feasible way is to pass a spent decontamination solution through an ion exchanger to remove charged components contained therein.
- Task is to free a surface of radioactive particles with the aid of an active component present in aqueous solution, in such a way that the particles are easily removable from the solution.
- the surface is treated with an aqueous solution containing an active component for the removal of particles adhering to the surface, wherein the active component of at least one anionic surfactant from the sulfonic acids, phosphonic acids, Carboxylic acids and salts of these acids containing group is formed.
- the said surfactants on the one hand, in particular, can detach metal oxide particles with high efficiency, especially from metallic surfaces, and that the particles together with the surfactant an anion exchanger or a mixed-bed ion exchanger, a combination of anion and cation exchanger adhere. If, as is to be striven for, a solution is used which, apart from at least one surfactant, contains no further chemical substances, a particularly simple disposal is ensured after the decontamination has been carried out, since there is no decomposition of the further substances, for example with the aid of UV light their removal with the aid of an ion exchanger, which would require an additional amount to be disposed of ion-immersion resin, is required. Further advantageous embodiments are given in the dependent claims.
- the sample material used for the following examples or experiments comes from dismantled components of the primary coolant circuit of a German pressurized water reactor. These are cut coupons made of niobium-stabilized stainless steel, material number 1.4551, which have an oxide layer on their surface, which contains radioactive elements, as usual for components of the coolant system of nuclear power plants. The coupons were pretreated using a standard decontamination procedure.
- Borosilicate glasses with a capacity of between 500 ml and 2 l.
- the samples were suspended in the treatment solution in borosilicate glass hanger, stainless steel 1.4551, stainless steel ANSI 316, or PTFE.
- the heating to the experimental temperature was carried out with the aid of electric heating plates.
- the temperature was adjusted with contact thermometers and kept constant.
- the mixing of the solution was carried out by using magnetic or mechanical stirrers.
- the measurement of the radioactivity present on the samples was carried out in a radiochemical laboratory, accredited to DIN EN ISO / IEC 17025: 2005 (German Accreditation System for Testing GmbH, German Accreditation Council (DAR), Accreditation Certificate No. DAP-PL-3500.81).
- DAR German Accreditation Council
- the measurement of alpha radiation requires a relatively high effort. On the other hand, determination of gamma activity is much simpler and faster, and even more precise.
- the gamma-ray-based activity of the americium isotope 241 was therefore recorded as an indicator of the behavior of the alpha-emitting actinides or transurans.
- Table 1 compares by way of example the development of the activity of Am-241 determined by gamma radiation detectors on one of the described samples with the activity of the isotopes Pu-240, Cm-242 and Am-241 detected with alpha radiation detectors in the untreated state (No. 1) Decontamination with conventional decontamination methods (No. 2) and with a decontamination method in which an active component according to the invention according to this invention was used in various concentrations (Nos. 3, 4, 5). For a comparison To facilitate the removal of activity, in addition to the measured values obtained in Bq / cm 2 , the percentage values relative to the starting quantity are also shown. Surfactants having one and the same organic radical (CH 3 - (CH 2 ) 15) were used in each case, in the case of No.
- the minimum temperature for the effectiveness of the active ingredient component or a surfactant thereof from the group consisting of sulfonic acid, phosphonic acid and carboxylic acid is inter alia dependent on the structure (eg length) of the non-polar part of the surfactant and is due to the so-called "Krafft temperature" Below this temperature, the interactions between non-polar parts can not be overcome, the active substance remains in solution as an aggregate, in the case of use octadecylphosphonic acid as active ingredient is the minimum temperature for an effective effect eg 75 ° C.
- the upper limit is usually dependent on process parameters. For example, it is not desirable for the treatment solution to boil.
- a common application temperature of decontamination treatments under atmospheric pressure is therefore, for example, 80-95 0 C or 90-95 0 C.
- the effectiveness of the proposed surfactants also depends on the nature of their polar portion.
- the different proposed active ingredients are comparable (they have a nonpolar part through which they interact with each other) and a polar part, through which the molecules of the active substance are repelled among themselves and through which the interaction the active substance with polar, charged or ionized particles or surfaces is made possible)
- there are differences between different functional groups in the chemical properties which are responsible for a different effect also in the area of the decontamination in question here. These differences can be identified by comparing a selection of active ingredient components that have different polar functional groups but identical non-polar parts.
- the effectiveness of the active component is determined not only by its polar, but also by its non-polar part, in particular by its length or chain length.
- the size or length of the non-polar parts influences the interactions between the surfactant molecules due to Van der Waals forces, whereas larger non-polar parts produce greater interaction forces with comparable structure.
- this has the consequence that more molecules can be accommodated in the second layer of the bilayer which is not in contact with the surface. This will The charge density in this layer increases, leading to higher interactions with water and higher Coulomb s see repulsive forces. The mobilization of the activity is thereby favored.
- the method according to the invention is preferably used for the de ⁇ contamination of components of the coolant system of a nuclear power plant (see attached Fig. 1).
- a more or less thick oxide layer builds up on the surfaces of such components, which, as already mentioned, is radioactively contaminated.
- the oxide layer is removed as completely as possible.
- the component top surfaces are then treated with a solution containing at least one anionic surfactant from the group of sulfonic acids, phosphonic acids, carboxylic acids and their salts. It is particularly noteworthy that, apart from the surfactant, no further chemical additives are required, ie it is preferably carried out with an aqueous solution containing exclusively at least one surfactant from said group.
- the second treatment stage is carried out at a temperature above room temperature, that is above about 25 ° C temperature, but below 100 0 C is worked to reduce evaporation and thus loss of water.
- a temperature above room temperature that is above about 25 ° C temperature, but below 100 0 C is worked to reduce evaporation and thus loss of water.
- the best results are achieved at temperatures greater than 80 0 C at temperatures of more than 50 0 C gearbei- tet.
- the pH of the treatment solution in the second treatment stage is in principle variable. Thus, it is conceivable to accept the pH which results from the surfactant present in the solution. If the surfactant is an acid, it will have a pH in the acidic range to adjust. The best results, especially when using a Phosphonklaivates as a surfactant are achieved in a pH range of 3 to 9.
- the concentration of the active component, that is a surfactant of the type in question in the second treatment solution is 0, lg / l to lOg / l. Below 0, lg / l a reduction of the alpha contamination of the component surface does not take place to any significant extent. Above 10 ⁇ g / l, an increase in the decontamination factor is barely observable, so that concentrations in excess of the stated value are virtually ineffective. A very good compromise between the amount of surfactant used and the decontamination efficiency is achieved at surfactant concentrations up to 3 g / l.
- the first treatment solution is largely freed from the substances contained in it, ie a decontamination acid used for the purpose of detaching the oxide layer present on a component surface and metal ions originating from the oxide layer.
- a decontamination acid used for the purpose of detaching the oxide layer present on a component surface and metal ions originating from the oxide layer.
- the treatment solution is irradiated with UV light, whereby the acid is decomposed into carbon dioxide and water.
- the in the spent decontamination solution contained metal ions are removed by passing the solution through an ion exchanger.
- the cooling means system of a boiling water reactor is shown schematically. It comprises, in addition to the pressure vessel 1, in which at least in operation a plurality of fuel elements 2 are present, a conduit system 3, which is connected via nozzles 4.5 to the pressure vessel 1, and various internals such. Capacitors, the internals are symbolized in their entirety by the box 6 in Fig. 1.
- a treatment solution which contains, for example, a complex-forming organic acid.
- such a decontamination step is preceded by an oxidation step in order, as already mentioned, to oxidize chromium III to chromium VI contained in the oxide layer located on the inner surfaces 7 of the components.
- an oxidation step in order, as already mentioned, to oxidize chromium III to chromium VI contained in the oxide layer located on the inner surfaces 7 of the components.
- the entire cooling system is filled, otherwise only parts, for example only a portion of the power system, can be treated.
- the resulting treatment solution is dosed with a surfactant, preferably phosphonic acid or phosphonic acid salt, and the second treatment stage is carried out ,
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Detergent Compositions (AREA)
- Cleaning By Liquid Or Steam (AREA)
- Cleaning And De-Greasing Of Metallic Materials By Chemical Methods (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102009009441 | 2009-02-18 | ||
| DE102009002681A DE102009002681A1 (de) | 2009-02-18 | 2009-04-28 | Verfahren zur Dekontamination radioaktiv kontaminierter Oberflächen |
| PCT/EP2010/051957 WO2010094692A1 (de) | 2009-02-18 | 2010-02-17 | Verfahren zur dekontamination radioaktiv kontaminierter oberflächen |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP2399262A1 true EP2399262A1 (de) | 2011-12-28 |
| EP2399262B1 EP2399262B1 (de) | 2012-11-21 |
Family
ID=42538319
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP10709987A Active EP2399262B1 (de) | 2009-02-18 | 2010-02-17 | Verfahren zur dekontamination radioaktiv kontaminierter oberflächen |
Country Status (10)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US8353990B2 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP2399262B1 (de) |
| JP (1) | JP5584706B2 (de) |
| KR (1) | KR101295017B1 (de) |
| CN (1) | CN102209992B (de) |
| CA (1) | CA2749642C (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102009002681A1 (de) |
| ES (1) | ES2397256T3 (de) |
| TW (1) | TWI595506B (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2010094692A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| IT1402751B1 (it) * | 2010-11-12 | 2013-09-18 | Ecir Eco Iniziativa E Realizzazioni S R L | Metodo per il condizionamento di scorie derivate da smaltimento di impianti nucleari |
| CN103489495B (zh) * | 2012-06-14 | 2016-10-05 | 中国辐射防护研究院 | 一种用于控制放射性气溶胶的固定剂及制备方法 |
| DE102013100933B3 (de) * | 2013-01-30 | 2014-03-27 | Areva Gmbh | Verfahren zur Oberflächen-Dekontamination von Bauteilen des Kühlmittelkreislaufs eines Kernreaktors |
| DE102013102331B3 (de) | 2013-03-08 | 2014-07-03 | Horst-Otto Bertholdt | Verfahren zum Abbau einer Oxidschicht |
| ES2768617T3 (es) * | 2013-08-14 | 2020-06-23 | Areva Gmbh | Procedimiento para la reducción de la contaminación radiactiva de la superficie de un componente usado en un reactor nuclear |
| DE102013108802A1 (de) * | 2013-08-14 | 2015-02-19 | Areva Gmbh | Verfahren zur Verringerung der radioaktiven Kontamination eines wasserführenden Kreislaufs eines Kernkraftwerks |
| CN106103350A (zh) * | 2014-01-22 | 2016-11-09 | 让·米歇尔·佛格茹克思 | 用于优化电解提取具有高盐浓度的水溶液中的重金属的产量的方法以及实施该方法的装置 |
| CN105895172A (zh) * | 2014-12-26 | 2016-08-24 | 姚明勤 | 压水堆非能动安全的快速有效设计措施 |
| CN107210073B (zh) * | 2015-02-05 | 2019-07-05 | 法玛通有限公司 | 在核反应堆的冷却系统中净化金属表面的方法 |
| TWI594265B (zh) * | 2015-05-13 | 2017-08-01 | 森元信吉 | 輻射污染水的處理方法及原子爐設備的密封處理方法 |
| KR101639651B1 (ko) | 2015-06-05 | 2016-08-12 | 주식회사 큐리텍 | 고정식 드럼형 방사능 자동 제염 장치 |
| WO2017076431A1 (en) * | 2015-11-03 | 2017-05-11 | Areva Gmbh | Method of decontaminating metal surfaces in a heavy water cooled and moderated nuclear reactor |
| EP3494090B1 (de) | 2016-08-04 | 2021-08-18 | Dominion Engineering, Inc. | Unterdrückung von radionuklidablagerung auf kernkraftwerkkomponenten |
| KR102061287B1 (ko) * | 2018-04-17 | 2019-12-31 | 한국수력원자력 주식회사 | 가압 경수로형 원자력 발전소의 생체 보호 콘크리트의 해체 및 제염 시스템및 방법 |
| JP7337442B2 (ja) * | 2019-02-19 | 2023-09-04 | 株式会社ディスコ | 加工液の循環システム |
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| AU493149B2 (en) * | 1973-09-20 | 1978-05-17 | Basf Wyandotte Corporation | Method of cleaning vehicles witha thickened acid composition |
| DE3339048A1 (de) * | 1983-10-27 | 1985-05-09 | Nea Nuclear Engineering Fuer A | Verfahren zur dekontamination von feststoffkoerpern, sowie vorrichtung und ultraschallquelle zur durchfuehrung des verfahrens |
| US4729855A (en) * | 1985-11-29 | 1988-03-08 | Westinghouse Electric Corp. | Method of decontaminating radioactive metal surfaces |
| US5037482A (en) * | 1990-02-16 | 1991-08-06 | Macdermid, Incorporated | Composition and method for improving adhesion of coatings to copper surfaces |
| JPH05148670A (ja) * | 1991-11-26 | 1993-06-15 | Saga Pref Gov | 金属の腐食抑制剤 |
| GB9422539D0 (en) * | 1994-11-04 | 1995-01-04 | British Nuclear Fuels Plc | Decontamination processes |
| DE9420866U1 (de) * | 1994-12-29 | 1995-03-09 | Bundesrepublik Deutschland, vertreten durch das Bundesministerium der Verteidigung, dieses vertreten durch den Präsidenten des Bundesamtes für Wehrtechnik und Beschaffung, 56068 Koblenz | Dekontaminationslösung zur Entstrahlung von radioaktiv kontaminierten Oberflächen |
| US5752206A (en) * | 1996-04-04 | 1998-05-12 | Frink; Neal A. | In-situ decontamination and recovery of metal from process equipment |
| US5814204A (en) * | 1996-10-11 | 1998-09-29 | Corpex Technologies, Inc. | Electrolytic decontamination processes |
| JP3003684B1 (ja) * | 1998-09-07 | 2000-01-31 | 日本電気株式会社 | 基板洗浄方法および基板洗浄液 |
| DE19851852A1 (de) * | 1998-11-10 | 2000-05-11 | Siemens Ag | Verfahren zur Dekontamination einer Oberfläche eines Bauteiles |
| CA2300698C (en) * | 1999-02-19 | 2003-10-07 | J. Garfield Purdon | Broad spectrum decontamination formulation and method of use |
| JP4516176B2 (ja) * | 1999-04-20 | 2010-08-04 | 関東化学株式会社 | 電子材料用基板洗浄液 |
| US6652661B2 (en) * | 2001-10-12 | 2003-11-25 | Bobolink, Inc. | Radioactive decontamination and translocation method |
| US20050187130A1 (en) * | 2004-02-23 | 2005-08-25 | Brooker Alan T. | Granular laundry detergent composition comprising an anionic detersive surfactant, and low levels of, or no, zeolite builders and phosphate builders |
| DE102004047572A1 (de) * | 2004-09-27 | 2006-04-06 | Alfred Kärcher Gmbh & Co. Kg | Flüssigkonzentrat-Set |
| SI1968075T1 (sl) * | 2005-11-29 | 2011-12-30 | Areva Np Gmbh | Postopek za dekontaminacijo površine, ki ima oksidno plast, komponente ali sistema jedrske naprave |
| DE102007038947A1 (de) * | 2007-08-17 | 2009-02-26 | Areva Np Gmbh | Verfahren zur Dekontamination von mit Alphastrahlern kontaminierten Oberflächen von Nuklearanlagen |
| DE102007052206A1 (de) | 2007-10-30 | 2009-05-07 | Henkel Ag & Co. Kgaa | Bleichmittelhaltiges Wasch- oder Reinigungsmittel in Flüssiger Form |
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2009
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- 2010-02-17 JP JP2011549605A patent/JP5584706B2/ja active Active
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- 2010-02-17 KR KR1020117021724A patent/KR101295017B1/ko active Active
- 2010-02-17 CN CN201080003157.XA patent/CN102209992B/zh active Active
- 2010-02-22 TW TW099104951A patent/TWI595506B/zh active
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- 2011-08-17 US US13/211,350 patent/US8353990B2/en active Active
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| See references of WO2010094692A1 * |
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| JP5584706B2 (ja) | 2014-09-03 |
| ES2397256T3 (es) | 2013-03-05 |
| CN102209992A (zh) | 2011-10-05 |
| JP2012518165A (ja) | 2012-08-09 |
| WO2010094692A1 (de) | 2010-08-26 |
| US8353990B2 (en) | 2013-01-15 |
| DE102009002681A1 (de) | 2010-09-09 |
| CA2749642A1 (en) | 2010-08-26 |
| US20110303238A1 (en) | 2011-12-15 |
| KR101295017B1 (ko) | 2013-08-09 |
| KR20110118726A (ko) | 2011-10-31 |
| TWI595506B (zh) | 2017-08-11 |
| EP2399262B1 (de) | 2012-11-21 |
| CN102209992B (zh) | 2014-11-05 |
| CA2749642C (en) | 2015-04-07 |
| TW201037730A (en) | 2010-10-16 |
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