EP2163842B1 - Élément d'échange thermique total et son procédé de fabrication - Google Patents

Élément d'échange thermique total et son procédé de fabrication Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP2163842B1
EP2163842B1 EP07828155.7A EP07828155A EP2163842B1 EP 2163842 B1 EP2163842 B1 EP 2163842B1 EP 07828155 A EP07828155 A EP 07828155A EP 2163842 B1 EP2163842 B1 EP 2163842B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
adhesive
heat exchange
water
total heat
members
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP07828155.7A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2163842A1 (fr
EP2163842A4 (fr
Inventor
Masaru Takada
Hidemoto Arai
Takanori Imai
Michio Murai
Shinya Tokizaki
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mitsubishi Electric Corp
Original Assignee
Mitsubishi Electric Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mitsubishi Electric Corp filed Critical Mitsubishi Electric Corp
Publication of EP2163842A1 publication Critical patent/EP2163842A1/fr
Publication of EP2163842A4 publication Critical patent/EP2163842A4/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2163842B1 publication Critical patent/EP2163842B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Images

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D9/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D9/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D9/0025—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being formed by zig-zag bend plates
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D53/00—Making other particular articles
    • B21D53/02—Making other particular articles heat exchangers or parts thereof, e.g. radiators, condensers fins, headers
    • B21D53/04—Making other particular articles heat exchangers or parts thereof, e.g. radiators, condensers fins, headers of sheet metal
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F3/00—Plate-like or laminated elements; Assemblies of plate-like or laminated elements
    • F28F3/02—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/4935—Heat exchanger or boiler making

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a total heat exchange element and a manufacturing method thereof, the total heat exchange element being used in a heat exchanger included in an air-conditioning apparatus or a ventilator and being configured so as to exchange latent heat as well as to exchange sensible heat between two types of air flows.
  • the present invention more specifically relates to a total heat exchange element used in a stationary-type heat exchanger and a manufacturing method thereof.
  • JP-08-211676 discloses a heat exchange element as defined in the preamble of claim 1 and a method according to the preamble of claim 6.
  • heat exchangers included in air-conditioning apparatuses and ventilators there are two types such as rotation-type heat exchangers and stationary-type heat exchangers.
  • total heat exchange elements are preferably used because total heat exchange elements have higher heat exchange efficiency than sensible heat exchange elements, which exchange only sensible heat.
  • a total heat exchange element is obtained by manufacturing a long product by using a single-face corrugated cardboard manufacturing apparatus (i.e., single-facer apparatus) and using the long product as a material for the heat exchange element, the long product having a structure in which a sheet-like partition member and a corrugated-plate-like spacing member are pasted together.
  • a total heat exchange element used in a rotation-type heat exchanger is manufactured by applying an adhesive to a predetermined surface of the long product described above and rolling the long product into a wheel-like configuration.
  • a total heat exchange element used in a stationary-type heat exchanger is manufactured by obtaining a plurality of element structuring units by cutting the long product described above into pieces of a predetermined size and stacking, in the manner of layers, the element structuring units oriented in predetermined directions (in other words, by stacking the element structuring units in the manner of layers in such a manner that the corrugation stripes of the spacing members included in the element structuring units that are positioned adjacent to each other in the layer stacking direction are substantially orthogonal to each other.) In this situation, the elements structuring units that are positioned adjacent to each other in the layer stacking direction are joined together by using an adhesive.
  • the functions that the partition members and the spacing members are expected to have are different, because operation principles of the heat exchangers are different. Roughly speaking, in the total heat exchange elements that are used in rotation-type heat exchangers, the partition members and the spacing members are expected to have heat storing and releasing properties as well as moisture storing and releasing properties.
  • the partition members are expected to have heat conductivity and moisture permeability, whereas the spacing members are expected to play a role of securing air flow passages by maintaining intervals between the partition members and to have a certain degree of gas blocking properties for the purpose of inhibiting leaks of the air flows.
  • the present invention relates to a total heat exchange element that is used in a stationary-type heat exchanger.
  • a water-soluble or non-water-soluble moisture absorbent moisture permeable agent
  • an alkali metal salt such as lithium chloride or an alkali earth metal salt such as calcium chloride
  • the non-water-soluble moisture absorbent for example, silica gel or powder of a strongly acidic ion-exchange resin or a strongly basic ion-exchange resin may be used.
  • Patent Document 1 describes a paper that can be used in a total heat exchange member.
  • the paper is obtained by applying a moisture absorbing/releasing coating layer of which the main components are moisture absorbing/releasing powder (i.e., a non-water-soluble moisture absorbent) and a binder, onto one or both surfaces of a flame-retardant base paper, and further applying a thermal-adhesion-type adhesive layer onto one of the surfaces of the flame-retardant base paper.
  • a moisture absorbing/releasing coating layer of which the main components are moisture absorbing/releasing powder (i.e., a non-water-soluble moisture absorbent) and a binder
  • Patent Document 2 describes an adsorbing sheet obtained by partially embedding granular adsorbing members into an adhesive layer formed on a base material for the sheet, and further covering the adhesive layer and the granular adsorbing members with an adsorbent layer containing a particulate adsorbent (i.e., a non-water-soluble moisture absorbent).
  • adsorbing sheet is used in, for example, a rotation-type total heat exchanger or a dehumidifying rotor.
  • Patent Document 3 describes a heat exchange element obtained by manufacturing a partition member (i.e., a flat plate) by using craft paper or a film having moisture permeability or moisture absorbing properties, and also, manufacturing a spacing member (i.e., a corrugated plate) by using a metallic foil on which a synthetic resin film is laminated or a synthetic resin film, and further adding a water-soluble moisture absorbent to the partition member.
  • Patent Document 4 describes a composite heat-transfer element obtained by manufacturing a partition member (i.e., a liner) by using a paper to which a water-soluble moisture absorbent or non-water-soluble moisture absorbent has been added, and also, manufacturing a spacing member (i.e., a corrugated member) by using a metallic foil.
  • the composite heat-transfer element can be used in a total heat exchanger.
  • Patent Document 5 describes a heat exchanger obtained by manufacturing a spacing member (i.e., a spacing plate) by using a material obtained by blending fiber (i.e., cellulose fiber) that has a high softening point with a resin that has a lower softening point than the fiber and making the blended material into the form of paper, and also, manufacturing an element structuring unit (i.e., a unit member) by joining, by way of thermal fusion bonding, the spacing member and a partition member together while using the same resin as a binder, and further stacking a predetermined number of element structuring units in the manner of layers by using an aqueous adhesive or by using the same resin as a binder.
  • a spacing member i.e., a spacing plate
  • a material obtained by blending fiber i.e., cellulose fiber
  • an element structuring unit i.e., a unit member
  • Patent Document 6 describes a heat exchanger obtained by manufacturing a partition member, by using a gas blocking product obtained by forming a moisture permeable film being capable of blocking air on one of the surfaces of a plate-like porous member, and also, forming a moisture absorbent layer on the other surface, and further joining the partition member and a spacing member together by using an aqueous adhesive.
  • Patent Document 7 describes a heat exchange element obtained by configuring a spacing member (i.e., a spacing plate) by disposing a thin film having air blocking properties so as to be in close contact with a porous member (i.e., woven cloth, nonwoven cloth, knitted cloth, paper, or the like), and also, manufacturing an element structuring unit (i.e., a unit member) by bonding the spacing member with a partition member (i.e., a partition plate) by using a thermal-adhesion-type adhesive layer formed on the entirety of one of the surfaces of the spacing member or the partition member, and subsequently stacking a predetermined number of element structuring units in the manner of layers by using an aqueous adhesive.
  • the partition member included in the heat exchange element is configured by, for example, disposing a moisture permeable film so as to be in close contact with a porous member, the moisture permeable film being capable of selectively allow water vapor to permeate therethrough.
  • the inventors of the present invention have placed their focus on a situation in which, when a partition member to which a water-soluble moisture absorbent has been added and a spacing member manufactured by using a water retentive material are joined together by using an aqueous adhesive, between the time at which the aqueous adhesive is applied and the time at which the aqueous adhesive has dried and the joining process is completed, the water, which is the solvent in the aqueous adhesive, seeps into both the partition member and the spacing member, so that a part of the water-soluble moisture absorbent in the partition member moves into the spacing member via the aqueous adhesive.
  • the partition member Because the water-soluble moisture absorbent moves from the partition member into the spacing member, when the partition member has been assembled into a total heat exchange element, the partition member is not able to maintain the moisture permeability that could be achieved when the partition member was by itself. It has been implied that, as a result, there is a possibility that the latent heat exchange efficiency may decrease.
  • a total heat exchange element comprising a stacked-layer structure in which sheet-like partition members having a water-soluble moisture absorbent added thereto and spacing members are stacked alternately, the spacing members being joined with the partition members so as to form air flow passages together with the partition members, wherein the spacing members have water retention properties, and each of the spacing members is joined between two partition members with an adhesive; and the adhesive exhibits insolubility to the water-soluble moisture absorbent or an aqueous solution of the water-soluble moisture absorbent.
  • a manufacturing method of a total heat exchange element according to the present invention comprising a stacked-layer structure in which sheet-like partition members having a water-soluble moisture absorbent added thereto and spacing members are stacked alternately, the spacing members being joined with the partition members so as to form air flow passages together with the partition members, the manufacturing method includes a unit manufacturing step of obtaining a plurality of element structuring units in each of which one of the partition members and a corresponding one of the spacing members each being made of a water retentive material are joined together by using the adhesive; and a layer stacking step of joining the element structuring units together by using an adhesive and obtaining the total heat exchange element in which the plurality of element structuring units are stacked in layers, wherein the adhesive used at the unit manufacturing step and the adhesive used at the layer stacking step each exhibits insolubility to the water-soluble moisture absorbent or an aqueous solution of the water-soluble moisture absorbent.
  • the total heat exchange element it is easy to enhance the latent heat exchange efficiency by adding a desired amount of moisture absorbent to the partition members. In addition, it is also easy to inhibit the latent heat exchange efficiency from decreasing over the course of time.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view illustrating an example of a total heat exchange element.
  • a total heat exchange element 20 shown in Fig. 1 is of a cross-flow type and has a stacked-layer structure in which sheet-like partition members 1 and corrugated-plate-like spacing members 5 are stacked in the manner of layers so as to alternate.
  • the stacked-layer structure is formed by stacking six element structuring units 10a to 10f in the manner of layers.
  • a top plate member 15 is further stacked on top of the element structuring unit 10f that is provided in the uppermost position.
  • the corrugation stripes of the spacing member 5 in any one of the element structuring units are substantially orthogonal, in a planar view, to the corrugation stripes of the spacing member 5 in another one of the element structuring units that is positioned above or below the one of the element structuring units.
  • the lengthwise directions of ridges or grooves of the corrugated-plate-like spacing member 5 in any one of the element structuring units are substantially orthogonal, in a planar view, to the lengthwise directions of ridges or grooves of the corrugated-plate-like spacing member 5 in another one of the element structuring units that is positioned above or below the one of the element structuring units.
  • Each of the partition members 1 includes a base material and a water-soluble moisture absorbent that has been added to the base material.
  • a base material for each of the partition members 1 such a material is used to which it is possible to add a water-soluble moisture absorbent and with which it is possible to join a corresponding one of the spacing members 5 by using an adhesive described below.
  • a material having a high level of air permeation resistance e.g., approximately 200 seconds or higher
  • a material having a low level of air permeation resistance e.g., the levels of air permeation resistance denote ones measured by using a Gurley tester.
  • a material having a low level of air permeation resistance it is desirable to impregnate the base material having the low level of air permeation resistance with a water-soluble polymer such as polyvinyl alcohol as a sealing agent.
  • an alkali metal salt that is deliquescent such as lithium chloride
  • an alkali earth metal salt that is deliquescent such as calcium chloride
  • alginic acid alginic acid
  • a salt of alginic acid a polysaccharide such as carrageenan or chitosan
  • urea a polysaccharide
  • any other substances having water solubility and moisture absorbing properties as the water-soluble moisture absorbent.
  • Deliquescent alkali metal salts and deliquescent alkali earth metal salts have higher capabilities of adsorbing water than other water-soluble moisture absorbents and are able to dramatically change the performance level of the total heat exchange element 20 according to an added amount thereof.
  • a deliquescent alkali metal salt or a deliquescent alkali earth metal salt is particularly desirable as the water-soluble moisture absorbent.
  • the water-soluble moisture absorbent to the base material by, for example, preparing an aqueous solution of the water-soluble moisture absorbent and impregnating the base material with the aqueous solution or by applying the aqueous solution to one or both surfaces of the base material by using equipment such as a gravure coater.
  • a binder component or a sealing agent to the aqueous solution.
  • the binder component may inhibit the base material from being impregnated with the water-soluble moisture absorbent, depending on what type of binder component is used.
  • each of the partition members 1 depends on the level of moisture permeability that the partition members 1 are expected to have and the material strength of the base material, it is generally desirable to configure the thickness of each of the partition members 1 so as to be approximately 20 ⁇ m to 100 ⁇ m, because when the partition members 1 are too thick, the moisture permeability of the partition members 1 decreases, whereas when the partition members 1 are too thin, the partition members 1 may be damaged during the manufacturing process of the element structuring units or the total heat exchange element due to an imbalance in the strength between the partition members 1 and the spacing members 5 or due to too low a material strength of the partition members 1. It is possible to manufacture the top plate member 15 by using the same material as the base material for the partition members 1.
  • the spacing members 5 have water retention properties, and a material having water retention properties (hereinafter, a "water retentive material”) is used as a material for the spacing members 5.
  • a material having water retention properties include materials obtained by impregnating paper, woven cloth, or nonwoven cloth made of cellulose fiber with a water-absorbing resin or by applying a water-absorbing resin to the same.
  • a material for the spacing members 5 it is also possible to use a material obtained by impregnating woven cloth or nonwoven cloth made of synthetic fiber having no water retention properties with a water-absorbing resin or by applying a water-absorbing resin to the same, or a material-blended paper made of cellulose fiber and a resin, because these materials also have water retention properties, although only slight. It should be noted, however, that the water retention amounts of the spacing members 5 become smaller when any of these materials is used.
  • each of the spacing members 5 so as to be thick.
  • the spacing members 5 alone are configured to be too thick, a problem will arise where the strengths of the spacing members 5 and the partition members 1 become imbalanced, so that deformation may occur during the manufacturing process of the element structuring units or the total heat exchange element.
  • configuring the spacing members 5 so as to be thick can be a cause of an increase in the costs.
  • a flame retardant to each of the spacing members 5, as long as the water retention properties thereof are not inhibited.
  • the flame retardant include materials that are often used in the process of arranging papers to be flame retardant, fire-proof or the like, such as guanidine salts e.g., guanidine hydrochloride, guanidine sulfate, guanidine sulfamate, and inorganic salts e.g., ammonium sulfamate, ammonium phosphate, ammonium sulfate, calcium chloride, and magnesium chloride.
  • guanidine salts e.g., guanidine hydrochloride, guanidine sulfate, guanidine sulfamate, and inorganic salts e.g., ammonium sulfamate, ammonium phosphate, ammonium sulfate, calcium chloride, and magnesium chloride.
  • Each of the element structuring units is formed by joining one partition member 1 and one spacing member 5 by using an adhesive.
  • the element structuring units that are positioned adjacent to each other in the layer stacking direction as well as the element structuring unit 10f provided in the uppermost position and the top plate member 15 are also joined together by an adhesive.
  • each of the partition members 1 is a sheet-like member and each of the spacing members 5 is a corrugated-plate-like member
  • air flow passages Ps are formed in the space between the partition member 1 and the spacing member 5 in each of the element structuring units 10a to 10f, the space between the spacing member 5 included in any one of the element structuring units 10a to 10e and the partition member 1 included in the one of the element structuring units 10b to 10f that is positioned above the element structuring unit, and the space between the spacing member 5 included in the element structuring unit 10f and the top plate member 15.
  • the total heat exchange element 20 performs a latent heat exchanging process and a sensible heat exchanging process via the partition members 1, between air flows flowing in the air flow passages P formed below the partition members 1 and air flows flowing in the air flow passages P formed above the partition members 1.
  • one is an airflow (i.e., a primary air flow) that is taken into the inside of a building from the outside of the building, whereas the other is an airflow (i.e., a secondary air flow) that is discharged to the outside of the building from the inside of the building.
  • air flows Af 1 and other air flows Af 2 between which the heat exchanging processes are performed via the partition member 1 included in the element structuring unit 10d are indicated with arrows drawn with solid lines.
  • the total heat exchange element 20 that is configured as described above is characterized with the adhesive described above that is used for joining the partition members 1 and the spacing members 5 together.
  • the adhesive will be explained in detail, with reference to Fig. 2 .
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating a joint portion and the surroundings thereof between the element structuring unit 10a and the element structuring unit 10b that is positioned above the element structuring unit 10a both of which are included in the total heat exchange element 20 described above.
  • the partition member 1 and the spacing member 5 are joined together by adhesive 3 that is applied to the rear surface side of a corrugated groove portion R of the spacing member 5.
  • the element structuring unit 10a and the element structuring unit 10b are joined together by adhesive 13 that is applied to the upper surface side of a corrugated ridge portion T of the spacing member 5 included in the element structuring unit 10a.
  • the adhesive 3 and the adhesive 13 exhibits insolubility to the water-soluble moisture absorbent that has been added to the partition members 1 or an aqueous solution of the water-soluble moisture absorbent.
  • the adhesive while the adhesive is in an unhardened state, the water-soluble moisture absorbent with which the partition members 1 are impregnated is not able to dissolve into the adhesive. Also, after the adhesive is hardened, the water-soluble moisture absorbent and an aqueous solution of the water-soluble moisture absorbent are not able to seep into the adhesive.
  • Specific examples of the adhesive include organic-solvent-based adhesives (including non-aqueous emulsion-type adhesives) that do not contain water as a solvent, solventless reactive adhesives, and hot-melt adhesives.
  • the adhesive 3 and/or the adhesive 13 may allow a very small amount of the water-soluble moisture adsorbent to dissolve into the adhesive or may allow a very small amount of the water-soluble moisture adsorbent to seep into the adhesive.
  • the "unhardened state" of a hot-melt adhesive denotes a state in which the hot-melt adhesive is softened or melted.
  • the partition members 1 and the spacing members 5 are joined together by using the adhesive 3 and the adhesive 13.
  • the adhesive 3 and the adhesive 13 it is easy to enhance the latent heat exchange efficiency by adding a desired amount of moisture absorbent to the partition members 1.
  • the moisture absorbent from moving from the partition members 1 into the spacing members 5
  • the spacing members 5 have water retention properties, even if condensation has occurred in the total heat exchange element 20 so that the water-soluble moisture absorbent dissolves into the condensation water, it is possible to have the condensation water absorbed by the spacing members.
  • an apparatus such as an air-conditioning apparatus or a ventilator that is structured by using the total heat exchange element 20, it is possible to inhibit serious malfunctions such as the tracking phenomenon that may occur when the condensation water in which the water-soluble moisture absorbent has dissolved comes into contact with an electric power charging unit of such an apparatus.
  • the total heat exchange element 20 is easy to obtain a total heat exchange element having high latent heat exchange efficiency. Further, it is also easy to constitute an air-conditioning apparatus, a ventilator, or the like that has high reliability by using the total heat exchange element 20. In the case where the total heat exchange element 20 is used in an apparatus that is installed indoor like an air-conditioning apparatus or a ventilator, it is desirable to use a solventless reactive adhesive or a hot-melt adhesive as the adhesive 3 and the adhesive 13 so that no organic solvent is emitted therefrom and no odor is released therefrom.
  • the total heat exchange element 20 that is able to achieve the technical advantageous effects as described above by using a method that includes, for example, a unit manufacturing step of obtaining a plurality of element structuring units in each of which a partition member is joined with a spacing member having water retention properties by using an adhesive; and a layer stacking step of joining the element structuring units together by using an adhesive and obtaining the total heat exchange element in which the plurality of element structuring units are stacked in the manner of layers.
  • an adhesive exhibits insolubility to the water-soluble moisture absorbent or an aqueous solution of the water-soluble moisture absorbent is used.
  • such an adhesive is used into which the water-soluble moisture absorbent is not able to dissolve, while the adhesive is in an unhardened state, and into which the water-soluble moisture absorbent or an aqueous solution of the water-soluble moisture absorbent is not able to seep, after the adhesive is hardened.
  • the unhardened adhesive is hardened so that a long element structuring unit member is obtained by joining the long material used for making the partition members 1 with the corrugated-plate-like product.
  • the adhesive 13 (cf. Fig. 2 ) in an unhardened state is applied to apex portions of the corrugated ridges of the spacing members 5 included in the element structuring units.
  • the long element structuring unit member one after another, by using, for example, equipment as shown in Fig. 3 .
  • the long material, used for making the spacing members and the long material used for making the partition members are shaped in rolls in advance, respectively.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic drawing illustrating an example of the equipment that is used to manufacture the long element structuring unit member one after another at the unit manufacturing step described above.
  • Equipment 120 shown in Fig. 3 is a single-facer apparatus.
  • the single-facer apparatus shapes a long material 5A used for making the spacing members 5 into a roll R 1 in advance, and also shapes a long material 1A used for making the partition members 1 (cf. Fig. 1 ) into a roll R 2 in advance.
  • the adhesive tank 105 is provided with, for example, a heater (not shown), so that the hot-melt adhesive is melted by the heater, and the adhesive 3a in the unhardened state can be obtained.
  • a long element structuring unit member 10A used for making the element structuring units is manufactured one after another.
  • the corrugating rollers 101a and 101b and the press roller 113 are heated to a predetermined temperature of, for example, approximately 150°C or higher so that it is easy to adjust the shape of the corrugated-plate-like product 5B.
  • a predetermined temperature for example, approximately 150°C or higher so that it is easy to adjust the shape of the corrugated-plate-like product 5B.
  • Fig. 3 the rotation directions of the rollers and the transport directions of the materials 1A and 5A are indicated with arrows drawn with solid lines.
  • the sheet or the film may be porous or may not be porous.
  • the thermal-adhesion-type resin layer 35B is formed by using a porous film or a porous sheet, it is easy to enhance the water retention properties of the spacing member 35.
  • the thermal-adhesion-type resin layer 35B is formed by using a non-porous film or a non-porous sheet, it is easy to enhance the level of air permeation resistance of the spacing member 35.
  • the total heat exchange element in which the joining mode for the partition members 1 and the spacing members 35 as described above is used, for the same reasons that are explained in the first embodiment about the total heat exchange element 20, it is easy to obtain a total heat exchange element having high latent heat exchange efficiency. Further, it is also easy to structure an air-conditioning apparatus, a ventilator, or the like that has high reliability by using the total heat exchange element. In addition, it is easy to reduce the time required to manufacture the total heat exchange element and to reduce the input energy required to manufacture the total heat exchange element. Consequently, it is easy to reduce the costs and to reduce environmental burdens on the surrounding environment.
  • a long element structuring unit member was manufactured by using equipment that is the same as the equipment 120 shown in Fig. 3 , while using, as a material for partition members, a long product obtained by impregnating a specially-processed paper with a predetermined amount of lithium chloride, which is a water-soluble moisture absorbent, the specially-processed paper having been obtained as a result of a process of crushing cellulose fiber (pulp) and having a thickness of approximately 300 ⁇ m and an air permeation resistance level of 5000 seconds or higher, and also using, as a material for spacing members, a long product made of white single-side-glazed high-quality paper having a thickness of approximately 80 ⁇ m.
  • the levels of exchange efficiency in the high-humidity environment were measured under a condition that was compliant with an exchange efficiency measuring condition (i.e., a summer condition) according to JIS B8628 (total heat exchangers), whereas the levels of exchange efficiency in the low-humidity environment were measured under a condition that was compliant with an exchange efficiency measuring condition (i.e., a cooled-room condition) according to Standard 1060 Rating Air-to-Air Energy Recovery Ventilation Equipment defined by the Air-conditioning and Refrigeration Institute (ARI) in the USA, while using a method that was compliant with JIS B8628 (total heat exchangers).
  • the measured results are shown in a table in Fig. 8 .
  • each of the spacing members is able to hold two partition members with a predetermined interval therebetween, sheets that have been shaped into rectangular corrugations or triangular corrugations or a plurality of plate pieces may be used as the spacing members.
  • the overall shapes of each of the element structuring units and the total heat exchange element it is possible to select any shape, as necessary, according to the applications of the total heat exchange element to be manufactured and the performances that the total heat exchange element is expected to achieve.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Elément d'échange thermique total (20) comprenant une structure à couches empilées dans laquelle des éléments de séparation en forme de feuille (1) possédant un absorbant d'humidité hydrosoluble ajouté à ceux-ci et des éléments d'espacement (5, 35) sont empilés de façon alternée, les éléments d'espacement (5, 35) étant joints aux éléments de séparation (1) afin de former des passages d'écoulement d'air conjointement avec les éléments de séparation (1), dans lequel
    les éléments d'espacement (5, 35) possèdent des propriétés de rétention d'eau, et caractérisés en ce que
    chacun des éléments d'espacement est joint entre deux éléments de séparation avec un adhésif ; et l'adhésif (3, 13) présente un caractère d'insolubilité par rapport à l'absorbant d'humidité hydrosoluble ou une solution aqueuse de l'absorbant d'humidité hydrosoluble.
  2. Elément d'échange thermique total (20) selon la revendication 1, dans lequel l'adhésif (3, 13) est un adhésif à base de solvant organique, un adhésif réactif sans solvant, ou un adhésif thermofusible.
  3. Elément d'échange thermique total (20) selon la revendication 1, dans lequel chacun des éléments de séparation (1) est fait d'un matériau rétenteur d'eau qui est imprégné avec l'absorbant d'humidité hydrosoluble.
  4. Elément d'échange thermique total (20) selon la revendication 1, dans lequel
    chacun des éléments d'espacement (5, 35) comprend un matériau de base (35A) fait d'un matériau rétenteur d'eau et une couche de résine à adhérence thermique (35B) disposée sur une des surfaces du matériau de base (35A), et
    la couche de résine à adhérence thermique (35B) sert d'adhésif (3, 13) et est utilisée pour faire en sorte que les éléments d'espacement (5, 35) soient joints aux éléments de séparation (1).
  5. Elément d'échange thermique total (20) selon la revendication 1, dans lequel l'absorbant d'humidité hydrosoluble est un sel de métal alcalin déliquescent ou un sel de métal alcalino-terreux déliquescent.
  6. Procédé de fabrication d'un élément d'échange thermique total (20) comprenant une structure à couches empilées dans laquelle des éléments de séparation en forme de feuille (1) possédant un absorbant d'humidité hydrosoluble ajouté à ceux-ci et des éléments d'espacement (5, 35) sont empilés de façon alternée, les éléments d'espacement (5, 35) étant joints aux éléments de séparation (1) afin de former des passages d'écoulement d'air conjointement avec les éléments de séparation (1), le procédé de fabrication comprenant :
    une étape de fabrication d'unités en vue d'obtenir une pluralité d'unités de structuration d'élément dans chacune desquelles un des éléments de séparation (1) et un des éléments d'espacement (5, 35) correspondants, chacun étant fait d'un matériau rétenteur d'eau, sont joints ensemble en utilisant l'adhésif (3, 13) ; et
    une étape d'empilage de couches en vue de joindre des unités de structuration d'élément ensemble en utilisant un adhésif (3, 13) et d'obtenir l'élément d'échange thermique total (20), dans lequel la pluralité d'unités de structuration d'élément est empilée en couches, caractérisée en ce que
    l'adhésif (3, 13) utilisé à l'étape de fabrication d'unités et l'adhésif (3, 13) utilisé à l'étape d'empilage de couches présentent chacun un caractère d'insolubilité par rapport à l'absorbant d'humidité hydrosoluble ou à une solution aqueuse de l'absorbant d'humidité hydrosoluble.
  7. Procédé de fabrication d'un élément d'échange thermique total (20) selon la revendication 6, dans lequel l'adhésif (3, 13) utilisé à l'étape de fabrication d'unités et l'adhésif (3, 13) utilisé à l'étape d'empilage de couches sont chacun un adhésif à base de solvant organique, un adhésif réactif sans solvant, ou un adhésif thermofusible.
  8. Procédé de fabrication d'un élément d'échange thermique total (20) selon la revendication 6, dans lequel chacun des éléments de séparation (1) est constitué d'un matériau rétenteur d'eau qui est imprégné avec l'absorbant d'humidité hydrosoluble.
  9. Procédé de fabrication d'un élément d'échange thermique total (20) selon la revendication 6, dans lequel
    chacun des éléments d'espacement (5, 35) comprend un matériau de base (35A) constitué d'un matériau rétenteur d'eau et une couche de résine à adhérence thermique (35B) disposée sur une des surfaces du matériau de base (35A), et
    la couche de résine à adhérence thermique (35B) est utilisée en tant qu'adhésif (3, 13) à l'étape de fabrication d'unités.
  10. Procédé de fabrication d'un élément d'échange thermique total (20) selon la revendication 6, dans lequel l'absorbant d'humidité hydrosoluble est un sel de métal alcalin déliquescent ou un sel de métal alcalino-terreux déliquescent.
EP07828155.7A 2007-06-29 2007-06-29 Élément d'échange thermique total et son procédé de fabrication Active EP2163842B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/JP2007/063166 WO2009004695A1 (fr) 2007-06-29 2007-06-29 Élément d'échangeur thermique total et son procédé de fabrication

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2163842A1 EP2163842A1 (fr) 2010-03-17
EP2163842A4 EP2163842A4 (fr) 2013-07-03
EP2163842B1 true EP2163842B1 (fr) 2014-10-08

Family

ID=40225765

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP07828155.7A Active EP2163842B1 (fr) 2007-06-29 2007-06-29 Élément d'échange thermique total et son procédé de fabrication

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US20100175859A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP2163842B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP5503285B2 (fr)
KR (2) KR20120051756A (fr)
CN (1) CN101688761B (fr)
HK (1) HK1139726A1 (fr)
TW (1) TW200900176A (fr)
WO (1) WO2009004695A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10788393B2 (en) 2014-05-15 2020-09-29 Emage Vision Pte. Ltd System and method for inspecting opthalmic lenses

Families Citing this family (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102052741A (zh) * 2009-11-05 2011-05-11 有限会社科技新领域 热交换构造体
WO2012056506A1 (fr) * 2010-10-25 2012-05-03 三菱電機株式会社 Élément d'échange de chaleur total et échangeur de chaleur total
CN102538521A (zh) * 2010-12-28 2012-07-04 常州碳元科技发展有限公司 一种螺旋发散型高散热体及其制造方法
CN103998888B (zh) 2011-12-19 2017-03-29 迪博因特技术公司 逆流能量回收通风机(erv)芯部
JP6436096B2 (ja) * 2013-12-26 2018-12-12 東レ株式会社 全熱交換素子の製造方法
JP5987854B2 (ja) * 2014-03-10 2016-09-07 三菱電機株式会社 熱交換素子及び熱交換器
TWI600545B (zh) 2015-07-17 2017-10-01 財團法人工業技術研究院 除濕基材、除濕基材成形裝置及其成形方法
WO2017100947A1 (fr) 2015-12-18 2017-06-22 Dpoint Technologies Inc. Échangeur enthalpique
CN110462327B (zh) * 2017-03-31 2021-03-12 三菱电机株式会社 全热交换元件、全热交换元件的制造方法及全热交换装置
WO2019097885A1 (fr) * 2017-11-16 2019-05-23 三菱電機株式会社 Élément d'échange de chaleur totale et échangeur de chaleur totale
US11644248B2 (en) * 2018-03-20 2023-05-09 Mitsubishi Electric Corporation Total heat exchange element and total heat exchanger
JP7089178B2 (ja) 2018-07-23 2022-06-22 ダイキン工業株式会社 全熱交換素子およびその製造方法
JP6822517B2 (ja) * 2019-05-09 2021-01-27 ダイキン工業株式会社 全熱交換素子
WO2020226048A1 (fr) * 2019-05-09 2020-11-12 ダイキン工業株式会社 Procédé de mise en œuvre d'élément en forme de feuille
JP2021055873A (ja) * 2019-09-27 2021-04-08 王子ホールディングス株式会社 熱交換器、間隔部材用原紙、及び間隔部材用原紙の製造方法

Family Cites Families (20)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4460388A (en) * 1981-07-17 1984-07-17 Nippon Soken, Inc. Total heat exchanger
JPS6146899A (ja) * 1984-08-13 1986-03-07 Japan Vilene Co Ltd 全熱交換素子
JPS63207990A (ja) * 1987-02-24 1988-08-29 Mitsubishi Electric Corp 熱交換素子の製造方法
JPH0743228B2 (ja) * 1987-02-24 1995-05-15 三菱電機株式会社 熱交換素子の製造方法
JPS63280635A (ja) * 1987-05-12 1988-11-17 Mitsubishi Electric Corp 熱交換素子の製造装置
JPH05322472A (ja) * 1992-05-19 1993-12-07 Mitsubishi Electric Corp 熱交換器
JPH0719789A (ja) * 1993-07-02 1995-01-20 Abb Gadelius Kk 全熱交換器の複合伝熱エレメント
JPH0732522A (ja) * 1993-07-16 1995-02-03 Nippon Synthetic Chem Ind Co Ltd:The 積層体
JP2738284B2 (ja) * 1993-12-28 1998-04-08 三菱電機株式会社 熱交換器及びその間隔板並びに熱交換器の仕切板の製造方法
JP3460358B2 (ja) * 1995-02-15 2003-10-27 三菱電機株式会社 熱交換器及び熱交換器の間隔板並びに熱交換器の仕切板
JPH1054691A (ja) * 1996-08-08 1998-02-24 Mitsubishi Electric Corp 熱交換器の間隔板及び熱交換器用部材及び熱交換器並びにその製造方法
JPH11199833A (ja) * 1997-11-13 1999-07-27 Sekisui Chem Co Ltd ホットメルト接着剤組成物
CA2283089C (fr) * 1999-05-10 2004-05-25 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Echangeur de chaleur et methode pour sa preparation
AU2002304108B2 (en) * 2001-06-01 2004-04-22 Mitsubishi Paper Mills Limited Total heat exchange element-use paper
JP2002372393A (ja) * 2001-06-19 2002-12-26 Matsushita Seiko Co Ltd 熱交換素子とその製造方法
JP3969064B2 (ja) * 2001-11-16 2007-08-29 三菱電機株式会社 熱交換器及び熱交換換気装置
JP4206894B2 (ja) * 2003-10-15 2009-01-14 三菱電機株式会社 全熱交換素子
US7320361B2 (en) * 2005-10-28 2008-01-22 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Heat exchanger
JP4624247B2 (ja) * 2005-12-02 2011-02-02 小林製薬株式会社 体液吸収性シート
JP5506441B2 (ja) * 2010-02-09 2014-05-28 三菱電機株式会社 全熱交換素子および全熱交換器

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10788393B2 (en) 2014-05-15 2020-09-29 Emage Vision Pte. Ltd System and method for inspecting opthalmic lenses

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN101688761B (zh) 2011-09-14
EP2163842A1 (fr) 2010-03-17
HK1139726A1 (en) 2010-09-24
JPWO2009004695A1 (ja) 2010-08-26
KR101160398B1 (ko) 2012-06-26
TW200900176A (en) 2009-01-01
CN101688761A (zh) 2010-03-31
JP5503285B2 (ja) 2014-05-28
US20100175859A1 (en) 2010-07-15
WO2009004695A1 (fr) 2009-01-08
KR20120051756A (ko) 2012-05-22
TWI313626B (fr) 2009-08-21
EP2163842A4 (fr) 2013-07-03
KR20100032376A (ko) 2010-03-25

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP2163842B1 (fr) Élément d'échange thermique total et son procédé de fabrication
CA2283089C (fr) Echangeur de chaleur et methode pour sa preparation
EP1312870B1 (fr) Echangeur de chaleur et ventilateur d'échange de chaleur
EP2146171B1 (fr) Elément d'échangeur de chaleur et échangeur de chaleur
JP3501075B2 (ja) 熱交換器及び熱交換器の製造方法
US20090071638A1 (en) Heat exchanger
JP4206894B2 (ja) 全熱交換素子
JP5610777B2 (ja) 全熱交換素子
EP3770543B1 (fr) Élément d'échange de chaleur totale et échangeur de chaleur totale
JP2007147279A (ja) 熱交換器及び熱交換換気装置
JP2007003161A (ja) 熱交換器とその製造方法
JPH0712478A (ja) 回転型潜熱交換器の製造方法

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 20091204

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MT NL PL PT RO SE SI SK TR

AX Request for extension of the european patent

Extension state: AL BA HR MK RS

DAX Request for extension of the european patent (deleted)
A4 Supplementary search report drawn up and despatched

Effective date: 20130605

RIC1 Information provided on ipc code assigned before grant

Ipc: F28D 9/00 20060101AFI20130529BHEP

GRAP Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1

INTG Intention to grant announced

Effective date: 20140507

GRAS Grant fee paid

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MT NL PL PT RO SE SI SK TR

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: FG4D

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: AT

Ref legal event code: REF

Ref document number: 690856

Country of ref document: AT

Kind code of ref document: T

Effective date: 20141015

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: EP

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: IE

Ref legal event code: FG4D

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R096

Ref document number: 602007038858

Country of ref document: DE

Effective date: 20141120

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: NL

Ref legal event code: VDEP

Effective date: 20141008

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: AT

Ref legal event code: MK05

Ref document number: 690856

Country of ref document: AT

Kind code of ref document: T

Effective date: 20141008

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: LT

Ref legal event code: MG4D

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20141008

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20141008

Ref country code: PT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20150209

Ref country code: ES

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20141008

Ref country code: LT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20141008

Ref country code: IS

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20150208

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: PL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20141008

Ref country code: LV

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20141008

Ref country code: CY

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20141008

Ref country code: SE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20141008

Ref country code: GR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20150109

Ref country code: AT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20141008

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R097

Ref document number: 602007038858

Country of ref document: DE

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: CZ

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20141008

Ref country code: SK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20141008

Ref country code: EE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20141008

Ref country code: DK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20141008

Ref country code: RO

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20141008

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

26N No opposition filed

Effective date: 20150709

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R119

Ref document number: 602007038858

Country of ref document: DE

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: MC

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20141008

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: PL

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20141008

Ref country code: LU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20150629

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: IE

Ref legal event code: MM4A

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: ST

Effective date: 20160229

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20150629

Ref country code: LI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20150630

Ref country code: DE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20160101

Ref country code: CH

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20150630

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20150630

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: MT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20141008

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: 746

Effective date: 20170425

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: BG

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20141008

Ref country code: HU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT; INVALID AB INITIO

Effective date: 20070629

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: TR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20141008

P01 Opt-out of the competence of the unified patent court (upc) registered

Effective date: 20230512

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IT

Payment date: 20230510

Year of fee payment: 17

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: BE

Payment date: 20230517

Year of fee payment: 17

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Payment date: 20230511

Year of fee payment: 17