EP1876296B1 - Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Entfernung eisenhaltiger Materialien von einer Schienenstrecke - Google Patents

Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Entfernung eisenhaltiger Materialien von einer Schienenstrecke Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1876296B1
EP1876296B1 EP20070111925 EP07111925A EP1876296B1 EP 1876296 B1 EP1876296 B1 EP 1876296B1 EP 20070111925 EP20070111925 EP 20070111925 EP 07111925 A EP07111925 A EP 07111925A EP 1876296 B1 EP1876296 B1 EP 1876296B1
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Prior art keywords
particulate material
magnetic field
railway line
magnet structure
magnet
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EP20070111925
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP1876296A2 (de
EP1876296A3 (de
Inventor
Jacob Johan Schildmeijer
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Koninklijke BAM Groep NV
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Koninklijke BAM Groep NV
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01H—STREET CLEANING; CLEANING OF PERMANENT WAYS; CLEANING BEACHES; DISPERSING OR PREVENTING FOG IN GENERAL CLEANING STREET OR RAILWAY FURNITURE OR TUNNEL WALLS
    • E01H8/00—Removing undesirable matter from the permanent way of railways; Removing undesirable matter from tramway rails
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B27/00—Placing, renewing, working, cleaning, or taking-up the ballast, with or without concurrent work on the track; Devices therefor; Packing sleepers
    • E01B27/06—Renewing or cleaning the ballast in situ, with or without concurrent work on the track
    • E01B27/10—Renewing or cleaning the ballast in situ, with or without concurrent work on the track without taking-up track
    • E01B27/102—Removing unwanted material without removing the ballast
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01H—STREET CLEANING; CLEANING OF PERMANENT WAYS; CLEANING BEACHES; DISPERSING OR PREVENTING FOG IN GENERAL CLEANING STREET OR RAILWAY FURNITURE OR TUNNEL WALLS
    • E01H1/00—Removing undesirable matter from roads or like surfaces, with or without moistening of the surface
    • E01H1/14—Removing by magnetic effect

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the maintenance of railway lines.
  • it relates to both railway lines which are founded on a concrete slab and railway lines which are founded in a ballast bed.
  • pollution such as iron particles which are released during grinding of the rails
  • ends up on the foundation and may lead to problems.
  • the iron particles which end up on a concrete slab may swirl up when a train passes and end up on the rails. This problem occurs to a lesser degree with railway lines which are founded in a ballast bed from pebbles and the like.
  • Such iron particles result, first and foremost, from the fact that, after the rails have been laid, the rolling skin has to be removed therefrom.
  • This rolling skin is created during the manufacturing process and can only be removed after the rails have been fixed in the correct position.
  • the grinding procedure used for the removal of this rolling skin ensures that the running surfaces of the rails are of the appropriate quality, and also contributes to the correct spatial orientation of these running surfaces. Particularly with high-speed trains, this orientation is very important in order to ensure a smooth ride.
  • particulate material such as iron particles and quartz particles swirl up as a result of the suction generated by the passing railway traffic.
  • EP-A-418.428 discloses a method for removing particulate material from a railway line which comprises a foundation and rails which are raised with respect to the foundation, which particulate material at least comprises magnetizable particles, such as abraded iron material or lumps of abraded iron material, which method comprises the steps of:
  • particulate material is swirled up from a railway bed by means of a rotating bristes which are contained in a housing.
  • the swirled up particulate material is sucked from the housing. Any iron particles are attached by magnets which are arranged on the suction housing.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to provide an improved method of the type described before, in such a way that any particulate material attracted by the magnets is reliably disposed. Said object is achieved by:
  • the swirled-up particulate material in particular iron particles
  • these swirled-up particles can be removed in a reliable manner by this magnetic field, which is important, in particular with railway lines having a concrete foundation.
  • this concrete foundation contains a reinforcement made from iron material, which reinforcement is also affected by the magnetic field.
  • the result of a reinforcement which has been magnetized in this way is that iron particles which may be present on the foundation are attracted by the reinforcement. However, as soon as such iron particles become attached to the foundation in such a manner, they are less easy to remove.
  • the iron particles are prevented from being attracted by the reinforcement which has been magnetized on account of the magnetic field. After all, the iron particles are made to swirl up in such a manner that they are outside the influence of the reinforcement, which means that they can subsequently be removed by the magnetic field. The fact that the reinforcement is also magnetized on account of the magnetic field which removes the iron particles therefore then no longer plays a part in the removal of these iron particles.
  • the method according to the invention also comprises the step of:
  • the method according to the invention may be carried out in various ways. According to a first possibility, the method according to the invention comprises the steps of:
  • the method according to the invention may comprise the step of directing the flows of fluid towards one another.
  • the method may comprise the step of causing the flows of fluid to collide with one another.
  • Producing the desired flow of fluid may be achieved by means of spray nozzles on either side of the one rail and by means of spray nozzles on either side of the other rail.
  • the method may furthermore comprise the step of:
  • the iron particles are swirled up only a short time before they are subjected to the magnetic field, they are still in a swirled-up state so that they can be directly displaced and removed by the magnetic field. However, it is not necessary to first make the iron particles swirl. Making the iron particles swirl and applying a magnetic field may also take place approximately simultaneously, provided that it is always ensured that the iron particles do not end up in a position where they are attracted by the iron reinforcement of the foundation which has been magnetized on account of the magnetic field.
  • the invention is furthermore related to a device for carrying out the method according to one of the preceding claims, comprising a trolley which is movable along a railway line having a gauge, a magnet structure, carrier means for carrying the magnet in such a position with respect to the railway line that particulate material or lumps of abraded iron material situated on that railway line are within the magnetic field generated by the magnet structure, and fluid spray means for releasing the particulate material from the railway line, wherein the fluid spray means have a spraying range which has a width which is larger than the gauge.
  • transfer means are provided for transferring the magnet structure between the position with respect to the railway line so that particulate material or lumps of abraded iron material on said railway line is/are within the magnetic field generated by the magnet structure, and a position with respect to a container so that particulate material or lumps of abraded iron material adhering to the magnet structure can be collected therein.
  • the spray nozzles are also spaced apart from one another in the longitudinal direction of the trolley.
  • spray nozzles are provided on either side of the magnet structure, viewed in the longitudinal direction of the trolley.
  • the ferrous particulate material which is situated beneath the magnet structures is reliably swirled up.
  • the spray nozzles are prevented from producing a continuous flow in one direction, for example directed backwards or to the front. The drawback of such a continuous flow in a specific direction is that there is the risk that the particulate ferrous material could be blown away before it can be caught by the magnetic field.
  • the magnet structure is preferably designed in such a manner that it provides a magnetic field, the width of which is greater than the gauge.
  • the magnet structure may comprise three magnets which are situated next to one another in the width direction and the maximum width of which is greater than the gauge.
  • the two outer magnets may be designed to fold up. As a result, the outer magnets may protrude far laterally with respect to the railway line, while forming no obstacle in the folded-up state when passing platforms and the like.
  • a further device is known from European patent 954,642 .
  • a magnetic collecting device is arranged in front of the agitating means in the direction of movement of the device over the railway line.
  • this problem is solved by positioning the magnet, viewed in the direction of travel of the trolley, behind or at the same level as the swirl of particulate material to be produced by the agitating means.
  • Such an orientation and position of the agitating means and the magnet with respect to one another prevents the iron particles from already adhering to the concrete foundation before they can be removed.
  • the particles can be discharged in a reliable manner and without requiring a great force, for example by means of a jet of liquid.
  • the magnets are preferably electromagnets.
  • the device according to the invention and illustrated in Fig. 1 is situated on a railway line 1 comprising two raised rails 2 (one of which is shown) and a concrete foundation 3.
  • This concrete foundation 3 comprises an iron reinforcement 4, embedded in a layer of concrete 5.
  • the rails 2 are fastened to the concrete foundation 3 by means of fastening means which are denoted overall by reference numeral 6.
  • this layer of dust 7 may also contain quartz which was formed during setting of the layer of concrete 5.
  • Such a layer of fine dust 7 comprising hard materials such as iron and quartz is highly undesirable, because such materials may end up on the running surfaces of the rails 2, as a result of which indentations may form.
  • the device according to the invention as illustrated in Fig. 1 , is used.
  • This device comprises a trolley 8, which has a chassis 9 and wheels 10.
  • a carrier 11 is provided for the magnet structure 12, which preferably comprises electromagnets.
  • spray nozzles 13 are fitted to the chassis 9, which spray nozzles 13 are fed by the compressor 14.
  • the magnet structure 12 can be energized by means of the power source 15.
  • a container 19 is provided on the trolley 8, into which container 19 the dirt which has been collected can be deposited.
  • the trolley 8 is coupled to the wheeled vehicle 16, which is provided with an articulated arm 17.
  • a magnet structure 12 is suspended from this articulated arm 17 by means of the connecting piece 18.
  • the magnet structure 12 can be moved between its carrier 11 and the container 19 by means of this articulated arm 17.
  • the wheeled vehicle 16 together with the trolley 8 coupled thereto is moved along the railway line 1, namely to the right in Fig. 1 , in the direction of arrow 20.
  • a flow of air 21 is dispensed by the spray nozzles 13, in such a manner that the layer of fine dust 7 on the concrete foundation 3 is swirled up to form a cloud 22, as illustrated in Fig. 2 .
  • the magnet structure 12 is energized in such a manner that ferrous particulate material 23 from the layer of fine dust 7 adheres to the magnet structure 12. In this connection, it is important that the particles are already swirling before the reinforcement 4 of the concrete foundation 3 is magnetized by the magnetic field generated by the magnet structure 12.
  • the ferrous particles 23 can no longer be attracted to the surface 24 of the concrete foundation 3 on account of the magnetized reinforcement 4.
  • This may be achieved by providing the spray nozzle 13 slightly upstream of the magnet structure 12, viewed in the direction of travel 20. Spray nozzles 13 are also provided on the other side of the magnet structure 12, as is illustrated in the top view from Fig. 3 , in such a manner that the swirled-up particulate material can remain localized to the area beneath the magnet structure 12. It is thus impossible for a flow in one direction to occur which would blow the particulate material away before it is caught by the magnetic field of the magnet structure 12.
  • the spray nozzles 13 and the magnet structure 12 are oriented in this way with respect to one another, as long as it is ensured that the position of the spray nozzles 13 is such that the swirling action has started before the magnetic field of the magnet structure 12 takes effect. In other words, it has to be ensured that the ferrous particles 23 of the layer of fine dust 7 cannot be attracted to the surface 24 of the concrete foundation 3 by the magnetic field, but can be made to swirl.
  • the magnet structure 12 it is possible to use the magnet structure 12 to also remove lumps of abraded iron material, which result from the use of water and an abrasive, from the railway line.
  • the progress of the device along the railway line 1 is interrupted.
  • the magnet structure 12 together with the amount of ferrous particles 23 or lumps of abraded iron material which adhere thereto, is lifted from the carrier 11 and moved to a position above the container 19. In this position, the excitation of the magnet structure 12 is cancelled, so that the particles 23 or lumps of abraded iron material fall into the container 19. Then, the magnet structure 12 is moved back onto the carrier 11 by means of the articulated arm 17, after which the progress of the device according to the invention along the railway line 1 can be resumed.
  • quartz particles there are also quartz particles on the concrete foundation 3. These quartz particles cannot be removed by means of the magnet structure 12, but conventional suction devices (not shown) can be used for the removal thereof which are known per se.
  • FIG. 4 and 5 a front view of the magnet structure 12 is illustrated.
  • This magnet structure comprises three magnets 25, 26.
  • the central magnet 25 extends between the two rails 2 and the magnets 26 are outside the rails 2.
  • the region of the foundation both between and adjoining the rails 2 can be covered by the magnet structure 12.
  • the spray nozzles 13 are not above but next to the rails 2, namely in front of and behind the magnet structure 12 viewed in the direction of travel 20.
  • spray nozzles 13 Although six spray nozzles 13 are illustrated in Figures 3-5 , it is also possible to use fewer or more spray nozzles, depending on the practical results. It is also possible to use spray nozzles with wide exit apertures, so that the entire region of the foundation 3 under the magnet structure 12 can still be swirled up, if desired, using fewer of such spray nozzles.
  • the outer magnets 26 are designed to be folded up. These magnets 26 are attached to bearing arms 27 which, in turn, are fastened to the magnet 25 by means of hinges 28. Under the effect of hydraulic piston/cylinder devices 29, the magnets 26 can be folded up or folded out. In the folded-up position, the magnet structure 12 is so narrow that it is possible to pass rail sections along platforms and the like without problems.
  • the spray nozzles 13 are illustrated diagrammatically.
  • the ducts, such as flexible hoses, by means of which the pressurized fluid is supplied to the spray nozzles 13 from the compressor 14, are not illustrated for the sake of clarity.
  • the spray nozzles or jet nozzles 13 are arranged in such a manner that they face both sides of the adjacent rail, as indicated diagrammatically by the arrows.
  • This direction is also indicated in Fig. 4 , which figure also shows that the jets are directed at the core of the respective rails 2, that is to say the relatively narrow section just below the wide head and above the wide base. Abraded iron material which has collected there can therefore be swirled up in a reliable manner.
  • the jets which are directed in such a manner cause a swirl over the entire width of the railway line and, as has already been mentioned above, also outside the rails, in the width direction.
  • the distance between the, in the width direction outer, spray nozzles 13 is greater than the gauge.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Cleaning In General (AREA)
  • Vehicle Cleaning, Maintenance, Repair, Refitting, And Outriggers (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)

Claims (26)

  1. Verfahren zum Entfernen von Teilchenmaterial (7, 23) von einer Eisenbahnstrecke (1), die eine Bettung (3) und Schienen (2) aufweist, die im Hinblick auf die Bettung angehoben sind, wobei das Teilchenmaterial (7, 23) mindestens magnetisierbare Teilchen aufweist, z. B. Eisenmaterialabrieb (23) oder Stücke aus Eisenmaterialabrieb, wobei das Verfahren die Schritte aufweist:
    - Veranlassen, dass das Teilchenmaterial (7, 23) aufgrund einer Fluidströmung aufwirbelt,
    - Einwirkenlassen eines Magnetfelds auf das aufgewirbelte Teilchenmaterial (7, 23),
    - Veranlassen, dass das Teilchenmaterial (23) oder die Stücke aus Eisenmaterialabrieb an einem Magnet (12), der sich in einer Sammelposition befindet, unter der Wirkung des Magnetfelds haften,
    - Entfernen des Teilchenmaterials (7, 23) unter der Wirkung dieses Magnetfelds,
    - Bereitstellen der Fluidströmung sowohl auf jeder Seite der einen Schiene (2) als auch auf jeder Seite der anderen Schiene (2),
    gekennzeichnet durch:
    - periodisches Verlagern des Magneten (12) mit Teilchenmaterial (23) oder Stücken aus Eisenmaterialabrieb, die daran hängen, von der Sammelposition zu einem Behälter (19),
    - Aufheben oder Reduzieren des Magnetfelds zum Ablagern des Teilchenmaterials (23) oder der Stücke aus Eisenmaterialabrieb in einem Behälter (19),
    - Rückführen des Magneten (12) in die Sammelposition,
    - Wiederherstellen des Magnetfelds.
  2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, das den Schritt aufweist:
    - Bereitstellen des Magnetfelds sowohl auf jeder Seite der einen Schiene (2) als auch auf jeder Seite der anderen Schiene (2).
  3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, das die Schritte aufweist:
    - Bereitstellen von Fluidströmungen, die einen Abstand voneinander haben, in Längsrichtung der Eisenbahnstrecke (1),
    - Einschließen des Magnetfelds zwischen Fluidströmungen.
  4. Verfahren nach Anspruch 3, das den Schritt aufweist:
    - Richten der Fluidströmungen zueinander.
  5. Verfahren nach Anspruch 3 oder 4, das den Schritt aufweist:
    - Veranlassen, dass die Fluidströmungen miteinander kollidieren.
  6. Verfahren nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, das den Schritt aufweist:
    - Bereitstellen der Fluidströmung mit Hilfe von Sprühdüsen (13) auf jeder Seite der einen Schiene (2) und mit Hilfe von Sprühdüsen (13) auf jeder Seite der anderen Schiene (2).
  7. Verfahren nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, das die Schritte aufweist:
    - zunächst erfolgendes Veranlassen, dass das Teilchenmaterial (7, 23) aufwirbelt,
    - anschließendes Einwirkenlassen des Magnetfelds auf das aufgewirbelte Teilchenmaterial (7, 23).
  8. Verfahren nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, das die Schritte aufweist:
    - Veranlassen, dass das Teilchenmaterial (7, 23) aufwirbelt,
    - gleichzeitiges Einwirkenlassen des Magnetfelds auf das aufgewirbelte Teilchenmaterial (7, 23).
  9. Verfahren nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, das den Schritt aufweist:
    - Unterbrechen des Aufwirbelns des Teilchenmaterials (7, 23) während der periodischen Verlagerung des Magneten (12).
  10. Verfahren nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, das den Schritt aufweist:
    - Durchführen einer Verlagerung entlang der Eisenbahnstrecke (1), während das Teilchenmaterial (7, 23) oder die Stücke aus Eisenmaterialabrieb von der Eisenbahnstrecke (1) entfernt werden.
  11. Verfahren nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, das den Schritt aufweist:
    - Veranlassen, dass das Teilchenmaterial (7, 23) unter der Wirkung eines Luftwirbels aufwirbelt, der durch einen Luftstrahl (21) erzeugt wird.
  12. Verfahren nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, das den Schritt aufweist:
    - Aufsaugen von Teilchenmaterial.
  13. Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, die aufweist: einen Wagen (8), der entlang einer Eisenbahnstrecke (1) mit einer Spurweite beweglich ist, einen Magnetaufbau (12), eine Trägereinrichtung (11) zum Tragen des Magneten (12) in einer solchen Position im Hinblick auf die Eisenbahnstrecke (1), dass Teilchenmaterial (7, 23) oder Stücke aus Eisenmaterialabrieb, die sich auf dieser Eisenbahnstrecke (1) befinden, in dem durch den Magnetaufbau (12) erzeugten Magnetfeld liegen, und eine Fluidsprüheinrichtung (13, 14) zum Lösen des Teilchenmaterials (7, 23) von der Eisenbahnstrecke (1), wobei die Fluidsprüheinrichtung (13, 14) einen Sprühbereich hat, der eine Breite hat, die größer als die Spurweite ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine Überführungseinrichtung (16, 17) zum Überführen des Magnetaufbaus (12) zwischen der Position im Hinblick auf die Eisenbahnstrecke (1), so dass Teilchenmaterial (7) oder Stücke aus Eisenmaterialabrieb auf der Eisenbahnstrecke (1) in dem durch den Magnetaufbau (12) erzeugten Magnetfeld liegen, und einer Position im Hinblick auf einen Behälter (19) vorgesehen ist, so dass Teilchenmaterial oder Stücke aus Eisenmaterialabrieb, die am Magnetaufbau (12) haften, darin gesammelt werden können.
  14. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 13, wobei der Sprühbereich der Fluidsprüheinrichtung (13, 14) ein regelmäßiges oder kontinuierliches Muster hat.
  15. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 13 oder 14, wobei mehrere Sprühdüsen (13) mit einem maximalen Abstand zwischen ihnen vorgesehen sein können, der größer als die Spurweite ist.
  16. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 13 bis 15, wobei mindestens drei Sprühdüsen (13) vorgesehen sind, die in Breitenrichtung des Wagens (8) gleichmäßig verteilt sind.
  17. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 13 bis 16, wobei im Blick in Längsrichtung des Wagens (8) Sprühdüsen (13) auf jeder Seite des Magnetaufbaus (12) vorgesehen sind.
  18. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 13 bis 17, wobei der Magnetaufbau (12) so gestaltet ist, dass er für ein Magnetfeld sorgt, dessen Breite größer als die Spurweite ist.
  19. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 18, wobei der Magnetaufbau (12) drei Magnete (25, 26) aufweist, die in Breitenrichtung nebeneinander liegen und deren maximale Breite größer als die Spurweite ist.
  20. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 19, wobei die beiden äußeren Magnete (26) so gestaltet sind, dass sie eingeklappt werden.
  21. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 13 bis 20, wobei der gegenseitige Abstand zwischen den Sprühdüsen (13), die in Breitenrichtung am weitesten auseinander liegen, größer als die Spurweite ist.
  22. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 13 bis 21, wobei der Wagen (8) mit dem Behälter (19) zum Sammeln von Teilchenmaterial oder Stücken aus Eisenmaterialabrieb versehen ist, die am Magnet (12) haften.
  23. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 13 bis 22, wobei die Überführungseinrichtung ein Räderfahrzeug (16) aufweist, das mit einem hydraulischen Gelenkarm (17) versehen ist, wobei an diesem Arm (17) der Magnetaufbau (12) hängt.
  24. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 23, wobei der Wagen (8) mit dem Räderfahrzeug (16) gekoppelt ist.
  25. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 13 bis 24, wobei der Magnetaufbau (12) einen oder mehrere Elektromagnete aufweist.
  26. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 13 bis 25, wobei eine Saugvorrichtung zum Aufsaugen von Teilchenmaterial vorgesehen ist.
EP20070111925 2006-07-06 2007-07-06 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Entfernung eisenhaltiger Materialien von einer Schienenstrecke Active EP1876296B1 (de)

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NL2000129A NL2000129C2 (nl) 2006-07-06 2006-07-06 Werkwijze en inrichting voor het verwijderen van ijzerhoudend materiaal van een spoortraject.

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EP1876296B1 true EP1876296B1 (de) 2013-04-10

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108773387A (zh) * 2018-06-12 2018-11-09 苏州大成电子科技有限公司 用于轨道交通的金属异物清理装置
CN108773387B (zh) * 2018-06-12 2019-11-05 苏州大成电子科技有限公司 用于轨道交通的金属异物清理装置
WO2022170637A1 (zh) * 2021-02-15 2022-08-18 苏州优它科技有限公司 一种地铁金属异物清理机器人

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NL2000129C2 (nl) 2008-01-14
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