EP1752583B1 - Fraiseuse à rideau souterrain et procédé pour creuser des tranchées dans le sol - Google Patents

Fraiseuse à rideau souterrain et procédé pour creuser des tranchées dans le sol Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1752583B1
EP1752583B1 EP06024531A EP06024531A EP1752583B1 EP 1752583 B1 EP1752583 B1 EP 1752583B1 EP 06024531 A EP06024531 A EP 06024531A EP 06024531 A EP06024531 A EP 06024531A EP 1752583 B1 EP1752583 B1 EP 1752583B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
trench wall
trench
frame
cutter
guide rod
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP06024531A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1752583A2 (fr
EP1752583A3 (fr
Inventor
Maximilian Dipl.-Ing. Arzberger (Fh)
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Bauer Maschinen GmbH
Original Assignee
Bauer Maschinen GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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Application filed by Bauer Maschinen GmbH filed Critical Bauer Maschinen GmbH
Priority to SI200431025T priority Critical patent/SI1752583T1/sl
Publication of EP1752583A2 publication Critical patent/EP1752583A2/fr
Publication of EP1752583A3 publication Critical patent/EP1752583A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1752583B1 publication Critical patent/EP1752583B1/fr
Priority to CY20091100207T priority patent/CY1108828T1/el
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B10/00—Drill bits
    • E21B10/08—Roller bits
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
    • E02D17/13—Foundation slots or slits; Implements for making these slots or slits
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/18—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging wheels turning round an axis, e.g. bucket-type wheels
    • E02F3/20—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging wheels turning round an axis, e.g. bucket-type wheels with tools that only loosen the material, i.e. mill-type wheels
    • E02F3/205—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging wheels turning round an axis, e.g. bucket-type wheels with tools that only loosen the material, i.e. mill-type wheels with a pair of digging wheels, e.g. slotting machines

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a trench wall milling device according to the preamble of claim 1 and to a method for producing a trench wall in the floor according to the preamble of claim 8.
  • a trench wall cutter provided for this purpose has a frame and at least one cutting wheel arranged on the frame.
  • a trench wall milling device for producing a trench wall according to the method according to the preamble of claim 8 has a carrier device and a trench wall cutter, which is arranged substantially vertically adjustable on the carrier device.
  • a trench wall cutter and a method of manufacturing a trench wall are known from JP-A-09273150 known.
  • a miller with a box-shaped frame is sunk to a supporting rope hanging to form a slot in the ground.
  • To guide is an upper portion of the slot provided with guide walls, so as to specify an exact alignment of the box-shaped frame from the beginning.
  • Through a clearance at the end faces of the box-shaped frame milling cuttings and supplied liquid is conveyed past the frame in a rear region of the slot.
  • a second step can be introduced after the sinking of the slot to its final depth curable cement suspension in the field of cutting wheels and mixed by the rotating cutting wheels.
  • JP-A-07054334 From the JP-A-07054334 is a trench cutter with two lower cutting wheels and two upper mixing wheels known.
  • the sinking of the cutter is carried out by means of a winch due to the weight of the cutter, the router is performed with a Kelly bar.
  • a method for producing a slot wall in the bottom is from DE 195 30 827 C2 known.
  • a milling slot is excavated in a first phase and the resulting excavated soil of the milling slot promoted to overground.
  • the resulting milling slot is filled with a support suspension and supported so.
  • a second phase after sinking the Frässchlitzes a hardening suspension is introduced into the slot while displacing the support suspension.
  • the slot is supported from the beginning by a suspension which is prepared by mixing excavated soil material and a binder overground.
  • From the JP-A-08302670 is a method for producing a trench wall, in which the ground crushed by means of cutting wheels and the crushed soil material is conveyed together with supporting liquid via a pipe to the outside to a processing plant. After separation of coarse material, the liquid is returned to the slot and mixed via separate mixing wheels on the miller.
  • the mill is mounted on a carrier which is constructed of H-shaped cross-section segments. The carrier with the cutter is suspended on a carrying rope. To guide the cutter in the upper area is above the slot a
  • Guide frame construction provided with guide walls.
  • Object of the present invention is to provide a Schlitzwandfräsvortechnisch and a method for producing a slot wall in the ground, with which a slot wall can be produced as efficiently as possible.
  • the cleared soil material is promoted by the cutting wheels in a rear portion of the Frässchlitzes that the cleared soil material is mixed in the milling slot with the settable liquid, and that the cleared soil material at least partially in the milling slot to form the Slit wall is left.
  • a basic idea of the invention is to mix the soil material cleared away from the cutting wheels in the milling slot by the action of the cutting wheels with the settable liquid so to speak "in situ” and thereby to produce a hardening liquid-soil mixture. This eliminates the need to elaborate the entire cleared soil material by pumping equipment consuming to overground.
  • the cleared soil material is conveyed according to the invention of the cutting wheels in a rear region of the Frässchlitzes. The rear region is an area which is formed in the milling slot above the frame.
  • the mixed with the liquid, cleared soil material is at least partially left in the milling slot, where it can harden to form the slot wall.
  • a discharge device can be provided on the trench wall cutter or surface at the edge of the trimming slot.
  • the cutting wheels In principle, it is possible to drive the cutting wheels uniformly when drilling the Frässchlitzes. However, a particularly good milling effect and / or a particularly good mixing of the soil material with the settable liquid can be achieved by reversibly driving the cutting threads. By a temporary reversal of the direction of rotation of the cutting wheels are formed in the soil material turbulence, which for a particularly good mixing provide with the settable liquid.
  • the cutting wheels are driven evenly when pulling the trench wall cutter from the Frässchlitz uniformly or reversibly, which can significantly reduce the force required for pulling force and additional mixing of the cleared soil material is achieved with the settable liquid.
  • the trench wall cutter can be moved uniformly in the ground. It is particularly advantageous, however, that the trench wall cutter is at least temporarily offset in an alternating upward / downward movement. As a result, a particularly good mixing of the removed soil material with the settable liquid is achieved.
  • the stroke of this alternating upward / downward movement can be significantly less than the total height of the slot. It may in particular be of the order of the diameter of the cutting wheels.
  • Such alternating at least temporarily performed upward and downward movement can be achieved by the trench wall cutter is lifted by a construction equipment and then discharged again. An alternating upward / downward movement can be carried out both when sinking the Frässchlitzes and when pulling the trench wall cutter from the finished Frässchlitz.
  • a trench wall cutter is characterized in that the cross section of the frame is smaller than the cross section of the trimming slot to form a clearance through which cleared soil material from the cutting wheels on the frame over in a rear portion of the trimming slot is conveyed.
  • a basic idea of the trench wall cutting device is to form a free space next to the frame, through which cleared soil material and suspension when producing the trimming slot and / or when pulling out the trench wall cutter from the finished trimming slot as unhindered as possible can flow past the frame of the trench wall cutter.
  • This allows a particularly fast and energy-saving milling with a simultaneous efficient mixing effect.
  • the cross section of the frame perpendicular to the direction of advance of the trench wall cutter never completely covers the trimming slot. This can be achieved in that the peripheral dimensions of the cross section of the frame are smaller than the inner dimensions of the Frässchlitzes. Such an arrangement allows a passage of cleared soil material past the frame in the direction opposite to a direction of movement of the frame.
  • a plurality of cutting wheels are provided in any number, which have parallel axes of rotation.
  • An embodiment of the invention has four cutting wheels, of which two are arranged in pairs rotatable about the same axis of rotation.
  • a cross section of the milling slot is preferably rectangular.
  • the cutting wheels have a suitable for a reversing rotary movement Fräs leopardan ever.
  • a Fräs leopardan angel can clear pending soil material in a rotation of the cutting wheels both clockwise and counterclockwise. This allows a particularly good mixing of the soil material with a simultaneously high rate of degradation.
  • a feed device for feeding a liquid, in particular a settable liquid, into the milling slot at an arbitrary position in the milling slot.
  • a feed device is arranged on the frame.
  • a particularly good mixing of the cleared soil material with the liquid is achieved.
  • a slot wall milling device is characterized in that the slot wall cutter is displaceably guided on the carrier device by means of a linear guide device.
  • the trench wall cutter is guided not on the wall of the trimming slot but on a carrier device spaced apart from the trench wall cutter.
  • the guide takes place in particular in a direction parallel to the direction of advance of the trench wall cutter direction.
  • the linear guide device has a guide rod, in particular a telescopic rod, on which the trench wall cutter is mounted.
  • a guide rod allows a particularly good lateral guidance of the trench wall cutter.
  • it also allows a transmission of an axial force directed in the advancing direction from the carrier device to the trench wall cutter, whereby a particularly fast propulsion of the trench wall cutter can be achieved during drilling.
  • the trench wall cutter can also be designed such that it mills into the ground only when its cutting wheels are rotating due to its own weight.
  • the diameter of the guide rod is preferably dimensioned to be smaller than the diameter of the cross section of the frame.
  • the guide rod preferably has a substantially rectangular or substantially circular cross-section.
  • a particularly preferred slot wall milling device is further characterized in that the linear guide device has a guide sleeve arranged on the carrier device, through which the guide rod is guided.
  • a guide sleeve can surround the guide rod wholly or partially in the circumferential direction.
  • projections and / or depressions may be formed, which engage with corresponding recesses and / or projections on the guide rod and thus ensure a rotationally fixed guidance of the guide rod.
  • an actuator in particular a cable pull mechanism, is provided for the vertical movement of the guide rod on the carrier device.
  • Such an actuator is in addition to pulling out the trench wall cutter from the Frässchlitz also designed to transmit an axial force in the advancing direction of the trench wall cutter on the trench wall cutter.
  • the actuator may be configured to allow alternating up / down movement of the trench wall cutter. Possible embodiments of the actuator include a rack and pinion mechanism or a hydraulic mechanism.
  • the slot wall milling device according to the invention has the previously described trench wall cutter.
  • the method according to the invention can be carried out.
  • FIG. 1 and 2 show front views of two different embodiments according to the invention trench wall milling 10.
  • a running as a support plate frame 20 are two cutting wheels 12, 12 'rotatably mounted.
  • the cutting wheels 12, 12 ' are formed directly adjacent to each other with parallel axes of rotation.
  • a housed and designed in the form of hydraulic motors drive 15, 15 ' is mounted on the frame 20 and with the cutting wheels 12, 12' operatively connected.
  • a guide rod 33 On the cutting wheels 12, 12 'facing away from the sides of the frame 20, this is attached to a guide rod 33.
  • the guide rod 33 is an approximate circular cross section. Laterally on the guide rod 33 projections 35 are formed, which serve for the rotationally fixed guidance of the guide rod 33 in the guide sleeve 34.
  • supply lines 40 are arranged for hydraulic fluid.
  • feed line feed device 41 is formed for a liquid. As in Fig. 2 1, the feed device 41 designed as a feed line passes through the frame 20 and ends between the cutting wheels 12, 12 '.
  • the cutting teeth 13 are arranged for an opposite operation of the cutting wheels. It is provided that the in Fig. 2 Milling wheel 12 shown on the left in the clockwise direction, the cutting wheel 12 'shown on the right is to be rotated counterclockwise. As a result, suspension in the central region is sucked through the cutting wheels 12, 12 ', while the milled soil material is conveyed together with suspension on the outer sides upwards.
  • On the periphery of the cutting wheels 12, 12 'also known laterally pivotable folding teeth 14 are arranged, which clear the bottom below the transmission plate.
  • the Fig. 4 to 7 show a Schlitzwandfräsvortechnisch invention.
  • the trench wall milling device has a carrier device 30 embodied as a crawler-driven construction vehicle.
  • a mast 31 is mounted on which in turn at two attachment points, a guide sleeve 34 is attached.
  • a cable pull mechanism 37 ( Fig. 4 ) or a displacement device 38 (FIG. Fig. 5 ) are provided for vertical movement of the guide rod 33.
  • Supply lines 40 for hydraulic fluid and a supply line 41 for a settable liquid formed as a supply line occur at the upper end of the guide rod 33 thereof out.
  • the trench wall cutter 10 rests with its frame directly against the guide sleeve 34.
  • the frame 20 of the trench wall cutter 10 is designed so that when sinking ( Fig. 7 ) creates a space 6 between the frame 20 and a wall of the Frässchlitzes 3. This clearance 6 allows the passage of cleared soil material past the frame 20 in a rear region 4 of the Frässchlitzes 3, which is located above the trench wall cutter 10.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Bulkheads Adapted To Foundation Construction (AREA)
  • Pit Excavations, Shoring, Fill Or Stabilisation Of Slopes (AREA)
  • Placing Or Removing Of Piles Or Sheet Piles, Or Accessories Thereof (AREA)
  • Processing Of Stones Or Stones Resemblance Materials (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)
  • Crushing And Grinding (AREA)
  • Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
  • Road Repair (AREA)
  • Perforating, Stamping-Out Or Severing By Means Other Than Cutting (AREA)

Claims (9)

  1. Dispositif de fraisage (1) pour paroi moulée pour la réalisation d'une paroi moulée, avec
    - une fraise (10) pour paroi moulée pour le creusement d'une fente fraisée,
    - qui comprend un châssis (20) et deux paires de roues de fraisage (12, 12') qui sont placées sur une zone d'extrémité inférieure du châssis (20),
    - dans laquelle la section du châssis (20) est plus petite que la section de la fente fraisée (3) en formant un espace libre (6) à travers lequel le matériau du sol évacué peut être transporté par les deux paires de roues de fraisage (12, 12') de manière ciblée en passant devant le châssis (20) jusqu'à une zone arrière (4) de la fente fraisée (3), et
    - un engin porteur (30) sur lequel la fraise (10) pour paroi moulée est montée de manière mobile pour l'essentiel verticalement,
    - dans lequel la fraise (10) pour paroi moulée est guidée mobile sur l'engin porteur (30) au moyen d'un dispositif de guidage linéaire, qui comprend une tige de guidage (33) sur laquelle est montée la fraise (10) pour paroi moulée,
    caractérisé en ce que
    - sur l'engin porteur (30) est prévu un entraînement pour le déplacement vertical de la tige de guidage (33), une force axiale dirigée dans la direction de progression pouvant être transmise depuis l'engin porteur (30) sur la fraise (10) pour paroi moulée par la tige de guidage (33) pendant le creusement.
  2. Dispositif de fraisage (1) pour paroi moulée selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu' un dispositif d'alimentation (41) est placé sur le châssis (29) pour introduire un liquide dans la fente fraisée (3).
  3. Dispositif de fraisage (1) pour paroi moulée selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que les roues de fraisage (12, 12') comprennent un ensemble de dents de fraise convenant pour un mouvement de rotation alterné.
  4. Dispositif de fraisage (1) pour paroi moulée selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé
    en ce que le châssis (20) est réalisé tabulaire et
    en ce qu'à l'extrémité supérieure du châssis (20) est placée la tige de guidage (33).
  5. Dispositif de fraisage (1) pour paroi moulée selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que la tige de guidage (33) est conformée en tige télescopique.
  6. Dispositif de fraisage (1) pour paroi moulée selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de guidage linéaire comprend une douille de guidage (34) placée sur l'engin porteur (30) et à travers laquelle passe la tige de guidage (33).
  7. Dispositif de fraisage (1) pour paroi moulée selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que l'entraînement présente un mécanisme à crémaillère, un mécanisme hydraulique ou un mécanisme (37) à câble de traction.
  8. Dispositif pour réaliser une paroi moulée dans le sol avec un dispositif de fraisage (1) pour paroi moulée selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7, dans lequel
    - les roues de fraisage (12, 12') placées sur le châssis (20) de la fraise (10) pour paroi moulée sont mises en mouvement de rotation par un entraînement (15, 15'),
    - la fraise (10) pour paroi moulée est descendue dans le sol avec le châssis (20), le matériau du sol présent sous les roues de fraisage (12, 12') étant extrait et une fente fraisée (3) étant réalisée, et
    - la fraise (10) pour paroi moulée est guidée mobile sur un engin porteur (30) au moyen d'un dispositif de guidage linéaire qui comprend une tige de guidage (33), sur laquelle est montée la fraise (10) pour paroi moulée,
    - la tige de guidage (33) est déplacée verticalement avec un entraînement sur l'en gin porteur (30), une force axiale orientée dans la direction de progression étant transmise depuis l'engin porteur (30) sur la fraise (10) pour paroi moulée par la tige de guidage (33) pendant le creusement,
    - la fente fraisée (3) est comblée avec un liquide durcissable,
    dans lequel
    - le liquide durcissable est introduit dans la fente fraisée (3),
    - le matériau du sol extrait est transporté par les roues de fraisage (12, 12') de manière ciblée vers une zone arrière (4) de la fente fraisée (3),
    - le matériau du sol extrait est mélangé au liquide durcissable dans la fente fraisée (3), et
    - le matériau du sol extrait est laissé au moins en partie dans la fente fraisée (3) our former la paroi moulée.
  9. Procédé de réalisation d'une paroi moulée selon la revendication 8,
    caractérisé en ce que les roues de fraisage (12, 12') sont entraînées de manière alternée.
EP06024531A 2003-02-27 2004-01-15 Fraiseuse à rideau souterrain et procédé pour creuser des tranchées dans le sol Expired - Lifetime EP1752583B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SI200431025T SI1752583T1 (sl) 2003-02-27 2004-01-15 Stroj za izdelavo stene jarka in postopek za gradnjo membranske stene v tleh
CY20091100207T CY1108828T1 (el) 2003-02-27 2009-02-25 Μηχανισμος κοπης τοιχωματων ορυγματος και μεθοδος για την κατασκευη ενος διαφραγματικου τοιχου στο εδαφος

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10308538.6A DE10308538C5 (de) 2003-02-27 2003-02-27 Verfahren zum Herstellen einer Schlitzwand im Boden, Schlitzwandfräse und Schlitzwandfräsvorrichtung
EP04000766.8A EP1452645B2 (fr) 2003-02-27 2004-01-15 Procédé pour creuser des tranchées dans le sol et fraiseuse à rideau souterrain

Related Parent Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP04000766.8A Division EP1452645B2 (fr) 2003-02-27 2004-01-15 Procédé pour creuser des tranchées dans le sol et fraiseuse à rideau souterrain

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1752583A2 EP1752583A2 (fr) 2007-02-14
EP1752583A3 EP1752583A3 (fr) 2008-04-02
EP1752583B1 true EP1752583B1 (fr) 2008-12-03

Family

ID=32748085

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP04000766.8A Expired - Lifetime EP1452645B2 (fr) 2003-02-27 2004-01-15 Procédé pour creuser des tranchées dans le sol et fraiseuse à rideau souterrain
EP06024531A Expired - Lifetime EP1752583B1 (fr) 2003-02-27 2004-01-15 Fraiseuse à rideau souterrain et procédé pour creuser des tranchées dans le sol

Family Applications Before (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP04000766.8A Expired - Lifetime EP1452645B2 (fr) 2003-02-27 2004-01-15 Procédé pour creuser des tranchées dans le sol et fraiseuse à rideau souterrain

Country Status (17)

Country Link
US (2) US7152346B2 (fr)
EP (2) EP1452645B2 (fr)
JP (1) JP3761889B2 (fr)
KR (1) KR100572023B1 (fr)
CN (2) CN1282805C (fr)
AT (2) ATE373144T1 (fr)
CA (1) CA2457229C (fr)
CY (1) CY1108828T1 (fr)
DE (3) DE10308538C5 (fr)
DK (1) DK1752583T3 (fr)
ES (2) ES2293103T5 (fr)
HK (2) HK1067393A1 (fr)
PL (1) PL209264B1 (fr)
PT (2) PT1752583E (fr)
RU (1) RU2275469C2 (fr)
SG (1) SG127712A1 (fr)
SI (2) SI1452645T2 (fr)

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SI1452645T2 (sl) 2013-06-28
RU2275469C2 (ru) 2006-04-27
SI1452645T1 (sl) 2008-02-29
CN1928262B (zh) 2011-06-08
ES2293103T3 (es) 2008-03-16
CA2457229A1 (fr) 2004-08-27
CN1282805C (zh) 2006-11-01
HK1099063A1 (en) 2007-08-03
SG127712A1 (en) 2006-12-29
DE10308538A1 (de) 2004-09-16
EP1452645A1 (fr) 2004-09-01
US20040234345A1 (en) 2004-11-25
HK1067393A1 (en) 2005-04-08
PT1452645E (pt) 2007-10-10
ES2318653T3 (es) 2009-05-01
ATE373144T1 (de) 2007-09-15
US20070044347A1 (en) 2007-03-01
ATE416277T1 (de) 2008-12-15
PL209264B1 (pl) 2011-08-31
DE502004004919D1 (de) 2007-10-25
DE10308538B4 (de) 2005-02-17
CN1928262A (zh) 2007-03-14
PL365277A1 (en) 2004-09-06
PT1752583E (pt) 2009-02-06
CN1525016A (zh) 2004-09-01
EP1452645B2 (fr) 2013-05-01
EP1452645B1 (fr) 2007-09-12
ES2293103T5 (es) 2013-07-23
KR100572023B1 (ko) 2006-04-18
US7152346B2 (en) 2006-12-26
CA2457229C (fr) 2008-01-15
DK1752583T3 (da) 2009-03-23
DE502004008606D1 (de) 2009-01-15
EP1752583A2 (fr) 2007-02-14
RU2004103799A (ru) 2005-07-27
US7356947B2 (en) 2008-04-15
JP3761889B2 (ja) 2006-03-29
EP1752583A3 (fr) 2008-04-02
JP2004257234A (ja) 2004-09-16
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KR20040077547A (ko) 2004-09-04
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