EP1729403A2 - Dispositif d'entraînement - Google Patents

Dispositif d'entraînement Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1729403A2
EP1729403A2 EP06252709A EP06252709A EP1729403A2 EP 1729403 A2 EP1729403 A2 EP 1729403A2 EP 06252709 A EP06252709 A EP 06252709A EP 06252709 A EP06252709 A EP 06252709A EP 1729403 A2 EP1729403 A2 EP 1729403A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
magnet
magnetic
yoke
coil
magnetized
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP06252709A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1729403B1 (fr
EP1729403A3 (fr
Inventor
Chikara C/O Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Aoshima
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Canon Inc
Original Assignee
Canon Inc
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Canon Inc filed Critical Canon Inc
Publication of EP1729403A2 publication Critical patent/EP1729403A2/fr
Publication of EP1729403A3 publication Critical patent/EP1729403A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1729403B1 publication Critical patent/EP1729403B1/fr
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K37/00—Motors with rotor rotating step by step and without interrupter or commutator driven by the rotor, e.g. stepping motors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K37/00—Motors with rotor rotating step by step and without interrupter or commutator driven by the rotor, e.g. stepping motors
    • H02K37/10—Motors with rotor rotating step by step and without interrupter or commutator driven by the rotor, e.g. stepping motors of permanent magnet type
    • H02K37/12—Motors with rotor rotating step by step and without interrupter or commutator driven by the rotor, e.g. stepping motors of permanent magnet type with stationary armatures and rotating magnets
    • H02K37/125—Magnet axially facing armature
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K23/00—DC commutator motors or generators having mechanical commutator; Universal AC/DC commutator motors
    • H02K23/54—Disc armature motors or generators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K26/00—Machines adapted to function as torque motors, i.e. to exert a torque when stalled

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a driving device to be applied to a thin-disc-shaped stepping motor or actuator.
  • Fig. 16 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the internal configuration of a stepping motor according to a known example.
  • a stator coil 105 is wound around a bobbin 101 concentrically, and the bobbin 101 is sandwiched and fixed with two stator yokes 106 from the shaft direction.
  • stator yoke 106 stator gear teeth 106a and 106b are alternately disposed in the circumferential direction of the inside diameter surface of the bobbin 101.
  • a stator 102 is configured in a case 103 by the stator yoke 106 integrated with the stator gear tooth 106a or 106b being fixed.
  • a rotor 109 is made up of a rotor magnet 111 fixed to a rotor shaft 110.
  • the rotor magnet 111 makes up an air gap portion in a radial pattern together with the stator yoke 106 of the stator 102.
  • the rotor shaft 110 is supported between the two shaft bearings 108 so as to be rotated.
  • the photographing lens upon attempting to subject a photographing lens to downsizing and reduction in shaft length, the photographing lens needs to be positioned before and after the shutter or diaphragm adjustment mechanism. Accordingly, thinning in the light path i.e. axial direction of the shutter or diaphragm adjustment mechanism is desired as well as high-outputting of a motor.
  • the case 103, bobbin 101, stator coil 105, and stator yoke 106 are disposed concentrically on the outer circumference of the rotor 109. Accordingly, this provides a disadvantage wherein the outer dimension of the stepping motor becomes large. Also, the magnetic flux generated by electric power being supplied to the stator coil 105 principally passes through the end surface 106a1 of the stator gear tooth 106a and the end surface 106b1 of the stator gear tooth 106b, as shown in Fig. 17. Accordingly, the magnetic flux does not act upon the rotor magnet 111 effectively, resulting in a disadvantage wherein the output power of the stepping motor is low.
  • a stator coil and a stator yoke are disposed on the outer circumference of a rotor magnet. Accordingly, the outer dimension of the motor becomes great, and also the magnetic flux generated by electric power being supplied to the stator coil does not act upon the rotor magnet effectively.
  • a camera employs a mechanism for driving a diaphragm blade, shutter, photographing lens, or the like using a motor.
  • a type of motor such as shown in Fig. 16 is disposed so as to be parallel to the light axis within the lens barrel of a camera, and it is attempted to be used for driving a diaphragm blade, shutter, photographing lens, or the like, this type of motor has a solid cylindrical shape, the following problems may be encountered.
  • Fig. 18 is a perspective view illustrating the configuration of a known brushless motor
  • Fig. 19 is a cross sectional view illustrating the internal configuration of the same brushless motor.
  • the brushless motor comprises multiple coils 301, 302, and 303, a disc-shaped magnet 304, and so forth.
  • the coils 301 through 303 have a thin coin shape, and the axis thereof is disposed in parallel with the axis of the magnet 304.
  • the magnet 304 is magnetized in the shaft direction of the disc, and the magnetized surface and the axes of the coils 301 through 303 are disposed so as to face the magnet 304.
  • the coils 301 through 303 and the magnet 304 are disposed so as to be overlapped in the parallel direction as to the rotating shaft. Accordingly, in the event of employing this motor as a shutter or a diaphragm adjustment mechanism, the dimension in the light axial direction of the motor is long, so it is difficult to dispose the photographing lens near the diaphragm blade or shutter blade.
  • the present applicant has proposed a motor such as the following to solve such problems (see Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2003-219623 ( USP No. 6,897,579 ), for example).
  • This motor comprises a magnet, first and second coils, and first through fourth magnetic-pole portions.
  • the magnet is formed in a hollow disc shape, and is made up of a first flat surface orthogonal to a center virtual shaft, a second flat surface orthogonal to the virtual shaft, an outer circumferential surface, and an inner circumferential surface. Also, the magnet is retained so as to be rotated with the center thereof serving as a rotational center, and also at least a surface perpendicular to the rotational center virtual shaft is divided in the angular direction (circumferential direction) centered on the virtual shaft to be magnetized to a different polarity alternately.
  • the first coil is disposed outside of the outer circumferential surface of the magnet, and the second coil is disposed inside of the inner circumferential surface of the magnet.
  • the magnet is retained so as to be rotated with the center thereof serving as a rotational center, and also at least a surface perpendicular to the rotational center virtual shaft is divided in the angular direction (circumferential direction) centered on the virtual shaft to be magnetized to a different polarity alternately.
  • the coil is disposed outside of the outer circumferential surface of the magnet.
  • the first magnetic-pole portion faces one of the surfaces perpendicular to the virtual shaft of the rotational center of the magnet with a predetermined gap, and is magnetized by the coil.
  • the second magnetic-pole portion faces the other surface perpendicular to the virtual shaft of the rotational center of the magnet with a predetermined gap, and is magnetized by the coil.
  • a coil is disposed on the inner circumferential side of a magnet as an actuator similar to the actuator described in the above Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2004-45682 ( USP No. 6,781,772 ).
  • This actuator comprises a magnet, a coil, and first and second magnetic-pole portions.
  • the magnet is formed in a hollow disc shape, and is made up of a first flat surface orthogonal to a center virtual shaft, a second flat surface orthogonal to the virtual shaft, an outer circumferential surface, and an inner circumferential surface.
  • the motor of the above first past example is a rotating member serving as output means, i.e., the magnet faces the first through fourth magnetic-pole portions with a gap.
  • the thickness in the shaft direction of the motor is the dimension of sum of at least the first magnetic-pole portion, the gap between the magnet and the first magnetic-pole portion, the magnet, the gap between the magnet and the second magnetic-pole portion, and the second magnetic-pole portion. Or else, this is the dimension of sum of the third magnetic-pole portion, the gap between the magnet and the third magnetic-pole portion, the magnet, the gap between the magnet and the fourth magnetic-pole portion, and the fourth magnetic-pole portion.
  • the actuator of the above second past example is also a rotating member serving as output means, i.e., the magnet faces the first and second magnetic-pole portions with a gap. Accordingly, the thickness in the shaft direction of the motor is the dimension of sum of at least the first magnetic-pole portion, the gap between the magnet and the first magnetic-pole portion, the magnet, the gap between the magnet and the second magnetic-pole portion, and the second magnetic-pole portion.
  • the present invention provides an easy-to-assemble low-cost driving device having a thin shape wherein the dimension in the shaft direction is very small, and high output wherein torque loss due to friction is small.
  • the above configurations can provide an easy-to-assemble low-cost driving device having a thin shape wherein the dimension in the shaft direction is very small, and high output wherein torque loss due to friction is small.
  • Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the internal configuration in the shaft direction in an assembled state of the stepping motor shown in Fig. 1.
  • Fig. 3 is a diagram for describing the rotational action of the magnet.
  • Fig. 4 is a diagram for describing the rotational action of the magnet.
  • Fig. 5 is a diagram for describing the rotational action of the magnet.
  • Fig. 6 is a diagram for describing the rotational action of the magnet.
  • Fig. 7 is an exploded perspective view illustrating the configuration of an actuator serving as a driving device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 8 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the internal configuration in the shaft direction in an assembled state of the actuator shown in Fig. 7.
  • Fig. 9 is a diagram for describing the rotational action of a magnet.
  • Fig. 14 is a diagram for describing the rotational action of a magnet.
  • Fig. 15 is a diagram for describing the rotational action of the magnet.
  • Fig. 17 is a diagram illustrating the magnetic flux generated by electric power being supplied to the stator coil of the stepping motor shown in Fig. 16.
  • Fig. 19 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the internal configuration of the brushless motor shown in Fig. 18.
  • the stepping motor and driving device according to the present invention are as shown in the following first through third embodiments.
  • the stepping motor includes a magnet 1, a first coil 2, a first bobbin 3, a second coil 4, a second bobbin 5, a first yoke 7, a rotating yoke 8, a second yoke 9, a base 11, and a shaft bearing 12.
  • the rotating yoke 8 is formed of a soft magnetic material, and comprises a disc flat surface portion 8a, and a shaft 8b.
  • the rotating yoke 8 is supported with a shaft bearing 12 so as to be rotated integrally with the magnet 1 as well as the surface 1f of the magnet 1 being firmly fixed to the disc flat surface portion 8a.
  • the portions facing the first magnetic-pole portions 7a through 7e of the first yoke 7 are magnetized to the reverse polarities of the first magnetic-pole portions 7a through 7e by electric power being supplied to the first coil 2.
  • these portions are referred to as a 3-1st magnetic-pole portion.
  • the portions facing the second magnetic-pole portions 9a through 9e of the second yoke are magnetized to the reverse polarities of the second magnetic-pole portions 9a through 9e by electric power being supplied to the second coil 4.
  • these portions are referred to as a 3-2nd magnetic-pole portion.
  • the phase where the first magnetic-pole portions 7a through 7e face the magnetized portion 1e of the magnet 1 and the phase where the second magnetic-pole portions 9a through 9e face the magnetized portion 1e of the magnet 1 are set in a state shifted by (180 / N) degrees (18 degrees in the present embodiment).
  • the shift bearing 12 is fitted and fixed to the inside diameter portion 9g of the second yoke 9, and retains the shaft 8b of the rotating yoke 8 so as to be rotated.
  • the first yoke 7 and the rotating yoke 8 are configured so as to be magnetically coupled at the reverse side positions of the respective magnetic-pole portions, i.e., between the cylindrical portion 7f section of the first yoke 7 and the outermost diameter portion 8f section of the rotating yoke 8 which cover the outside diameter portion of the first coil 2 with a small gap L1 (see Fig. 2) being provided in the radial direction.
  • the first magnetic circuit is, so to speak, a magnetic circuit which is stable without receiving the influence due to wobbling caused by the tilt as to the shaft direction.
  • magnetization is made so as to set the first magnetic-pole portions 7a through 7e of the first yoke 7 to the south polarity, and the 3-1st magnetic-pole portion of the rotating yoke 8 to the north polarity by inverting the electric power supply to the first coil 2.
  • the magnet 1 further rotates 18 degrees in the counterclockwise direction, and becomes the state shown in Fig. 5.
  • the stepping motor according to the present embodiment provides the following advantages by using the above configuration.
  • the third magnetic-pole portion of the rotating yoke 8 serves as back metal, and the permeance coefficient of the magnetic circuit is set high. Thus, magnetic deterioration due to demagnetization can be reduced even in the event of employing the present stepping motor under a high-temperature environment.
  • the first yoke 7 and the rotating yoke 8 are magnetically coupled between the cylindrical portion 7f section of the first yoke 7 and the outermost diameter portion 8f section of the rotating yoke 8 with a small gap L1 being provided in the radial direction.
  • the rotating yoke 8 can retain a suitable rotational state without abutting the first yoke 7, and also can form a stable magnetic circuit.
  • the coil 2 is wound around the bobbin 3.
  • the coil 2 is disposed in the position overlapped in the direction perpendicular to the virtual shaft outside of the outer circumferential surface of the magnet 1 so as to have the same concentricity as the magnet 1.
  • the coil 2 may be disposed in the direction perpendicular to the shaft direction of the magnet 1 on the inside of the inner circumferential surface of the magnet 1 so as to have the same concentricity as the magnet 1.
  • the shaft bearing 12 which is stored on the inside diameter side of the magnet 1 and also fitted and fixed to the inside diameter portion of the base 13, retains the shaft 18b of the rotating yoke 18 so as to be rotated.
  • the yoke 7 and the rotating yoke 18 are magnetically coupled at the reverse side positions of the respective magnetic-pole portions, i.e., between the cylindrical portion 7f section of the yoke 7 and the outermost diameter portion 18f section of the rotating yoke 18 which cover the outside diameter portion of the coil 2 with a small gap L1 being provided in the radial direction.
  • a magnetic circuit which is stable without influence due to wobbling caused by the tilt as to the shaft direction can be provided.
  • the actuator according to the present embodiment having the above configuration is the most appropriate configuration to realize high-output and also microminiaturization.
  • the actuator according to the present embodiment provides the following advantages by using the above configuration.
  • the magnetic flux generated by electric power being supplied to the coil 2 traverses the magnet 1 present between the first magnetic-pole portions 7a through 7e of the yoke 7 and the second magnetic-pole portion of the rotating yoke 18, so acts effectively.
  • the coil 2 is disposed in a position overlapped in the direction parallel to the virtual shaft outside of the outer circumferential surface of the magnet 1 so as to have the same concentricity as the magnet 1.
  • the first magnetic-pole portions 7a through 7e of the yoke 7 are formed in a tooth shape extending in the radial direction.
  • the length in the shaft direction of the present actuator is determined with the dimension of the sum of the first magnetic-pole portions 7a through 7e of the yoke 7, the gap between the magnet 1 and the first magnetic-pole portions 7a through 7e, the magnet 1, and the second magnetic-pole portion of the rotating yoke 18.
  • the actuator according to the present embodiment is thinner than the above second past example ( Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2004-45682 ( USP No. 6,781,772 )) and the above third past example by the dimension of the gap between the magnet 1 and the second magnetic-pole portion.
  • the second magnetic-pole portion of the rotating yoke 18 made up of a soft magnetic material is fixed to the surface 1f perpendicular to the virtual shaft of the rotational center of the magnet 1, so the mechanical integrity of the magnet 1 increases.
  • the magnet 1 even in a thin toric shape can be prevented from cracking.
  • the second magnetic-pole portion of the rotating yoke 18 serves as back metal, and the permeance coefficient of the magnetic circuit is set high. Thus, magnetic deterioration due to demagnetization can be reduced even in the event of employing the present actuator in a high-temperature environment.
  • the rotating yoke 18 is retained at the small-diameter shaft 18b by the shaft bearing 12 so as to be rotated, so the shaft support configuration is smaller than the above third past example, whereby the torque loss due to friction can be reduced.
  • the rotating yoke 18 is employed as an output member for extracting rotational output without any modification, so parts for extracting rotational output are unnecessary, and consequently the number of parts and cost can be reduced.
  • Fig. 9 shows a state in which the dowel 1c of the magnet 1 abuts one of the end surfaces of the slot 13d in the base 13, and rotation in the counterclockwise direction is restricted.
  • Fig. 10 shows a state in which the dowel 1c of the magnet 1 abuts the other end surface of the slot 13d of the base 13, and rotation in the clockwise direction is restricted.
  • the rotational position of the magnet 1 shown in Fig. 9 differs by ⁇ degrees from the rotational position of the magnet 1 shown in Fig. 10.
  • Fig. 11 illustrates the situation of cogging torque. That is to say, Fig. 11 illustrates a situation in which the rotational position of the magnet 1, and the magnet 1 is sucked in by the first magnetic-pole portions 7a through 7e of the yoke 7 when no electric power is supplied to the coil 2.
  • the vertical axis in Fig. 11 represents the magnetic force generated between the magnet 1 and the yoke 7, which affects the magnet 1, and the horizontal axis in Fig. 11 represents the rotational phase of the magnet 1.
  • points E1 and E2 upon the magnet 1 attempting to perform positive rotation, negative force acts thereupon to return to the original position, and upon the magnet 1 attempting to perform counter-rotation, positive force acts thereupon to return to the original position. That is to say, the points E1 and E2 are cogging positions where the magnet 1 is positioned at the point E1 or E2 in a stable manner by the magnetic force between the magnet 1 and the magnetic-pole portions 7a through 7e of the yoke 7.
  • Points F1, F2, and F3 are stopping positions in an unstable balanced state in which upon the phase of the magnet 1 deviating from a normal position, rotating force acts upon the position of the forward or backward point E1 or E2 of the magnet 1.
  • the magnet 1 In a state in which no electric power is supplied to the coil 2, the magnet 1 does not stop at the point F1, F2, or F3 by vibration or change in attitude, but stops at the position of the point E1 or E2.
  • the size of the first magnetic-pole portions 7a through 7e is set such that the center of a pole of the magnet 1 stops at the position facing the center of the first magnetic-pole portions 7a through 7e of the yoke 7 in a stable manner.
  • the first magnetic-pole portions 7a through 7e are magnetized by electric power being supplied to the coil 2 from this state, no rotating force is generated at the magnet 1.
  • the state shown in Fig. 10 is the point H in Fig. 11, so the magnet 1 retains this position in a stable manner by the holding force (cogging torque) T1 as described above.
  • the magnet 1 Upon electric power supply to the coil 2 being inverted from the state shown in Fig. 10, the first magnetic-pole portions 7a through 7e of the yoke 7 being magnetized to the north polarity, and the magnet 1 being rotated in the counterclockwise direction, the magnet 1 returns to the state shown in Fig. 9.
  • the present embodiment can provide an easy-to-assemble low-cost actuator having a thin shape wherein the dimension in the shaft direction is very small, and high output wherein torque loss due to friction is small.
  • the third embodiment of the present invention is different from the above first embodiment in that when citing an actuator serving as a driving device for example, the actuator has the configuration shown in Figs. 12 and 13.
  • the components appended with the same reference numerals as the above first embodiment are the same as those in Figs. 1 and 2, so the description thereof will be simplified or omitted.
  • the shaft bearing 12 is fitted and fixed to the inside diameter portion of the yoke 17, and retains the shaft 18b of the rotating yoke 18 so as to be rotated.
  • the second magnetic-pole portion of the rotating yoke 18 made up of a soft magnetic material is fixed to the surface 1f perpendicular to the virtual shaft of the rotational center of the magnet 1, so the mechanical integrity of the magnet 1 increases.
  • the magnet 1 even in a thin toric shape can be prevented from cracking.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Connection Of Motors, Electrical Generators, Mechanical Devices, And The Like (AREA)
  • Permanent Field Magnets Of Synchronous Machinery (AREA)
  • Shutters For Cameras (AREA)
  • Iron Core Of Rotating Electric Machines (AREA)
EP06252709.8A 2005-05-31 2006-05-24 Dispositif d'entraînement Expired - Fee Related EP1729403B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2005159857A JP4455407B2 (ja) 2005-05-31 2005-05-31 駆動装置

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1729403A2 true EP1729403A2 (fr) 2006-12-06
EP1729403A3 EP1729403A3 (fr) 2010-03-10
EP1729403B1 EP1729403B1 (fr) 2013-07-17

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP06252709.8A Expired - Fee Related EP1729403B1 (fr) 2005-05-31 2006-05-24 Dispositif d'entraînement

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US7312543B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1729403B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP4455407B2 (fr)
KR (1) KR100820269B1 (fr)
CN (2) CN1874122B (fr)

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DE102013109165A1 (de) * 2013-08-23 2015-02-26 BROSE SCHLIEßSYSTEME GMBH & CO. KG Kraftfahrzeugschloss

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US7513703B2 (en) * 2006-12-11 2009-04-07 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Magnetic actuator and light quantity adjusting device
US20100052457A1 (en) * 2008-08-29 2010-03-04 Brahmavar Subhash M Methods and apparatus for fabrication of electric motors
MY164491A (en) * 2010-09-03 2017-12-29 Winpro Co Ltd Disk-shaped coaxial inversion generator and wind driven generating equipment including the same
FR2985085B1 (fr) * 2011-12-23 2014-02-21 Alstom Technology Ltd Actionneur electromagnetique a aimants permanents et interrupteur-sectionneur mecanique actionne par un tel actionneur
CN103187814A (zh) * 2011-12-30 2013-07-03 华锐风电科技(集团)股份有限公司 永磁横向磁通电机
CN103151891B (zh) * 2013-03-22 2015-04-01 哈尔滨工业大学 一种新型盘式绕组的微小型有限转角力矩器
EP2887514B1 (fr) 2013-12-23 2020-06-24 LG Innotek Co., Ltd. Appareil de déplacement de lentille
US10295781B2 (en) 2014-03-05 2019-05-21 Lg Innotek Co., Ltd. Lens driving device and camera module comprising same
JP6554455B2 (ja) * 2016-11-17 2019-07-31 株式会社鷺宮製作所 電動弁及び冷凍サイクルシステム
KR102139767B1 (ko) * 2018-08-22 2020-07-31 삼성전기주식회사 조리개 모듈 및 이를 포함하는 카메라 모듈

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US7312543B2 (en) 2007-12-25
CN1874122B (zh) 2010-09-29
JP2006340444A (ja) 2006-12-14
EP1729403B1 (fr) 2013-07-17
CN101895186B (zh) 2012-10-24
CN101895186A (zh) 2010-11-24
EP1729403A3 (fr) 2010-03-10
CN1874122A (zh) 2006-12-06
US20060267421A1 (en) 2006-11-30
KR100820269B1 (ko) 2008-04-08
JP4455407B2 (ja) 2010-04-21
KR20060125524A (ko) 2006-12-06

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