EP1609523B1 - Dynamische Durchfluss-Mischvorrichtung - Google Patents

Dynamische Durchfluss-Mischvorrichtung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1609523B1
EP1609523B1 EP05291169A EP05291169A EP1609523B1 EP 1609523 B1 EP1609523 B1 EP 1609523B1 EP 05291169 A EP05291169 A EP 05291169A EP 05291169 A EP05291169 A EP 05291169A EP 1609523 B1 EP1609523 B1 EP 1609523B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
rotor
discs
casing
holes
successive
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Revoked
Application number
EP05291169A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP1609523A1 (de
Inventor
Jacques Boutet
Michel Vullin
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PCM Pompes
Original Assignee
PCM Pompes
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Filing date
Publication date
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
    • B01F27/60—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a horizontal or inclined axis
    • B01F27/73—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a horizontal or inclined axis with rotary discs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
    • B01F23/40—Mixing liquids with liquids; Emulsifying
    • B01F23/47—Mixing liquids with liquids; Emulsifying involving high-viscosity liquids, e.g. asphalt
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/40—Static mixers
    • B01F25/45—Mixers in which the materials to be mixed are pressed together through orifices or interstitial spaces, e.g. between beads
    • B01F25/452—Mixers in which the materials to be mixed are pressed together through orifices or interstitial spaces, e.g. between beads characterised by elements provided with orifices or interstitial spaces
    • B01F25/4521—Mixers in which the materials to be mixed are pressed together through orifices or interstitial spaces, e.g. between beads characterised by elements provided with orifices or interstitial spaces the components being pressed through orifices in elements, e.g. flat plates or cylinders, which obstruct the whole diameter of the tube
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
    • B01F27/05—Stirrers
    • B01F27/11—Stirrers characterised by the configuration of the stirrers
    • B01F27/19—Stirrers with two or more mixing elements mounted in sequence on the same axis
    • B01F27/191—Stirrers with two or more mixing elements mounted in sequence on the same axis with similar elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F35/00—Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
    • B01F35/50—Mixing receptacles
    • B01F35/53—Mixing receptacles characterised by the configuration of the interior, e.g. baffles for facilitating the mixing of components
    • B01F35/531—Mixing receptacles characterised by the configuration of the interior, e.g. baffles for facilitating the mixing of components with baffles, plates or bars on the wall or the bottom

Definitions

  • helical screw rotors have the disadvantage of being expensive to manufacture and this fact are reserved for applications in which other types of rotors are not suitable.
  • the vane rotors have the disadvantage of offering too large passage section (angular sectors between successive pallets peripherally).
  • the pallets which are often fixed by welding on the central shaft of the rotor, can be fragile especially in the case of very high viscosity products.
  • the object of the invention is to overcome the drawbacks of currently known devices and to propose an improved device which better meets, in particular as regards its efficiency and its cost, the requirements of the practice in certain applications.
  • the invention proposes an in-line dynamic mixing device as explained in the preamble which, being arranged according to the invention, is characterized in that the rotor supports a multiplicity of successive coaxial disks, each disk having a plurality of holes, and the casing supports a multiplicity of successive coaxial disks, each disk having a central orifice for the passage of the rotor and a plurality of holes, the rotor disks and the housing disks being mutually axially alternated and spaced from each other by successive intervals.
  • the disks fixed or rotary, are substantially perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the rotor and support almost no axial force.
  • the device thus constituted is therefore of a very great robustness at the same time as it is of economic manufacture, the perforated discs that can be produced in series by conventional machining means.
  • the rotor drive can be provided by motorization means, including electric motor, commonly available and therefore a lower cost.
  • the product is caused to divide in a large multiplicity of permanently changing paths which pass through the holes of the successive disks and the intervals between them, as well as the existing functional gaps. between the outer periphery of the rotating disks and the housing wall or the inner periphery of the fixed disks and the rotor shaft.
  • This multiplicity of continuously variable paths leads to a very intimate mixing of the primary products and to a reduction, or even a disappearance, of the possible lumps and gives rise to a product of perfectly homogeneous composition as well in the fineness of its structure as in the quality mixing of primary products.
  • a mixing device has a very large number of structural parameters and the adjustment of one or more of them allows adaptation to mixing conditions and / or to very diverse products.
  • holes for at least some rotor discs and / or holes in at least some of the discs of the casing may be round in shape to treat products of small granulometry or liquids or of non-round shape (particularly angular as triangular) to treat products of larger particle size or lumpy.
  • holes of different shapes may, as necessary, be provided on the same disk.
  • holes of at least some adjacent disks respectively of the rotor and the casing are centered on respective substantially identical circumferences, in other words, run substantially opposite one another; or else they are centered on substantially different respective circumferences if it is better to disturb the flow of the veins of the product to be mixed.
  • the holes of at least some adjacent disks respectively of the rotor and of the casing can be identical in number, in particular on at least one axial section, or even on the entire length, or on the contrary that they be in different numbers, especially on at least one axial section, or even the entire length.
  • these two arrangements can be combined on successive sections.
  • the intervals between the successive disks belonging alternately to the rotor and the housing are equal on at least one axial section. But, if it proves useful for example to hold account of possible variations in the viscosity of the product treated between the inlet and the outlet as the product is homogenized, it can be envisaged that the intervals between the successive disks belonging alternately to the rotor and to the casing differ axially, for example this variation can occur in successive axial sections; in particular, it can be provided that these intervals vary progressively over at least one axial section; in particular, it is possible to envisage that the gaps are smaller in the vicinity of the outlet than in the vicinity of the inlet if the viscosity of the mixed product decreases or is greater if the viscosity of the mixed product increases.
  • the holes facing at least some adjacent disks respectively belonging to the rotor and the casing have substantially identical sections. But, if necessary, it is conceivable that the holes of at least some adjacent disks respectively belonging to the rotor and the housing have substantially non-identical sections; in particular, the sections may be substantially smaller in the vicinity of the outlet than in the vicinity of the inlet if the viscosity of the mixed product decreases or be greater if the viscosity of the mixed product increases.
  • the speed of rotation of the rotor is of course an important parameter for adjusting the operating conditions of the device to obtain a desired result.
  • the casing comprises a single inlet, in particular disposed coaxially at one of its ends, for the admission of a flow formed by the meeting of minus two primary products, which means that the meeting of the primary products was carried out upstream of the device of the invention, for example using a first mixer T (coarse mixture) located upstream of the inlet .
  • T coarse mixture
  • the housing has at least two inputs for the admission of the respective primary products to be mixed, which saves the first mixer upstream , the inputs may all be located parallel to the axis at one end of the housing, or at least some inputs may be arranged laterally for example to achieve stepped mixtures of several products.
  • each arrangement can be implemented over the entire length of the rotor, or only on an axial portion of the rotor, successive axial sections can then be equipped differently.
  • an in-line dynamic mixer device intended to intimately mix at least two primary products, comprises a housing 2 substantially elongate and internally cylindrical of revolution with at least one inlet 3 (here arranged axially at one end of the housing) for said product to be mixed and at least one outlet 4 (here arranged laterally) to evacuate the intimately mixed product.
  • the device 1 also comprises a rotor 5 extending internally to said casing 2 and coaxially thereto, and rotational drive means (not shown in FIG. 1) are provided for driving in rotation (arrow 6) the rotor 5.
  • the rotor 5 supports a multiplicity of successive coaxial disks 7, each disk 7 having a plurality of through holes 8, a remaining set 9 between the outer edge of each disk 7 and the housing wall 2.
  • the housing 2 internally supports a multiplicity of successive coaxial disks 10, each disk 10 comprising a central orifice 11 for the passage of the shaft 12 of the rotor 5 and a plurality of through holes 13, a game remaining between the inner edge of each disk 10 and the shaft 12 of the rotor.
  • the discs 7 of the rotor 5 and the discs 10 of the casing 2 are mutually axially alternated and spaced from each other by respective intervals d .
  • the discs can be held apart by spacers and the stacks are held tight by suitable clamping means (clamping rods not shown for the housing discs and axial screw and shoulder for the rotor shaft).
  • the rotation of the rotor disk holes 8 opposite the fixed holes of the housing disks defines, for the product, a multitude of continuously variable flow paths which promote a thorough mixing of the product and leads to an efficient mixing of the primary products with the obtaining of a fine granulometry (suppression of the lumps).
  • the device according to the invention as just described can give rise to a very large number of alternative embodiments because of the many parameters that can be adapted in the structure.
  • the holes are not arranged circularly, or are randomly arranged.
  • the holes 8, 13 illustrated in Figures 1 to 5 are round, but it is perfectly conceivable that they have other shapes.
  • polygonal holes in particular triangular holes.
  • 5A is illustrated by way of example a fixed disk 10 provided with triangular holes 13 (only one being drawn) with a point directed towards the center and a rotating disc 7 (only a fragment thereof is drawn) provided with 8 round holes.
  • FIG. 5B is illustrated by way of another example a fixed disc 10 provided with triangular holes 13 with an outwardly directed tip and a rotating disc 7 (only a fragment thereof being drawn) provided with round holes 8.
  • the round and triangular holes being dimensioned mutually so that, in alignment, each round hole is inscribed in the triangular hole opposite.
  • the holes 8 of the rotor discs 7 and the holes 13 of the discs 10 of the casing 2 are situated on substantially identical circumferences, so that they are sequentially coincidentally positioned in certain positions. angular positions of the rotor discs and the casing.
  • such an arrangement is not mandatory and it may be envisaged that the holes of the rotor disks and the holes of the housing disks are located on different circumferences so that they are never in coincidence as illustrated in FIG. (only a rotating disc fragment 7 being shown) or that they are sequentially only in partial coincidence.
  • Another important parameter of the operation of the device lies in the intervals between successive disks 7, 10.
  • all the successive disks 7, 10 are spaced apart from one another by equal intervals of value d .
  • a simple implementation of this arrangement consists, as illustrated in FIG. 7, in arranging the rotor 5 in several successive sections T 1 , T 2 , T 3 (for example two or three sections) in which the intervals have different values.
  • the quantity ⁇ could itself be a constant quantity, or a variable quantity depending on the index i , or even a percentage of a basic value or the value of the preceding interval.
  • the holes 8, 13 opposite adjacent discs 7, 10 respectively belonging to the rotor 5 and to the casing 2 have substantially identical sections on at least one axial portion of the rotor. ; for example the holes 8, 13 of round shape illustrated in Figures 1 and 2 have substantially the same diameter over the entire length of the rotor.
  • this arrangement is not mandatory, and it is possible to envisage holes 8, 13 respectively having different sections on several axial sections as illustrated in FIG. 8 (here this arrangement is associated with identical intervals between the disks). successive), or continuously variable sections on at least one axial section.
  • the holes 8, 13 of round shape have different diameters ⁇ 1 , ⁇ 2 , ⁇ 3 , which here decrease on respective axial sections T 1 , T 2 , T 3 of the rotor for a mixture having a decreasing viscosity (these diameters being increasing in the case of a mixture with increasing viscosity).
  • the rotational speed of the rotor is an important parameter for setting the operating conditions of the device required for a given application.
  • the adaptation of the clearances between the discs and respectively the casing and the rotor also makes it possible to influence the flow of the product through the device.
  • Figure 9 is illustrated by way of example a mixing device according to the invention shown as a whole (the same reference numerals in Figures 1 and 2 are taken to designate the identical members).
  • the mixer is assumed to be similar to that of Figure 1, with alternating discs 7, 10 which are separated by equal intervals and which are provided with round holes 8, 13 as shown in Figure 2.
  • a first mixer for example a T-mixer
  • the inlet 3 which, in the example illustrated, is an axial inlet located coaxially with the rotor 5.
  • the housing 2 is integral with a frame 14 which is itself fixed on a mounting base 15.
  • the shaft 12 of the rotor 5 is rotatably connected to the output shaft 16 of a speed reducer 17 fixed to the frame 14 (or whose frame 14 is part of integral of the casing), the speed reducer 17 itself being coupled to the output shaft of an electric drive motor 18.
  • a dynamic in-line mixing device uses commercially available equipment, and can be realized with a relatively low cost. Its performances are excellent and it is possible to adapt it very easily to very diverse products by specifically adjusting all or part of the structural parameters, some of which have been mentioned above, as well as the length of the rotor (and therefore the number of discs, the discs being mounted both on the rotor and in the housing, with the interposition of tubular spacers as shown in Figures 1, 7 and 8) and the rotational speed of the rotor 5.
  • the casing may comprise a single inlet, for example axial as shown in FIG. 9, for the simultaneous admission of the primary products; but it is also conceivable to provide several inputs, including an input or several inputs at one end of the housing and another or more other inputs located laterally on the housing: it then becomes possible to perform a stepped mixture of several products; for example two products are introduced together or separately at one end of the housing and are mixed on a first section of the housing, then a third product is introduced laterally and is mixed with the preceding on a second section of the housing, etc.

Claims (16)

  1. Vorrichtung zum dynamischen Durchfluss-Mischen zum intensiven Vermischen eines aus mindestens zwei Ausgangsprodukten gebildeten Produktes, die umfasst
    - ein im Wesentlichen längliches und innen zylindrisches Drehgehäuse (2) mit mindestens einem Einlass (3) für das besagte zu mischende Produkt und mindestens einem Auslass (4) für das intensiv vermischte Produkt,
    - einen im Inneren des besagten Gehäuses (2) und koaxial zu diesem angeordneten Rotor (5), und
    - Mittel zum drehenden Antreiben des besagten Rotors (5), wobei der Rotor eine Mehrzahl von koaxialen, aufeinander folgenden Scheiben (7) trägt,
    wobei jede Scheibe (7) eine Mehrzahl von Löchern (8) aufweist,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
    das Gehäuse (2) eine Mehrzahl von koaxialen aufeinander folgenden Scheiben (10) trägt, wobei jede Scheibe (10) eine zentrale Öffnung (11) zum Durchführen des Rotors (5) und eine Mehrzahl von Löchern (13) umfasst,
    wobei die Scheiben (7) des Rotors (5) und die Scheiben (10) des Gehäuses (2) axial jeweils abwechselnd aufeinander folgen und durch jeweilige Zwischenräume (d) voneinander beabstandet sind.
  2. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass Löcher (8, 13) auf Kreisen in der Nähe des Umfangs wenigstens bestimmter Scheiben (7) des Rotors (5) und / oder bestimmter Scheiben (10) des Gehäuses (2) verteilt sind.
  3. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass Löcher (8,13) auf Kreisen außerhalb des Umfangs wenigstens bestimmter Scheiben (7) des Rotors (5) und / oder bestimmter Scheiben (10) des Gehäuses (2) verteilt sind.
  4. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass Löcher (8) wenigstens bestimmter Scheiben (7) des Rotors (5) und / oder Löcher (13) wenigstens bestimmter Scheiben (10) des Gehäuses (2) eine runde Form haben.
  5. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass Löcher (8) wenigstens bestimmter Scheiben (7) des Rotors (5) und / oder Löcher (13) wenigstens bestimmter Scheiben (10) des Gehäuses (2) eine nicht-runde Form haben.
  6. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass Löcher (8, 13) wenigstens bestimmter benachbarter Scheiben (7, 10) jeweils des Rotors (5) und des Gehäuses (2) auf jeweils im Wesentlichen identischen Umkreisen zentriert sind.
  7. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass Löcher (8, 13) wenigstens bestimmter benachbarter Scheiben (7, 10) jeweils des Rotors (5) und des Gehäuses (2) auf jeweils im Wesentlichen verschiedenen Umkreisen zentriert sind.
  8. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Löcher (8, 13) wenigstens bestimmter benachbarter Scheiben (7, 10) jeweils des Rotors (5) und des Gehäuses (2) in identischen Anzahlen vorhanden sind.
  9. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die einander gegenüber liegenden Löcher wenigstens bestimmter benachbarter Scheiben jeweils des Rotors und des Gehäuses in unterschiedlichen Anzahlen vorhanden sind.
  10. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Zwischenräume (d) zwischen den aufeinander folgenden, abwechselnd zum Rotor (5) und zum Gehäuse (2) gehörenden Scheiben (7, 10) wenigstens auf einem axialen Abschnitt gleich sind.
  11. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Zwischenräume (d1, d2, d3) zwischen den aufeinander folgenden, abwechselnd zum Rotor (5) und zum Gehäuse (2) gehörenden Scheiben (7, 10) sich wenigstens auf zwei axialen Abschnitten (T1, T2, T3) unterscheiden.
  12. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Zwischenräume (d) zwischen den aufeinander folgenden, abwechselnd zum Rotor (5) und zum Gehäuse (2) gehörenden Scheiben (7, 10) sich wenigstens auf einem axialen Abschnitt progressiv ändern.
  13. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Löcher (8, 13) wenigstens bestimmter benachbarter, abwechselnd zum Rotor (5) und zum Gehäuse (2) gehörender Scheiben (7, 10) wenigstens auf einem axialen Abschnitt im Wesentlichen identische Querschnitte haben.
  14. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Löcher (8, 13) wenigstens bestimmter benachbarter, abwechselnd zum Rotor (5) und zum Gehäuse (2) gehörender Scheiben (7, 10) auf wenigstens einem axialen Abschnitt im Wesentlichen nicht identische Querschnitte haben.
  15. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Gehäuse (2) einen einzigen Einlass (3) zum Zuführen eines aus der Zusammenführung mindestens zweier Ausgangsprodukte gebildeten Zuflusses umfasst.
  16. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Gehäuse (2) mindestens zwei Einlässe zum Zuführen der jeweiligen zu vermischenden Ausgangsprodukte umfasst.
EP05291169A 2004-06-18 2005-05-31 Dynamische Durchfluss-Mischvorrichtung Revoked EP1609523B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0406670A FR2871711B1 (fr) 2004-06-18 2004-06-18 Dispositif de melange dynamique en ligne
FR0406670 2004-06-18

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1609523A1 EP1609523A1 (de) 2005-12-28
EP1609523B1 true EP1609523B1 (de) 2006-08-30

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP05291169A Revoked EP1609523B1 (de) 2004-06-18 2005-05-31 Dynamische Durchfluss-Mischvorrichtung

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US20050286343A1 (de)
EP (1) EP1609523B1 (de)
JP (1) JP2006000849A (de)
CN (1) CN1714920A (de)
DE (1) DE602005000098T2 (de)
FR (1) FR2871711B1 (de)

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CN104918693B (zh) * 2013-12-27 2017-10-20 新东工业株式会社 分散装置、分散处理系统以及分散方法
CN105171944A (zh) * 2015-08-17 2015-12-23 贵州省从江县润田复合材料有限公司 一种玻璃钢管内衬树脂和催化剂混合器
JP6465004B2 (ja) * 2015-11-30 2019-02-06 トヨタ自動車株式会社 正極合材ペーストの製造方法
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CN108144467A (zh) * 2018-01-15 2018-06-12 中国石油大学(华东) 一种筛板旋转式的乳化装置及其乳化方法
CN107961693A (zh) * 2018-01-23 2018-04-27 罗璐 一种气水混合装置
CN108393023A (zh) * 2018-03-22 2018-08-14 罗璐 一种流体混合装置
CN108236878A (zh) * 2018-03-22 2018-07-03 罗璐 一种气液混合装置
KR102231445B1 (ko) * 2020-09-22 2021-04-12 주식회사 가람이엔지 수중 녹조 마이크로 분쇄기
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CN218307353U (zh) * 2022-08-16 2023-01-17 宏工科技股份有限公司 一种制浆机

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US4874248A (en) * 1988-07-27 1989-10-17 Marathon Oil Company Apparatus and method for mixing a gel and liquid
US4974292A (en) * 1989-09-05 1990-12-04 Marlen Research Corporation Apparatus for handling packaging of emulsified meat products
JPH03101820A (ja) * 1989-09-16 1991-04-26 Nippon Paint Co Ltd 分散装置
MX9100106A (es) * 1991-07-08 1993-01-01 Oscar Mario Guagnelli Hidalgo Mejoras en sistema para la mezcla continua en particulas solidas, liquidas y/o gaseosas en todas alternativas.
JPH0699047A (ja) * 1992-09-24 1994-04-12 Canon Inc 密閉型湿式分散装置
DE59505196D1 (de) * 1994-12-30 1999-04-08 Fischer Karl Ind Gmbh Reaktorvorrichtung für fliessfähige und höherviskose Medien
JPH09122467A (ja) * 1995-11-06 1997-05-13 Mitsui Toatsu Chem Inc 改良された回転体を有する流通型分散装置
EP0780056A1 (de) * 1995-12-22 1997-06-25 Societe Des Produits Nestle S.A. Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Behandlung eines flüssigen Produktes
GB2308076B (en) * 1997-04-11 1998-04-22 Tecexec Limited A mixing apparatus

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1609523A1 (de) 2005-12-28
US20050286343A1 (en) 2005-12-29
JP2006000849A (ja) 2006-01-05
FR2871711B1 (fr) 2006-09-22
CN1714920A (zh) 2006-01-04
DE602005000098T2 (de) 2007-04-12
FR2871711A1 (fr) 2005-12-23
DE602005000098D1 (de) 2006-10-12

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