EP1433867B1 - Verbundmaterial zur Herstellung elekrischer Kontakte und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung - Google Patents

Verbundmaterial zur Herstellung elekrischer Kontakte und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1433867B1
EP1433867B1 EP03025163A EP03025163A EP1433867B1 EP 1433867 B1 EP1433867 B1 EP 1433867B1 EP 03025163 A EP03025163 A EP 03025163A EP 03025163 A EP03025163 A EP 03025163A EP 1433867 B1 EP1433867 B1 EP 1433867B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
composite material
metal strip
additive
diameter
atomised
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP03025163A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
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EP1433867A3 (de
EP1433867A2 (de
Inventor
Isabell Dr. Buresch
Hermann Strum
Roland Binder
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Wieland Werke AG
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Wieland Werke AG
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Publication of EP1433867A3 publication Critical patent/EP1433867A3/de
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F7/00—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression
    • B22F7/02—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite layers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R4/00—Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation
    • H01R4/58—Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation characterised by the form or material of the contacting members
    • H01R4/62—Connections between conductors of different materials; Connections between or with aluminium or steel-core aluminium conductors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F7/00—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression
    • B22F7/002—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of porous nature
    • B22F7/004—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of porous nature comprising at least one non-porous part
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/10—Alloys containing non-metals
    • C22C1/1036—Alloys containing non-metals starting from a melt
    • C22C1/1042—Alloys containing non-metals starting from a melt by atomising
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
    • C23C28/02—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings only including layers of metallic material
    • C23C28/021—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings only including layers of metallic material including at least one metal alloy layer
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
    • C23C28/02—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings only including layers of metallic material
    • C23C28/023—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings only including layers of metallic material only coatings of metal elements only
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/04—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the coating material
    • C23C4/06—Metallic material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/12—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying
    • C23C4/123—Spraying molten metal
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
    • B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
    • B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
    • B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
    • B22F9/082—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
    • B22F2009/0832—Handling of atomising fluid, e.g. heating, cooling, cleaning, recirculating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
    • B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
    • B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
    • B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
    • B22F9/082—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
    • B22F2009/0892—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid casting nozzle; controlling metal stream in or after the casting nozzle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2999/00—Aspects linked to processes or compositions used in powder metallurgy
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C2204/00—End product comprising different layers, coatings or parts of cermet
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/02—Contacts characterised by the material thereof
    • H01H1/021—Composite material
    • H01H1/023—Composite material having a noble metal as the basic material
    • H01H1/0237—Composite material having a noble metal as the basic material and containing oxides
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/02—Contacts characterised by the material thereof
    • H01H1/021—Composite material
    • H01H1/027—Composite material containing carbon particles or fibres
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H2300/00—Orthogonal indexing scheme relating to electric switches, relays, selectors or emergency protective devices covered by H01H
    • H01H2300/036—Application nanoparticles, e.g. nanotubes, integrated in switch components, e.g. contacts, the switch itself being clearly of a different scale, e.g. greater than nanoscale
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12014—All metal or with adjacent metals having metal particles
    • Y10T428/12028—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, etc.]
    • Y10T428/12063—Nonparticulate metal component
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12014—All metal or with adjacent metals having metal particles
    • Y10T428/12028—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, etc.]
    • Y10T428/12063—Nonparticulate metal component
    • Y10T428/12069—Plural nonparticulate metal components
    • Y10T428/12076—Next to each other
    • Y10T428/12083—Nonmetal in particulate component
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12014—All metal or with adjacent metals having metal particles
    • Y10T428/12028—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, etc.]
    • Y10T428/12063—Nonparticulate metal component
    • Y10T428/12104—Particles discontinuous
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12014—All metal or with adjacent metals having metal particles
    • Y10T428/12028—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, etc.]
    • Y10T428/12063—Nonparticulate metal component
    • Y10T428/12139—Nonmetal particles in particulate component
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
    • Y10T428/12708—Sn-base component
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
    • Y10T428/12771—Transition metal-base component
    • Y10T428/12861—Group VIII or IB metal-base component
    • Y10T428/12896—Ag-base component

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electrically conductive composite material for producing electrical contact components, comprising a metal strip and a contact layer, applied at least on one side, of a silver or tin contact material.
  • a method for producing an electrically conductive composite material and its use is provided.
  • Such electrical contact components are used for example as plug-in contacts in connectors or in connector terminals in the automotive industry.
  • the design of the contact elements plays a crucial role.
  • the contact carrier material used together with the contact surface used determines the aging behavior and the service life.
  • the known electrical contacts for this purpose usually consist of a base body (metal strip), in particular of a Cu alloy, and a galvanically applied, by hot dip (eg Feuerverzinnung) or by roll-applied contact material.
  • a galvanically applied, by hot dip (eg Feuerverzinnung) or by roll-applied contact material In particular gold, silver or tin layers are used for this purpose.
  • a powder metallurgical production of the contact points, which are welded onto the contact area, is in the case of plug connectors - in particular the socket part - not possible because the contact area is reshaped and therefore not freely accessible.
  • the arc causes local heating of the material up to more than 1000 ° C, which causes the contact surfaces of the connector to burn off. Also, incomplete connections can cause such arcing due to the vibrations generated during driving, resulting in a creeping burn and ultimately the total failure of a connector.
  • EP 0 225 080 B1 discloses a device with a nebulizer, with which a jet of liquid metal with a gas jet is atomized into a droplet consisting of droplets.
  • the atomizer is mounted tiltable about a fixed axis so that the spray evenly distributed on a moving belt-shaped substrate or otherwise collecting device.
  • the device is used to make thin metal bands or to coat ribbons.
  • the production method pursues an areal uniform distribution of the applied metal layer, it primarily permits only a simple material selection with a fusible component. In addition, a relatively movable to the metal spray atomizer is an additional equipment expense.
  • a Cu or Ag-containing material is known, which is doped with at least one dispersoid.
  • the dispersoids are said to have a strongly negative value of enthalpy of formation be thermodynamically stable accordingly.
  • Suitable dispersoids are metals of Si, Al, Zr, Nb, Ti, Cr and Si and / or yttrium as well as oxides, nitrides and carbides of Si, W, Zr and / or pure carbon. In particular, it is a contact material for vacuum chambers with a Cr / Cu sintered structure.
  • An electrical contact of a connector is known, with a metallic substrate on which a contact layer is applied.
  • the contact layer is formed with a microstructure that has an optimized tribological behavior with reduced coefficients of friction and increased wear resistance.
  • the microstructure preferably lies in the range between 1 nm and 1 ⁇ m, ie in the area of nanostructuring, in which the particles are distributed in the matrix of the contact layer in the form of a solid-state dispersion or nanodispersion. It is proposed to produce such nanodispersions by a galvanic process.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object to provide a metallic composite material which is produced by means of a comparison with the prior art improved method and which also largely meets the above-mentioned increased requirements.
  • the composite material according to the invention is particularly suitable for connectors and connector terminals and switching contacts.
  • the electrically conductive composite material is provided with an addition of carbon.
  • the resulting arc when plugging and unplugging connectors and contacts generated carbon compounds released by the increase in the contact resistance by oxidation of the contact surfaces in the environment is largely prevented.
  • the main component of the contact layer is a metal with already good electrical Conductivity, which forms the matrix, in which the two additives are embedded particularly finely distributed according to their small diameter and form a homogeneous composite material.
  • This has a positive effect on other material properties.
  • the fine distribution of the alloy components of different hardness and the homogenization achieved thereby counteract the wear of a mechanically stressed surface.
  • the bands When making the plug, the bands must be reshaped. Good workability then means that the contact layer does not detach from the carrier during forming.
  • Carbon has a very low hardness in comparison to metallic materials. For this very reason, it is important that the small particle size of this addition in the nanometer range leads to a composite material having on its surface by the metallic constituents of sufficient hardness and thus abrasion resistance to mechanical stress.
  • the soft carbon powder is stored for this purpose in a harder metallic skeleton.
  • hard particles are also suitable as a second additive.
  • the adhesiveness of the contact layer on the support is also important for the adhesiveness of the contact layer on the support that, in addition to the electrical properties, it is also possible to transform it during the manufacture of the connector without detaching the contact layer.
  • the metal band consists of Cu or a Cu alloy, of Fe or a Fe alloy, of Al or an Al alloy, of Ni or a Ni alloy.
  • the advantages achieved with the invention with respect to the composite material in particular is that at high insertion and pulling speeds either the formation of an arc is prevented or if it comes to arc formation, this immediately extinguished and it does not lead to oxidation of the contact surface.
  • the intermediate layer ensures optimum adhesion of the contact layer to the carrier.
  • the inventive solution is used to optimize the properties of the composite material for use in electrical engineering.
  • the object is achieved with respect to the applied device for gas atomizing a jet of flowable or liquid material, for example a beam of liquid metal or a metal alloy, with an atomizer for applying atomizing gas to the jet for atomizing the jet into a droplet consisting of droplets the atomizer unit is annular or elongated and has a continuous outlet gap for the atomizer gas. Above the area of the atomizer unit, there is disposed a powder injector with a swirling chamber connected to a solids feed unit.
  • a powder injector with a swirling chamber connected to a solids feed unit.
  • the advantages achieved by the invention with respect to the applied device for gas atomization is that the powder components are introduced homogeneously into the spray mist in the swirling chamber.
  • the high gas velocity of the atomizing gas in the region of the swirling chamber generates a negative pressure which constantly discharges the powder particles from the chamber.
  • the particle movement in the vortex chamber triggers the agglomeration of fine powder particles and thus ensures a homogeneous distribution in the deposited layer.
  • wider belts can be coated without having to move the gas atomizer device or its parts.
  • the elongated part is aligned perpendicular to the direction of movement of the strip material.
  • the Feststoffzu classroom province classroom comprises a reservoir for dry powder or a container for powdered liquids with supply lines.
  • the agglomeration of the particles can be reduced.
  • the amount of material of the jet is controlled via a device with valve control and / or a device for pressurizing a melt reservoir.
  • a device with valve control and / or a device for pressurizing a melt reservoir With a corresponding pressurization targeted the material flow can be controlled without a valve, since a melt flow can be maintained only with a corresponding overpressure.
  • an additional valve allows even shorter switching times for switching on and off of the melt flow.
  • the object is achieved with regard to the method for producing a composite material with a device for gas atomization with the steps according to which a metal or a metal alloy is heated in a reservoir above the melting point, the melt exits with pressurization in the form of a melt jet and by means of a gas stream sprayed with a mist, mixed with non-melting additives in particulate form and then the atomized droplets are deposited on a support material or a collecting device.
  • As a catching device can serve a moving under the spray cooling belt from which can be detached the spray product.
  • the non-melting additives are fed to the melt stream from a fluidization chamber.
  • the tape to be coated is fed either continuously or from a stack of superposed band sections.
  • the system is housed in a nitrogen or nitrogen / hydrogen mixture flooded housing with inlet and outlet lock. Upstream of the inlet sluice is a belt cleaning and activating station which prepares the belt surface before coating for good adhesion of the deposited layer.
  • the atomization of the powder particles takes place using N 2 .
  • the additives are injected into the spray at a pressure of 0.15 to 1.5 MPa.
  • the nitrogen enters into a mixing chamber at very high speed via an outlet gap in order to fluidize the fine powder particles introduced into the mixing chamber and to obtain optimum mixing.
  • agglomeration of the nanopowder can be effectively prevented with a gas velocity, which may well be in the supersonic range.
  • the pressurization of the powder components is controlled accordingly for optimal mixing.
  • the metal strip is heated to a temperature of (0.6 to 0.9) x T s of the contact material Sn or Ag.
  • a uniform contact layer with finely dispersed additives is desired.
  • the metal strip is heated to a temperature of (0.6 to 0.9) x T s of the contact material Sn or Ag.
  • the metal ribbon is advantageously surface treated for flux activation prior to deposition of the layer.
  • the layer thickness is set again via other deposition parameters.
  • the thickness D 2 of the contact layer is controlled via the spray jet density and the passage speed of the metal strip to be coated.
  • the spray jet density is controlled via a needle valve or the like. If the needle valve is permanently open, then a full-surface one-sided coating can take place.
  • the metal strip can be pulled under the spray jet at a constant speed.
  • the material flow in the spray head can be controlled even without pressurization of the melt without a valve device.
  • the density or the porosity of the contact layer can also be adjusted in a targeted manner.
  • an open porosity of the contact layer of 70 to 85% is set via the selected spray parameters.
  • the porous contact layer is then infiltrated with oil for self-lubrication.
  • Porous layers are aftertreated in a further process step by rolling the sprayed metal strip at a temperature of at least 0.8 ⁇ T s of the layer matrix material in order to achieve a 100% density.
  • the metal strip is only partially coated. In this way, a partially resistive coating can be produced, for example, at the tip of a plug.
  • the metal strip is advantageously covered with a mask.
  • the metal strip can be shielded against the spray.
  • the mask is not placed on the carrier, but positioned at a certain distance in the beam.
  • On-site electronics means increased temperatures and increased vibration levels. This is especially true for the multi-valve technology.
  • current-carrying connections such as connectors, punched grid connections, relay connections as well as wear and vibration-resistant, high-temperature resistant coatings are required.
  • the electrically conductive composite material finds use for the automotive sector and in particular in electrical contact components such as connectors and connector terminals.
  • the advantages achieved with the invention are, in particular, that the contact coating of a metal strip as a carrier material can be partially applied in order to produce self-disconnecting contacts with low burn-off behavior.
  • a contact layer is produced on a carrier material in a process sequence via a suitable parameter selection, which can be further processed directly as strip material.
  • the coating process can thus easily be integrated into rational mass production.
  • the composite material 1 for producing electrical contact components according to FIG. 1 is composed of a metal strip 2 as a carrier made of metal and a contact layer 4 applied at least on one side of a silver or tin contact material.
  • an intermediate layer 6 made of Ag or Sn of thickness D 3 0.1 to 1 microns is arranged.
  • the metal strip 2 is surface treated for activation with flux.
  • gas atomizer 10 includes a arranged in a heated housing 40 melt container 12 with filler neck and feed channels 14 for the melt to a nozzle 28 with a needle valve 18, from which the jet of liquid metal or a metal alloy emerges.
  • the discharge quantity is controlled via a connection to the pressurization 16, which is attached to the melt container 12.
  • the filler neck on the melt container 12 is closed in a gas-tight manner for pressurizing with a stopper or a screw connection.
  • a container 20 is arranged with filler neck for liquids and mixtures of a liquid acted upon with powder. This is connected via supply channels 22 with the injector unit 32 arranged around the needle valve 18 with swirling chamber 26. Also from this container, the discharge amount is controlled by a container 20 mounted on the connection to the pressurization 24. Alternatively or additionally, there is the possibility to connect further Feststoffzu brieflytechniken with a powder container 44 for dry powder to the heated housing 40, which have a connection to the injector unit 32 via not shown in the schematic diagram channels. Further melting vessels, optionally with separate heating, can be docked to a connection unit 42.
  • the melt exiting through the needle valve 18 is mixed with the solids from the vortex chamber and treated with nebulizer gas with the N 2 atomizer unit 34 so that a spray consisting of droplets is formed from the jet, which is deposited on a belt 2.
  • An N 2 chamber 36, immediately in front of the N 2 exit gap 38, ensures a constant supply of gas.
  • an outlet funnel 30 with a predetermined exit cone To guide the spray is an outlet funnel 30 with a predetermined exit cone, which ensures a deposition over the entire bandwidth.
  • a mask 8 is positioned in the beam or applied to the substrate.
  • the atomizing unit 34 is annular or elongated in the image plane of Fig. 2 formed therein, which has a continuous exit gap 38 for the N 2 -Zerstäubergas.
  • the cleaning and activating unit 48 With the cleaning and activating unit 48, the metal strip 2 is pretreated for activation with flux on the surfaces.
  • the belt can be coated in continuous operation or in the form of a stacked layer in batch mode 46.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Contacts (AREA)
  • Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Switches (AREA)
  • Conductive Materials (AREA)
  • Coating By Spraying Or Casting (AREA)
  • Manufacturing Of Electrical Connectors (AREA)
EP03025163A 2002-12-27 2003-11-04 Verbundmaterial zur Herstellung elekrischer Kontakte und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung Expired - Lifetime EP1433867B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10261303A DE10261303B3 (de) 2002-12-27 2002-12-27 Verbundmaterial zur Herstellung elektrischer Kontakte und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung
DE10261303 2002-12-27

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EP1433867A2 EP1433867A2 (de) 2004-06-30
EP1433867A3 EP1433867A3 (de) 2006-05-17
EP1433867B1 true EP1433867B1 (de) 2009-10-14

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JP (1) JP4571397B2 (ja)
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CN (1) CN1519991B (ja)
AT (1) ATE445719T1 (ja)
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EP4083274A2 (de) 2021-04-26 2022-11-02 Condias Gmbh Elektrode und verfahren zum herstellen

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KR20040060753A (ko) 2004-07-06
KR101090190B1 (ko) 2011-12-06
DE50312017D1 (de) 2009-11-26
CN1519991B (zh) 2011-05-18
US7132172B2 (en) 2006-11-07
CN1519991A (zh) 2004-08-11
ATE445719T1 (de) 2009-10-15
JP2004214183A (ja) 2004-07-29
EP1433867A3 (de) 2006-05-17
US20040202884A1 (en) 2004-10-14
DE10261303B3 (de) 2004-06-24
JP4571397B2 (ja) 2010-10-27
EP1433867A2 (de) 2004-06-30

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