EP1433867A2 - Verbundmaterial zur Herstellung elekrischer Kontakte und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung - Google Patents
Verbundmaterial zur Herstellung elekrischer Kontakte und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1433867A2 EP1433867A2 EP03025163A EP03025163A EP1433867A2 EP 1433867 A2 EP1433867 A2 EP 1433867A2 EP 03025163 A EP03025163 A EP 03025163A EP 03025163 A EP03025163 A EP 03025163A EP 1433867 A2 EP1433867 A2 EP 1433867A2
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- composite material
- metal strip
- diameter
- fine particles
- contact
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R4/00—Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation
- H01R4/58—Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation characterised by the form or material of the contacting members
- H01R4/62—Connections between conductors of different materials; Connections between or with aluminium or steel-core aluminium conductors
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F7/00—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression
- B22F7/02—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite layers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F7/00—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression
- B22F7/002—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of porous nature
- B22F7/004—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of porous nature comprising at least one non-porous part
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/10—Alloys containing non-metals
- C22C1/1036—Alloys containing non-metals starting from a melt
- C22C1/1042—Alloys containing non-metals starting from a melt by atomising
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
- C23C28/02—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings only including layers of metallic material
- C23C28/021—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings only including layers of metallic material including at least one metal alloy layer
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
- C23C28/02—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings only including layers of metallic material
- C23C28/023—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings only including layers of metallic material only coatings of metal elements only
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/04—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the coating material
- C23C4/06—Metallic material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/12—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying
- C23C4/123—Spraying molten metal
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
- B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
- B22F9/082—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
- B22F2009/0832—Handling of atomising fluid, e.g. heating, cooling, cleaning, recirculating
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
- B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
- B22F9/082—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
- B22F2009/0892—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid casting nozzle; controlling metal stream in or after the casting nozzle
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2999/00—Aspects linked to processes or compositions used in powder metallurgy
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C2204/00—End product comprising different layers, coatings or parts of cermet
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H1/00—Contacts
- H01H1/02—Contacts characterised by the material thereof
- H01H1/021—Composite material
- H01H1/023—Composite material having a noble metal as the basic material
- H01H1/0237—Composite material having a noble metal as the basic material and containing oxides
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H1/00—Contacts
- H01H1/02—Contacts characterised by the material thereof
- H01H1/021—Composite material
- H01H1/027—Composite material containing carbon particles or fibres
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H2300/00—Orthogonal indexing scheme relating to electric switches, relays, selectors or emergency protective devices covered by H01H
- H01H2300/036—Application nanoparticles, e.g. nanotubes, integrated in switch components, e.g. contacts, the switch itself being clearly of a different scale, e.g. greater than nanoscale
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12014—All metal or with adjacent metals having metal particles
- Y10T428/12028—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, etc.]
- Y10T428/12063—Nonparticulate metal component
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12014—All metal or with adjacent metals having metal particles
- Y10T428/12028—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, etc.]
- Y10T428/12063—Nonparticulate metal component
- Y10T428/12069—Plural nonparticulate metal components
- Y10T428/12076—Next to each other
- Y10T428/12083—Nonmetal in particulate component
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12014—All metal or with adjacent metals having metal particles
- Y10T428/12028—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, etc.]
- Y10T428/12063—Nonparticulate metal component
- Y10T428/12104—Particles discontinuous
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12014—All metal or with adjacent metals having metal particles
- Y10T428/12028—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, etc.]
- Y10T428/12063—Nonparticulate metal component
- Y10T428/12139—Nonmetal particles in particulate component
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
- Y10T428/12708—Sn-base component
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
- Y10T428/12771—Transition metal-base component
- Y10T428/12861—Group VIII or IB metal-base component
- Y10T428/12896—Ag-base component
Definitions
- the invention relates to an electrically conductive composite material for the production electrical contact components, consisting of a metal band and at least one unilaterally applied contact layer of a silver or tin contact material.
- a device for gas atomizing a jet of flowable or liquid material and a method of making an electrical conductive composite material and its use provided.
- Such electrical contact components for example, as plug contacts in Connectors or in connector terminals in the automotive industry used.
- the contact carrier material used determines together with the contact surface used the aging behavior and the lifespan.
- the known electrical contacts for this purpose exist usually from a basic body (metal band), in particular from a Cu alloy, and by electroplating, by hot dip method (e.g. Hot tinning) or contact material applied by roll cladding.
- a basic body metal band
- hot dip method e.g. Hot tinning
- contact material applied by roll cladding.
- gold, silver or tin layers are used.
- the arc causes local heating of the material up to more than 1000 ° C, which causes the contact surfaces of the connector to burn off. Also, incomplete connections can cause such arcing due to the vibrations generated during driving, resulting in a creeping burn and ultimately the total failure of a connector.
- From the document DE 195 03 184 C1 is a material for electrical contacts Silver and carbon known. It is a sintered material that has an improved burn-off property due to a certain amount of carbon black. To its production becomes the carbon in the form of carbon black having a primary particle size added silver less than 150 nm, the mixture cold isostatically pressed and then sintered. With the same objective, the burning properties and to improve the Versch dieresistenz is from the document DE 41 11 683 C2 discloses a composite material for electrical contacts. Of the Composite consists of silver or a silver alloy with a carbon content, in the form of a combination of carbon powder and carbon fibers in a mass ratio of 10: 1 to 1:10 with the metal component is processed.
- the document EP 0 225 080 B1 discloses a device with a Nebulizer known with a jet of liquid metal with a gas jet in it a spray of droplets is atomized.
- the atomizer is tilted about a fixed axis so stored that the spray on a moving belt-shaped substrate or another collecting device equally distributed.
- the device is used to make thin metal bands or used for coating tapes.
- the invention is therefore based on the object, a metallic composite material indicate that improved by means of a comparison with the prior art Device is manufactured and that also the above-mentioned increased requirements as far as possible is sufficient.
- the composite material according to the invention is particularly suitable for connectors and connector terminals and also switching contacts.
- the electrically conductive composite material is with an addition of carbon Mistake.
- the result of plugging and unplugging connectors and contacts Arc generates released carbon compounds through which a Increasing the contact resistance by oxidation of the contact surfaces in the Environment is largely prevented.
- the main component of the contact layer is a metal with already good electrical Conductivity forming the matrix into which the two additives correspond their small diameter are embedded finely distributed and a homogeneous Form composite material. This directly affects further material properties positive. In particular, the fine distribution of the alloy components is different hardness and the resulting homogenization of the Wear of a mechanical stressed the surface contrary.
- the bands When making the plug, the bands must be reshaped. Good workability then means that the contact layer does not detach from the carrier during forming.
- Carbon has a very low hardness in comparison to metallic materials. For this very reason, it is important that the small particle size of this addition in the nanometer range leads to a composite material having on its surface by the metallic constituents of sufficient hardness and thus abrasion resistance to mechanical stress.
- the soft carbon powder is stored for this purpose in a harder metallic skeleton.
- hard particles are also suitable as a second additive.
- the adhesiveness of the contact layer on the support is also important for the adhesiveness of the contact layer on the support that, in addition to the electrical properties, it is also possible to transform it during the manufacture of the connector without detaching the contact layer.
- the metal band exists of Cu or a Cu alloy, of Fe or a Fe alloy, of Al or a Al alloy, made of Ni or a Ni alloy.
- the advantages achieved by the invention are with respect to the composite material in particular, that at high insertion and pulling speeds either the Formation of an arc is prevented or if it is for arc formation comes, this extinguishes immediately and it does not oxidize the contact surface leads.
- the intermediate layer provides optimum adhesive strength ensures the contact layer on the carrier.
- the object is with regard to the device for gas atomization of a jet flowable or liquid material, for example a jet of liquid Metal or a metal alloy, with an atomizer unit for applying Atomizing gas on the jet for atomizing the jet into droplets dissolved existing spray, wherein the atomizer unit annular or long is stretched and this forms a continuous exit gap for the Has sputtering gas.
- a Injector for powder with a swirling chamber arranged with a solids feed unit connected is.
- the advantages achieved by the invention with respect to the device for Gas atomization in that the powder components in the Verwirbelungshunt be introduced homogeneously into the spray.
- the high gas velocity generates of the atomizing gas in the area of the swirling chamber Underpressure that constantly removes the powder particles from the chamber.
- the particle movement in the vortex chamber triggers the agglomeration of fine powder particles and thus ensures a homogeneous distribution in the deposited layer.
- wider bands can be used be coated without the gas atomizing device or its parts have to be moved.
- the elongated part is perpendicular to the direction of movement aligned the band material.
- the solids supply unit comprises a reservoir for dry Powder or a container for powdered liquids with supply lines. So can already by the powder processing, in particular by a Slurry in a suitable liquid, agglomeration of the particles be lowered.
- the amount of material of the beam via a device with Valve control and / or a device for pressurizing a melt reservoir controlled can be controlled without a valve, as a melt flow can only be maintained with a corresponding overpressure.
- additional valve allows even shorter switching times for switching on and off the melt flow.
- the object is with regard to the method for producing a composite material with a device for gas atomization with the steps solved, after which Metal or metal alloy in a reservoir above the melting point is heated, the melt with pressurization in the form of a melt jet exit and atomized by means of a gas flow to a spray, with non-melting Addition is mixed in particulate form and then the atomized Droplets are deposited on a carrier material or a collecting device.
- a moving under the spray cooling belt serve, from which the spray product can be detached.
- the non-melting additives are the Melt flow supplied from a fluidizing chamber.
- the atomization of the powder particles takes place using N 2 .
- the additives are injected into the spray at a pressure of 0.15 to 1.5 MPa.
- the nitrogen enters into a mixing chamber at very high speed via an outlet gap in order to fluidize the fine powder particles introduced into the mixing chamber and to obtain optimum mixing.
- agglomeration of the nanopowder can be effectively prevented with a gas velocity, which may well be in the supersonic range.
- the pressurization of the powder components is controlled accordingly for optimal mixing.
- the metal strip is heated to a temperature of (0.6 to 0.9) x T s of the contact material Sn or Ag.
- a uniform contact layer with finely dispersed additives is desired.
- the metal strip is heated to a temperature of (0.6 to 0.9) x T s of the contact material Sn or Ag.
- the layer thickness is set again via other deposition parameters.
- the thickness D 2 of the contact layer is controlled via the spray jet density and the passage speed of the metal strip to be coated.
- the spray jet density is controlled via a needle valve or the like. If the needle valve is permanently open, then a full-surface one-sided coating can take place.
- the metal strip can be pulled under the spray jet at a constant speed.
- the material flow in the spray head can be controlled even without pressurization of the melt without a valve device.
- the density or the also selectively adjust the porosity of the contact layer.
- an open porosity of Contact layer adjusted from 70 to 85%.
- the porous contact layer is subsequently for self-lubrication infiltrated with oil.
- Porous layers are aftertreated in a further process step by rolling the sprayed metal strip at a temperature of at least 0.8 ⁇ T s of the layer matrix material in order to achieve a 100% density.
- the metal strip is only partially coated.
- a partially resistive coating for example, on the Tip of a plug are generated.
- the metal strip covered with a mask for the production of partially resistive coatings advantageously the metal strip covered with a mask.
- the metal strip against the spray be shielded.
- the mask is not placed on the carrier, but positioned at a certain distance in the beam.
- On-site electronics means increased temperatures, on the one hand increased vibration load. This is especially true for the multi-valve technology.
- electrically conductive connectors such as connectors, Punched grid connections, relay connections as well as wear and vibration resistant, high temperature resistant coatings needed.
- the electrically conductive composite material is used for the automotive Range and in particular in electrical contact components such as connectors and Connector terminals.
- the advantages achieved by the invention are in particular with respect to the method in that the contact coating of a metal strip as a carrier material can be partially applied to self-turn off contacts with low To generate burn-off behavior.
- the contact coating of a metal strip as a carrier material can be partially applied to self-turn off contacts with low To generate burn-off behavior.
- the contact coating of a metal strip as a carrier material can be partially applied to self-turn off contacts with low To generate burn-off behavior.
- the contact coating of a metal strip as a carrier material can be partially applied to self-turn off contacts with low To generate burn-off behavior.
- the contact coating of a metal strip as a carrier material can be partially applied to self-turn off contacts with low To generate burn-off behavior.
- the composite material 1 for producing electrical contact components according to FIG. 1 is constructed from a metal strip 2 as a metal carrier and a contact layer 4 applied at least on one side from a silver or tin contact material.
- the metal strip 2 is surface treated for activation with flux.
- the gas atomizing device 10 shown schematically in FIG. 2 includes a in a heated housing 40 arranged melt container 12 with filler neck and feed channels 14 for the melt to a nozzle 28 with a needle valve 18, from which the jet of liquid metal or a metal alloy emerges.
- the Outlet quantity is connected via a connection attached to the melt container 12 Pressurization 16 controlled.
- the filler neck on the melt container 12 is for Pressurization with a stopper or a screw gas-tight connection locked.
- a container 20 with filler neck for liquids and mixtures of a liquid loaded with powder arranged in the heated housing 40.
- This is via feed channels 22 with the injector unit arranged around the needle valve 18 32 connected to swirl chamber 26.
- the outlet quantity via a connection to the container 20 for pressurizing 24 controlled.
- Feststoffzu brieflytechniken with a powder container 44 for dry powder to connect the heated housing 40, which is not in the schematic representation mapped channels have a connection to the injector unit 32.
- Further Melting vessels, possibly with separate heating, can be connected to a connection unit 42 are docked.
- the melt exiting through the needle valve 18 is mixed with the solids from the vortex chamber and treated with nebulizer gas with the N 2 atomizer unit 34 so that a spray consisting of droplets is formed from the jet, which is deposited on a belt 2.
- An N 2 chamber 36, immediately in front of the N 2 exit gap 38, ensures a constant supply of gas.
- a mask 8 is positioned in the beam or on the Substrate applied.
- the atomizer unit 34 is formed annularly or elongated in the image plane of FIG. 2, wherein it has a continuous outlet gap 38 for the N 2 -Zerstäubergas. With the cleaning and activating unit 48, the metal strip 2 is pretreated for activation with flux on the surfaces.
- the belt can be coated in continuous operation or in the form of a stacked layer in batch mode 46.
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Abstract
Description
Bei gebräuchlichen Steckverbindungen im Automotive Bereich tritt dieses Phänomen erst ab einer Spannung von über 16 Volt in Erscheinung. Bei einem 42 V-Bordnetz besteht die Gefahr der Lichtbogenbildung und des Kontaktprellens beim Stecken bzw. Ziehen der Steckverbinderanschlüsse. Durch den Lichtbogen kommt es lokal zu einer Erwärmung des Materials bis über 1000°C, dies führt zum Abbrennen der Kontaktflächen des Steckverbinders. Auch können unvollständig gesteckte Verbindungen durch die im Fahrbetrieb entstehenden Vibrationen derartige Lichtbögen hervorrufen, die zu einem schleichenden Abbrand und letztendlich zum Totalausfall einer Steckverbindung führen.
- Bogenerosionsbeständigkeit
- hohe elektrische / thermische Leitfähigkeit
- niedrige erforderliche Kontaktkraft
- Abrieb- / Abnutzungsbeständigkeit
- gute Verarbeitbarkeit: lötbar.
und
Zwischen Metallband 2 und Kontaktschicht 4 ist eine Zwischenschicht 6 aus Ag bzw. Sn der Dicke D3 = 0,1 bis 1 µm angeordnet.
Die Dicke des Metallbandes 2 beträgt bevorzugt D1 = 0,06 bis 1,2 mm und der Kontaktschicht 4 D2 = 0,5 bis 10 µm. Das Metallband 2 wird zur Aktivierung mit Flußmittel oberflächenbehandelt.
- 1
- Verbundmaterial
- 2
- Metallband
- 4
- Kontaktschicht
- 6
- Zwischenschicht
- 8
- Maske
- 10
- Gaszerstäubervorrichtung
- 12
- Schmelzebehälter
- 14
- Zuführkanäle für Schmelze
- 16
- Anschluss zur Druckbeaufschlagung
- 18
- Nadelventil
- 20
- Behälter für Flüssigkeiten und Gemische
- 22
- Zuführkanäle
- 24
- Anschluss zur Druckbeaufschlagung
- 26
- Verwirbelungskammer
- 28
- Düse
- 30
- Austrittstrichter/Sprühstrahlführung
- 32
- Injektoreinheit mit Wirbelkammer
- 34
- N2-Zerstäubereinheit
- 36
- N2-Kammer
- 38
- N2-Austrittsspalt
- 40
- beheiztes Gehäuse
- 42
- Anschluss für weiteres Schmelzegefäß
- 44
- Pulvergefäß
- 46
- Stapellage für Batchbetrieb
- 48
- Reinigungs- und Aktiviereinheit
Claims (31)
- Elektrisch leitfähiges Verbundmaterial (1) zur Herstellung elektrischer Kontaktbauteile, insbesondere von Steckverbindern, Steckverbinder-Anschlüssen, bestehend aus einem Metallband (2) und einer zumindest einseitig aufgebrachten Kontaktschicht (4) aus einem Silber- oder Zinn-Kontaktwerkstoff,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Kontaktwerkstoff als ersten Zusatz 0,5 bis 60 Gew.-% Kohlenstoff-Pulver in Form feiner Teilchen mit einem Durchmesser Ø1 = 5 bis 200 nm und 0,5 bis 60 Gew.-% eines zweiten pulverförmigen Zusatzes in Form feiner Teilchen, die die elektrische Leitfähigkeit, Härte und Abriebfestigkeit verbessern, mit einem Durchmesser Ø2 = 5 bis 200 nm enthält. - Verbundmaterial nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zwischen Metallband (2) und Kontaktschicht (4) eine Zwischenschicht (6) aus Ag bzw. Sn der Dicke D3 = 0,1 bis 1 µm angeordnet ist.
- Verbundmaterial nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Kontaktwerkstoff als ersten Zusatz 3 bis 40 Gew.-% Kohlenstoff-Pulver plättchenförmig und/oder globular und/oder geperlt in Form feiner Teilchen mit einem Durchmesser Ø1 = 20 bis 150 nm enthält.
- Verbundmaterial nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es sich bei dem zweiten Zusatz um 2 bis 50 Gew.-% eines Metalls aus der Gruppe Co, Cu, Mo, Ni, Ti, W in Form feiner Teilchen mit einem Durchmesser Ø2 = 10 bis 200 nm handelt.
- Verbundmaterial nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es sich bei dem zweiten Zusatz um 2 bis 40 Gew.-% eines Karbids in Form feiner Teilchen mit einem Durchmesser Ø2 = 10 bis 200 nm handelt.
- Verbundmaterial nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es sich bei dem zweiten Zusatz um 0,5 bis 40 Gew.-% eines Disulfids aus der Gruppe MoS2, WS2, in Form feiner Teilchen mit einem Durchmesser Ø2 = 50 bis 200 nm handelt.
- Verbundmaterial nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es sich bei dem zweiten Zusatz um 2 bis 40 Gew.-% SnO2 in Form feiner Teilchen mit einem Durchmesser Ø2 = 5 bis 100 nm handelt.
- Verbundmaterial nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es sich bei dem zweiten Zusatz um 2 bis 40 Gew.-% oxidische Keramikteilchen aus der Gruppe Al2O3, ZrO2, mit einem Durchmesser Ø2 = 50 bis 150 nm handelt.
- Verbundmaterial nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es sich bei dem zweiten Zusatz um 2 bis 20 Gew.-% PTFE in Form feiner Teilchen mit einem Durchmesser Ø2 = 50 bis 200 nm handelt.
- Verbundmaterial nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Dicke des Metallbandes (2) D1 = 0,06 bis 1,2 mm und der Kontaktschicht (4) D2 = 0,5 bis 10 µm beträgt.
- Verbundmaterial nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Metallband (2) aus Cu oder einer Cu-Legierung, aus Fe oder einer Fe-Legierung, aus Al oder einer Al-Legierung, aus Ni oder einer Ni-Legierung besteht.
- Vorrichtung zur Gaszerstäubung (10) eines Strahls aus fließfähigem oder flüssigem Material mit einer Zerstäubereinheit (34) zum Beaufschlagen von Zerstäubergas auf den Strahl zum Zerstäuben des Strahls in einen aus Tröpfchen bestehenden Sprühnebel, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Zerstäubereinheit (34) ringförmig oder lang gestreckt ausgebildet ist, wobei diese einen durchgehenden Austrittsspalt (38) für das Zerstäubergas aufweist und oberhalb des Bereiches der Zerstäubereinheit eine Injektoreinheit (32) für Pulver mit einer Verwirbelungskammer (26) angeordnet ist, der mit einer Feststoffzuführeinheit verbunden ist.
- Vorrichtung zur Gaszerstäubung nach Anspruch 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Feststoffzuführeinheit einen Vorratsbehälterfür trockenes Pulver (44) oder einen Behälter für mit Pulver beaufschlagte Flüssigkeiten (20) mit Zuleitungen umfasst.
- Vorrichtung zur Gaszerstäubung nach Anspruch 12 oder 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Materialmenge des Strahls über eine Vorrichtung mit Ventilsteuerung und/oder eine Vorrichtung zur Druckbeaufschlagung eines Schmelzevorratbehälters gesteuert ist.
- Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Verbundmaterials nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 11 mit einer Vorrichtung zur Gaszerstäubung nach einem der Ansprüche 12 bis 14, gekennzeichnet durch die Schritte,
gemäß denen ein Metall oder eine Metalllegierung in einem Vorratsbehälter über den Schmelzpunkt erwärmt wird, die flüssige Schmelze mit Druckbeaufschlagung in Form eines Schmelzestrahls austritt und mittels eines Gasstroms zu einem Sprühnebel zerstäubt, mit nicht schmelzenden Zusätzen in Partikelform vermengt wird und anschließend die zerstäubten Tröpfchen auf ein Metallband (2) als Trägermaterial oder eine Auffangvorrichtung abgeschieden werden. - Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Verbundmaterials nach Anspruch 15, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die nicht schmelzenden Zusätze dem Schmelzestrom aus einer Verwirbelungskammer (26) zugeführt werden.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 15, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Zerstäuben unter Einsatz von N2 oder eines N2/H2-Gemisches erfolgt.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 15 bis 17, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ein Einblasen der Zusätze in den Sprühstrahl bei einem Druck von 0,15 bis 1,5 MPa erfolgt.
- Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 15 bis 18, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ein Einblasen der Zusätze unabhängig voneinander erfolgt.
- Verfahren nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 15 bis 19, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Metallband (2) auf eine Temperatur von (0,6 bis 0,9) x Ts des Kontaktwerkstoffes erwärmt wird.
- Verfahren nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 15 bis 20, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Metallband (2) zur Aktivierung mit Flussmittel oberflächenbehandelt wird.
- Verfahren nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 15 bis 21, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Dicke D2 der Kontaktschicht (4) über die Sprühstrahldichte und die Durchlaufgeschwindigkeit des zu beschichtenden Metallbandes (2) gesteuert wird.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 22, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Sprühstrahldichte über ein Nadelventil oder dergleichen gesteuert wird.
- Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 15 bis 23, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Metallband (2) mit konstanter Geschwindigkeit unter dem Sprühstrahl hindurch gezogen wird.
- Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 15 bis 24, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass über die gewählten Sprühparameter eine offene Porosität der Kontaktschicht (4) von 70 bis 85 % eingestellt wird.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 25, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die poröse Kontaktschicht (4) mit Öl infiltriert wird.
- Verfahren nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 15 bis 26, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das besprühte Metallband (2) bei einer Temperatur von mindestens 0,8 x Ts des Metallbandwerkstoffs nachgewalzt wird, um eine 100 %ige Dichte zu erzielen.
- Verfahren nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 15 bis 27, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Metallband (2) nur teilweise beschichtet wird.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 28, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Metallband (2) mit einer Maske (8) bedeckt wird.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 28, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Metallband (2) gegen den Sprühstrahl abgeschirmt wird.
- Verwendung eines elektrisch leitfähigen Verbundmaterials nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 11 im Automotive Bereich als elektrische Kontaktbauteile wie Steckverbinder und Steckverbinderanschlüsse.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE10261303 | 2002-12-27 | ||
DE10261303A DE10261303B3 (de) | 2002-12-27 | 2002-12-27 | Verbundmaterial zur Herstellung elektrischer Kontakte und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung |
Publications (3)
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EP1433867A2 true EP1433867A2 (de) | 2004-06-30 |
EP1433867A3 EP1433867A3 (de) | 2006-05-17 |
EP1433867B1 EP1433867B1 (de) | 2009-10-14 |
Family
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EP03025163A Expired - Lifetime EP1433867B1 (de) | 2002-12-27 | 2003-11-04 | Verbundmaterial zur Herstellung elekrischer Kontakte und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung |
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US (1) | US7132172B2 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1433867B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP4571397B2 (de) |
KR (1) | KR101090190B1 (de) |
CN (1) | CN1519991B (de) |
AT (1) | ATE445719T1 (de) |
DE (2) | DE10261303B3 (de) |
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Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2006056346A1 (de) * | 2004-11-23 | 2006-06-01 | Wieland-Werke Ag | Verfahren und fertigungslinie zum einseitigen beschichten von metallbändern und deren verwenwung |
WO2007031202A1 (de) * | 2005-09-13 | 2007-03-22 | Abb Technology Ag | Vakuumschaltkammer |
US7939777B2 (en) | 2005-09-13 | 2011-05-10 | Abb Technology Ag | Vacuum interrupter chamber |
FR2931303A1 (fr) * | 2008-05-15 | 2009-11-20 | Daniel Bernard | Contact electrique et son procede de fabrication associe |
CN102395389B (zh) * | 2008-11-06 | 2015-12-16 | 多杜科有限公司 | 电触头和电触片半成品及其制造方法 |
DE102013014915A1 (de) * | 2013-09-11 | 2015-03-12 | Airbus Defence and Space GmbH | Kontaktwerkstoffe für Hochspannungs-Gleichstrombordsysteme |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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KR20040060753A (ko) | 2004-07-06 |
DE50312017D1 (de) | 2009-11-26 |
CN1519991A (zh) | 2004-08-11 |
US7132172B2 (en) | 2006-11-07 |
CN1519991B (zh) | 2011-05-18 |
DE10261303B3 (de) | 2004-06-24 |
ATE445719T1 (de) | 2009-10-15 |
KR101090190B1 (ko) | 2011-12-06 |
US20040202884A1 (en) | 2004-10-14 |
EP1433867B1 (de) | 2009-10-14 |
EP1433867A3 (de) | 2006-05-17 |
JP4571397B2 (ja) | 2010-10-27 |
JP2004214183A (ja) | 2004-07-29 |
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