EP1394292A2 - Elektrochemisch erzeugte TiO2-Schichten zum Korrosionsschutz oder als Haftgrund - Google Patents
Elektrochemisch erzeugte TiO2-Schichten zum Korrosionsschutz oder als Haftgrund Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1394292A2 EP1394292A2 EP03025080A EP03025080A EP1394292A2 EP 1394292 A2 EP1394292 A2 EP 1394292A2 EP 03025080 A EP03025080 A EP 03025080A EP 03025080 A EP03025080 A EP 03025080A EP 1394292 A2 EP1394292 A2 EP 1394292A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- layer
- electrically conductive
- conductive surface
- inorganic compound
- metal
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 150000002484 inorganic compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229920000620 organic polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000004070 electrodeposition Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 3
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- 239000004922 lacquer Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 88
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 14
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 14
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 13
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 11
- BERDEBHAJNAUOM-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper(i) oxide Chemical compound [Cu]O[Cu] BERDEBHAJNAUOM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 9
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 9
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- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000010422 painting Methods 0.000 description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- -1 oxide layers Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003125 aqueous solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002905 metal composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004636 vulcanized rubber Substances 0.000 description 2
- LRXTYHSAJDENHV-UHFFFAOYSA-H zinc phosphate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[Zn+2].[Zn+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O LRXTYHSAJDENHV-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 2
- 229910000165 zinc phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JPVYNHNXODAKFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cu2+ Chemical compound [Cu+2] JPVYNHNXODAKFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004833 X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007743 anodising Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010960 cold rolled steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004673 fluoride salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910021397 glassy carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004677 hydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002452 interceptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000014655 lactic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004310 lactic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052745 lead Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012044 organic layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003003 phosphines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000011514 reflex Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004626 scanning electron microscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003346 selenoethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010129 solution processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052566 spinel group Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003568 thioethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 231100000563 toxic property Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002966 varnish Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D13/00—Electrophoretic coating characterised by the process
- C25D13/22—Servicing or operating apparatus or multistep processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D9/00—Electrolytic coating other than with metals
- C25D9/04—Electrolytic coating other than with metals with inorganic materials
Definitions
- the invention is in the field of coating surfaces to these to protect against corrosion and / or to provide them with a primer for a subsequent organic coating.
- the Surfaces are electrically conductive, for example surfaces of metals or surfaces which have been made conductive by an appropriate treatment Represent glass or plastics.
- a common technical task is metallic or not to provide metallic substrates with a first coating that has a corrosion-inhibiting effect and / or has a primer for an over it represents coating to be applied with organic polymers.
- metals are pretreated before painting. This is what technology stands for different procedures available. Examples include one layer-forming or non-layer-forming phosphating, a chromating or a chrome-free conversion treatment, for example with complex ones Fluorides from titanium, zirconium, boron or silicon. Technically easier to carry out, but a simple application of a primer coat is less effective a metal before painting it. An example of this is the application of Redlead.
- An alternative to the "wet" process is "dry" Procedures in which a corrosion protection or adhesive layer from a Gas phase is deposited. Such methods are for example as PVD or CVD process known. They can be electrical, for example through a Plasma discharge, be supported.
- a layer produced or applied in this way can be used as serve as a corrosion protective primer for subsequent painting.
- the Layer can also be a primer for subsequent gluing represent.
- metallic substrates, but also substrates made of Plastic or glass are often chemically or mechanically pretreated to ensure the adhesion of the adhesive to the substrate improve.
- metal or Plastic parts in each case, but also glued together. Front and Today rear windows of vehicles are usually directly in the body glued.
- Further examples of the use of adhesive layers can be found in the production of rubber-metal composites.
- the Metal substrates are usually mechanically or chemically pretreated before an adhesive layer is applied for gluing with rubber.
- That thin layers of metal compounds, such as oxide layers, be generated electrochemically on an electrically conductive surface is known in the art.
- the influence of the deposition conditions was particularly important investigated the morphology of the oxide layers. A practical application of the Layers do not emerge from this work.
- An electrochemical formation of an oxide layer also takes place with the as Known processes take place anodizing.
- the invention relates to the use of a layer on an electrically conductive surface which can be obtained by, in step a), a layer of at least one inorganic compound of at least one metal A with a mass per unit area of 0.01 on this surface up to 10 g / m 2 is electrochemically deposited from a solution which contains the metal A in dissolved form, the metal A being a different metal than the main component of the electrically conductive surface and the inorganic compound being less than 20% by weight Contains phosphate ions as a corrosion protection layer and / or as a primer for an organic coating.
- the solution containing metal A in dissolved form is also referred to below as "Electrolyte” called.
- a conductive salt such as a tetraalkylammonium halide.
- the Ions of the conductive salt are not or only to a minor extent in the Layer installed, but increase the electrical conductivity of the electrolyte.
- the electrically conductive surface can be intrinsic act conductive surface such as a metallic surface.
- layer can also be on a surface of an electrically little or not conductive material are deposited if the Surface is made electrically conductive.
- plastics for example done by first electrically chemical deposits conductive metal layer, which then forms the basis for the electrochemical Deposition of a compound of metal A.
- a glass surface can be made electrically conductive, for example, by using them with a Powdered an electrically conductive substance or a conductive layer through the gas phase, for example as a chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD). It is for the use according to the invention however preferred that the electrically conductive surface be a metal surface represents.
- the inorganic compound of metal A is separated from a solution that contains the metal A in dissolved form. It can be a one- or multi-component aqueous or a non-aqueous solution act.
- non-aqueous solvents with a good one Solvent for suitable metal compounds are liquid ammonia, Dimethyl sulfoxide or organic phosphine derivatives.
- one multicomponent aqueous solution are water-alcohol mixtures.
- the electrochemical deposition can be carried out cathodically or anodically, a cathodic deposition can be used more universally and is therefore preferred is.
- the deposition of the inorganic compound of at least one metal A from a corresponding solution can be done according to 2 different mechanisms respectively.
- the deposition can be coupled with a change in the Oxidation level of metal A, with a on the electrically conductive surface Layer of a poorly soluble compound of metal A in the opposite of the Solution changed oxidation level grows up.
- Another separation mechanism is based on the fact that the pH value through electrochemical processes on the electrically conductive surface shifts near the surface.
- the electrical conductive surface an inorganic compound of at least one metal A grow up that are hard on the surface under local pH conditions is soluble. It is not necessary that the oxidation state of the metal A changes during the deposition process.
- a shift in pH can take place on the electrically conductive surface, for example, in that Hydrogen ions are discharged and the pH value rises locally as a result.
- the inorganic compound of at least one metal This means that this connection is definitely the metal A must contain. However, it can also contain other metals B, C, ... This other metals can be present in the solution in addition to metal A. and be deposited with it. These other metals can however, also be components of the electrically conductive surface and at Formation of the layer of an inorganic compound of at least one metal A. can be built directly into this connection.
- inorganic Compounds that contain another metal in addition to metal A Mixed oxides, for example the structure type of the spinels or the Perovskite can belong. Examples include titanates and niobates.
- the in step a) deposited compound is an oxide.
- This can also be a mixed oxide different metals.
- the use according to the invention is not limited to oxides. It also includes non-oxide inorganic Compounds such as, for example, selenides, sulfides or nitrides suitable, possibly anhydrous, solvents can be separated.
- the inorganic Connection of at least one metal A is only binary or ternary Represents connection. Rather, this connection can also be set up in a more complex manner be, for example, ions or molecules from the solution into the compound can also be installed. Oxide hydrates or sulfates are an example of this.
- the use according to the invention does not include a pure galvanization, since a plating layer is not an "inorganic compound" in the sense of this Represents invention.
- To the layer of at least one inorganic Connection of at least one metal A is rather the condition that at least part of the metal A is in an oxidation state> 0.
- any layer can be used for the use according to the invention at least one inorganic compound of at least one metal A are used, which can be deposited electrochemically and which are sufficient is chemically stable to act as a corrosion protection layer.
- the Layer with or without applied varnish better corrosion protection delivers as the uncoated metal surface.
- the metal A is selected from Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, AI, Si, Sn, Pb, Sb, Bi, Ti, Zr, V, Nb, Ta, Mo, W, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Zn, Cu.
- the for The most important metal for practical purposes are Al, Si, Ti, Zr, Mo, W, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Zn and Cu.
- the electrochemical deposition can be potentiostatic or galvanostatic.
- the galvanostatic deposition is technically easier to carry out and is therefore preferred.
- the layer formation preferably takes place in that the inorganic compound on the electrically conductive surface at a potential compared to a standard hydrogen electrode between ⁇ 0.1 and ⁇ 300 V or a current density in the range of ⁇ 0.1 to ⁇ 10000 mA per cm 2 electrically conductive surface is deposited. It is preferred to work at potentials between ⁇ 0.1 and ⁇ 100 V or at a current density in the range from ⁇ 0.5 to ⁇ 100 mA per cm 2 .
- the signs in front of voltage and current density express that the deposition can be cathodic or anodic. Cathodic deposition, ie a negative potential compared to the standard hydrogen electrode, is preferred.
- the morphology, the chemical composition and the crystal structure of the deposited Layer depend on the deposition conditions and thus by choice of Conditions can be influenced.
- the above are hanging Layer parameters from the concentration of the metal ions A and possibly further Components in the solution, the flow rate of the solution relative to the electrically conductive surface, the set potential and / or the set current density.
- the layer properties can thus be chosen specifically change this parameter.
- the deposition is carried out here preferably under conditions such that the inorganic compound deposits in X-ray crystalline form.
- X-ray crystalline means that the inorganic compound in a sharp X-ray diffraction experiment X-ray reflexes delivers.
- the resulting highly structured surface is particularly favorable as a primer for an organic coating.
- Electrolytes relative to the metallic conductive surface can form layers accelerate and influence the morphology of the layer. For example this is done by stirring the electrolyte or in the Pumped around electrolysis vessel. Furthermore, the electrolyte can be blown through a Gases, especially air, are mixed and moved.
- the invention relates to a method for producing an at least two-layer coating on an electrically conductive surface, characterized in that In a step a), a layer of at least one inorganic compound of at least one metal A with a mass per unit area of 0.01 to 10 g / m 2 is electrochemically deposited on the electrically conductive surface from a solution which contains the metal A in dissolved form wherein the metal A represents a metal other than the main component of the electrically conductive surface and the inorganic compound contains less than 20% by weight of phosphate ions, and in a subsequent step b) at least one layer of an organic polymer is applied to the layer deposited in step a).
- a step a a layer of at least one inorganic compound of at least one metal A with a mass per unit area of 0.01 to 10 g / m 2 is electrochemically deposited on the electrically conductive surface from a solution which contains the metal A in dissolved form wherein the metal A represents a metal other than the main component of the electrical
- an at least two-layer coating means that the electrical conductive surface as described above a layer of at least an inorganic compound of at least one metal A and on this again at least one layer of an organic polymer is applied.
- the layer of an inorganic compound can also applied several different layers of organic polymers become. For example, this is known from automotive engineering, where according to previous state of the art on the as inorganic corrosion protection and Phosphate layer serving as adhesive layer generally at least 3 different Layers of organic polymers are applied. For example this can be layers of an electrocoat, a filler and a topcoat his.
- a cathodically or anodically depositable electrodeposition paint can be applied.
- the layer is deposited between the layers inorganic compound and the application of electrocoat preferably rinsed with water. This can be done by dipping or spraying respectively. It can be advantageous, at least in the last rinsing step rinse low-salt or deionized water.
- a chemical Post-passivation of the inorganic layer before the electrical one Dip painting, as is usually the case with phosphating, for example is not necessary in the method according to the invention.
- the process according to the invention is carried out as Belt process through.
- step b) an organic polymer layer is used applied by immersion or spraying or by application rollers.
- On Belt process implicitly requires a non-rigid substrate, so that this Process variant is preferably carried out on strips of metals.
- there the method is preferably carried out continuously.
- the electrochemical Layer formation in sub-step a) and the application of the organic The polymer layer in sub-step b) thus takes place with the belt running.
- the application of an organic polymer layer to a running belt is known in the art as the "coil coating process".
- the coating systems used for this are also suitable for the method according to the invention.
- the organic polymer layer can have different thicknesses and different functions. For example, it can be only a few ⁇ m thick and serve as a shaping aid and / or as a primer for subsequent painting.
- the composition and layer thickness of the primer are preferably set so that electrical resistance welding is still possible.
- Such organic primer layers on a chemically produced inorganic layer on a metal surface are known in the art under various trade names, depending on their function and composition. Examples include Durasteel R and Granocoat R.
- the layer thickness in Range is below 10 microns and is, for example, 6 to 9 microns can in Coil coating processes also directly apply a thicker layer of organic paint applied, which will not be painted over later.
- the layer thicknesses are then in the range of 50 to 200 microns.
- a powder coating can be used as the organic polymer in sub-step b) be applied.
- the inorganic layer on the electrical conductive surface can no longer be electrically conductive to the extent that for Subsequent electrocoating is required.
- a powder paint is preferably applied to molded objects that are not strong exposed to corrosive loads. Examples of this are items such as Household appliances or electronic devices used in enclosed spaces be kept.
- the organic layer applied in sub-step b) can also be an adhesive layer represent.
- the inorganic layer of at least one metal A serves then as an adhesive layer between the adhesive and the metallic conductive base.
- metallic conductive pad not just a metal itself, but electrically conductive made surfaces of plastics or glass. Therefore the inorganic layer as an adhesive layer between one of the metal substrates, Plastic or glass and an adhesive act through the adhesive same or different substrates can be connected to each other. Examples can be found in the construction of vehicles, aircraft or household appliances, where metals are glued to each other or with plastic or glass. Also Bonding plastic with plastic is an option. In particular In this way, glass panes can be glued into vehicle bodies.
- a special embodiment consists in that one in sub-step b) Apply adhesive with which a vulcanized or non-vulcanized rubber part is connected to a metal part.
- the resulting component becomes general referred to as "rubber-metal composite". It is usually done in such a way that a non-vulcanized rubber part with an adhesive over it as an adhesive layer serving inorganic layer connects to the metallic substrate and then by increasing the temperature, often with simultaneous exercise of pressure, vulcanized.
- These process steps are common in technology, however, the metallic substrate is not electrochemical with one layer an inorganic compound is coated, but either only is pretreated mechanically or wet-chemically.
- the invention relates to a metal component, the surface of which bears an at least two-layer coating that corresponds to a the ways described above is available. It can be for example vehicles or vehicle parts, household appliances, housings for trade electronic devices, furniture or architectural parts. Preferred materials for the metal components are iron, zinc, aluminum, magnesium and alloys, which consist of more than 50 atomic% of one of these elements. You can Metals and alloys are currently selected for the above Metal components are common.
- the one described above bears Metal component, the inorganic compound of at least one metal A in X-ray crystalline Shape.
- X-ray crystalline means that the inorganic Connection in an X-ray diffraction experiment with sharp X-ray reflections supplies.
- the advantages of the use according to the invention and that of the invention lies in the fact that thickness, composition and inner and outer structure of the inorganic layer by the choice of Deposition parameters are easier to control than with purely chemical ones Process management. Less will be needed to apply the layer Process stages are required than for phosphating and they generally fall less sludge than with a purely chemical layer formation. Compared The deposition process from the gas phase is electrochemical Separation faster and with less equipment and Energy consumption connected. Furthermore, it is not necessary as the Vapor deposition to provide volatile starting compounds.
- Another advantage of electrochemical layer formation is that Layer growth over the electrical resistance on the metallic conductive Surface is controllable. Unless the growing layer has a higher one has electrical resistance than the electrically conductive surface - what in the The rule is the case - so the layer growth slows down when the electrical resistance becomes too high due to the layer formation. As long as it is there are still unoccupied areas of the metallic conductive surface or the layer is so thin that a current still flows at the set voltage the layer growth at these points. Is the metallic conductive surface almost completely covered with a layer of such a thickness that the electrical resistance increases significantly, the process of layer formation can be ended. With galvanostatically controlled layer growth it shows up the almost complete layer formation in that the terminal voltage rises sharply. The process can then automatically run at a preselected value the terminal voltage can be interrupted.
- the layers formed are closed after a treatment time of approx. 50 s and consist of fine ( ⁇ 1 ⁇ m) crystallites of Cu 2 O:
- the layer properties are very easy to control even without interfering with the electrolyte composition.
- Corrosion tests (10 cycles VDA alternating climate test, cathodic dip painting) show a significant improvement in corrosion protection through the coating depending on the applied layer thickness: process time (Seconds) Alternating climate test: infiltration U / 2 (mm) 10 4.8 30 4.5 60 3.9 120 3.6 300 2.6
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Abstract
Description
in einem Schritt a) auf der elektrisch leitenden Oberfläche eine Schicht aus mindestens einer anorganischen Verbindung mindestens eines Metalls A mit einer flächenbezogenenen Masse von 0,01 bis 10 g/m2 aus einer Lösung, die das Metall A in gelöster Form enthält, elektrochemisch abgeschieden wird, wobei das Metall A ein anderes Metall darstellt als die Hauptkomponente der elektrisch leitenden Oberfläche und wobei die anorganische Verbindung weniger als 20 Gew.-% Phosphationen enthält, und
in einem nachfolgenden Schritt b) auf die im Schritt a) abgeschiedene Schicht mindestens eine Schicht eines organischen Polymers aufgebracht wird.
- Nachspülung : entionisiertes Wasser
- Trocknung : Druckluft
- Charakterisierung : Rasterelektronenmikroskopie, Röntgen-Photoelektronenspektroskopie, Korrosionstest (Wechselklimatest)
- Lackierung : kathodischer Tauchlack ED 5000
| Prozeßzeit (Sekunden) | Schichtgewicht (gm-2) |
| 10 | 0.4 |
| 30 | 0.7 |
| 60 | 1.1 |
| 120 | 2..4 |
| 300 | 5.6 |
| Prozeßzeit (Sekunden) | Wechselklimatest: Unterwanderung U/2 (mm) |
| 10 | 4.8 |
| 30 | 4.5 |
| 60 | 3.9 |
| 120 | 3.6 |
| 300 | 2.6 |
Claims (13)
- Verwendung einer Schicht auf einer elektrisch leitenden Oberfläche, die dadurch erhältlich ist, daß auf dieser Oberfläche in einem Schritt a) eine Schicht aus mindestens einer anorganischen Verbindung von Titan mit einer flächenbezogenen Masse von 0,01 bis 10 g/m2 aus einer Lösung, die Titan in gelöster Form enthält, elektrochemisch abgeschieden wird, wobei Titan ein anderes Metall darstellt als die Hauptkomponente der elektrisch leitenden Oberfläche und wobei die anorganische Verbindung weniger als 20 Gew.-% Phosphationen enthält, als Korrossionsschutzschicht und/oder als Haftgrund für eine organische Beschichtung.
- Verwendung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die im Schritt a) abgeschiedene Verbindung ein Oxid darstellt.
- Verwendung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die anorganische Verbindung auf der elektrisch leitenden Oberfläche bei einem Potential gegenüber einer Standard-Wasserstoff-Elektrode zwischen ±0,1 und ±300 V oder einer Stromdichte im Bereich von ±0,1 bis ±10000 mA pro cm2 elektrisch leitende Oberfläche abgeschieden wird.
- Verwendung nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die anorganische Verbindung röntgenkristallin ist.
- Verfahren zur Herstellung einer mindestens zweilagigen Beschichtung auf einer elektrisch leitenden Oberfläche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß in einem Schritt a) auf der elektrisch leitenden Oberfläche eine Schicht aus mindestens einer anorganischen Verbindung von Titan mit einer flächenbezogenen Masse von 0,01 bis 10 g/m2 aus einer Lösung, die Titan in gelöster Form enthält, elektrochemisch abgeschieden wird, wobei Titan ein anderes Metall darstellt als die Hauptkomponente der elektrisch leitenden Oberfläche und wobei die anorganische Verbindung weniger als 20 Gew.-% Phosphationen enthält, und in einem nachfolgenden Schritt b) auf die im Schritta) abgeschiedene Schicht mindestens eine Schicht eines organischen Polymers aufgebracht wird.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die im Schritt a) abgeschiedene Verbindung ein Oxid darstellt.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 5 oder 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die anorganische Verbindung auf der elektrisch leitenden Oberfläche bei einem Potential gegenüber einer Standard-Wasserstoff-Elektrode zwischen ±0,1 und ±300 V oder einer Stromdichte im Bereich von ±0,1 bis ±10000 mA pro cm2 elektrisch leitenden Oberfläche abgeschieden wird.
- Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 5 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß im Teilschritt b) ein kathodisch oder anodisch abscheidbarer Elektrotauchlack aufgebracht wird.
- Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 5 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Verfahren als Bandverfahren durchgeführt und im Teilschritt b) eine organische Polymerschicht durch Eintauchen oder Aufsprühen oder durch Auftragswalzen aufgebracht wird.
- Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 5 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß im Teilschritt b) ein Pulverlack aufgebracht wird.
- Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 5 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß im Teilschritt b) ein Klebstoff aufgebracht wird.
- Metallbauteil, dessen Oberfläche eine mindestens zweilagige Beschichtung trägt, die nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 5 bis 11 erhältlich ist.
- Metallteil nach Anspruch 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die anorganische Verbindung von Titan röntgenkristallin ist.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE10022074 | 2000-05-06 | ||
| DE10022074A DE10022074A1 (de) | 2000-05-06 | 2000-05-06 | Elektrochemisch erzeugte Schichten zum Korrosionsschutz oder als Haftgrund |
| EP01933902A EP1285105B1 (de) | 2000-05-06 | 2001-04-27 | Elektrochemische erzeugte schichten zum korrosionsschutz oder als haftgrund |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP01933902A Division EP1285105B1 (de) | 2000-05-06 | 2001-04-27 | Elektrochemische erzeugte schichten zum korrosionsschutz oder als haftgrund |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1394292A2 true EP1394292A2 (de) | 2004-03-03 |
| EP1394292A3 EP1394292A3 (de) | 2004-06-16 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP03025080A Withdrawn EP1394292A3 (de) | 2000-05-06 | 2001-04-27 | Elektrochemisch erzeugte TiO2-Schichten zum Korrosionsschutz oder als Haftgrund |
| EP01933902A Expired - Lifetime EP1285105B1 (de) | 2000-05-06 | 2001-04-27 | Elektrochemische erzeugte schichten zum korrosionsschutz oder als haftgrund |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| EP01933902A Expired - Lifetime EP1285105B1 (de) | 2000-05-06 | 2001-04-27 | Elektrochemische erzeugte schichten zum korrosionsschutz oder als haftgrund |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (3) | US20040099535A1 (de) |
| EP (2) | EP1394292A3 (de) |
| AT (1) | ATE262056T1 (de) |
| AU (1) | AU2001260260A1 (de) |
| DE (2) | DE10022074A1 (de) |
| ES (1) | ES2218415T3 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2001086029A1 (de) |
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| US6335099B1 (en) * | 1998-02-23 | 2002-01-01 | Mitsui Mining And Smelting Co., Ltd. | Corrosion resistant, magnesium-based product exhibiting luster of base metal and method for producing the same |
| JP2000248398A (ja) * | 1999-02-26 | 2000-09-12 | Toyo Kohan Co Ltd | 表面処理鋼板の製造方法および表面処理鋼板 |
| US6197178B1 (en) * | 1999-04-02 | 2001-03-06 | Microplasmic Corporation | Method for forming ceramic coatings by micro-arc oxidation of reactive metals |
| JP2000328292A (ja) * | 1999-05-11 | 2000-11-28 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | Si系アルミニウム合金の陽極酸化処理方法 |
| IL159222A0 (en) * | 2001-06-28 | 2004-06-01 | Algat Sherutey Gimur Teufati | Method of anodizing of magnesium and magnesium alloys and producing conductive layers on an anodized surface |
| US20030070935A1 (en) * | 2001-10-02 | 2003-04-17 | Dolan Shawn E. | Light metal anodization |
| US6916414B2 (en) * | 2001-10-02 | 2005-07-12 | Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft Auf Aktien | Light metal anodization |
| US6861101B1 (en) * | 2002-01-08 | 2005-03-01 | Flame Spray Industries, Inc. | Plasma spray method for applying a coating utilizing particle kinetics |
| US6863990B2 (en) * | 2003-05-02 | 2005-03-08 | Deloro Stellite Holdings Corporation | Wear-resistant, corrosion-resistant Ni-Cr-Mo thermal spray powder and method |
| US6869703B1 (en) * | 2003-12-30 | 2005-03-22 | General Electric Company | Thermal barrier coatings with improved impact and erosion resistance |
| US6875529B1 (en) * | 2003-12-30 | 2005-04-05 | General Electric Company | Thermal barrier coatings with protective outer layer for improved impact and erosion resistance |
-
2000
- 2000-05-06 DE DE10022074A patent/DE10022074A1/de not_active Ceased
-
2001
- 2001-04-27 ES ES01933902T patent/ES2218415T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-04-27 EP EP03025080A patent/EP1394292A3/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2001-04-27 EP EP01933902A patent/EP1285105B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-04-27 WO PCT/EP2001/004780 patent/WO2001086029A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2001-04-27 DE DE50101713T patent/DE50101713D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2001-04-27 US US10/275,504 patent/US20040099535A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2001-04-27 AT AT01933902T patent/ATE262056T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2001-04-27 AU AU2001260260A patent/AU2001260260A1/en not_active Abandoned
-
2007
- 2007-03-01 US US11/681,122 patent/US20070144914A1/en not_active Abandoned
-
2008
- 2008-11-19 US US12/273,969 patent/US20090162563A1/en not_active Abandoned
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2006136334A3 (en) * | 2005-06-22 | 2007-04-05 | Henkel Kgaa | Electrodeposition material, process for providing a corrosion-protective layer of tio2 on an electrically conductive substrate and metal substrate coated with a layer of tio2 |
| WO2006136333A3 (en) * | 2005-06-22 | 2007-08-16 | Henkel Kommanditgessellschaft | ELECTRODEPOSITION MATERIAL, PROCESS FOR PROVIDING A CORROSION-PROTECTIVE LAYER OF TiO2 ON AN ELECTRICALLY CONDUCTIVE SUBSTRATE AND METAL SUBSTRATE COATED WITH A LAYER OF TiO2 |
| CN105112967A (zh) * | 2015-09-11 | 2015-12-02 | 西南交通大学 | 一种具有骨诱导和抗菌性能的导电涂层的制备方法 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20070144914A1 (en) | 2007-06-28 |
| ES2218415T3 (es) | 2004-11-16 |
| WO2001086029A1 (de) | 2001-11-15 |
| DE10022074A1 (de) | 2001-11-08 |
| AU2001260260A1 (en) | 2001-11-20 |
| EP1394292A3 (de) | 2004-06-16 |
| EP1285105A1 (de) | 2003-02-26 |
| ATE262056T1 (de) | 2004-04-15 |
| US20040099535A1 (en) | 2004-05-27 |
| US20090162563A1 (en) | 2009-06-25 |
| EP1285105B1 (de) | 2004-03-17 |
| DE50101713D1 (de) | 2004-04-22 |
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