EP1306299A1 - Navire de croisiere ou de loisirs de grande largeur - Google Patents
Navire de croisiere ou de loisirs de grande largeur Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1306299A1 EP1306299A1 EP02292411A EP02292411A EP1306299A1 EP 1306299 A1 EP1306299 A1 EP 1306299A1 EP 02292411 A EP02292411 A EP 02292411A EP 02292411 A EP02292411 A EP 02292411A EP 1306299 A1 EP1306299 A1 EP 1306299A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- superstructures
- longitudinal
- ship
- width
- vessel
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B3/00—Hulls characterised by their structure or component parts
- B63B3/14—Hull parts
- B63B3/46—Stems
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B35/00—Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
- B63B35/44—Floating buildings, stores, drilling platforms, or workshops, e.g. carrying water-oil separating devices
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B29/00—Accommodation for crew or passengers not otherwise provided for
- B63B29/02—Cabins or other living spaces; Construction or arrangement thereof
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B35/00—Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
- B63B2035/004—Passenger vessels, e.g. cruise vessels or the like
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a cruise ship or wide leisure type with space main public open or semi-open bordered by longitudinal superstructures.
- Vessels intended for cruising or leisure that are the cruise liners and the big yachts are usually monobloc monohulls composed of bridges of which the width is the same or close to the width of the vessel at the waterline. Open or semi-open public spaces are generally located on upper decks.
- some concepts vessels have a main longitudinal public space bordered by vertical longitudinal superstructures on port side and starboard where cabins are mainly housed outside, or towards the sea if they are located on the side away from the center line of the ship, i.e. towards the main public space in question if they are located on the side near the axis of the ship. These vessel concepts have a total width equal to or close to their waterline width.
- the present invention aims to avoid the various disadvantages above, by using a new principle design that allows to obtain outdoor spaces or many exterior, friendly and functional while meeting comfort and safety requirements.
- the vessel according to the present invention of the kind with an open or semi-open main public space located around the axial longitudinal plane of the vessel, space located at the foot of longitudinal port and starboard superstructures, is characterized in that these port side longitudinal superstructures and starboard that border public space are far from the plane longitudinal axial of the ship so that the width of the set consisting of longitudinal superstructures and public space is significantly larger than the width from the vessel to the waterline, the ratio of the width of the set consisting of longitudinal superstructures and public space across the width of the vessel at the waterline being between 1.3 and 3, and preferably between 1.6 and 2.5.
- the ship is advantageously monohull type.
- the lively works of the ship are of proportions classics, adapted to comfort, stability and resistance to advancement.
- Longitudinal superstructures are of dimensions and mass close to each other in order to facilitate transverse balance of the vessel, but may not be exactly symmetrical. Let's call it "extended set" the whole composed of public space and superstructures longitudinal port and starboard which border it.
- the ship can have one or more expanded sets.
- the resistance in longitudinal bending of the ship beam can be ensured by the whole hull and superstructures or by only the part of the ship on which the longitudinal superstructures, these being decoupled longitudinally by sliding joints.
- Resistance transverse of the vessel to roll movements can be provided by a large number of structural transverse bulkheads that extend into the hull and in longitudinal superstructures, beams transverse horizontal can connect in the upper part a longitudinal superstructure to another.
- the ship according to the invention can be made in such a way so that its cross section is close to V or Y, the longitudinal port and starboard superstructures with an overall transverse inclination. This tilt gives to the public space located at the foot of longitudinal superstructures better sunshine and creates a spirit of bleachers.
- the vessel according to the invention can be constructed in such a way that the hull flares quickly above the waterline, with a average angle of at least 25 degrees from the vertical, the longitudinal superstructures bordering public space main being located in front of each side on this hull flared.
- the overall shape of the vessel causes an increase in waterline width when the ship sinks and significantly improves stability of the ship, which depends directly on the inertia transverse buoyancy.
- the vessel according to the invention can be constructed in such a way that hull width does not increase or increase slightly above of the waterline, the average angle between the edge of the hull and the vertical being less than 25 degrees, the superstructures along the public space being located in first on a superstructure located on the hull, superstructure at least 2.5 meters in height and which is significantly wider than the width of the vessel at the waterline.
- This configuration allows to design a longitudinal structure of the relatively simple ship.
- the ship according to the invention can be made in such a way so that at least the rear two-thirds of all superstructures consist of one or more space (s) audience (s) bordered by longitudinal superstructures, the section front consisting of a full area over the entire width.
- This area can be dedicated mainly to spaces public, crew rooms and wheelhouse.
- the center of gravity of this ship is thus positioned significantly more forward compared to that of a cruise ship or classic leisure. By making vivid works more bulky on the front third, but not wider, we balances the ship in attitude, without advancing the center flotation inertia.
- the longitudinal offset from the center of gravity with respect to the center of inertia of flotation is a factor improving the behavior of the vessel in pitch on some swells.
- the ship has a main structure (1) whose part located below the level of floatation (2) constitutes the living works.
- a public space main open or semi-open (4) is located on the structure main (1).
- the ship has superstructures longitudinal port and starboard (3) which border public space and which are well away from the axial longitudinal plane of the ship so that the ratio of the width (5) of the assembly consisting of longitudinal superstructures (3) and space public on the width (6) of the vessel at the waterline is included between 1.3 and 3, and preferably between 1.6 and 2.5.
- the internal facade of superstructures can have an average opening angle (7) between 3 degrees and 50 degrees, and preferably between 5 degrees and 35 degrees.
- the ship may have a hull of which the width does not increase (10) or increase slightly above the buoyancy, the average angle between the edge of the hull and the vertical being less than 25 degrees, the superstructures (3) along the public space being located in first on a superstructure (9) of at least 2.5 meters height and significantly wider than the width (6) of the buoyancy vessel, superstructure (9) located on the hull.
- the ship's hull can flare quickly above the waterline, with an average angle (11) from the vertical by at least 25 degrees; the longitudinal (3) port and starboard superstructures may rise with an overall transverse inclination such increase the amount of sunshine in the main public space lower (4) while substantially increasing the width of the assembly enlarged above the waterline (5).
- the longitudinal (3) superstructures can be mainly dedicated to passenger cabins (12) overlooking outside.
- the traffic horizontal air conditioning ducts (13) can be grouped on one level, the cabins located in these superstructures at a different stage being supplied, in groups of two to four, in air conditioning by vertical ducts (14) from this level.
- FIG. 4 represents a ship according to the invention which has an enlarged set, a marina on the back, an area full width on the front, a panoramic lounge located above from the marina.
- FIG. 5 represents a ship according to the invention which has two enlarged sets separated from each other by a solid transverse superstructure.
- the enlarged rear assembly and protected from the sun and wind by stretched fabrics.
- the back enlarged space is protected by a superstructure full low cross.
- FIG. 6 represents a ship according to the invention which has two superstructures on the port and starboard sides longitudinal separated from each other.
- FIG. 7 represents a ship according to the invention which comprises, on the rear, an enlarged assembly and, on the front, a full superstructure of width close to the width at the waterline.
- a rear transverse bridge connects the two longitudinal superstructures.
- the ship can be manufactured with the materials and equipment commonly used in the construction of cruise or leisure ships.
- the ship can have a waterline width of 32 meters and overall width of 58 meters, for an overall length of 250 meters.
- the longitudinal superstructures and the main public space can extend over the aft 3 quarters of the ship, a quarter front consisting of a full width full area dedicated to public spaces and the wheelhouse.
- the rear part of this solid area which links the superstructures longitudinal port and starboard may consist of steps which create the overall shape of an amphitheater.
- the back of the ship can be converted into a marina.
- the ship can have a waterline width of 13 meters and a width overall length of 20 meters, for overall length of 100 meters.
- the enlarged assembly can extend over the rear third of the vessel, two-thirds forward consisting of a solid area 13 meters maximum in width, dedicated to public spaces and at the wheelhouse.
- the rear of the vessel can be closed with a slightly lower transverse superstructure than the longitudinal port and starboard superstructures.
- the ship according to the invention is particularly intended for mass cruising.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Body Structure For Vehicles (AREA)
- Road Paving Structures (AREA)
- Buildings Adapted To Withstand Abnormal External Influences (AREA)
- Detergent Compositions (AREA)
- Paper (AREA)
- Vibration Prevention Devices (AREA)
- Table Devices Or Equipment (AREA)
- Details Of Aerials (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- l'expression « espace public principal» désigne un espace de dimensions significatives composé de une ou plusieurs zones dédiées principalement à l'usage des passagers ;
- l'expression « espace public principal ouvert » désigne un espace public principal qui est ouvert vers l'extérieur, principalement sur son dessus ;
- l'expression « espace public principal semi-ouvert » désigne un espace public principal ouvert auquel on a ajouté un ou plusieurs éléments fixes ou mobiles, principalement en partie haute, qui ont pour fonction d'y limiter l'entrée du soleil, du vent ou des intempéries ;
- les expressions « longueur » et « largeur » désigne respectivement la dimension dans le sens longitudinal du navire (sens de marche normale) et la dimension dans le sens transversal du navire ;
- l'expression « ensemble des superstructures » désigne la partie du navire située au-dessus du niveau moyen du pont de compartimentage, pont qui couvre les cloisons étanches de compartimentage ;
- l'excpression « superstructure longitudinale » désigne une partie significative de l'ensemble des superstructures dont la longueur est plus grande que la largeur ;
- l'expression « oeuvres vives de proportions classiques » désigne des oeuvres vives dont le rapport de la longueur à la flottaison sur la largeur à la flottaison est compris entre 4 et 10, comme la plupart des paquebots ou yachts de loisir actuels.
Le navire peut être fabriqué avec les matériaux et équipements couramment utilisés dans la construction de navires de croisière ou de loisir.
Claims (10)
- Navire de croisière ou de loisirs comportant un espace public principal (4) ouvert ou semi-ouvert situé autour du plan longitudinal axial du navire, espace situé au pied de superstructures (3) longitudinales bâbord et tribord, est caractérisé en ce que ces superstructures (3) longitudinales bâbord et tribord qui bordent l'espace public (4) sont éloignées du plan longitudinal axial du navire de sorte que le rapport de la largeur (5) de l'ensemble constitué des superstructures (3) longitudinales et de l'espace public (4) sur la largeur (6) du navire à la flottaison est compris entre 1,3 et 3.
- Navire selon la revendication 1), caractérisé en ce que le navire est monocoque.
- Navire selon la revendication 1) ou 2), caractérisé en ce que les superstructures (3) longitudinales bâbord et tribord qui bordent l'espace public (4) sont éloignées du plan longitudinal axial du navire de sorte que le rapport de la largeur (5) de l'ensemble constitué des superstructures (3) longitudinales et de l'espace public (4) sur la largeur (6) du navire à la flottaison est compris entre 1,6 et 2,5.
- Navire selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1) à 3), caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte des superstructures (3) longitudinales bâbord et tribord dont l'angle (7) d'ouverture moyen de la façade interne est compris entre 3 degrés et 50 degrés.
- Navire selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1) à 3), caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte des superstructures (3) longitudinales bâbord et tribord dont l'angle (7) d'ouverture moyen de la façade interne est compris entre 5 degrés et 35 degrés.
- navire selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1) à 5), caractérisé en ce que la coque s'évase rapidement au-dessus de la flottaison, avec un angle moyen (11) par rapport à la verticale d'au moins 25 degrés.
- Navire selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1) à 5), caractérisé en ce que la largeur de la coque n'augmente pas (10) ou augmente peu au-dessus de la flottaison, l'angle moyen entre le bord de la coque et la verticale étant inférieur à 25 degrés, les superstructures (3) longitudinales qui bordent l'espace public (4) étant situées en abord sur une superstructure (9) d'au moins 2,5 mètres de hauteur qui est significativement plus large que la largeur (6) du navire à la flottaison, superstructure (9) située sur la coque.
- Navire selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1) à 7), caractérisé en ce qu'au moins les deux tiers arrières de l'ensemble des superstructures sont constitués d'un ou de plusieurs espace(s) public(s) bordé(s) de superstructures longitudinales, la partie avant étant constituée d'une zone pleine sur toute sa largeur.
- Navire selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1) à 8), caractérisé en ce que les étages supérieurs des superstructures (3) bâbord et tribord qui bordent l'espace public (4) sont principalement dédiées à des cabines (12) passagers donnant sur l'extérieur.
- Navire selon la revendication 9) caractérisé en ce que la circulation horizontale des gaines de climatisation (13) est regroupée à un seul niveau, les cabines situées dans ces superstructures à un étage différent étant alimentées, par groupe de deux à quatre, en air climatisé par des gaines verticales (14) depuis ce niveau.
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR0113652 | 2001-10-23 | ||
FR0113652A FR2831132B1 (fr) | 2001-10-23 | 2001-10-23 | Navire de croisiere ou de loisirs de grande largeur |
FR0200063 | 2002-01-04 | ||
FR0200063A FR2831133B1 (fr) | 2001-10-23 | 2002-01-04 | Navire de croisiere ou de loisirs de grande largeur |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1306299A1 true EP1306299A1 (fr) | 2003-05-02 |
EP1306299B1 EP1306299B1 (fr) | 2008-03-12 |
Family
ID=26213228
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP02292411A Expired - Lifetime EP1306299B1 (fr) | 2001-10-23 | 2002-10-01 | Navire de croisiere ou de loisirs de grande largeur |
Country Status (10)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US7156031B2 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP1306299B1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JP4563646B2 (fr) |
KR (1) | KR100972464B1 (fr) |
CN (1) | CN100400374C (fr) |
AT (1) | ATE388886T1 (fr) |
DE (1) | DE60225520T2 (fr) |
ES (1) | ES2301612T3 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2831133B1 (fr) |
NO (1) | NO20025039L (fr) |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2834687A1 (fr) * | 2002-01-11 | 2003-07-18 | Denis Laming | Paquebot de croisiere a structure amelioree |
WO2010094836A2 (fr) * | 2009-02-17 | 2010-08-26 | Stx Finland Cruise Oy | Structure flottante, navire, et plus spécifiquement navire de croisière monocoque ou analogue |
WO2010084249A3 (fr) * | 2009-01-23 | 2010-09-16 | Stx Finland Cruise Oy | Structure flottante, navire ou analogue |
EP2197733A4 (fr) * | 2007-10-17 | 2015-08-12 | Crystal Cruises Inc | Système et procédé pour améliorer les agréments des passagers sur un bateau de croisière |
ITUA20164403A1 (it) * | 2016-06-15 | 2017-12-15 | Sanlorenzo S P A | Imbarcazione da diporto |
Families Citing this family (17)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2831133B1 (fr) * | 2001-10-23 | 2004-01-23 | Laurent Maurice Mermier | Navire de croisiere ou de loisirs de grande largeur |
DE102004053897A1 (de) * | 2004-11-09 | 2006-05-11 | Jos. L. Meyer Gmbh | Schiff, insbesondere Passagierschiff |
JP5297152B2 (ja) * | 2008-11-04 | 2013-09-25 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | 船舶居室構造 |
KR101185751B1 (ko) * | 2011-06-28 | 2012-09-25 | 에스티엑스조선해양 주식회사 | 스타디움을 구비한 크루즈선 |
FR2984843B1 (fr) * | 2011-12-22 | 2014-01-10 | Stx France Sa | Navire de transport de passagers |
CN102632969B (zh) * | 2012-04-21 | 2015-04-29 | 重庆长航东风船舶工业公司 | 具有商业艺术步行街的船 |
CN102632968B (zh) * | 2012-04-21 | 2015-07-22 | 重庆长航东风船舶工业公司 | 具有通透大堂的船 |
CN102632971A (zh) * | 2012-04-21 | 2012-08-15 | 重庆长航东风船舶工业公司 | 具有阶梯影剧院的船 |
CN102673732A (zh) * | 2012-04-21 | 2012-09-19 | 重庆长航东风船舶工业公司 | 具有通透大堂的船 |
CN102700680B (zh) * | 2012-06-08 | 2015-03-04 | 中国神华能源股份有限公司 | 排水型引航艇 |
USD742805S1 (en) * | 2012-08-28 | 2015-11-10 | Ulstein Power & Control As | Ship's bridge |
KR101476058B1 (ko) * | 2013-10-22 | 2014-12-23 | 에스티엑스조선해양 주식회사 | 스타디움을 구비한 크루즈선 |
FR3067179B1 (fr) | 2017-06-06 | 2020-10-09 | Stx France Sa | Sous-station electrique, installation et procede de mise en place |
FR3077797A1 (fr) * | 2018-02-13 | 2019-08-16 | Stx France S.A. | Navire comportant un lieu de vie avec des moyens de projection d'images |
CN111661263B (zh) * | 2020-06-22 | 2021-10-08 | 中国船舶工业集团公司第七0八研究所 | 一种快速搭载集装箱功能单元的浮式平台 |
CN113799918A (zh) * | 2021-10-29 | 2021-12-17 | 广船国际有限公司 | 一种船舶观光区结构及船舶 |
CN114291204A (zh) * | 2021-12-20 | 2022-04-08 | 中船邮轮科技发展有限公司 | 一种浮体结构 |
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GB2103550A (en) * | 1981-08-17 | 1983-02-23 | Leonard Wiestaw Jozefowski | Floating hotels |
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FR2831132B1 (fr) | 2001-10-23 | 2003-12-05 | Laurent Maurice Mermier | Navire de croisiere ou de loisirs de grande largeur |
FR2831133B1 (fr) * | 2001-10-23 | 2004-01-23 | Laurent Maurice Mermier | Navire de croisiere ou de loisirs de grande largeur |
FR2834687A1 (fr) * | 2002-01-11 | 2003-07-18 | Denis Laming | Paquebot de croisiere a structure amelioree |
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2002
- 2002-01-04 FR FR0200063A patent/FR2831133B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-10-01 DE DE60225520T patent/DE60225520T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-10-01 EP EP02292411A patent/EP1306299B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-10-01 AT AT02292411T patent/ATE388886T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2002-10-01 ES ES02292411T patent/ES2301612T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-10-11 US US10/268,686 patent/US7156031B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-10-18 NO NO20025039A patent/NO20025039L/no not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2002-10-21 JP JP2002305569A patent/JP4563646B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-10-23 KR KR1020020064927A patent/KR100972464B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2002-10-23 CN CNB021480559A patent/CN100400374C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2006
- 2006-09-12 US US11/518,956 patent/US20070022932A1/en not_active Abandoned
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FR475099A (fr) * | 1914-07-13 | 1915-04-09 | August Nogar | Perfectionnements aux navires insubmersibles |
US2966779A (en) * | 1957-05-27 | 1961-01-03 | Larco Inc | Heating and cooling system for motor yachts |
GB1297245A (fr) * | 1970-01-23 | 1972-11-22 | ||
US4046092A (en) * | 1975-04-30 | 1977-09-06 | Toernqvist Bengt Wilhelm | Ship's hull |
FR2478017A1 (fr) * | 1978-01-20 | 1981-09-18 | Jeanjean Claude | Polluzero-solarflot |
GB2083415A (en) * | 1980-06-02 | 1982-03-24 | Forrester Zborowski Andrew | Floating hotels |
GB2103550A (en) * | 1981-08-17 | 1983-02-23 | Leonard Wiestaw Jozefowski | Floating hotels |
Cited By (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2834687A1 (fr) * | 2002-01-11 | 2003-07-18 | Denis Laming | Paquebot de croisiere a structure amelioree |
EP2197733A4 (fr) * | 2007-10-17 | 2015-08-12 | Crystal Cruises Inc | Système et procédé pour améliorer les agréments des passagers sur un bateau de croisière |
WO2010084249A3 (fr) * | 2009-01-23 | 2010-09-16 | Stx Finland Cruise Oy | Structure flottante, navire ou analogue |
CN102292262B (zh) * | 2009-01-23 | 2014-10-08 | Stx芬兰有限公司 | 一种浮动结构,一种大船等 |
WO2010094836A2 (fr) * | 2009-02-17 | 2010-08-26 | Stx Finland Cruise Oy | Structure flottante, navire, et plus spécifiquement navire de croisière monocoque ou analogue |
WO2010094836A3 (fr) * | 2009-02-17 | 2011-04-07 | Stx Finland Cruise Oy | Structure flottante, navire, et plus spécifiquement navire de croisière monocoque ou analogue |
CN102387960A (zh) * | 2009-02-17 | 2012-03-21 | Stx芬兰有限公司 | 一种浮式结构、船舶、特别是单船体邮轮或类似结构 |
CN102387960B (zh) * | 2009-02-17 | 2015-11-25 | 梅耶特库有限公司 | 一种浮式结构、船舶、特别是单船体邮轮或类似结构 |
ITUA20164403A1 (it) * | 2016-06-15 | 2017-12-15 | Sanlorenzo S P A | Imbarcazione da diporto |
WO2017216684A1 (fr) * | 2016-06-15 | 2017-12-21 | Sanlorenzo S.P.A. | Embarcation de plaisance |
RU2706759C1 (ru) * | 2016-06-15 | 2019-11-20 | Санлоренцо С.П.А. | Прогулочное судно |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR2831133B1 (fr) | 2004-01-23 |
NO20025039D0 (no) | 2002-10-18 |
US20030075090A1 (en) | 2003-04-24 |
ES2301612T3 (es) | 2008-07-01 |
CN1429735A (zh) | 2003-07-16 |
KR100972464B1 (ko) | 2010-07-26 |
JP4563646B2 (ja) | 2010-10-13 |
ATE388886T1 (de) | 2008-03-15 |
DE60225520T2 (de) | 2009-04-02 |
EP1306299B1 (fr) | 2008-03-12 |
JP2003160096A (ja) | 2003-06-03 |
CN100400374C (zh) | 2008-07-09 |
DE60225520D1 (de) | 2008-04-24 |
KR20030034001A (ko) | 2003-05-01 |
US7156031B2 (en) | 2007-01-02 |
US20070022932A1 (en) | 2007-02-01 |
FR2831133A1 (fr) | 2003-04-25 |
NO20025039L (no) | 2003-04-24 |
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