EP1261459A2 - Outil de percussion pneumatique a piston frappeur creux - Google Patents

Outil de percussion pneumatique a piston frappeur creux

Info

Publication number
EP1261459A2
EP1261459A2 EP00942113A EP00942113A EP1261459A2 EP 1261459 A2 EP1261459 A2 EP 1261459A2 EP 00942113 A EP00942113 A EP 00942113A EP 00942113 A EP00942113 A EP 00942113A EP 1261459 A2 EP1261459 A2 EP 1261459A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
idle
air spring
piston
hammer mechanism
guide sleeve
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP00942113A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1261459B1 (fr
Inventor
Wolfgang Schmid
Mirko Lysek
Rudolf Berger
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Wacker Construction Equipment AG
Original Assignee
Wacker Werke GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Wacker Werke GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Wacker Werke GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP1261459A2 publication Critical patent/EP1261459A2/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1261459B1 publication Critical patent/EP1261459B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
    • B25D17/00—Details of, or accessories for, portable power-driven percussive tools
    • B25D17/06—Hammer pistons; Anvils ; Guide-sleeves for pistons
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
    • B25D11/00—Portable percussive tools with electromotor or other motor drive
    • B25D11/04—Portable percussive tools with electromotor or other motor drive in which the tool bit or anvil is hit by an impulse member

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an air spring hammer mechanism for a hammer and / or hammer drill.
  • a design has proven itself in which a drive piston is moved axially back and forth by a crank mechanism in a hollow percussion piston, also known as a hollow hammer.
  • the percussion piston is also axially movably guided in the percussion mechanism housing, an air spring being formed in a cavity between the drive piston and the percussion piston, which transmits the axial movement of the drive piston to the percussion piston and drives it against a tool shaft or a striker, where the kinetic energy of the percussion piston abruptly is implemented.
  • Such, e.g. B. from DE-OS 22 60 365 known percussion has numerous advantages over other types.
  • the relatively light drive piston generates only slight vibrations when idling.
  • the striking mechanism is simple, which means that the manufacturing costs are low and the repair options are good.
  • the striking mechanism has good cold start properties due to rapid heating due to the grease friction between the drive piston and the striking piston.
  • a percussion piston and a diameter-equal drive piston are axially movably arranged in a common guide tube. Idle openings are arranged in the guide tube, which can be run over by the percussion piston when the tool is lifted from the rock to be machined, so that the cavity between the percussion and drive pistons can communicate with the surroundings. As a result, a return suction effect through the drive piston is avoided, so that the percussion piston remains in its forward position.
  • the invention has for its object to provide an air spring hammer mechanism with a hollow percussion piston, in which the disadvantages described above are avoided without having to forego the advantages mentioned.
  • At least one axially extending air compensation pocket is provided on the inside of a guide sleeve of the percussion piston which forms the cavity of the percussion piston. Furthermore, at least one idle opening extends radially through the guide sleeve. In impact mode, there is no connection between the idle opening and an idle channel leading to the environment in the percussion mechanism housing, so that the cavity between the drive piston and the percussion piston receiving the air spring is also decoupled from the environment. In contrast, in idle mode, the idle opening can be moved via the idle channel, so that the cavity can be connected to the environment via the idle opening and the idle channel. This enables intensive air balancing when idling, so that any suction effect of the drive piston can be prevented.
  • the air compensation pocket preferably has a greater axial length than a contact surface of the drive piston with the guide sleeve. That means, that in blow mode the air escaping from the air spring with each blow can be refilled via the air compensation pocket.
  • idling openings are provided in the guide sleeve, which can be arranged offset with respect to the axial position.
  • the idle openings can have different opening cross sections. Depending on the arrangement of the idle openings and the cross-sections, it is possible to make the transition between idle and striking operation smooth, which is particularly pleasant for the operator and enables the tool to be placed at exposed points without the tool jumping off.
  • the guide sleeve has a plurality of sliding surfaces on which it is guided in the striking mechanism housing. Recesses with a smaller radius are provided between the sliding surfaces. Due to the reduced friction surfaces and thus less friction between the percussion piston and the percussion mechanism housing, better cold start behavior can be achieved at low temperatures. Furthermore, the manufacturing costs can be reduced due to the smaller outer surface to be processed.
  • the idle openings should be arranged so that they each penetrate a sliding surface, as this means that no additional seal between the guide sleeve of the percussion piston and the percussion mechanism housing is required.
  • an air damper can be generated in a front cavity provided between a front side of the percussion piston and the percussion mechanism housing. If the front cavity is temporarily separated from the surroundings when the percussion piston changes from the percussion mode to the idling mode - that is to say when the percussion piston is moved forwards in the direction of the idling position - air pressure can build up in the cavity, so that a part the kinetic energy of the percussion piston is released to the air spring created in the cavity.
  • the front cavity can be connected to the surroundings via one of the recesses.
  • the compressed air in the front cavity can escape, so that the energy stored in the air spring is dissipated by the pressure reduction.
  • the air spring also functions as an air damper and dissipates the kinetic energy of the percussion piston, so that it is braked before it hits a front wall of the housing and thus reaches its idle position. Accordingly, a violent impact of the percussion piston on the housing is avoided, which is also perceived as pleasant by the operator.
  • FIG. 1 shows a section through an air spring hammer mechanism according to the invention in the striking position.
  • FIG. 2 shows an enlarged detail from FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 4 shows an enlarged detail from FIG. 3.
  • a percussion piston 3 is axially movably guided on a guide surface 1 of a striking mechanism housing 2.
  • a drive piston 4 is guided which is axially reciprocated in a known manner by a connecting rod 5.
  • a cavity 6 enclosing an air spring is formed between the percussion piston 3 and the drive piston 4.
  • the percussion piston 3 has at least one, but expediently two, three or more air compensation pockets 7, which are axially located in the inside of a guide sleeve 8 of the percussion piston 3 that forms the cavity with a length extend greater than the axial length of a contact surface of the drive piston 4 with the percussion piston 3.
  • the air compensation pockets 7 are evenly distributed on the circumference of the guide sleeve 8.
  • the percussion piston 3 essentially consists of the guide sleeve 8, a piston crown and a piston extension 9 extending from the piston crown.
  • a shaft 10 of a tool 11 is arranged such that the percussion piston 3 can hit the shaft 10 with its piston extension 9 (FIG. 1).
  • At least one, but preferably two, three or more idle openings 12 are formed in the guide sleeve 8, which penetrate radially through the guide sleeve 8 and through which the cavity 6 can be connected to an idle channel 13 (FIGS. 3 and 4).
  • the idle openings 12 are arranged as evenly as possible around the circumference of the guide sleeve 8, but at other points than the air compensation pockets 7.
  • the symmetry of the guide sleeve 8 and thus of the percussion piston 3 is to be aimed primarily for manufacturing reasons in order to prevent the percussion piston 3 from being distorted. B. to avoid grinding.
  • the idle openings 12 are, however, also arranged at the same locations as the air compensation pockets 7, that is to say they penetrate the rear wall of the air compensation pockets 7, which is thinner than the thickness of the guide sleeve 8.
  • the bore axes of the idle openings 12 can be perpendicular to the striking axis, that is to the direction of movement of the striking piston 3. However, it is particularly advantageous if the bore axes are at an angle to the stroke axis and the idle openings 12 in the guide sleeve 8 are directed forwards and outwards. As a result, grease, which has collected at the idle opening 12 during a previous stroke, is thrown out of the idle opening 12 when the impact piston 3 strikes the shaft 10. Otherwise, that is to say in the case of a right-angled position between the bore axis of the idle openings 12 and the impact axis, the problem can arise that the bores are at least partially clogged with grease, which could reduce the reliability during the transition to idle.
  • the idle channel 13 is connected via a connecting channel 14 with the environment, for. B. the crankcase of the crank mechanism for the drive piston 4, in connection.
  • the idle channel 13 is formed in the embodiment shown as an annular channel.
  • the idle channel 13 and the connecting channel 14 can also have other shapes and z. B. consist only of a correspondingly generous recess. It is important that the cavity 6 can be suitably connected to the environment in order to achieve the desired pressure equalization.
  • An outer surface of the percussion piston 3, which is guided in the guide surface 1 of the striking mechanism housing 2, is formed by several — here three — sliding surfaces 15. Between two adjacent sliding surfaces 15, a recess 16 is provided.
  • a front air spring is formed in a cavity 18 between a front side 17 of the percussion piston 3 and the percussion mechanism housing 2 when the front sliding surface 15 interrupts a connection to the idle channel 13, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • the striking piston 3 cannot move further forward (to the left in the figures). This means that the air pressure in the cavity 18 essentially corresponds to the ambient air pressure because the percussion piston 3 has just passed over a control edge 19 on the percussion mechanism housing 2 in the position shown.
  • the front sliding surface 15 already seals the front cavity 18 from the surroundings with the guide surface 1 of the striking mechanism housing 2.
  • the percussion piston 3 can also move further forward in the next impact cycle. This reduces the cavity 18 and compresses the air in the air spring. As a result, the percussion piston 3 slows.
  • idling openings 12 are advantageously to be provided in the guide sleeve 8, so that the transition between idling and striking operation cannot be carried out suddenly, but smoothly. This applies in particular when the idle openings 12 run over the control edge 22 at different times and with different cross sections.
  • air compensation pockets 7 and idling openings 12 makes it possible to optimize each of the functions independently of the other and to adapt them specifically to the requirements Large air cross-sections with several air compensation pockets 7 can result in an intensive air compensation to the air spring in the cavity 6, whereby the tendency of the striking mechanism to collapse, ie the impact of the drive piston 4 on the impact piston 3, is reduced, while at the same time the sucking back of the impact piston, which is important in the absence of recoil 3 is not affected.
  • the axial arrangement of the idle openings 12, which is important for correct idling, can be varied within wide limits without having to take into account the air compensation pockets 7.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Percussive Tools And Related Accessories (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un outil de percussion pneumatique pour un marteau de démolition ou perforateur, qui comprend un piston frappeur (3) mobile axialement dans une enveloppe d'outil de percussion (2). Un piston moteur (4) se déplace axialement dans une douille de guidage (8) du piston frappeur (3). Cette douille de guidage (8) présente, sur sa face interne, une ou plusieurs poches de compensation d'air (7). Elle est, en outre, traversée par au moins une ouverture de marche à vide (12). En mode de percussion, il n'y a pas de liaison entre l'ouverture de marche à vide (12) et l'environnement alors que, en marche à vide, l'ouverture de marche à vide (12) peut se déplacer sur un conduit de marche à vide (13) conduisant vers l'environnement, l'ouverture de marche à vide (12) raccordant ainsi à l'environnement un espace vide (6) logeant un amortisseur pneumatique. Les poches de compensation d'air (7) et les ouvertures de marche à vide (12) permettent d'optimiser le comportement d'aspiration en retour ainsi que la marche à vide de l'outil de percussion.
EP00942113A 1999-06-25 2000-06-21 Outil de percussion pneumatique a piston frappeur creux Expired - Lifetime EP1261459B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19929183 1999-06-25
DE19929183A DE19929183B4 (de) 1999-06-25 1999-06-25 Luftfederschlagwerk mit Hohl-Schlagkolben mit Leerlauföffnung
PCT/EP2000/005752 WO2001000368A2 (fr) 1999-06-25 2000-06-21 Outil de percussion pneumatique a piston frappeur creux

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1261459A2 true EP1261459A2 (fr) 2002-12-04
EP1261459B1 EP1261459B1 (fr) 2004-09-29

Family

ID=7912544

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP00942113A Expired - Lifetime EP1261459B1 (fr) 1999-06-25 2000-06-21 Outil de percussion pneumatique a piston frappeur creux

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US6568484B1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1261459B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2003514675A (fr)
DE (2) DE19929183B4 (fr)
ES (1) ES2225169T3 (fr)
WO (1) WO2001000368A2 (fr)

Families Citing this family (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10103996C1 (de) * 2001-01-30 2002-10-02 Wacker Werke Kg Luftfederschlagwerk für einen Schlag- und/oder Bohrhammer mit kurz bauendem Antriebskolben
DE10333799B3 (de) * 2003-07-24 2005-02-17 Wacker Construction Equipment Ag Hohlkolbenschlagwerk mit Luftausgleichs- und Leerlauföffnung
JP4179159B2 (ja) * 2003-12-18 2008-11-12 日立工機株式会社 打撃工具
JP4200918B2 (ja) * 2004-02-09 2008-12-24 日立工機株式会社 穿孔機
DE102006060320A1 (de) * 2006-12-20 2008-06-26 Robert Bosch Gmbh Schlagwerk für eine Handwerkzeugmaschine
DE102007000081A1 (de) * 2007-02-08 2008-08-21 Hilti Ag Handwerkzeugmaschine mit pneumatischem Schlagwerk
DE102007027898A1 (de) * 2007-06-18 2008-12-24 Robert Bosch Gmbh Elektrowerkzeug mit Kaltstartfunktion
US8636081B2 (en) 2011-12-15 2014-01-28 Milwaukee Electric Tool Corporation Rotary hammer
GB201112829D0 (en) * 2011-07-26 2011-09-07 Black & Decker Inc Hammer
DE102012208986A1 (de) * 2012-05-29 2013-12-05 Hilti Aktiengesellschaft Meißelnde Werkzeugmaschine
US9416593B2 (en) 2012-12-28 2016-08-16 Smith International, Inc. Piston strike face and bit interface for percussion hammer drill
EP2857149A1 (fr) * 2013-10-03 2015-04-08 HILTI Aktiengesellschaft Machine-outil manuelle
US10814468B2 (en) 2017-10-20 2020-10-27 Milwaukee Electric Tool Corporation Percussion tool
WO2019147919A1 (fr) 2018-01-26 2019-08-01 Milwaukee Electric Tool Corporation Outil à percussion
FI20206303A1 (en) * 2020-12-15 2022-06-16 Lekatech Oy Impact device

Family Cites Families (19)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1057028B (de) * 1955-07-06 1959-05-06 Kango Electric Hammers Ltd Schlaggeraet
US3034302A (en) * 1960-03-28 1962-05-15 Black & Decker Mfg Co Momentary venting means for poweroperated percussive tool
DE1976272U (de) * 1967-10-20 1968-01-04 Heinz Esser Oelofen-anzuender.
DE2124013A1 (de) * 1970-05-11 1971-11-25 Banzi F Schlagvorrichtung für elektropneumatischen Hammer und dazugehörige funktionsfähige Methode
US3688848A (en) * 1971-03-15 1972-09-05 Black & Decker Mfg Co Air spring bleed assembly
DE2260365A1 (de) * 1972-12-09 1974-06-12 Bosch Gmbh Robert Luftpolsterschlagwerk
DE2262273A1 (de) * 1972-12-20 1974-07-04 Duss Maschf Schlaggeraet
US3835935A (en) * 1973-03-19 1974-09-17 Black & Decker Mfg Co Idling system for power hammer
DE2335924A1 (de) * 1973-07-14 1975-02-06 Bosch Gmbh Robert Handwerkzeugmaschine mit betriebszeitanzeigevorrichtung
DE3010479A1 (de) * 1980-03-19 1981-10-08 Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart Werkzeugmaschine, insbesondere handwerkzeugmaschine mit einem luftfederschlagwerk
EP0052507B1 (fr) * 1980-11-18 1985-02-13 Black & Decker Inc. Perceuse à percussion
DE3304916A1 (de) * 1983-02-12 1984-08-16 Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart Bohrhammer
DE3826213A1 (de) * 1988-08-02 1990-02-15 Bosch Gmbh Robert Bohr- oder schlaghammer
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JP3292969B2 (ja) * 1995-08-18 2002-06-17 株式会社マキタ ハンマードリル
JP3292972B2 (ja) * 1996-03-29 2002-06-17 株式会社マキタ 打撃工具
DE19714287A1 (de) * 1997-04-07 1998-10-08 Hilti Ag Bohr- und/oder Meisselgerät
DE19714288A1 (de) * 1997-04-07 1998-10-08 Hilti Ag Bohr- und/oder Meisselgerät
DE19726272A1 (de) 1997-06-20 1999-01-07 Wacker Werke Kg Einseitiges Luftfeder-Schlagwerk mit Leerlaufzustand

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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Title
See references of WO0100368A2 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2001000368A2 (fr) 2001-01-04
EP1261459B1 (fr) 2004-09-29
US6568484B1 (en) 2003-05-27
DE50008035D1 (de) 2004-11-04
ES2225169T3 (es) 2005-03-16
DE19929183A1 (de) 2001-01-04
DE19929183B4 (de) 2004-07-29
JP2003514675A (ja) 2003-04-22
WO2001000368A3 (fr) 2002-09-26

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