EP1253389B1 - Verfahren zum Trocknen eines Aktivteils und Vorrichtung zur Durchführung dieses Verfahrens - Google Patents
Verfahren zum Trocknen eines Aktivteils und Vorrichtung zur Durchführung dieses Verfahrens Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1253389B1 EP1253389B1 EP20020405256 EP02405256A EP1253389B1 EP 1253389 B1 EP1253389 B1 EP 1253389B1 EP 20020405256 EP20020405256 EP 20020405256 EP 02405256 A EP02405256 A EP 02405256A EP 1253389 B1 EP1253389 B1 EP 1253389B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- oil
- active part
- housing
- pressure
- winding
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
- H01F27/08—Cooling; Ventilating
- H01F27/10—Liquid cooling
- H01F27/12—Oil cooling
- H01F27/14—Expansion chambers; Oil conservators; Gas cushions; Arrangements for purifying, drying, or filling
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B3/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat
- F26B3/32—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by development of heat within the materials or objects to be dried, e.g. by fermentation or other microbiological action
- F26B3/34—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by development of heat within the materials or objects to be dried, e.g. by fermentation or other microbiological action by using electrical effects
- F26B3/353—Resistance heating, e.g. using the materials or objects to be dried as an electrical resistance
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B5/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat
- F26B5/005—Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat by dipping them into or mixing them with a chemical liquid, e.g. organic; chemical, e.g. organic, dewatering aids
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B5/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat
- F26B5/04—Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat by evaporation or sublimation of moisture under reduced pressure, e.g. in a vacuum
Definitions
- the invention is based on a method and a device for drying at least one winding and solid insulation containing active part according to the preambles of claims 1 and 8.
- Bei the implementation of the method is the active part in a vacuum-tight housing
- the device is arranged and sprayed by spraying oil in the housing and by a guided in the at least one winding current to a through the Temperature of the winding heated specific temperature. At a compared to atmosphere reduced pressure is the heated active part of water withdrawn.
- the described method are in a Vacuum-resistant housing the windings of a transformer with electricity and parallel to this by spraying heated oil to a set temperature heated and dried.
- the oil is first at atmospheric pressure and then - in a variant of the method - at gradually reducing pressure sprayed.
- By lowering the pressure to typically 200 mbar is the Degassing and drainage of the windings improved.
- the active part is first through one of the LFH - plant heated low-frequency electricity and heated by transformer oil, wherein the oil is heated and circulated through the oil treatment plant.
- the active part heated to a predetermined target temperature, so will hot transformer oil removed from the transformer housing and the pressure in the transformer housing taking into account the Paschen law reduced to atmospheric pressure.
- intensive evaporation of existing in the solid insulation of the active part Water This will depend on the pressure inside the Transformer housing and the height of the temperature of the upper and / or the Undervoltage winding changes the size of the current, so a gentle Reheating and thus a permanent evaporation of the water from the To achieve isolation.
- the object is to provide a method of the type mentioned, which is a rapid and particularly gentle drying, as well as an easy to to provide implementing device for performing this method.
- the pressure in the housing is reduced to a working value which is greater than one by the Paschen für Float certain pressure setpoint and less than one opposite Atmospheric pressure a high evaporation rate of water from the active part ensuring upper pressure limit.
- the oil contributes to the labor value powered stream in the housing, and is sprayed during the spraying of the oil, collecting the sprayed oil on the caseback as well Reheating and re-spraying the collected oil Temperature of the winding kept greater than the temperature of the oil.
- the Active part is thus already dried intensively at the beginning of the heating process. It is at this time in a virtually oil-free, evacuated housing, by spraying the previously heated oil and by LFH heating is heated effectively. The process is therefore particularly fast.
- An effective control of the drying process according to the invention is possible if during the heating of the active part per unit time from the Active part passing amount of water, for example by measuring the Water vapor partial pressure in the housing, is detected, and if below a Maximums of the amount of water exiting per unit time Winding temperature, especially by oil spray, is kept constant. at switched off current can then be the reduced pressure below the pressure setpoint lowered and then dried very effectively and energy-saving become.
- the quality of the drying can be further increased, if after the Oil spray the oil removed from the housing at reduced pressure and the Winding temperature is kept constant by heating with electricity. By Periodic lowering of the reduced pressure with the power off under the Pressure setpoint can then even small amounts of water from the active part be removed.
- a suitable device for drying the active part according to claim 8 contains in addition to a Active part receiving vacuum-tight housing, one in the bottom of the housing provided drain, an oil inlet and a via an oil pump with the drain and connected via a pipe with the oil inlet Oil treatment plant also at least one in the ceiling of the housing arranged sprayer and one in the oil treatment plant envisaged oil heater with an output that goes through the pipe and the Oil inlet is connected to the spray device.
- the oil is so from the top of the Active part sprayed on and can then on a relatively long flow path a lot of heat submit.
- the spray device being distributed over the ceiling several Having on the active part aligned spray nozzles, which advantageously are formed adjustable, the oil can be selectively sprayed and so the Efficiency of the device can be additionally increased.
- FIG. 1 for carrying out the inventive Method 1 denotes a vacuum-tight housing which does not have a designated valve assembly with a vacuum system 2 is connectable.
- the Housing takes an active part 3 of an electrical device, such as a Transformers, on. Is the transformer oil filled, then that can Transformer housing serve as housing 1.
- the case can also be any other vacuum tight, temperature resistant container with vacuum-sealed electrical feedthroughs and can instead of a large active part also record several small active parts.
- the active part 3 contains at least one winding and the winding insulating hygroscopic solid insulation.
- the apparent from Fig.1 active part contains in addition, an iron core 4 and three each one phase of a three-phase Current associated coil blocks 5, which each have a top and a Have undervoltage winding.
- the low voltage windings 6 are shorted outside the housing, whereas the High-voltage windings 7 with the current output one outside the Housing 1 arranged low-frequency AC or DC generating LFH - system 8 are connected.
- a drain 9 is provided by the on Caseback collected oil 10 by means of an oil pump 11 in a Oil heater 12 an oil treatment plant 13 can be deducted.
- an oil inlet 14 With a in the ceiling of the Housing 1 arranged spraying device 15 is connected.
- These Spray device has a plurality of spray nozzles 16 distributed over the ceiling, which are aligned to the active part. At least some of the spray nozzles 16 can also be arranged on the side walls of the housing 1. Thereby and by adjustably aligned spray nozzles, the active part 3 targeted and not be sprayed only from above, but also from the side.
- the pressure p is first reduced with the vacuum system 2.
- the working value of the reduced pressure used in carrying out the method should be greater than a pressure setpoint p pasch specified by the Paschen law . Below this pressure setpoint, it could happen due to the Paschen law when in an electric field to rollovers. When applying a heating voltage to the active part then electrical discharges could occur, which could lead to an impairment of the insulating capacity of the active part.
- the working value of the reduced pressure should also be as small as possible in order to have a high evaporation rate for the water to be removed from the active part. The working value is below 100 mbar, typically at 10 to 30 mbar.
- the pressure is sufficiently reduced.
- the active part is then heated with a low-frequency alternating current I passed through the high-voltage windings 7 and with an induced current induced in the low-voltage windings 6.
- heated oil is conducted to the spraying device 15 in the oil preparation plant 13 and sprayed onto the surface of the active part 3 from there.
- the combined heating with electricity and with oil ensures that the heat required to dry the active part is supplied simultaneously from the inside and the outside.
- the winding temperature Tw is based on a mean value calculated in a known manner from the temperatures of the upper and lower voltage windings (cf., for example, the cited state of the art according to W. Müntener). The corresponding temperature curves are also entered in FIG. As can be seen, T w is always kept slightly larger than T oil during the drying process. It is thus ensured that the water present in the active part 3 is guided from the inside to the outside. The evaporated water is sucked off via the vacuum system 2.
- the winding temperature T w1 is already relatively large and is no longer very far (for example, 10 or 20 ° C) below an allowable temperature end value T end, for example, 110 ° C. Since at this temperature P H2O a maximum of the amount of water delivered per unit time is exceeded, the winding temperature T w is kept constant at T w1 at this time.
- the oil temperature is kept constant. The constant can be effected mainly by oil spray.
- T w is always above T oil and diffuses the water in the active part from the inside to the outside, and then there on the other during a pause of power p under pressure lowered the pressure setpoint T Pasch and the outwardly guided water can be better evaporated from the active part.
- the final temperature T end is reached and the heating is set by oil spray. Power heating keeps the active part at the final temperature.
- the oil 10 is now completely withdrawn from the housing 1. With the removal of the oil at the same time also by the oil from the active part rinsed impurities are removed from the housing.
- the oil is removed. It can now be removed in a subsequent fine vacuum phase by intermittent heating and pressure lowering remaining water from the active part. Finally, with the electrical heating switched off, the housing can then be ventilated and the dried active part removed or fresh oil filled into the housing.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
Description
- Fig.1
- ein Blockschaltbild einer Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des erfindungsgemässen Verfahrens mit einem ein Aktivteil eines elektrischen Gerätes aufnehmenden Gehäuse, einer LFH-Anlage, einer Ölaufbereitungsanlage und einer Ölsprühvorrichtung, und
- Fig.2
- ein Diagramm, in dem wichtige Parameter des erfindungsgemässen Verfahrens, wie die Temperaturen Toil, des zu versprühenden Öls und Tw einer Wicklung des Aktivteils, der Gesamtdruck p im Gehäuse, der Wasserdampfpartialdruck pH2O im Gehäuse und der von der LFH-Anlage abgegebene Strom I in Funktion der Zeit dargestellt sind.
- 1
- Gehäuse
- 2
- Vakuumanlage
- 3
- Aktivteil
- 4
- Eisenkern
- 5
- Spulenblock
- 6
- Unterspannungswicklung
- 7
- Oberspannungswicklung
- 8
- LFH - Anlage
- 9
- Abfluss
- 10
- Öl
- 11
- Ölförderpumpe
- 12
- Ölerhitzer
- 13
- Ölaufbereitungsanlage
- 14
- Öleinlass
- 15
- Sprühvorrichtung
- 16
- Sprühdüsen
- I
- Strom einer LFH-Anlage
- p
- Gesamtdruck
- pH2O
- Wasserdampfpartialdruck
- ppasch
- Drucksollwert
- T
- Temperatur
- Tend
- Temperaturendwert
- Tw
- Wicklungstemperatur
- Tw1
- konstante Wicklungstemperatur
- Toil
- Öltemperatur
- t
- Zeit
- t1, t2, t3, t4, t5
- Zeitpunkte
Claims (10)
- Verfahren zur Trocknung eines mindestens eine Wicklung (6, 7) und Feststoffisolationen enthaltenden Aktivteils (3) in einem vakuumdichten Gehäuse (1), bei dem das Aktivteil durch Versprühen von erwärmtem Öl (10) im Gehäuse (1) und durch einen in der mindestens einen Wicklung geführten Strom (I) auf einen Temperaturendwert (Tend) aufgeheizt und dem Aktivteil (3) bei einem gegenüber Atmosphäre reduzierten Druck (p) Wasser entzogen wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass vor dem Versprühen des erwärmten Öls der Druck (p) im Gehäuse auf einen Arbeitswert reduziert wird, welcher grösser ist als ein durch das Paschengesetz bestimmter Drucksollwert (ppasch) und kleiner als ein gegenüber Atmosphärendruck eine hohe Abdampfrate des Wassers aus dem Aktivteil sicherstellender oberer Druckgrenzwert,
dass das Öl beim Arbeitswert bei eingeschaltetem Strom (I) im Gehäuse (10) versprüht wird, und
dass während des Versprühens des Öls (10), Sammelns des versprühten Öls am Gehäuseboden sowie Wiedererwärmens und erneuten Versprühens des gesammelten Öls (10) bei Arbeitsdruck und eingeschaltetem Strom (I) die Temperatur (Tw) der Wicklung grösser gehalten wird als die Temperatur (Toil) des Öls. - Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass während des Ölsprühens und des Aufheizens der Wicklung mit Strom der reduzierte Druck im Gehäuse oberhalb eines durch das Paschengesetz bestimmten Drucksollwertes (ppasch) gehalten wird.
- Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass während des Aufheizens des Aktivteils die pro Zeiteinheit aus dem Aktivteil (3) austretende Menge an Wasser (pH2O) erfasst wird, und dass unterhalb eines Maximums der pro Zeiteinheit austretenden Wassermenge die Temperatur (Tw) der stromgeheizten Wicklung konstant gehalten wird.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass bei konstanter Wicklungstemperatur (Tw1) und bei abgeschaltetem Strom (I) der reduzierte Druck (p) unter den Drucksollwert (ppasch) abgesenkt wird.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass unterhalb eines Grenzwertes der pro Zeiteinheit anfallenden Wassermenge der Druck auf einen oberhalb des Drucksollwertes liegenden Wert angehoben wird und sodann die Wicklungstemperatur (Tw) sukzessive auf den Temperaturendwert (Tend) erhöht wird.
- Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass nach dem Ölsprühen (t4) das Öl bei reduziertem Druck aus dem Gehäuse entfernt und die Wicklungstemperatur hierbei durch Heizen mit Strom konstant gehalten wird.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass nach dem Entfernen des Öls (t5) der reduzierte Druck bei abgeschaltetem Strom periodisch unter den Drucksollwert (ppasch) gesenkt wird.
- Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, enthaltend ein das Aktivteil (3) aufnehmendes vakuumdichtes Gehäuse (1), einen im Boden des Gehäuses (1) vorgesehenen Abfluss (9), einen Öleinlass (14) und eine über eine Ölförderpumpe (11) mit dem Abfluss (9) und über eine Leitung mit dem Öleinlass (14) verbundene Ölaufbereitungsanlage (13), dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass in der Decke des Gehäuses (1) mindestens eine Sprühvorrichtung (15) angeordnet ist, und dass die Ölaufbereitungsanlage (13) einen Ölerhitzer (12) enthält mit einem Ausgang, der über die Leitung und den Öleinlass (14) mit der Sprühvorrichtung (15) verbunden ist.
- Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Sprühvorrichtung (15) mehrere über der Decke verteilte und auf das Aktivteil (3) ausgerichtete Sprühdüsen (16) aufweist.
- Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Sprühdüsen verstellbar ausgebildet sein.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP20020405256 EP1253389B1 (de) | 2001-04-24 | 2002-04-02 | Verfahren zum Trocknen eines Aktivteils und Vorrichtung zur Durchführung dieses Verfahrens |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP01810399 | 2001-04-24 | ||
EP01810399 | 2001-04-24 | ||
EP20020405256 EP1253389B1 (de) | 2001-04-24 | 2002-04-02 | Verfahren zum Trocknen eines Aktivteils und Vorrichtung zur Durchführung dieses Verfahrens |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1253389A1 EP1253389A1 (de) | 2002-10-30 |
EP1253389B1 true EP1253389B1 (de) | 2005-11-16 |
Family
ID=26077371
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP20020405256 Expired - Lifetime EP1253389B1 (de) | 2001-04-24 | 2002-04-02 | Verfahren zum Trocknen eines Aktivteils und Vorrichtung zur Durchführung dieses Verfahrens |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1253389B1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1528342B1 (de) * | 2003-10-31 | 2006-08-30 | Paul Gmeiner | Verfahren zur Trocknung von Gut und Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens |
US20120124855A1 (en) * | 2009-07-29 | 2012-05-24 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Method for reducing the moisture of an insulation-coated winding and a spraying device for reducing moisture |
CN102064018A (zh) * | 2010-11-24 | 2011-05-18 | 河南省电力公司南阳供电公司 | 变压器检修作业防潮装置 |
CN102980377A (zh) * | 2012-12-06 | 2013-03-20 | 云南铜业科技发展股份有限公司 | 一种真空干燥富硒渣的方法 |
EP3029403B1 (de) * | 2014-12-03 | 2017-12-20 | Paul Gmeiner | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Trocknen der Feststoffisolation des Aktivteils eines elektrischen Gerätes nach der Vapour-Phase Methode |
CN114353437B (zh) * | 2022-01-05 | 2022-11-22 | 浙江工业大学 | 一种控制腌腊鱼欧姆加热干燥过程的方法及装置 |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS56107548A (en) * | 1980-01-31 | 1981-08-26 | Toshiba Corp | Drying and oil immersing device for insulator |
DE3715235A1 (de) * | 1987-05-07 | 1988-11-24 | Micafil Ag | Verfahren und vorrichtung zum extrahieren von oel oder polychloriertem biphenyl aus impraegnierten elektrischen teilen mittels eines loesungsmittels sowie zur destillation des loesungsmittels |
EP0543181B1 (de) * | 1991-11-18 | 1998-03-25 | MICAFIL Vakuumtechnik AG | Verfahren zur Trocknung der Feststoffisolationen von Transformatoren,insbesondere für Verteileranlagen, und Vorrichtung zur Durchführung dieses Verfahrens |
DE19501323C2 (de) * | 1995-01-19 | 2003-10-09 | Micafil Ag Zuerich | Verfahren zur Trocknung der Feststoffisolationen eines in einer elektrischen Anlage angeordneten Transformators |
DE19637313C5 (de) * | 1995-09-16 | 2007-12-27 | Wilhelm Hedrich Vakuumanlagen Gmbh & Co. Kg | Vorrichtung zum Aufheizen von Teilen |
EP1224021B8 (de) * | 2000-09-05 | 2016-02-24 | Hedrich GmbH | Vorrichtung zur aufbereitung von transformatoren |
-
2002
- 2002-04-02 EP EP20020405256 patent/EP1253389B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1253389A1 (de) | 2002-10-30 |
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