EP1117508B1 - Appareil de percussion a coussin d'air de rappel - Google Patents

Appareil de percussion a coussin d'air de rappel Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1117508B1
EP1117508B1 EP99944386A EP99944386A EP1117508B1 EP 1117508 B1 EP1117508 B1 EP 1117508B1 EP 99944386 A EP99944386 A EP 99944386A EP 99944386 A EP99944386 A EP 99944386A EP 1117508 B1 EP1117508 B1 EP 1117508B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
piston
striking
chamber
drive
striking mechanism
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP99944386A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1117508A1 (fr
Inventor
Rudolf Berger
Wolfgang Schmid
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Wacker Construction Equipment AG
Original Assignee
Wacker Werke GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Wacker Werke GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Wacker Werke GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP1117508A1 publication Critical patent/EP1117508A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1117508B1 publication Critical patent/EP1117508B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
    • B25D11/00—Portable percussive tools with electromotor or other motor drive
    • B25D11/005—Arrangements for adjusting the stroke of the impulse member or for stopping the impact action when the tool is lifted from the working surface

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an air spring hammer mechanism, in which a drive piston and a percussion piston are axially movable in a percussion mechanism housing.
  • Such striking mechanisms are usually used in rotary or impact hammers used, whereby two types of striking have proven themselves in practice to have.
  • One type relates to a striking mechanism with a hollow, in the drive mechanism guided drive piston, in its cavity the percussion piston is guided while the other type has a percussion mechanism hollow percussion piston guided in the striking mechanism housing concerns, in the cavity of the drive piston is guided.
  • Both types of drums common is that the drive piston z. B. via a crank mechanism is oscillating and is located between the drive piston and the percussion piston forms an air spring that drives the drive transmits the drive piston to the percussion piston and this into a Drive direction where it finally hits a tool, e.g. on one Chisel strikes and transfers its impact energy. Then the bounces Percussion piston back and it starts, supported by the drive piston, a new stroke movement.
  • the invention has for its object to provide an air spring hammer mechanism, in which the recoil behavior of the percussion piston is improved.
  • an air spring hammer mechanism with a striking mechanism housing; one axially in the striking mechanism housing and drivable drive piston; one, seen in one direction, arranged in front of a drive surface of the drive piston, coaxial to the Drive piston axially movable percussion piston; one in front of the drive surface of the drive piston and arranged behind a rear surface of the percussion piston first chamber; one behind the drive surface of the drive piston trained second chamber; and with one in front of the back surface of the Percussion piston trained third chamber; the second chamber and the third chamber via a connecting channel in communicating connection are feasible.
  • Air spring applies its energy to the percussion piston and thus indirectly the tool can pass on.
  • Air spring applies its energy to the percussion piston and thus indirectly the tool can pass on.
  • the drive piston moves back builds up in the second chamber behind the drive piston an air pressure on the connecting channel to that in front of the percussion piston located third chamber is performed.
  • This will, when moving back of the drive piston, the return movement of the percussion piston independently of its rebound after the blow and that of the first chamber transferred suction effect of the drive piston supported.
  • a reliable one Return movement of the percussion piston even under difficult operating conditions is the result, so that when the Drive piston another powerful blow can be performed.
  • the communicating connection between the second chamber and the third chamber allows one by the movement of the drive piston caused pressure change in the second chamber over the Connection channel affects a pressure change in the third chamber.
  • the drive piston guided in the striking mechanism housing while the percussion piston guided in a cavity formed on an end face of the drive piston is (claim 2).
  • the percussion piston is guided in the percussion mechanism housing, while the drive piston is guided in a cavity formed in an end face (claim 3).
  • the solution according to the invention is suitable for both of the air spring hammer types mentioned.
  • the drive piston is advantageously designed such that it has a the drive surface and the rear surface forming piston head, a holder for attachment to a drive and a the piston head with the bracket connecting connecting link.
  • This design enables that between arranged the piston head and the bracket of the rear tube sheet can be, which forms the second chamber in a simple manner.
  • an idle channel provided the at least one in a wall of the drive piston has existing idle opening and a wall of the Percussion mechanism housing penetrates.
  • the idle channel is either with the Connection channel or the environment associated. On the Idle channel, it is possible to short-circuit the first and the second chamber. so that no pressure ratios build up in the air spring hammer mechanism can act on the percussion piston when the air spring hammer mechanism is in idle mode.
  • one is movable Control spool provided between a striking position and a Idle position is switchable and the connection in a striking position between the second and the third chamber via the connecting channel establishes while blocking the idle channel.
  • In an idle position it interrupts the connection channel and opens the idle channel, thereby adjust the transition between idle and striking position precisely to be able to.
  • the axial displacement of the control slide takes place advantageously in that the control slide with the tool or coupled between striking piston and die arranged die, with the tool or the striking die when changing to idle lifting off the rock slides out of the housing a little, causing the spool can also follow the movement.
  • FIG. 1 and 2 show an air spring hammer mechanism according to the invention in Beat or idle position.
  • a drive piston 2 is turned into a Connecting rod 3 in, not shown, belonging to a known crank mechanism oscillating axial movement offset.
  • the connecting rod 3 is articulated on a holder 4 of the drive piston 2.
  • the Bracket 4 is integrally connected to a piston head 6 via a central link 5.
  • the thus from the bracket 4, the middle member 5 and the piston head 6 existing drive piston 2 can - differently than shown in the figure - can also be assembled from several parts if this is from manufacturing or installation reasons is appropriate.
  • a cavity 8 is formed on a front end face 7 of the drive piston 2, in which a percussion piston 9 is inserted axially movable. Between the drive piston 2 and the percussion piston 9 is one of the drive piston 2 surrounded first chamber 10 is provided, in which in the initial state Air with ambient atmosphere.
  • the drive piston 2 moves forward. i.e. - based on Figures 1 and 2 - to the left. Because of its inertia delayed subsequent percussion piston 9 increases in the first chamber 10 of the air pressure, so that an air spring forms, the transfers its energy to the percussion piston 9 with a delay. This will finally also accelerated forward and only met schematically shown striker 11, where the kinetic energy of the percussion piston 9 is transmitted as impact energy.
  • the striker 11 gives the impact energy to a tool, not shown, e.g. a chisel, on. Instead of of the striker 11, a shank of the tool can also be used directly his.
  • the problem is solved according to the invention in that a connecting channel 13 is provided, the second chamber 14 with a third chamber 15 brings in communicating connection.
  • the second chamber 14 is - seen in the direction of impact - behind a drive surface 16 of the drive piston 2 arranged. As from Figures 1 and 2 can be seen, the second chamber 14 is one of the piston head 6th provided rear surface 17, one belonging to the striking mechanism housing 1 rear tube sheet 18, the middle member 5 and the actual hammer mechanism housing 1 formed.
  • the third chamber 15 is arranged in front of a rear surface 19 of the percussion piston 9 and is from a front surface serving as a face 20 of the Percussion piston 9, a front belonging to the percussion mechanism housing 1 Tube plate 21, the actual percussion mechanism housing 1 and the drive piston 2 formed.
  • a wall 22 of the drive piston 2 there are several idle openings 23 formed in front of one formed in the striking mechanism housing 1 Move the idle groove 24 back and forth when the drive piston 2 moves axially.
  • the idle groove 24 is connected to the connecting duct via an air duct 25 13 in connection.
  • the idle openings 23, the idle groove 24 and the air duct 25 together form an idle duct.
  • the striking mechanism goes idle when the operator of a drilling or Hammer, in which the striking mechanism is used, the tool from the rock to be processed. This causes the tool to slide and the striker 11 a certain distance from the striking mechanism housing 1 out.
  • the percussion piston 9 follows this path and reaches the one in FIG. 2 position shown.
  • the percussion piston 9 passes over an area of one Fixed edge 26, which creates a connection between the first Chamber 10 via the idle openings 23, the idle groove 24 and the air duct 25 to the connecting channel 13 is formed.
  • FIG. 3 and 4 schematically show a sectional view of a second Embodiment of the invention.
  • the same parts as in the first embodiment are identified with the same reference numerals, whereby a new description is dispensed with.
  • Control slide 28 is provided by a against the striking mechanism housing 1 supported spring 29 is acted upon on one side.
  • the control slide 28 can be depending on the position of the striker 11 between one in Fig. 3 shown impact position and an idle position shown in Fig. 4 move.
  • control slide 28 In the control slide 28 is a connection opening 30 and an idle opening 31 provided.
  • the control slide 28 is in the striking position in a position in which the connection opening 30 a connection between the connecting channel 13 and the third chamber 15 allows while the control slide 28 connects the first chamber 10 to the environment prevents that the idle opening 31 is not above the Air duct 25 is.
  • connection opening 30 connects the connection channel 13 interrupts while the idle opening 31 via the air duct 25 is moved. This allows the first chamber 10 to communicate with the environment be associated, resulting in reliable idle behavior established.
  • control slide 28 requires a larger structural Effort, but has the advantage that the idle travel, i.e. the Path by which the tool must slide out of the striking mechanism housing 1 is shortened can become what is reflected in a shorter design.
  • FIGS. 5 and 6 A variant of this is shown as a third embodiment in FIGS. 5 and 6 again in the striking and idling position.
  • This third embodiment differs from the second embodiment according to FIGS. 3 and 4 in that the control slide 28 has a greater axial length and still extends over the region of the second chamber 14.
  • a connection opening 32 and a ventilation opening 33 are provided in the control slide 28.
  • control slide 28 is in the Location, all openings to the first chamber 10, the second chamber 14 and the third chamber 15 to control.
  • the spool 28 in 5 is in the striking position, he puts over the connecting channel 13 a communicating with the connection openings 30 and 32 Connection between the second chamber 14 and the third chamber 15 ago.
  • the control slide 28 In the idle position, the control slide 28 is guided forward, whereby the idle opening 31 is moved via the air duct 25 and a connection between the first chamber 10 and the environment To avoid pressure build-up in the first chamber 10. Will continue A connection between the second chamber via the ventilation opening 33 14 and the environment, so that the second chamber 14 vent can, without air must be discharged through the connecting channel 13 or that an increased air pressure arises in the connecting duct 13.
  • FIGS. 7 and 8 As an alternative to this, another fourth shown in FIGS. 7 and 8 will be used Embodiment proposed, which is different from that shown in FIGS. 3 to 6 Embodiments differs in that the connecting channel 13 via a connecting piece 34 to the idle opening 31 in the control slide 28 is performed.
  • the third chamber 15 is through the spool 28 from the connecting channel 13 separated and thus does not experience any increase in pressure either.
  • the Percussion piston 9 remains in the position shown in Fig. 8 without the Drive piston 2 can be lifted off.
  • FIG. 9 shows, as a fifth embodiment, another type of the invention Air spring hammer mechanism, in which a percussion piston 40 in a hammer mechanism housing 1 is guided axially movable.
  • the striking mechanism In the top half of Fig. 9 is the striking mechanism is shown in striking position, while the lower half of Fig. 9 shows the striking mechanism in the idle position.
  • a cavity 42 is located on a rear end face 41 of the percussion piston 40 formed in which a drive piston 43 is guided.
  • the drive piston 43 is similar to the previous embodiments constructed and consists essentially of a bracket 44, a central link 45 and a piston head 46.
  • a first chamber 49 is formed between a drive surface 47 of the drive piston 43 and a rear surface 48 of the percussion piston 40.
  • a second embodiment is analogous to the embodiments already described Chamber 50 behind a rear surface 51 of the drive piston 43 and one third chamber 52 formed in front of a front surface 53 of the percussion piston 40.
  • the second chamber 50 and the third chamber 52 are through a communication channel 54 connected.
  • the percussion piston 40 has an extension 55, one of which is not shown Döpper or a tool, also not shown, applied.
  • connection between the first chamber 49 and the second chamber 50 there is an idle channel 56 which is in the idle position of the striking mechanism a connection between the first chamber 49 and the second chamber 50.
  • a junction 57 of the connecting channel 54 is covered in this case by the percussion piston 40, so that communication between the second chamber 50 and the third Chamber 52 is interrupted.
  • the further structure of the striking mechanism corresponds to that already described Embodiments, so that a new description is dispensed with can be.
  • the different design options with regard to the connecting channel and the spool can also be transferred to this type of impact.
  • the second chamber can be used in other embodiments of the invention also a small-sized one, in connection with the connecting channel space that can be brought in and sealed off from the environment, the one behind the drive piston is arranged and in which at least part of the drive device is provided for the drive piston.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Percussive Tools And Related Accessories (AREA)

Claims (13)

  1. Mécanisme de percussion pneumatique comportant
    un carter (1) ;
    un piston d'entraínement (2 ; 43) pouvant être entraíné axialement en sens alternés dans le carter (1) du mécanisme de percussion ;
    un piston de percussion (9 ; 40) disposé devant une surface d'entraínement (16 ; 47) du piston d'entraínement (2 ; 43) et déplaçable axialement, coaxialement au piston d'entraínement ;
    une première chambre (10 ; 49) disposée devant la surface d'entraínement (16 ; 47) du piston d'entraínement (2 ; 43) et derrière une surface arrière (19 ; 48) du piston de percussion (9 ; 40) ;
    une deuxième chambre (14 ; 50) réalisée derrière la surface d'entraínement (16 ; 47) du piston d'entraínement (2 ; 43) ; et comportant
    une troisième chambre (15 ; 52) réalisée devant la surface arrière (19 ; 48) du piston de percussion (9 ; 40) ;
    la deuxième chambre (14 ; 50) et la troisième chambre (15; 52) pouvant être amenées en liaison de communication par un canal de liaison (13 ; 54).
  2. Mécanisme de percussion pneumatique selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que
    le piston d'entraínement (2) est guidé dans le carter (1) du mécanisme de percussion ;
    la surface d'entraínement (16) du piston d'entraínement (2) est réalisée dans une cavité (8) d'une surface frontale avant (7) du piston d'entraínement ;
    le piston de percussion (9) est guidé dans la cavité (8) du piston d'entraínement (2) ; et en ce que
    la première chambre (10) est prévue dans la cavité (8) du piston d'entraínement (2).
  3. Mécanisme de percussion pneumatique selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que
    le piston de percussion (40) est guidé dans le carter (1) du mécanisme de percussion ;
    la surface arrière (48) du piston de percussion (40) est réalisée dans une cavité (42) d'une surface frontale arrière (41) du piston de percussion ;
    le piston d'entraínement (43) est guidé dans la cavité (42) du piston de percussion (40) ; et en ce que
    la première chambre (49) est prévue dans la cavité (42) du piston de percussion (40).
  4. Mécanisme de percussion pneumatique selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la deuxième chambre (14) est disposée entre une surface arrière (17) du piston d'entraínement (2) et un fond de tube arrière (18) fixé au carter (1) du mécanisme de percussion.
  5. Mécanisme de percussion pneumatique selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la troisième chambre (15) est disposée entre une surface avant (20) du piston de percussion (9) et un fond de tube avant (21) fixé au carter (1) du mécanisme de percussion.
  6. Mécanisme de percussion pneumatique selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le piston d'entraínement (2) comporte une tête de piston (6) formant la surface d'entraínement (16) et la surface arrière (17), une fixation (4) pour la fixation sur un dispositif d'entraínement et un organe central (5) reliant la tête de piston (6) à la fixation (4).
  7. Mécanisme de percussion pneumatique selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que le fond de tube arrière (18) est disposé entre la tête de piston (6) et la fixation (4) du piston d'entraínement (2), et est traversé par l'organe central (5) du piston d'entraínement (2).
  8. Mécanisme de percussion pneumatique selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'il est prévu un canal de marche à vide (23, 24, 25) qui comporte au moins une ouverture de marche à vide (23) prévue dans une paroi (22) du piston d'entraínement (2), et qui traverse une paroi du carter (1) du mécanisme de percussion.
  9. Mécanisme de percussion pneumatique selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce qu'en mode de marche à vide, la première chambre (10) peut être amenée en liaison avec le canal de liaison (13), à travers le canal de marche à vide (23, 24, 25).
  10. Mécanisme de percussion pneumatique selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce qu'il est prévu un coulisseau de commande (28) déplaçable axialement qui, dans une position de percussion, ouvre le canal de liaison (13) et interrompt le canal de marche à vide (23, 24, 25), et qui, dans une position de marche à vide, interrompt le canal de liaison (13) et ouvre le canal de marche à vide, la première chambre (10) et la deuxième (14) pouvant être amenées en liaison de communication.
  11. Mécanisme de percussion pneumatique selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce qu'en mode de marche à vide, la première chambre (10) peut être amenée à communiquer avec le milieu ambiant, à travers le canal de marche à vide (23, 24, 25).
  12. Mécanisme de percussion pneumatique selon la revendication 11, caractérisé en ce qu'il est prévu un coulisseau de commande (28) déplaçable axialement qui, dans une position de percussion, ouvre le canal de liaison (13) et interrompt le canal de marche à vide (23, 24, 25), et qui, dans une position de marche à vide, interrompt le canal de liaison (13) et ouvre le canal de marche à vide (23, 24, 25).
  13. Mécanisme de percussion pneumatique selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la deuxième chambre est disposée derrière le piston d'entraínement (2, 43).
EP99944386A 1998-09-23 1999-08-13 Appareil de percussion a coussin d'air de rappel Expired - Lifetime EP1117508B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19843642A DE19843642B4 (de) 1998-09-23 1998-09-23 Luftfederschlagwerk mit Rückholluftfeder
DE19843642 1998-09-23
PCT/EP1999/005937 WO2000016948A1 (fr) 1998-09-23 1999-08-13 Appareil de percussion a coussin d'air de rappel

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1117508A1 EP1117508A1 (fr) 2001-07-25
EP1117508B1 true EP1117508B1 (fr) 2002-10-16

Family

ID=7881980

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP99944386A Expired - Lifetime EP1117508B1 (fr) 1998-09-23 1999-08-13 Appareil de percussion a coussin d'air de rappel

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US6523622B1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1117508B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP4518452B2 (fr)
DE (2) DE19843642B4 (fr)
ES (1) ES2186403T3 (fr)
WO (1) WO2000016948A1 (fr)

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DE10103996C1 (de) 2001-01-30 2002-10-02 Wacker Werke Kg Luftfederschlagwerk für einen Schlag- und/oder Bohrhammer mit kurz bauendem Antriebskolben
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EP2821183B1 (fr) 2013-07-05 2017-06-21 Black & Decker Inc. Marteau perforateur
WO2015143762A1 (fr) 2014-03-27 2015-10-01 Techtronic Power Tools Technology Limited Dispositif d'entraînement d'attache motorisé et son procédé de fonctionnement
JP6971989B2 (ja) * 2015-10-05 2021-11-24 ロブソン、アンガス 往復運動衝撃ハンマー
US11613869B2 (en) * 2015-10-05 2023-03-28 Terminator Ip Limited Reciprocating impact hammer
EP3281747A1 (fr) * 2016-08-09 2018-02-14 HILTI Aktiengesellschaft Machine-outil portative
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE59903113D1 (de) 2002-11-21
JP2002526275A (ja) 2002-08-20
DE19843642B4 (de) 2004-03-25
JP4518452B2 (ja) 2010-08-04
DE19843642A1 (de) 2000-04-06
EP1117508A1 (fr) 2001-07-25
US6523622B1 (en) 2003-02-25
WO2000016948A1 (fr) 2000-03-30
ES2186403T3 (es) 2003-05-01

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