EP1069221A2 - Façonner - Google Patents

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Publication number
EP1069221A2
EP1069221A2 EP00119914A EP00119914A EP1069221A2 EP 1069221 A2 EP1069221 A2 EP 1069221A2 EP 00119914 A EP00119914 A EP 00119914A EP 00119914 A EP00119914 A EP 00119914A EP 1069221 A2 EP1069221 A2 EP 1069221A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
area
stitches
stitch
inactivated
knitted fabric
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP00119914A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1069221B1 (fr
EP1069221A3 (fr
Inventor
Erfindernennung liegt noch nicht vor Die
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Gebrueder Achter GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Keiper Recaro GmbH and Co
Recaro GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Keiper Recaro GmbH and Co, Recaro GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Keiper Recaro GmbH and Co
Publication of EP1069221A2 publication Critical patent/EP1069221A2/fr
Publication of EP1069221A3 publication Critical patent/EP1069221A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1069221B1 publication Critical patent/EP1069221B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04B—KNITTING
    • D04B1/00—Weft knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes
    • D04B1/22—Weft knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes specially adapted for knitting goods of particular configuration
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04B—KNITTING
    • D04B1/00—Weft knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes
    • D04B1/10—Patterned fabrics or articles
    • D04B1/102—Patterned fabrics or articles with stitch pattern
    • D04B1/108—Gussets, e.g. pouches or heel or toe portions
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2403/00—Details of fabric structure established in the fabric forming process
    • D10B2403/03—Shape features
    • D10B2403/032—Flat fabric of variable width, e.g. including one or more fashioned panels
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2403/00—Details of fabric structure established in the fabric forming process
    • D10B2403/03—Shape features
    • D10B2403/033—Three dimensional fabric, e.g. forming or comprising cavities in or protrusions from the basic planar configuration, or deviations from the cylindrical shape as generally imposed by the fabric forming process
    • D10B2403/0332—Three dimensional fabric, e.g. forming or comprising cavities in or protrusions from the basic planar configuration, or deviations from the cylindrical shape as generally imposed by the fabric forming process with gussets folding into three dimensional shape, e.g. seat covers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for manufacturing of a three-dimensional knitted fabric.
  • Spikeln become needles inactivated in predetermined sections of the needle bed and reactivated after a predetermined number of stitches. Bulge the non-inactivated, i.e. knitted areas this, because when you reactivate the inactivated Needle through the interconnected rows of stitches in the inactivated areas are contracted between which one or more rows of stitches of the knitted Range can be arranged.
  • This inactivation / activation can also be done step by step, i.e. in sections realize from course to course, so that one in a pre-defined way it gets knitted fabrics that are e.g. Let it be used as preformed seat covers.
  • a first process for the production of three-dimensional knitted fabrics exists in the increase / decrease technique.
  • This increase technique is therefore associated with a widening of the knitted fabric.
  • When gaining weight are at least on one side in a first type of procedure the increase in the stitches around the desired increase width moved outwards.
  • Knitted stitches in two needle areas separately and then by reassembling at least one area with each other connected.
  • the transfer of the stitches is preferably carried out as follows.
  • the stitches are transferred from an active needle bed to a Auxiliary needle bed transferred.
  • the auxiliary needle bed among other things can also be an active needle bed, is now compared to the active needle bed moved. Then the stitches again, but now in a staggered position, to the active one Needle bed hung back.
  • Another method of making three-dimensional knitted fabrics is that needles in certain areas of the Knitted fabrics are inactivated while using the needles in the other areas. Through later activation these inactivated needles e.g. after one or more Rows of stitches are achieved in this inactivated area Contracting the knitted fabric, what again in the desired manner can be used to achieve certain shapes. If e.g. with a knitted fabric in the edge areas of the flat knitting machine Needles inactivated and this inactivation at a distance some rows of stitches repeated in different widths, so you get a spherical structure with a very homogeneous Structure. Again, the needles should only be inactivated over a few rows of stitches, so that excessive deformations of the knitted fabric can be avoided in one place.
  • the width (number of needles) of the deactivation can be changed alternately be, so that this also causes a scattering of the deformed Places in the deformation area can be achieved.
  • These points are at the points where an inactivated Area adjoins a knitted area.
  • weft and / or warp threads introduced which on the one hand lead to this area is reinforced, and on the other hand that the holes on the inhomogeneous Positions to be closed.
  • This shrinking of the Holes can be improved, among other things, if shot and / or Warp threads made of elastic material, e.g. Elastic threads be used.
  • Another technique to reduce the holes on the inhomogeneous make the increase / decrease / pimples to the normal knitted fabric consists of one or more edge stitches in this inhomogeneous area on catch.
  • One way is to pass the outermost stitch an inactivation of the mesh one or more additional (horizontal) stitch (s) is knitted, which afterwards in the later Activate is knitted in. This way, in achieved greater volume in the area of inactivation.
  • additional vertical Stitch is achieved, in contrast to another horizontal outer stitch if there is an additional stitch in the last active rows outer stitch is knitted.
  • several can vertical stitches can be attached. Both methods effect an increase in volume at the pecking line, i.e. the Line in which the last stitch row before the inactivated Area connected to the first row of stitches after inactivation becomes.
  • this technology can also be used to Knitted sections of any shape with each other to connect as described later in a detailed example becomes.
  • the insertion techniques described above of weft and / or warp threads that catch stitches, splitting stitches and knitting additional ones horizontal or vertical stitches can be used in all operations such as pimples, increases and decreases, if necessary combined, applied to, in particular, a staircase Increase / decrease or with a step-like pimple a dense and homogeneous increase / decrease line or peckel line to obtain.
  • the stitches can be knitted tighter to the formation of holes in this area prevent.
  • Knitting area can be knitted with the A needle while in the inhomogeneity area knitting with A and B needles to increase the knitting density in this area.
  • a and B needles to increase the knitting density in this area.
  • a and B needles to increase the knitting density in this area.
  • a and B needles to increase the knitting density in this area.
  • Fig. 1 shows a mesh of a knitted fabric 10, the width was increased by increasing a stitch. You start chronologically with the increase process, it can be seen that in the bottom row five stitches 12,14,16,18,20 on five needles hung. In the row knitted afterwards, the stitches became 18th and 20 shifted one stitch to the right, causing the third needle from the right in this row of stitches remained free. In The following row of stitches is also this free needle a mesh thread fed so that the knitted fabric in the penultimate row already has one stitch more.
  • the stitch is split during stitch formation the stitch 18 before the increase a first grit 18a generated on the active needle bed while a second Auxiliary stitch 18b on an auxiliary needle bed or another active needle bed is generated.
  • This auxiliary needle bed can the needle bed through which can be quite advantageous the outer stitches 18 and 20 are hung outwards.
  • the stitch 20 created on the active needle bed will also open the auxiliary needle bed, and the two on the auxiliary needle bed Stitches 18b and 20 located by side Moving the auxiliary needle bed or other active needle bed relative to the first active needle bed by one needle outwards Then the stitches 18b and 20 from the auxiliary needle bed be hung back on the active needle bed.
  • FIG. 2 shows the knitted fabric 10 from FIG. 1 in the area of the reduction for a stitch.
  • the figure shows the first two courses the six stitches 12, 14, 16, 18a, 18b and 20 as they were obtained by the increase according to FIG. 1.
  • the stitches 18a and 18b hung together on a needle, which in the course of the further Knit the two on a needle in the last row of stitches connected stitches 18a and 18b combined to form stitch 18 become.
  • This process was therefore the reverse 1.
  • the merging of the stitches 18b and 18a, the stitches 18b and 20 being offset by a needle connected to the left is described briefly.
  • the stitches 18b and 20 are placed on an auxiliary needle bed or on another active needle bed This needle bed or others
  • the active needle bed is then moved one needle to the left shifted and the stitches 18b and 20 are hung back. There on the left of the two needles of the active needle bed the stitch 18a hangs, the stitches 18a and 18b are thus hung together and when feeding the next stitch thread 18 replaced by a stitch.
  • Fig. 7 shows a knitted fabric 30, the first one in the direction of the stick extending increase area 32 and then one in Has removal area 34 extending in the direction of the rod. Both Areas 32, 34 are characterized in that per row of stitches, or every other row of stitches increased two stitches (32) or reduced (34).
  • the knitting process will explained in more detail below.
  • the corner stitches 36 and 38 of the knitted fabric hang on needles next to each other.
  • the increase takes place in such a way that after each row of stitches or every other row of stitches, the stitches on both sides of the stitch 36.38 to be moved outwards by one stitch. This after Moving outside has already been described in connection with FIG. 1 been. By moving it outside, inside two needles free when feeding the next stitch thread be filled with new stitches.
  • the knitted fabric will increase in area 32 constantly wider until 40.42 x new on each side of the edge Have been knitted.
  • the knitted fabric 30 has 2 times more stitches than at the beginning. These 2x new stitches hang between the original ones Stitches 36, 38 that are next to each other at the beginning of the knitted fabric hung from the needle bed. The reverse occurs in the area of reduction Process.
  • edges 44,46 are in each course or two stitches in every second row of stitches combined into one, as it is in connection with Fig. 2 has been described.
  • a pick was shown, within which a piece of knitted fabric is additionally inserted into a knitted fabric. It is of course possible to first knit the take-off area and then the increase area, whereby a "cut-out" pimple is obtained. It is alternatively possible to effect the increase by knitting the stitches from the edge to the stitches 36 and 38 on separate sections of the needle bed and then hanging them together and connecting them together, for example by meshing or side catch stitches.
  • Fig. 3 shows a knitted fabric 50 with a stair nib 52.
  • the area of the stair nib 52 becomes a three-dimensional shape of the knitted fabric 50 is now achieved by needles on the left edge of the knitted fabric are deactivated so that in this area over one or more rows of needles is not knitted.
  • the Inactivation does not become a mesh thread for the inactivated needles fed so that on these needles, the stitches before Inactivation of the needles get caught.
  • the later again Activation of the needles will be the new stitches then the last knitted before the needles were deactivated Mesh connected.
  • the Spickel technology is of course not on the in Fig. 3 shown Spickel limited.
  • Per Row of needles will be inactivated / activated, whereby you get quite moderate deformations.
  • Fig. 4 shows a knitted fabric 60 with a spickle 62 which against Flat steps 64 at the beginning and end (one row of stitches, two Rows of stitches wide). In the transition, levels 66 normal high (one row of stitches, one stitch wide) and go in the middle in higher steps 68 (two rows of stitches, one course wide) over.
  • Fig. 4 shows how strong the shape of the pimple and thus the type of deformation by variation the step height by a stitch row and variation of the Step width can be changed by one stitch. The variation is however possible within very large limits, e.g. over almost the entire width of the knitted fabric and up to ten rows of stitches Height.
  • Fig. 5 shows a knitting scheme for producing an approximately spherical Knitted fabrics.
  • the figure actually shows that knitted textile surface 70.
  • the shape of the textile is now achieved in that within a mutual area the textile surface needles at different intervals and in of a different width can be deactivated.
  • the needles are deactivated in a first area 72, which, for example, only goes over 20 needles.
  • a few Rows of stitches further, the stitches are deactivated in a region 74, which extends over the width of 60 needles.
  • the needles are over activated a width 76 between the two above Widths, e.g. Needles.
  • Other areas 78 are like this wide that these areas are from both sides of the knitted fabric overlap.
  • the points at which there is a deformation of the knitted fabric 70 occurs are the points 71 where the inactivated Adjacent areas 72 to 78 to the knitted areas. Therefore, the width of the inactivated areas, i.e. the number of inactivated needles varies continuously, so that the deformation points 11 evenly within the deformation range b are distributed. This way you avoid furthermore a defined structuring of the acceptance, which in turn would be associated with weakening the knitted fabric.
  • the mutual distance of inactivations 72,74,76,78 is relative constant, so that the deformation points 71 also in the direction of the mesh have an approximately uniform distance. In this way, the deformation points 11 become uniform in the knitted fabric 70 distributed. It is readily apparent from Fig.
  • the inhomogeneities occurring in the marginal area of the inactivations 71 are undesirable because they reduce mechanical Stability and / or impairment of the Appearance of the knitted fabric.
  • About inhomogeneity of the knitted fabric in the edge area of the inactivated sections if possible There are different ways to keep it low.
  • the edge stitch 80 is the knitted fabric Area of the inactivated area 74 adjacent to the top left, placed on catch.
  • area 73 of the opposite Deactivation on the right is a stitch in the border area between active and inactivated area split 82, so that one occurring due to the inhomogeneity Hole, as already shown in Fig. 1, can be covered.
  • Another way of reducing inhomogeneities consists of a weft 84 at least in the course in front of and behind an inactivated section. This way the knitted fabric will be around the inactivated section amplified around. If the weft 84 from a flexible Material is there, the knitted fabric can be around the inhomogeneous Area around.
  • Fig. 6 shows an enlarged portion of an edge of a Spickels 52 according to FIG. 3 or an increase / decrease area 32, 34 according to FIG. 7
  • a spickle or at an increase / decrease in inhomogeneity in the area the spiked edge or increase / decrease edge.
  • the steps of the stairs 90 are two rows of stitches and the width of two stitches.
  • the illustrated Techniques to reduce edge inhomogeneities can also be used at levels with a lower or a higher level Step height and step width can be applied.
  • the edge stitch 92 can be, for example, in the case of a double layer Knitted fabric on the front needle bed on the next lower staircase stitch to be hanged while on the back needle bed the next higher stair mesh is hung. In addition there is the possibility to close the meshes of both beds cross. This ensures the homogeneity of the knitted fabric in the area the edge raised.
  • step 94 another horizontal is added to the step Edge knitted on, which afterwards when knitting together the edge areas can be so entangled that a larger opening in the knitted fabric is closed.
  • a stitch can Don't just be appended horizontally by simply adding another one Stitch is knitted on the outside, but such a stitch can also be vertically knitted as shown in section 96 are not inactivated by the outer needle for a stitch height becomes.
  • This stitch can also be knitted together afterwards be drawn so that a hole is covered with it can.
  • FIG. 6 Possibility of splitting stitches, which also means that Volume and density of the knitted fabric in the area of the pimple edge or the increase / decrease edge can be increased.
  • the options given can of course in technologically feasible interlinked become.
  • Fig. 8 shows a two-layer knitted fabric 100, in which in the upper Position the edge 102 of a pimple, or an increase or Reduction relative to edge 104 of the lower layer by at least a mesh width is offset. This causes inhomogeneities better laminated in the edge area and a better mechanical Stability of the knitted fabric achieved.
  • Fig. 9 shows a corner pimple.
  • knitting course A becomes the stitch hanging on needle 1 of the inactivated area reassigned to the active area.
  • those on the Needles 2 to 5 hanging stitches shifted to the right by one needle. This process is repeated until every five stitches of the inactive area has been reassigned to the active area are. In this way, a corner is created in the knitted fabric.
  • One or more weft and / or Warp threads from the courses / wales coming into the edge merge to reinforce the edge, so that they run along the edge. In this way the edge is reinforced.
  • elastic weft or Warp threads make it easier to compress the edge area and drape.
  • 10 and 11 show the technique of reducing or vice versa Process flow the technique of gaining double-faced Knitted on four-bed machines or two-bed machines with an auxiliary needle bed for each bed.
  • the needles of the two main needle beds or the first and second needle beds are marked with capital letters A to H.
  • the needles the auxiliary needle beds or the third and fourth needle beds are labeled a to h.
  • Fig. 10 shows the decrease starting from the needle A of the front and rear main needle bed.
  • the corresponding stitches are reassigned to the needles a of the outer needle beds.
  • the outer needle beds in process step b moved one needle position to the right. This position is shown in process step c.
  • the needles a der outer needle beds now lie next to needles B of the inner one Needle beds.
  • the one on the needles a of the outer needle beds hanging stitch on needle B of the inner needle beds hung back.
  • the outer needle beds again in their starting position, i.e. moved back one position to the left.
  • This starting position is again in process step d shown.
  • this process step now the next stitch B from the inner needle beds to the outer needles b of the outer needle beds.
  • step e the outer needle beds will move back one position move to the right as shown in step e is, so that finally position f is reached again becomes.
  • the stitch hanging on the needles b of the outer needle beds is now transferred to the needles C of the inner needle beds.
  • the outer needle beds are then returned to their original position moved back.
  • FIG. 11 shows an alternative increase / decrease to FIG. 10.
  • the stitches become from the inner needle beds not on the corresponding outer needle bed, but on the opposite one outer needle bed slung. That is, the left back stitch is from needle A of the back inner Needle bed on the needle a of the outer front needle bed reassigned. Conversely, a stitch is removed from the needle A of the front inner needle bed on the needle a of the rear the outer needle bed. Then be in analog 10 to the outer needle beds by one position Move right and the stitches from the outer needle beds reassigned to the associated inner needle beds. In the procedural step d becomes the stitch B of the inner front and back Needle beds on the needle b of the corresponding outer needle beds reassigned.
  • a particularly dense one can be used Structure in the area of increase / decrease / spikles reached when knitting with all needles in this area, while in the rest of the area only with one of the two twin needles is knitted.
  • the edge area can be defined by a Procedures are knit tighter than the rest Knitted area. If a left and right reduction is provided , these can be processed sequentially. Of course can be used to close all the holes described above Techniques for both increase / decrease and for use the spiked. Another purification of Increase / decrease / pimple edges can be done by single or combined Use split, shot, catch techniques.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Knitting Of Fabric (AREA)
  • Knitting Machines (AREA)
EP00119914A 1996-04-18 1997-04-18 Façonner Expired - Lifetime EP1069221B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19616003A DE19616003A1 (de) 1996-04-18 1996-04-18 Spickeln/Zunehmen/Mindern
DE19616003 1996-04-18
EP97922857A EP0904439A1 (fr) 1996-04-18 1997-04-18 Fa onner/augmenter/diminuer des tricots

Related Parent Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP97922857A Division EP0904439A1 (fr) 1996-04-18 1997-04-18 Fa onner/augmenter/diminuer des tricots

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1069221A2 true EP1069221A2 (fr) 2001-01-17
EP1069221A3 EP1069221A3 (fr) 2001-02-14
EP1069221B1 EP1069221B1 (fr) 2005-01-19

Family

ID=7792086

Family Applications (6)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP00119899A Expired - Lifetime EP1074647B1 (fr) 1996-04-18 1997-04-18 Faconner
EP00119912A Expired - Lifetime EP1074650B1 (fr) 1996-04-18 1997-04-18 Façonner
EP97922857A Ceased EP0904439A1 (fr) 1996-04-18 1997-04-18 Fa onner/augmenter/diminuer des tricots
EP00119914A Expired - Lifetime EP1069221B1 (fr) 1996-04-18 1997-04-18 Façonner
EP00119900A Expired - Lifetime EP1074648B1 (fr) 1996-04-18 1997-04-18 Façonner
EP00119911A Expired - Lifetime EP1074649B1 (fr) 1996-04-18 1997-04-18 aggrégation, augmentation et diminution

Family Applications Before (3)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP00119899A Expired - Lifetime EP1074647B1 (fr) 1996-04-18 1997-04-18 Faconner
EP00119912A Expired - Lifetime EP1074650B1 (fr) 1996-04-18 1997-04-18 Façonner
EP97922857A Ceased EP0904439A1 (fr) 1996-04-18 1997-04-18 Fa onner/augmenter/diminuer des tricots

Family Applications After (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP00119900A Expired - Lifetime EP1074648B1 (fr) 1996-04-18 1997-04-18 Façonner
EP00119911A Expired - Lifetime EP1074649B1 (fr) 1996-04-18 1997-04-18 aggrégation, augmentation et diminution

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (3) US6116057A (fr)
EP (6) EP1074647B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2001501259A (fr)
DE (6) DE19616003A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1997040220A1 (fr)

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CN106012279A (zh) * 2016-07-13 2016-10-12 江阴芗菲服饰有限公司 羊毛衫的无线自动锁眼法

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EP1074647B1 (fr) 2004-09-22
EP1074650A3 (fr) 2001-02-14
EP1074650A2 (fr) 2001-02-07
EP1074649A2 (fr) 2001-02-07
WO1997040220A1 (fr) 1997-10-30
DE19616003A1 (de) 1997-10-23
DE59712175D1 (de) 2005-02-24
DE59712174D1 (de) 2005-02-24
EP1069221B1 (fr) 2005-01-19
JP2001501259A (ja) 2001-01-30
US6308536B2 (en) 2001-10-30
EP1074648A2 (fr) 2001-02-07
DE59711118D1 (de) 2004-01-22
EP1074650B1 (fr) 2005-01-19
EP1074648A3 (fr) 2001-02-14
EP0904439A1 (fr) 1999-03-31
US6116057A (en) 2000-09-12
EP1074647A2 (fr) 2001-02-07
DE59711836D1 (de) 2004-09-09
US20010001925A1 (en) 2001-05-31
EP1069221A3 (fr) 2001-02-14
DE59711963D1 (de) 2004-10-28
US6233976B1 (en) 2001-05-22
EP1074649B1 (fr) 2003-12-10
EP1074647A3 (fr) 2001-02-14
EP1074648B1 (fr) 2004-08-04
EP1074649A3 (fr) 2001-02-28

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