EP1043751A1 - Gasentladungslampe - Google Patents
Gasentladungslampe Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1043751A1 EP1043751A1 EP00201149A EP00201149A EP1043751A1 EP 1043751 A1 EP1043751 A1 EP 1043751A1 EP 00201149 A EP00201149 A EP 00201149A EP 00201149 A EP00201149 A EP 00201149A EP 1043751 A1 EP1043751 A1 EP 1043751A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- gas discharge
- discharge lamp
- ceramic
- coupling structures
- doping
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
- H01J61/02—Details
- H01J61/04—Electrodes; Screens; Shields
- H01J61/06—Main electrodes
- H01J61/067—Main electrodes for low-pressure discharge lamps
- H01J61/0675—Main electrodes for low-pressure discharge lamps characterised by the material of the electrode
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J2261/00—Gas- or vapour-discharge lamps
- H01J2261/02—Details
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
- H01J61/02—Details
- H01J61/04—Electrodes; Screens; Shields
- H01J61/06—Main electrodes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
- H01J61/02—Details
- H01J61/04—Electrodes; Screens; Shields
- H01J61/06—Main electrodes
- H01J61/073—Main electrodes for high-pressure discharge lamps
- H01J61/0735—Main electrodes for high-pressure discharge lamps characterised by the material of the electrode
Definitions
- the invention relates to a gas discharge lamp with coupling structures made of ceramic.
- a gas discharge lamp contains a radiation-transmissive discharge vessel, which encloses a discharge zone with a gaseous, ionizable filling. In this Discharge zone there are electrodes at a suitable distance.
- Such a gas discharge lamp is known from US Pat. No. 5,654,606.
- Metal electrodes were used as a sintered mixture of metal and ceramic material Coupling structure used.
- the coupling structures are used to generate the gas in such gas discharge lamps Load carriers directly in the gas volume.
- Small amounts of metal were added the ceramic materials used to ensure sufficient stability of the Coupling structures in the event of temperature fluctuations, such as when switching on such Ensure gas discharge lamp can occur.
- the invention has for its object a gas discharge lamp with ceramic To provide coupling structures that have improved properties.
- the object is achieved by a gas discharge lamp with coupling structures Ceramic, characterized in that the coupling structures made of a ferroelectric Are ceramics.
- a ceramic material for such coupling structures must meet the following requirements: a hysteresis loop that is as rectangular as possible, a high dielectric constant ⁇ r and a high remanent polarization P r .
- dielectrics have a low dielectric constant ⁇ r and a low field dependence ⁇ r (E).
- An exception are some ferroelectric materials, in which ⁇ r changes abruptly at a critical field strength E c .
- Discs made of ferroelectric materials which have a so-called non-linear behavior can be used as coupling structures in gas discharge lamps. These disks act as ceramic plate capacitors and when you create one AC voltage charges the inner surfaces. Due to the high, non-linear increase the capacitor charge becomes the ignition and the subsequent continuous operation the lamp causes.
- the ferroelectric ceramic contains Ba (Ti lx Zr x ) O 3 with dopants from donor / acceptor combinations.
- Ba (Ti lx Zr x ) O 3 with doping from donor / acceptor combinations is a ferroelectric material with the required non-linear properties.
- small additions of donor / acceptor combinations result in high values for the remanent polarization P r and the dielectric constant ⁇ r .
- these donor / acceptor-doped Ba (Ti lx Zr x ) O 3 ceramics have rectangular hysteresis loops.
- the donor / acceptor combinations Mn 3+ and W 6+ or Yb 3+ and Nb 5+ or Yb 3+ and Mo 6+ or Mg 2+ and W 6+ or Mn 3+ and Nb 5+ or Yb 3+ and W 6+ or Mg 2+ and Nb 5+ or Mn 3+ and Dy 3+ , Ho 3+ , Er 3+ , Gd 3+ , Nd 3+ , Y 3+ .
- BaZrO 3 reduces the coercive field strengths to E c ⁇ 100 V / mm in mixed crystals of the composition Ba (Ti lx Zr x ) O 3 .
- This is advantageous in order to be able to use coupling structures with an operating voltage of 220 V in a thickness that have a sufficient dielectric strength.
- the coercive field strength E c ⁇ 70 V / mm and the Curie temperature T c is with 90 ° C in a range that is still above the operating temperature of gas discharge lamps.
- the Ba / (Ti, Zr, doping) ratio is between 0.997 and 0.998 lies.
- the atomic ratio of the cations has a great influence on the properties of the ceramic.
- the increase in dielectric constant ⁇ r is greatest as a function of E c or T c if the atomic ratio Ba / (Ti, Zr, doping) is slightly less than 1.
- FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal side view of an exemplary gas discharge lamp.
- a gas discharge lamp has a tubular discharge vessel 1, for example made of limestone glass, which surrounds a discharge zone 3 with a gaseous, ionizable filling.
- a luminescent layer 2 is applied to the inner surface of the discharge vessel 1.
- the gaseous, ionizable filling can contain, for example, mercury and argon.
- Coupling structures 4 made of Ba (Ti lx Zr x ) O 3 with doping from donor / acceptor combinations are attached at a suitable distance on opposite sides of the discharge vessel 1 in the discharge zone 3.
- the coupling structures 4 are each connected to a power supply 5, for example a metal pin.
- the discharge vessel 1 is evacuated and filled via an integrated outflow opening 6. When an AC voltage is applied to the two coupling structures 4, which together act like a ceramic plate capacitor, the inner surfaces in the lamp are charged. The high, non-linear increase in the capacitor charge causes the ignition and subsequent continuous operation of the lamp.
- the ferroelectric material for the coupling structures 4 must meet the following requirements: high values for the remanent polarization P r and the dielectric constant ⁇ r , a rectangular hysteresis loop, a Curie temperature T c above the operating temperature of the lamp and a coercive field strength below the operating voltage of 220 V. E c .
- Ba (Ti lx Zr x ) O 3 with doping from donor / acceptor combinations is a material with the required non-linear properties.
- Typical acceptor dopings are Mn 3+ , Fe 3+ , Cr 3+ , Mg 2+ and Lu 3+ , which are installed on the Ti 4+ and Zr 4+ sites of the perovskite lattice.
- Suitable donors are Nb 5+ , W 6+ , Mo 6+ , Mo 5+ on the Ti 4+ and Zr 4+ sites and Y 3+ , Dy 3+ , Er 3+ , Nd 3+ and Gd 3 + on the Ba 2+ courses.
- Mn 3+ and W 6+ (3: 1 to 2: 1) or Yb 3+ and Nb 5+ (1.5: 1) or Yb 3+ and Mo 6+ (2.5: 1) or Mg proved to be particularly advantageous 2+ and W 6+ (2.5: 1) or Mn 3+ and Nb 5+ (1.5: 1 to 1: 1) or Yb 3+ and W 6+ (2.5: 1) or Mg 2+ and Nb 5+ ( 1.5: 1) or Mn 3+ and Dy 3+ , Ho 3+ , Er 3+ , Gd 3+ , Nd 3+ , Y 3+ (1.5: 1 to 1: 1).
- the zirconium content, the ratio of the cations and the sintering temperatures of the Manufacturing, the purity of the raw materials and the chemical homogeneity of the ferroelectric Materials influence the properties of the ceramic.
- Ceramics made of pure BaTiO 3 have coercive field strengths of E c > 100 V / mm. In mixed crystals of the composition Ba (Ti lx Zr x ) O 3 , the coercive field strengths decrease to E c ⁇ 100 V / mm.
- T c 130 ° C in pure BaTiO 3 by adding BaZrO 3 by 4 ° C per at.% Zr.
- the coercive field strength E c ⁇ 70 V / mm and the Curie temperature T c is approximately 90 ° C.
- the ratio of the cations can have a great influence on the properties.
- BaTiO 3 the atomic ratio of Ba / Ti has a great influence on the sinterability and the dielectric properties of the ceramic.
- Ba / Ti ⁇ 1 produces fine-grained ceramics with a high dielectric constant ⁇ r .
- the dielectric constant ⁇ r increases as a function of E c or T c if the atomic ratio is slightly less than 1.
- the sintering temperatures during production as well as the purity of the raw materials and the chemical homogeneity of the mixed crystal Ba (Ti lx Zr x ) O 3 have a decisive influence on the level of the dielectric constant ⁇ r as well as the remanent polarization P r and on the shape of the hysteresis loop. Even small impurities or incomplete mixing of the raw materials lead to a sharp reduction in the remanent polarization P r and to oblique hysteresis loops.
Landscapes
- Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)
- Discharge Lamp (AREA)
- Inorganic Insulating Materials (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Einfluß der Dotierungen in Ba(Ti0.91Zr0.09)O3 (Σ Verunreinigungen ≅ 750 ppm, Tsinter = 1450 °C, Ba/(Ti,Zr,Dotierungen) = 0.9975) | ||||
Dotierung [mol%] | ε r(Tc) | ε r(Ec) | Pr [µC/cm2] | Ec [V/mm] |
- | 61000 | 760000 | 13 | 70 |
0.15 Mn3+ / 0.10 Nb5+ | 85000 | 1300000 | 14 | 60 |
0.10 Mn3+ / 0.05 W6+ | 90000 | 1500000 | 15 | 60 |
0.15 Mn3+ / 0.1 Y3+ | 90000 | 1400000 | 15 | 60 |
0.15 Yb3+ / 0.1 Mo6+ | 900000 | 1300000 | 15 | 60 |
0.15 Yb3+ / 0.005 W6+ | 1100000 | 2000000 | 16 | 60 |
0.15 Mn3+ / 0.1 Mo3+ | 95000 | 1500000 | 15 | 60 |
0.15 Mg2+ / 0.1 Nb5+ | 120000 | 3000000 | 17 | 65 |
0.15 Mg2+ / 0.05 W6+ | 120000 | 2800000 | 17 | 60 |
Einfluß des atomaren Verhältnisses Ba/(Ti,Zr) in Ba(Ti0.91Zr0.09)O3 (Σ Verunreinigungen ≅ 750 ppm, Tsinter = 1450 °C) | ||
Ba/(Ti,Zr) | ε r(Tc) | ε r(Ec) |
0.999 | 28000 | 150000 |
0.998 | 53000 | 470000 |
0.997 | 61000 | 650000 |
0.995 | 45000 | 380000 |
0.990 | 38000 | 260000 |
Einfluß der Rohstoffreinheit und der Sintertemperatur auf die Dielektrizitätskonstante ε r bei der Curietemperatur Tc und bei der Koerzitivfeldstärke Ec in Ba(Ti0.91Zr0.09)O3 | |||
Σ Verunreinigungen [ppm] | Tsinter [°C] | ε r(Tc) | ε r(Ec) |
5000 | 1325 | 16000 | 50000 |
5000 | 1450 | 22000 | 110000 |
750 | 1325 | 18000 | 70000 |
750 | 1450 | 36000 | 210000 |
Claims (5)
- Gasentladungslampe mit Einkoppelstrukturen (4) aus Keramik,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Einkoppelstrukturen (4) aus einer ferroelektrischen Keramik sind. - Gasentladungslampe nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die ferroelektrische Keramik Ba(Til-xZrx)O3 mit Dotierungen aus Donator/Akzeptor-Kombinationen enthält. - Gasentladungslampe nach Anspruch 1 und 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Donator/Akzeptor-Kombinationen Mn3+ und W6+ oder Yb3+ und Nb5+ oder Yb3+ und Mo6+ oder Mg2+ und W6+ oder Mn3+ und Nb5+ oder Yb3+ und W6+ oder Mg2+ und Nb5+ oder Mn3+ und Dy3+, Ho3+, Er3+, Gd3+, Nd3+, Y3+ enthalten. - Gasentladungslampe nach Anspruch 1 und 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß der Gehalt an Zirkon in der ferroelektrischen Keramik x = 0.09 beträgt. - Gasentladungslampe nach Anspruch 1 und 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß das Verhältnis Ba/(Ti,Zr,Dotierungen) zwischen 0.997 und 0.998 liegt.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19915616A DE19915616A1 (de) | 1999-04-07 | 1999-04-07 | Gasentladungslampe |
DE19915616 | 1999-04-07 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1043751A1 true EP1043751A1 (de) | 2000-10-11 |
Family
ID=7903740
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP00201149A Withdrawn EP1043751A1 (de) | 1999-04-07 | 2000-03-28 | Gasentladungslampe |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6417621B1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1043751A1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP2000306547A (de) |
KR (1) | KR20000071556A (de) |
CN (1) | CN1272680A (de) |
DE (1) | DE19915616A1 (de) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2021064036A1 (de) * | 2019-09-30 | 2021-04-08 | Tdk Electronics Ag | Polykristalliner keramischer festkörper, dielektrische elektrode mit dem festkörper, vorrichtung mit der elektrode und verfahren zur herstellung |
WO2022122445A3 (de) * | 2020-12-11 | 2022-08-25 | Tdk Electronics Ag | Keramikelektrode, baugruppe mit der keramikelektrode, anordnung mit der keramikelektrode und verfahren zur herstellung einer keramikelektrode |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE10122392A1 (de) * | 2001-05-09 | 2002-11-14 | Philips Corp Intellectual Pty | Gasentladungslampe |
DE10126958A1 (de) * | 2001-06-01 | 2002-12-05 | Philips Corp Intellectual Pty | Flüssigkristallbildschirm mit verbesserter Hintergrundbeleuchtung |
CN103558475B (zh) * | 2013-11-08 | 2016-05-18 | 中国科学院上海硅酸盐研究所 | 一种用于检测铁电陶瓷储能特性的方法 |
JP2022061375A (ja) | 2020-10-06 | 2022-04-18 | フェニックス電機株式会社 | ランプの封止構造、ランプ、およびランプの封止方法 |
Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0254147A2 (de) * | 1986-07-15 | 1988-01-27 | TDK Corporation | Entladungslampe mit heisser Elektrode |
US4808883A (en) * | 1986-06-11 | 1989-02-28 | Tdk Corporation | Discharge lamp device having semiconductor ceramic cathode |
EP0643416A1 (de) * | 1993-03-17 | 1995-03-15 | TDK Corporation | Elektroden material für entladungslampe, herteilungsverfahren des elektrodensmaterials und elektrode für entladungslampe |
JPH0822804A (ja) * | 1994-07-07 | 1996-01-23 | Toshiba Lighting & Technol Corp | 低圧放電灯およびこの点灯装置 |
US5654606A (en) * | 1994-11-08 | 1997-08-05 | U.S. Philips Corporation | Low-pressure discharge lamp having metal and ceramic electrodes |
WO1998026447A1 (de) * | 1996-12-11 | 1998-06-18 | Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft für elektrische Glühlampen mbH | Kaltkathode für entladungslampen, entladungslampe mit dieser kaltkathode und betriebsweise für diese entladungslampe |
Family Cites Families (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3745481A (en) * | 1972-06-13 | 1973-07-10 | Atomic Energy Commission | Electrodes for obtaining uniform discharges in electrically pumped gas lasers |
US5720859A (en) * | 1996-06-03 | 1998-02-24 | Raychem Corporation | Method of forming an electrode on a substrate |
-
1999
- 1999-04-07 DE DE19915616A patent/DE19915616A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2000
- 2000-03-28 EP EP00201149A patent/EP1043751A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2000-04-03 CN CN00118061.4A patent/CN1272680A/zh active Pending
- 2000-04-04 KR KR1020000017548A patent/KR20000071556A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2000-04-07 JP JP2000106537A patent/JP2000306547A/ja active Pending
- 2000-04-07 US US09/545,787 patent/US6417621B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4808883A (en) * | 1986-06-11 | 1989-02-28 | Tdk Corporation | Discharge lamp device having semiconductor ceramic cathode |
EP0254147A2 (de) * | 1986-07-15 | 1988-01-27 | TDK Corporation | Entladungslampe mit heisser Elektrode |
EP0643416A1 (de) * | 1993-03-17 | 1995-03-15 | TDK Corporation | Elektroden material für entladungslampe, herteilungsverfahren des elektrodensmaterials und elektrode für entladungslampe |
JPH0822804A (ja) * | 1994-07-07 | 1996-01-23 | Toshiba Lighting & Technol Corp | 低圧放電灯およびこの点灯装置 |
US5654606A (en) * | 1994-11-08 | 1997-08-05 | U.S. Philips Corporation | Low-pressure discharge lamp having metal and ceramic electrodes |
WO1998026447A1 (de) * | 1996-12-11 | 1998-06-18 | Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft für elektrische Glühlampen mbH | Kaltkathode für entladungslampen, entladungslampe mit dieser kaltkathode und betriebsweise für diese entladungslampe |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 1996, no. 05 31 May 1996 (1996-05-31) * |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2021064036A1 (de) * | 2019-09-30 | 2021-04-08 | Tdk Electronics Ag | Polykristalliner keramischer festkörper, dielektrische elektrode mit dem festkörper, vorrichtung mit der elektrode und verfahren zur herstellung |
WO2022122445A3 (de) * | 2020-12-11 | 2022-08-25 | Tdk Electronics Ag | Keramikelektrode, baugruppe mit der keramikelektrode, anordnung mit der keramikelektrode und verfahren zur herstellung einer keramikelektrode |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN1272680A (zh) | 2000-11-08 |
KR20000071556A (ko) | 2000-11-25 |
US6417621B1 (en) | 2002-07-09 |
DE19915616A1 (de) | 2000-10-12 |
JP2000306547A (ja) | 2000-11-02 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
DE69807366T2 (de) | Monolithischer keramischer Kondensator | |
DE69704580T2 (de) | Dielektrische keramische Zusammmensetzung und ihre Verwendung in einem monolithischen keramischen Kondensator | |
DE10024236A1 (de) | Keramikkondensator und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung | |
DE102010050554B4 (de) | Dielektrische Keramikzusammensetzung und elektronische Komponente | |
DE2942187A1 (de) | Nichtlineares dielektrisches element | |
DE10117352B4 (de) | Szintillatorkeramik sowie Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Keramikpulvers und einer Sinterkeramik für einen Szintillator | |
DE69024340T2 (de) | Halbleiterkeramikkondensator von laminiertem und zwischenkornisolationstyp und verfahren zu seiner herstellung | |
DE3216219A1 (de) | Dielektrische keramische zusammensetzung und verfahren zu ihrer herstellung | |
DE69202717T2 (de) | Leistungsschalter und Leistungswiderstand. | |
DE102010045597A1 (de) | Keramischer Werkstoff, piezoelektrischer Aktor enthaltend den keramischen Werkstoff und Verfahren zur Herstellung des keramischen Werkstoffs | |
DE2450109C3 (de) | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines halbleitenden Zinksulfidkeramikkörpers | |
DE1646608A1 (de) | Keramische Masse | |
DE69024280T2 (de) | Halbleiterkeramikkondensator von dem laminierten typ mit zwischenkornisolation und verfahren zu seiner herstellung | |
DE10007261B4 (de) | Piezoelektrische Keramikzusammensetzung und Verwendung derselben | |
EP1043751A1 (de) | Gasentladungslampe | |
DE2631035A1 (de) | Bleititanatpulver und seine verwendung | |
DE2941304A1 (de) | Dielektrikum, verfahren zu dessen herstellung, und dessen anwendung in kondensatoren fuer temperaturkompensationszwecke | |
DE19913867A1 (de) | Dielektrische Keramik und dieselbe verwendender Kondensator | |
DE69707247T2 (de) | Keramischer vielschichtkondensator | |
DE3445153C2 (de) | ||
DE3444982A1 (de) | Nicht-reduzierbare dielektrische keramische masse | |
DE10058025A1 (de) | Halbleiterkeramikmaterial und elektronisches Bauelement, für das es verwendet wird | |
EP0513903B1 (de) | Pyroelektrisches Keramikmaterial und dessen Verwendung | |
DE3612705C2 (de) | Verfahren zur Herstellung gepulverter keramischer Ausgangsstoffe von komplexen Oxiden | |
US6956001B2 (en) | Dielectric Ceramic Material |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): DE FR GB |
|
AX | Request for extension of the european patent |
Free format text: AL;LT;LV;MK;RO;SI |
|
17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 20010411 |
|
AKX | Designation fees paid |
Free format text: DE FR GB |
|
RAP1 | Party data changed (applicant data changed or rights of an application transferred) |
Owner name: PHILIPS CORPORATE INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY GMBH Owner name: KONINKLIJKE PHILIPS ELECTRONICS N.V. |
|
RAP1 | Party data changed (applicant data changed or rights of an application transferred) |
Owner name: KONINKLIJKE PHILIPS ELECTRONICS N.V. Owner name: PHILIPS INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY & STANDARDS GMBH |
|
17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 20031127 |
|
GRAP | Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION IS DEEMED TO BE WITHDRAWN |
|
18D | Application deemed to be withdrawn |
Effective date: 20050906 |