EP0854234A1 - Dispositif anti-bruit - Google Patents
Dispositif anti-bruit Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0854234A1 EP0854234A1 EP98870009A EP98870009A EP0854234A1 EP 0854234 A1 EP0854234 A1 EP 0854234A1 EP 98870009 A EP98870009 A EP 98870009A EP 98870009 A EP98870009 A EP 98870009A EP 0854234 A1 EP0854234 A1 EP 0854234A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- jacket
- rail
- noise device
- rubber
- noise
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007373 indentation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000013013 elastic material Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 12
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009415 formwork Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004636 vulcanized rubber Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
- E01B19/00—Protection of permanent way against development of dust or against the effect of wind, sun, frost, or corrosion; Means to reduce development of noise
- E01B19/003—Means for reducing the development or propagation of noise
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
- E01B21/00—Track superstructure adapted for tramways in paved streets
- E01B21/02—Special supporting means; Draining of rails
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an anti-noise device.
- the object of the invention is to produce an anti-noise device allowing to significantly reduce the vibrations induced in the ground by the passage of a rail vehicle, in particular a tram.
- an anti-noise device is characterized in that it includes a jacket made of elastic and resistant material arranged to wrap at least one lateral flank of a rail, in particular a rail for trams. Since the jacket covers at least one side lateral, at least this side there is no longer in direct contact with the ground. The elasticity of the jacket ensures adequate absorption of force induced by the passage of the tram on the rail, as well as vibrations caused by the tram passage. The absorption of vibrations by the jacket placed against the side of the rail will cause that the vibrations will be noticeably that their transmission through the ground will be considerably scaled down.
- a first preferred embodiment of a device according to the invention is characterized in that the jacket comprises a part arranged to be placed under the lower side of said rail.
- the realization in parts of the jacket allows not only ease of manufacture and assembly, but also to wrap the rail over its entire part which is buried in the ground, thus minimizing the transmission of vibrations in the ground.
- a second preferred embodiment of a device according to the invention is characterized in that the jacket has an edge upper arranged to be juxtaposed to the upper face of said rail, said edge upper having a width substantially equal to 42 mm. This dimension of the upper edge of the jacket allows to have between two rails provided with their jacket a gap corresponding to five and a half klinkers, thus facilitating filling the center of the track.
- a third preferred embodiment of a device according to the invention is characterized in that the jacket comprises in its first and second part at least one perforation, intended for passage of the rail spacers.
- the jacket does not interfere with the passage of the spacers.
- a fourth preferred embodiment of a device according to the invention is characterized in that the jacket is provided with fixing means arranged to fix the parts together. This allows to fix the dust jacket to the rail before the installation of the latter and thus to install the rail provided with its jacket.
- the jacket is made of a material having a elasticity factor between 5 NM and 20 NM measured according to the standard DIN 53515. This allows the jacket to withstand the forces which are imposed by the rolling of the tram on the rail.
- the jacket is made of a material having a pressure resistance of at least 40 kg / cm 2 .
- the jacket thus also resists road traffic passing on the road in which the rail is located.
- the jacket is made of rubber, especially recycled rubber. This material has the advantage of being little expensive while having the required elasticity and strength.
- anti-noise device for tram rails.
- this device is not limited to tram rails but can be used for any rail, whether it is a tram, train or other rail vehicle.
- the device finds its application especially on site urban where the rail is buried in the ground. However it could also be used for rails that are not buried.
- the anti-noise device according to the invention is also not limited to the embodiments included in the drawings and other geometries, insofar as they fit the rail profile, are possible.
- Figure 1 illustrates an example of an anti-noise device 1 according to the invention and mounted around a rail end 5.
- the device has three parts 2, 3 and 4.
- the first 2 and the second 3 part respectively envelop a first and a second lateral flank of the rail 5.
- a third 4 part is arranged under the sole of the rail 5.
- the anti-noise device according to the invention therefore comprises a jacket which at least partially encloses a rail.
- the jacket has all three parts, but only one part could suffice if necessary as illustrated in figure 5.
- the lateral flank of the rail being from the outer side of the rail, i.e. the side opposite to that of the inter-rail, could be fitted with the dust jacket.
- the third part might be enough.
- the jacket is made of an elastic and resistant material such as vulcanized rubber.
- the material must be elastic because it must be able to absorb the forces induced by the vehicle traveling on the rail, as well as those induced by the traffic traveling on the roadway where the rails are buried.
- the material must be resistant because it must be able to resist temperatures ranging from - 30 ° to + 40 ° C and keep substantially the same properties in this temperature range.
- the material must have an elasticity factor of between 5NM and 20 NM, in particular between 6.6 NM and 17.6 NM measured according to standard DIN 53515.
- the tensile strength of the material is preferably between 0 , 79 MPA and 1.2 MPA measured according to standard DIN 53455.
- the resistance to pressure is at least 40 kg / cm 2 and preferably 45 kg / cm 2 measured according to standard DIN 53454.
- the deformation at pressure measured according to DIN 53572 is preferably from 12% to 15.9% at 70 ° C for 24 hours and from 6.3% to 6.6% at 23 ° C for 72 hours.
- the material used is recycled rubber obtained from used tires. These used tires are shredded in powder and the ground rubber is then amalgamated with polyurethane to form by different pressure molding parts of the dust jacket.
- recycled rubber is that this material allows the manufacture of inexpensive jackets and offers a solution for recycling used tires.
- Another benefit of using rubber is that when the dust jacket and the rail are put in the ground, the rubber of the dust jacket gives better grip to the tires vehicles and thus limits the effects of the lack of grip that cause the steel rails.
- the jacket preferably has a length of 1.20 m corresponding to a modulation which adjusts to the conventional length tram rails.
- the jacket is provided with fixing means (6, 7 and 8) arranged to fix the different parts together. These means of attachment have a protrusion 6 applied to the outer face first and second parts of the dust jacket. In this protuberance is provided with a notch 7 in which is housed a concrete iron 8. The concrete iron wraps the jacket and thus connects the three parts between them.
- the advantage of using fastening means is that the mounting jackets can be done before placing the rail in the ground.
- the rail provided with its jacket can be placed as a whole.
- the rail with its cover can thus be transported and delivered as a assembly and assembly of the jacket must not be done on the site where the rail is installed.
- the jacket has a profile 10, 11 and 12 which matches the geometry 13, 14 and 15 of the rail. This is important because the jacket must be in direct contact with the rail.
- the purpose of the jacket is to absorb the vibrations produced by the tram or other vehicle which runs on the rail. The rotation of the steel wheels of the tram on the steel of the rail causes induction of vibrations in the rail. Without the presence of jackets these vibrations are transmitted from the ground to buildings which run along the tram tracks, causing not only damage to buildings but also nuisance to residents who are sometimes disturbed in their sleep due to these vibrations.
- the presence of the jacket now makes it possible to absorb the major part of these vibrations and thus significantly reduce their induction in the soil. Since the jacket perfectly fits the rail geometry, the vibrations induced in the rail are transmitted to the elastic and resistant material of the jacket which absorbs them. When the dust jacket contains the three parts both lateral vibrations as transverse are absorbed and their induction in the soil is significantly reduced.
- the first 2 and second 3 part of the jacket have each an angle geometry at their lower part 20, 21 which comes take the angled section 22, 23 of the third part of the jacket. So the different parts of the dust jacket are complementary to such so as to substantially envelop the lateral and lower sides of the rail.
- the jacket is also provided with a perforation 24, 25 in its first 2 and second part 3 intended for the passage of a rail spacer 16 as shown in Figure 3.
- the spacer can also be used as a means of fixing the jacket to the rail, for example example using bolts 17.
- the external geometry of the first and second part of the dust jacket has a hollow in order to strengthen on the one hand the structure of the dust jacket and secondly allow to form a concrete formwork which is poured along the rail when the latter is placed in the ground. Concrete comes thus to be lodged in this hollow and makes it possible to maintain the rail with its jacket in place.
- the distance d (figures 2 and 4) from the upper edge of the first 2 and second 3 part of the jacket, arranged to be juxtaposed on the face upper of the rail, has a width substantially equal to 42 mm. This allows to arrange between two rails a distance corresponding to five klinker 18 and a half and thus facilitates the filling of the center of the track.
- the lower form of the dust jacket is provided in the form of a pin, so as to enclose the third part 4 during the prepose.
- FIG. 5 illustrates another embodiment of a anti-noise device according to the invention.
- the dust jacket has only one part 30 placed against the first flank, that is to say the outer flank of the rail 5.
- the jacket is used here not only anti-noise device, but also single shoulder profile.
- the jacket materializes the filling of the rails outside of the track and separates the rail from the concrete filling of the roadway. Concrete does will therefore no longer be in direct contact with the rail, which has the consequence that the vibrations induced by the tram in the rails will, at least in large part, absorbed by device 30 and will no longer be directly induced in concrete. Concrete will therefore be less likely to crack and break due to vibrations. Since the jacket is installed directly against the rail, it also serves as a gasket for area.
- the jacket 30 has a flat profile 31 on its side outside and has a recess 32 at its lower part. This allows overlap the rail fasteners, applied either on wooden sleepers, either on precast or poured concrete sleepers.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Railway Tracks (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
- Control Of Motors That Do Not Use Commutators (AREA)
- Surgical Instruments (AREA)
- Transplanting Machines (AREA)
- Road Paving Structures (AREA)
- Building Environments (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Comme le tram circule en milieu urbain les vibrations sont transposées par le sol vers les immeubles. Plus il y aura de trams qui circulent, plus il y aura des vibrations induites et plus le risque de dégâts causés aux immeubles le long des rues où passe le tram sera élevé. Mis à part le risque de dégâts aux immeubles il y a aussi la nuisance causée par ces vibrations au riverain. En effet la nuisance causée par les vibrations induites par le passage du tram peuvent aller jusqu'à perturber le sommeil du riverain.
La réalisation en parties de la jaquette permet non seulement une facilité de fabrication et de montage, mais également d'envelopper le rail sur toute sa partie qui est enterrée dans le sol, limitant ainsi au maximum la transmission de vibrations dans le sol.
Claims (12)
- Dispositif anti-bruit caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte une jaquette en matière élastique et résistante agencée pour envelopper au moins un flanc latéral d'un rail, en particulier un rail pour tramways.
- Dispositif anti-bruit suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la jaquette comporte une première respectivement deuxième partie agencée pour envelopper un premier respectivement un deuxième flanc latéral dudit rail.
- Dispositif anti-bruit suivant la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que la jaquette comporte une troisième partie agencée à être placée sous le flanc inférieur dudit rail.
- Dispositif anti-bruit suivant la revendication 2 et 3, caractérisé en ce que la première, deuxième et troisième partie de la jaquette sont complémentaires de telle façon à envelopper sensiblement complètement les flancs latéraux et le flanc inférieur.
- Dispositif anti-bruit suivant la revendication 2 ou 4, caractérisé en ce que la jaquette comporte un bord supérieur agencé à être juxtaposé à la face supérieure dudit rail, ledit bord supérieur ayant une largeur sensiblement égale à 42 mm.
- Dispositif anti-bruit suivant l'une des revendications 2, 4 ou 5, caractérisé en ce que la jaquette comporte dans sa première et deuxième partie au moins une perforation destinée au passage des distanciateurs de rails.
- Dispositif anti-bruit suivant l'une des revendications 2 à 6, caractérisé en ce que la jaquette est pourvue de moyens de fixation agencés pour fixer les parties entre elles.
- Dispositif anti-bruit suivant la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que les moyens de fixation comportent une échancrure dans la première et deuxième partie et un fer à béton agencé à être fixé dans les échancrures.
- Dispositif anti-bruit suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce que la jaquette est fabriquée en une matière ayant un facteur d'élasticité compris entre 5 NM et 20 NM mesuré suivant la norme DIN 53515.
- Dispositif anti-bruit suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisé en ce que la jaquette est fabriquée en une matière ayant une résistance à la pression d'au moins 40 Kg/cm2.
- Dispositif anti-bruit suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 10, caractérisé en ce que la jaquette est fabriquée en caoutchouc, en particulier du caoutchouc recyclé.
- Dispositif anti-bruit suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la jaquette comporte un profil plat sur un côté extérieur et un évidement à sa partie inférieure.
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
BE9700045A BE1010354A6 (fr) | 1997-01-16 | 1997-01-16 | Dispositif anti-bruit. |
BE9700045 | 1997-01-16 | ||
BE9700397A BE1010355A6 (fr) | 1997-01-16 | 1997-04-30 | Dispositif anti-bruit. |
BE9700397 | 1997-04-30 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0854234A1 true EP0854234A1 (fr) | 1998-07-22 |
EP0854234B1 EP0854234B1 (fr) | 2004-06-16 |
Family
ID=25663079
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP98870009A Expired - Lifetime EP0854234B1 (fr) | 1997-01-16 | 1998-01-16 | Dispositif anti-bruit |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0854234B1 (fr) |
AT (1) | ATE269444T1 (fr) |
BE (1) | BE1010355A6 (fr) |
DE (1) | DE69824459T2 (fr) |
ES (1) | ES2224350T3 (fr) |
PT (1) | PT854234E (fr) |
Cited By (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2000055426A3 (fr) * | 1999-03-15 | 2000-12-28 | Knape Vermoegensverwaltungs Gm | Structure de voie comportant des rails dotes d'une couche amortissante/elastique et poses sur une couche d'appui moulee autour de la matiere amortissante/elastique |
BE1014197A3 (fr) | 2001-02-16 | 2003-06-03 | Dirven Stuphane | Ensemble d'un rail et d'une jaquette en matiere elastique. |
WO2005007969A1 (fr) * | 2003-07-15 | 2005-01-27 | Corus Uk Limited | Pince d'amortisseur de rail |
WO2006032684A1 (fr) * | 2004-09-21 | 2006-03-30 | Feronia S.A. | Procédé d'enrobage d'un rail pour véhicule ferroviaire. |
GB2421265A (en) * | 2004-12-16 | 2006-06-21 | Tiflex Ltd | Railway rail with vibration damper |
EP1916336A1 (fr) * | 2006-10-19 | 2008-04-30 | Plastiform's | Dispositif d'isolation et d'étanchéité d'un rail de matériel roulant, du type tramway, monté sur des traverses |
EP1988213A1 (fr) * | 2007-05-02 | 2008-11-05 | edilon)(sedra B.V. | Élément support de rail préfabriqué |
EP2354301A1 (fr) | 2010-02-03 | 2011-08-10 | Cdm Nv | Amortisseur de vibrations avec une gaine élastique pour rail à support continu et procédé de fixation de cet amortisseur. |
WO2011094826A1 (fr) | 2010-02-03 | 2011-08-11 | Cdm N.V. | Procede de production de ballast de voie ferree avec rail integre supporte en continu |
WO2011094825A1 (fr) | 2010-02-03 | 2011-08-11 | Cdm N.V. | Isolation électrique pour un amortisseur de vibrations avec un capuchon élastique pour des rails supportés de façon continue |
EP2386686A1 (fr) * | 2010-05-11 | 2011-11-16 | Matthias Müller | Dispositif de réduction des grincements dans les courbes, survenant lors du passage d'un véhicule ferroviaire sur une courbe de voie ferrée |
CN102660911A (zh) * | 2012-05-30 | 2012-09-12 | 浙江瑞豪橡塑有限公司 | 一种槽型钢轨用减振橡胶套靴 |
EP2845950A1 (fr) | 2013-09-04 | 2015-03-11 | Prefarails Holding | Voie ferrée sans ballast |
EP2845951A1 (fr) | 2013-09-04 | 2015-03-11 | Prefarails Holding | Jaquette pour rail destiné aux véhicules ferroviaires |
CN111287034A (zh) * | 2020-03-03 | 2020-06-16 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七一一研究所 | 有轨电车钢轨的防护装置 |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1895054A1 (fr) | 2006-08-31 | 2008-03-05 | Feronia S.A. | Dispositif antibruit d'un rail pour des véhicules ferroviaires |
CN111851162B (zh) * | 2020-07-07 | 2022-05-03 | 江苏金洋机械有限公司 | 一种铁路轨道垫板施工用减震降噪装置 |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3345388A1 (de) * | 1983-12-15 | 1985-06-27 | Phoenix Ag, 2100 Hamburg | Elastisches stuetzlager fuer schienen von strassenbahnen |
DE4004208A1 (de) * | 1990-02-12 | 1991-08-14 | Chem Fab Biebrich Vorm Seck & | Schalldaemmvorrichtung an strassenbahnschienen |
DE4344815A1 (de) * | 1992-12-30 | 1994-07-07 | Umb Trading Ltd | Vorrichtung zur Reduktion von Körper- und Luftschall an Schienen |
WO1995030796A1 (fr) * | 1994-05-05 | 1995-11-16 | Phoenix Aktiengesellschaft | Systeme de rail |
-
1997
- 1997-04-30 BE BE9700397A patent/BE1010355A6/fr not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1998
- 1998-01-16 AT AT98870009T patent/ATE269444T1/de active
- 1998-01-16 ES ES98870009T patent/ES2224350T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-01-16 PT PT98870009T patent/PT854234E/pt unknown
- 1998-01-16 EP EP98870009A patent/EP0854234B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-01-16 DE DE69824459T patent/DE69824459T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3345388A1 (de) * | 1983-12-15 | 1985-06-27 | Phoenix Ag, 2100 Hamburg | Elastisches stuetzlager fuer schienen von strassenbahnen |
DE4004208A1 (de) * | 1990-02-12 | 1991-08-14 | Chem Fab Biebrich Vorm Seck & | Schalldaemmvorrichtung an strassenbahnschienen |
DE4344815A1 (de) * | 1992-12-30 | 1994-07-07 | Umb Trading Ltd | Vorrichtung zur Reduktion von Körper- und Luftschall an Schienen |
WO1995030796A1 (fr) * | 1994-05-05 | 1995-11-16 | Phoenix Aktiengesellschaft | Systeme de rail |
Cited By (18)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2000055426A3 (fr) * | 1999-03-15 | 2000-12-28 | Knape Vermoegensverwaltungs Gm | Structure de voie comportant des rails dotes d'une couche amortissante/elastique et poses sur une couche d'appui moulee autour de la matiere amortissante/elastique |
BE1014197A3 (fr) | 2001-02-16 | 2003-06-03 | Dirven Stuphane | Ensemble d'un rail et d'une jaquette en matiere elastique. |
WO2005007969A1 (fr) * | 2003-07-15 | 2005-01-27 | Corus Uk Limited | Pince d'amortisseur de rail |
US8602318B2 (en) | 2004-09-21 | 2013-12-10 | Feronia S.A. | Method of covering a rail for a railway vehicle |
WO2006032684A1 (fr) * | 2004-09-21 | 2006-03-30 | Feronia S.A. | Procédé d'enrobage d'un rail pour véhicule ferroviaire. |
GB2421265A (en) * | 2004-12-16 | 2006-06-21 | Tiflex Ltd | Railway rail with vibration damper |
EP1916336A1 (fr) * | 2006-10-19 | 2008-04-30 | Plastiform's | Dispositif d'isolation et d'étanchéité d'un rail de matériel roulant, du type tramway, monté sur des traverses |
EP1988213A1 (fr) * | 2007-05-02 | 2008-11-05 | edilon)(sedra B.V. | Élément support de rail préfabriqué |
EP2354301A1 (fr) | 2010-02-03 | 2011-08-10 | Cdm Nv | Amortisseur de vibrations avec une gaine élastique pour rail à support continu et procédé de fixation de cet amortisseur. |
WO2011094826A1 (fr) | 2010-02-03 | 2011-08-11 | Cdm N.V. | Procede de production de ballast de voie ferree avec rail integre supporte en continu |
WO2011094825A1 (fr) | 2010-02-03 | 2011-08-11 | Cdm N.V. | Isolation électrique pour un amortisseur de vibrations avec un capuchon élastique pour des rails supportés de façon continue |
EP2386686A1 (fr) * | 2010-05-11 | 2011-11-16 | Matthias Müller | Dispositif de réduction des grincements dans les courbes, survenant lors du passage d'un véhicule ferroviaire sur une courbe de voie ferrée |
CN102660911A (zh) * | 2012-05-30 | 2012-09-12 | 浙江瑞豪橡塑有限公司 | 一种槽型钢轨用减振橡胶套靴 |
EP2845950A1 (fr) | 2013-09-04 | 2015-03-11 | Prefarails Holding | Voie ferrée sans ballast |
EP2845951A1 (fr) | 2013-09-04 | 2015-03-11 | Prefarails Holding | Jaquette pour rail destiné aux véhicules ferroviaires |
WO2015032879A1 (fr) | 2013-09-04 | 2015-03-12 | Prefarails Holding | Jaquette pour rail destine aux vehicules ferroviaires |
WO2015032875A1 (fr) | 2013-09-04 | 2015-03-12 | Prefarails Holding | Voie ferree sans ballast |
CN111287034A (zh) * | 2020-03-03 | 2020-06-16 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七一一研究所 | 有轨电车钢轨的防护装置 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
PT854234E (pt) | 2004-11-30 |
EP0854234B1 (fr) | 2004-06-16 |
ES2224350T3 (es) | 2005-03-01 |
BE1010355A6 (fr) | 1998-06-02 |
DE69824459D1 (de) | 2004-07-22 |
DE69824459T2 (de) | 2005-08-25 |
ATE269444T1 (de) | 2004-07-15 |
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