EP0758571B2 - Procédé pour la réalisation d'une surface concave dans une ébauche de verre à lunette - Google Patents

Procédé pour la réalisation d'une surface concave dans une ébauche de verre à lunette Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0758571B2
EP0758571B2 EP96112436A EP96112436A EP0758571B2 EP 0758571 B2 EP0758571 B2 EP 0758571B2 EP 96112436 A EP96112436 A EP 96112436A EP 96112436 A EP96112436 A EP 96112436A EP 0758571 B2 EP0758571 B2 EP 0758571B2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tool
workpiece
axis
edge
axes
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP96112436A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0758571B8 (fr
EP0758571A1 (fr
EP0758571B1 (fr
Inventor
Joachim Diehl
Ronald Lautz
Karl-Heinz Tross
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Satisloh GmbH
Original Assignee
Loh Optikmaschinen AG
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Filing date
Publication date
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Application filed by Loh Optikmaschinen AG filed Critical Loh Optikmaschinen AG
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Publication of EP0758571B1 publication Critical patent/EP0758571B1/fr
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Publication of EP0758571B2 publication Critical patent/EP0758571B2/fr
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B13/00—Machines or devices designed for grinding or polishing optical surfaces on lenses or surfaces of similar shape on other work; Accessories therefor
    • B24B13/06—Machines or devices designed for grinding or polishing optical surfaces on lenses or surfaces of similar shape on other work; Accessories therefor grinding of lenses, the tool or work being controlled by information-carrying means, e.g. patterns, punched tapes, magnetic tapes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B11/00—Machines or devices designed for grinding spherical surfaces or parts of spherical surfaces on work; Accessories therefor
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T409/00—Gear cutting, milling, or planing
    • Y10T409/30—Milling
    • Y10T409/303752—Process
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T409/00—Gear cutting, milling, or planing
    • Y10T409/30—Milling
    • Y10T409/303752—Process
    • Y10T409/303808—Process including infeeding
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T409/00—Gear cutting, milling, or planing
    • Y10T409/30—Milling
    • Y10T409/304536—Milling including means to infeed work to cutter
    • Y10T409/305544—Milling including means to infeed work to cutter with work holder
    • Y10T409/305656—Milling including means to infeed work to cutter with work holder including means to support work for rotation during operation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T409/00—Gear cutting, milling, or planing
    • Y10T409/30—Milling
    • Y10T409/306664—Milling including means to infeed rotary cutter toward work
    • Y10T409/307448—Milling including means to infeed rotary cutter toward work with work holder

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing a concave surface of a Lens blank, according to the generic term of the Patent claim 1.
  • the invention is based on the object Method specified in the preamble of claim 1
  • Method specified in the preamble of claim 1 To propose genus, with which at high chipping performance both brittle-hard materials as well as plastic materials for the production of all in the spectacle optics usual concave surface forms with the result of a uniform surface quality and short processing times accurately and economically can be edited.
  • the stated object is achieved by the features of the claim 1 solved.
  • Advantageous developments of Method are given in the subclaims 2 to 8 and also explained in more detail below.
  • the step division of the invention Procedure for two operations leads to very short processing times.
  • very high cutting or grinding power possible so that the Main amount of the blank material to be removed is rapidly eroded.
  • the continuous piercing or immersion operation saves on the known methods required multiple cuts in Case of thick lens blanks.
  • Already at the piercing operation will be at least in the area of the outer edge achieved a surface of the desired outer contour of the corresponds to optically effective spectacle lens inner surface.
  • the inventive method allows the production of high-precision surfaces.
  • His Help can be all the usual in the Brillan glass look Surface shapes, namely toric, prismatic, decentered, multifocal or atoric surfaces on glasses and plastics.
  • an edge processing operation integrated which not only thin comfortable Spectacle lenses can be made, but otherwise for the later fitting of the spectacle lens in the Glasses frame also a shorter working hours at a lower Tool wear on the side of the eyewear maker is reached.
  • the advantage of having a lower inventory half-finished glasses with different diameters is possible.
  • the workpiece peripheral edge with a Facet can also according to claim 4 a Facettlerungs-operation in the procedure be turned on, so that when taking of a margining operation a total of four immediately successive operations with only one Clamping or blocking the workpiece on this be performed.
  • this angle is corresponding Claim 5 set at 105 °, i. at vertically arranged workpiece axis b is the tool axis c to the horizontal at an angle of only 15 ° tilted. At this angle it may be during the execution of the grinding or milling process even with very strong concave curved lens surfaces not to a collision between the Tool spindle or the tool shank and the Prescription lenses come.
  • the milling tool according to claim 7 for Implementation of the method on a plastic spectacle lens blank is disk-shaped with respect to its rotational shape formed, with individual milling cutters arranged distributed around the circumference.
  • the cutting performance this milling tool, in which the cutting edges define a shaping toric envelope is high.
  • the service life of the milling cutters can be advantageous increase when having the cutting edges Cutting inserts of the milling tool according to claim 8 are rotatably mounted. In this way can successively several areas of the cutting plates be screwed into a working position before replace the inserts for wear reasons or to rework their outer diameter are.
  • Figs. 1 and 2 From the grinding or milling machine are in Figs. 1 and 2 for simplicity only the workpiece 1 and the tool 2 bearing or leading and driving parts shown.
  • the tool 2 is attached equiaxially to a spindle 4 via a shaft 3, the turning about an electric motor 5 and in the speed is controllably driven.
  • the workpiece 1 is blocked on a workpiece holder 6, the a spindle 7 is fixed concentrically.
  • the spindle 7 is numerically controlled by a servomotor 8 rotatably driven.
  • Workpiece 1, tool holder 6, spindle 7 and Motor 8 and all associated unspecified Parts are at a coordinate device attached to the machine and therefore can work together on mutually perpendicular linear axes of motion x and y are moved.
  • the common Central axis of the parts 1, 6, 7 and 8 coincides with the axis of rotational movement b of the workpiece 1 together.
  • the tool 2, the shaft 3, the spindle 4 and the motor 5 common center axis coincides with the axis of rotational movement c of the tool 2 and a horrinstellachse z (Fig. 1) together.
  • the linear ones Movement axes x, y and the rotational movement axis b are CNC controlled while the rotational axis of motion c is only speed controllable.
  • the Axis z only serves that on the axis of rotational movement c shifting adjustment of the tool 2. Since all CNC axes in the workpiece spindle united, results in a simple feed. The workpiece can be in a defined loading and unloading position be driven, so that even simple handling equipment for automatic workpiece change can be used.
  • the machine construction has fixed angle ⁇ between the both axes of rotation b and c the value of 105 °.
  • the angle ⁇ is thus due to the machine design fixed and not changeable.
  • the tool spindle 4 with the attached thereto Tool 2 and the associated electric motor 5 and all other related unspecified Parts can be constructed while maintaining the constructive fixed angle ⁇ for adjusting the Tool 2 on the center of the workpiece 1 at right angles be adjusted to the x-movement axis.
  • the mentioned adjustable parts over one Support arm 9 rigidly connected to a guide carriage 10, which can be displaced in the specified adjustment direction stored on a guide bed 11 of the machine is.
  • a threaded spindle 12 effective, on the one hand rotatable but axially immovable is mounted on the guide bed 11 and on the other in a corresponding thread of the guide carriage 10 engages.
  • the grinding tool is disc-shaped with one on its Circumferential annular grinding lip 13th educated. From the front of the asymmetrically formed Starting with the grinding lip 13 their radius towards the spindle 4, with their largest radius in a circular shaping cut edge 14 expires. For the implementation of the method is this to set the shaping cutting edge on the workpiece that they are approximately radially to the center of the workpiece is directed. The on the spindle side located in the Cutting edge 14 opening rear surface 15 of Grinding lip 13 is considering the constructive fixed angle a formed so that the rear surface to the tool rotation axis c at the angle ⁇ runs.
  • a vertical through the deepest Point 16 of the cutting edge 14 is the rear surface 15th in the manner of a radial generatrix.
  • the deepest Point 16 is always in the level of both linear axes of motion x and y. This will in a comparison of Figs. 3 and 4 clearly.
  • the Cutting edge 14 is always through the largest radius
  • the grinding lip determines and is also progressive Tool wear always approximately radially to the center directed to the workpiece.
  • Fig. 4 is next to the full Lines shown wear contour also the new contour of the tool drawn in dashed lines. Because of this special tool geometry sharpens the cutting edge during the Grinding process always self, so that the shaping not affected for the surface to be processed is. The deterioration of the wear caused by wear Cut edge radius can in the computer program of Machine easily taken into account.
  • the abrasive material of the grinding lip 13 is made made of finely divided diamond particles.
  • the Sanding lip 13 either made of sintered material, in which embedded the diamond particles finely distributed are or the finely divided diamond particles are galvanic bonded applied to the annular grinding lip 13.
  • FIGS. 5 to 7 are referred to.
  • To the outer ends of the holding arms 17 are in diameter matching cutting plates 19 attached.
  • the Ring cutting 20 of the cutting plates 19 are radial to Rotation axis c of the milling tool 2 'aligned and define a shaping toric envelope, which is indicated by dashed lines in Fig. 5.
  • the Toric envelope is in terms of their largest Radius formed plane approximately radially to the center of the Directed workpiece. Here is the respective lowest point 16 'of the forming toric envelope surface always in the plane of the two linear axes of motion x and y.
  • Fig. 6 it is shown that the cutting plates 19 on the support arms 17 each by a central Screw 21 are attached. With the help of the screw 21 is the set rotational position of the cutting plate 19th fixed to the support arm 17. As in Fig. 6 by the angle ⁇ is indicated by the circumference of the Ring cutting edge 20 only one angle for the milling process of about 90 °, i. only about a quarter of the circumference of the ring cutting is used for the milling process. This means that the cutting plates 19 after Wear of the first ring cutting sector three more times can be turned into a new position.
  • the blocked workpiece 1 is first by lateral displacement on the x-axis of the tool 2, whereupon the workpiece 1 is on the y-axis always remaining stationary Tool 2 is displaced until the workpiece 1 is about at the same height as the tool axis and the workpiece edge is the circular cutting edge 14 touched. This is done with rotation of tool and Workpiece around the respective rotation axes c or b removed material from the edge of the workpiece.
  • the x-axis and continuous feed on the y-axis is now a processing of the lens blank on the predetermined by the spectacle frame shape Perimeter contour made.

Claims (8)

  1. Procédé pour réaliser une surface concave sur une ébauche de verre à lunettes (pièce à oeuvrer), qui correspond déjà largement à la surface intérieure finie du verre à lunettes, au moyen d'un outil de fraisage ou de meulage, dans lequel la pièce à oeuvrer bloquée et l'outil sont guidés avec faculté de déplacement relatif l'un par rapport à l'autre dans un processus d'usinage à commande numérique avec deux axes de déplacement linéaire (axe x et axe y) et deux axes de mouvement de rotation disposés sous un angle (α) l'un par rapport à l'autre, l'un étant associé à la pièce (axe b) et l'autre étant associé à l'outil (axe c), dans lequel pour la conformation de la surface, l'enlèvement de matière est exécuté le long d'un trajet en forme de spirale sur la surface en déplaçant de façon commandée l'outil et la pièce l'un par rapport à l'autre le long des axes x, y et b, et l'on utilise comme outil un outil à symétrie de révolution en forme de disque qui est agencé de telle manière que le point le plus profond (16, 16') de l'outil se trouve, par référence à la pièce, dans un plan défini par les axes b et x, caractérisé en ce qu'avant l'enlèvement de matière le long du trajet en forme de spirale, on procède à une passe de travail en plongée dans laquelle la pièce est mise en rotation autour de son axe (b) et l'outil est déplacé au moins en direction de l'axe y, jusqu'à ce que l'on obtienne une surface en forme de sillon annulaire adaptée à la surface concave à réaliser au moins dans la région de la bordure extérieure de la pièce, de sorte qu'au moins dans la région de la bordure extérieure la surface réalisée sur la pièce correspond au contour extérieur de consigne de la surface intérieure active sur le plan optique du verre à lunettes.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'avant la passe de travail en plongée, la bordure du verre à lunettes est usinée lors d'une opération d'usinage de bordure en vue de l'adaptation au contour de la monture de lunettes, dans laquelle l'outil et la pièce sont tout d'abord rapprochés par mouvement latéral relatif le long de l'axe x, suite à quoi l'outil et la pièce sont déplacés l'un vers l'autre par déplacement relatif le long de l'axe y, jusqu'à ce que la pièce se trouve approximativement à même hauteur que l'axe de l'outil, et la bordure de la pièce est tangente à l'arête de taille de forme circulaire de l'outil, de sorte que lors d'une rotation de l'outil et de la pièce autour des axes de déplacement de rotation respectif (axes b et c) de la matière est enlevée depuis la bordure de la pièce, et par un mouvement latéral relatif le long de l'axe x et une approche continue le long de l'axe y, on procède à un usinage de l'ébauche de verre à lunettes au contour périphérique imposé par la forme de la monture de lunettes.
  3. Procédé selon l'une ou l'autre des revendications 1 et 2, caractérisé en ce que l'on procède en une seule prise de la pièce à l'opération d'usinage de bordure, à la passe de plongée, et à l'usinage le long du trajet de forme spiralée, en succession continue.
  4. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce qu'avant la passe de plongée et le cas échéant après l'opération d'usinage de bordure, l'arête périphérique supérieure de la pièce est facettée au moyen de l'outil, la passe de travail de réalisation des facettes étant exécutée en succession continue avec les autres opérations de travail.
  5. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que l'angle (α) entre l'axe de la pièce (b) et l'axe de l'outil (c) s'élève 105° pendant toutes les opérations.
  6. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5 dans lequel, afin de réaliser une surface concave sur une ébauche de verre à lunettes dure et cassante, on utilise un outil de meulage en forme de disque (2) avec une lèvre de meulage (13) de forme annulaire qui est réalisée de manière asymétrique sur l'outil (2) et se termine par son plus grand rayon en une arête de taille (14) de conformation en forme circulaire, et la surface postérieure (15) de l'outil (2), détournée de la lèvre de meulage (13) et se terminant dans l'arête de taille (14), s'étend par rapport à l'axe de rotation de l'outil (c) sous l'angle (α) défini entre l'axe de rotation de la pièce (b) et l'axe de rotation de l'outil (c).
  7. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5 dans lequel, afin de réaliser une surface concave sur une ébauche de verre à lunettes en matière plastique, on utilise un outil de fraisage (2') qui, vis-à-vis de sa forme de révolution, est réalisé en forme de disque et est pourvu d'une pluralité de bras de maintien (17) répartis régulièrement à la périphérie, aux extrémités extérieures desdits bras étant fixées des plaquettes de coupe (19) qui sont orientées radialement par rapport à l'axe de rotation (c) de l'outil de fraisage (2'), et dont les tranchants (20) définissent une surface enveloppe toroïdale de conformation.
  8. Procédé selon la revendication 7, dans lequel les plaquettes de coupe (19) sont capables de tourner autour de leur centre, et susceptibles d'être fixées dans la position de rotation respective sur les bras de maintien (17).
EP96112436A 1995-08-12 1996-08-01 Procédé pour la réalisation d'une surface concave dans une ébauche de verre à lunette Expired - Lifetime EP0758571B8 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19529786 1995-08-12
DE19529786A DE19529786C1 (de) 1995-08-12 1995-08-12 Verfahren und Werkzeug zur Erzeugung einer konkaven Oberfläche an einem Brillenglasrohling

Publications (4)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0758571A1 EP0758571A1 (fr) 1997-02-19
EP0758571B1 EP0758571B1 (fr) 2002-01-16
EP0758571B2 true EP0758571B2 (fr) 2005-09-07
EP0758571B8 EP0758571B8 (fr) 2005-11-23

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP96112436A Expired - Lifetime EP0758571B8 (fr) 1995-08-12 1996-08-01 Procédé pour la réalisation d'une surface concave dans une ébauche de verre à lunette

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (2) US5938381A (fr)
EP (1) EP0758571B8 (fr)
DE (2) DE19529786C1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2171580T5 (fr)

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EP0758571B8 (fr) 2005-11-23
EP0758571A1 (fr) 1997-02-19
ES2171580T3 (es) 2002-09-16
ES2171580T5 (es) 2006-03-16
DE59608585D1 (de) 2002-02-21
EP0758571B1 (fr) 2002-01-16
MX9603307A (es) 1997-07-31
US5938381A (en) 1999-08-17
US6227952B1 (en) 2001-05-08
DE19529786C1 (de) 1997-03-06

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