EP0721990B1 - Verfahren zum Herstellen von legierten Stählen und Elektroofenanlage mit verstellbaren Frischlanzen dafür - Google Patents

Verfahren zum Herstellen von legierten Stählen und Elektroofenanlage mit verstellbaren Frischlanzen dafür Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0721990B1
EP0721990B1 EP96890007A EP96890007A EP0721990B1 EP 0721990 B1 EP0721990 B1 EP 0721990B1 EP 96890007 A EP96890007 A EP 96890007A EP 96890007 A EP96890007 A EP 96890007A EP 0721990 B1 EP0721990 B1 EP 0721990B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
manufacturing step
electric furnace
oxygen
several
during
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP96890007A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0721990A1 (de
Inventor
Ernst Dipl.-Ing. Fritz
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VAI Technometal GmbH
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VAI Technometal GmbH
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Publication of EP0721990A1 publication Critical patent/EP0721990A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
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Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
    • C21C5/52—Manufacture of steel in electric furnaces
    • C21C5/5264—Manufacture of alloyed steels including ferro-alloys
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
    • C21C5/52—Manufacture of steel in electric furnaces
    • C21C5/5252—Manufacture of steel in electric furnaces in an electrically heated multi-chamber furnace, a combination of electric furnaces or an electric furnace arranged for associated working with a non electric furnace
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
    • C21C7/0087—Treatment of slags covering the steel bath, e.g. for separating slag from the molten metal
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
    • C21C7/04—Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
    • C21C7/068—Decarburising
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
    • C21C7/04—Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
    • C21C7/068—Decarburising
    • C21C7/0685—Decarburising of stainless steel
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
    • C21C7/10—Handling in a vacuum
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
    • C21C2007/0093—Duplex process; Two stage processes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S75/00—Specialized metallurgical processes, compositions for use therein, consolidated metal powder compositions, and loose metal particulate mixtures
    • Y10S75/961—Treating flue dust to obtain metal other than by consolidation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S75/00—Specialized metallurgical processes, compositions for use therein, consolidated metal powder compositions, and loose metal particulate mixtures
    • Y10S75/962—Treating or using mill scale

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing alloy steels, in particular stainless steel or steel stock for stainless steel, being in a first Manufacturing step iron carrier largely decarburized and with the help of oxygen dephosphorated and the melt after removing the slag formed in one Another manufacturing step after the addition of alloy carriers to the desired one Alloy and carbon content is adjusted using oxygen and inert gas, and an installation for carrying out the method.
  • a method of this type is known from EP-A2 - 0 229 586. Both manufacturing steps are carried out in one and the same oxygen blowing converter. With this method, one is severely limited with regard to charging solids to be melted. Solid pig iron, alloying agents and scrap can be brought into the oxygen blowing converter in a maximum amount of 20% by weight of a batch. If you want to charge large quantities of solids, you are forced to add expensive exothermic chemical heating agents, but this entails the disadvantage of large quantities of slag (SiO 2 , Al 2 O 3 etc.). These large amounts of slag require high amounts of lime, and as a result there is a large loss of output of iron, chromium, manganese, etc.
  • the oxygen blowing converter has a floor flushing device to create a melt pool motion. This leads to the oxygen blowing converter high chrome slagging, so that the economy of the known method is not more is given.
  • the economically viable lower limit (with an even more viable one Chrome slag) for the carbon content is 0.2% C. In addition, do not set the lowest carbon content (e.g. less than 0.1% carbon).
  • the invention aims at avoiding these disadvantages and difficulties and presents itself the task, a method of the type described above and a system for Implementation of the process, which allow alloyed steels, especially stainless steels, in an economical way with high productivity to manufacture.
  • a gas inlet in the melt preferably with a minimum amount of 30 liters / min per point of introduction Introduction of inert gas and 300 liters / min when introducing oxygen or mixed gases containing oxygen.
  • the oxygen or oxygen-containing is expediently blown during the bath Mixed gas is an amount of inert gas that increases with the duration of the under bath blowing added.
  • a preferred embodiment is characterized in that the first Manufacturing step in a first electric furnace and the further manufacturing step in one different electric oven is carried out from the first electric oven.
  • the Placing the batch in a second electric furnace to carry out the further The manufacturing step enables the melt to be kept free of phosphorus Slag that still adheres to the brickwork despite being slagged in the first electric furnace. This results in an almost complete dephosphorization of the melt, so that the further manufacturing step, namely the alloy adjustment and further decarburization, in Absence of phosphorus can be done.
  • This can be, for example, at just above the normal melt level in the wall of the electric furnace arranged blow nozzles, which when tilting below the Melt surface come to rest, are carried out. As a result, these lie Blow nozzles when not in use above the melt (and slag) so that their Life is extended.
  • the metal yield is preferably increased and the consumption of reducing agent lowered if the further manufacturing step with the greatest possible exclusion of air is carried out.
  • the method according to the invention is particularly advantageous if of the iron carriers more than 20% by weight, preferably more than 40% by weight, of the batch of scrap become.
  • the further manufacturing step is expedient, leaving a subset of the Slag from the other one that took place before the further production step Manufacturing step carried out.
  • the slag containing Cr 2 O 3 which comes from the previous batch in the second electric furnace and which is formed by the partial oxidation of the silicon from the ferrochrome and the added lime etc., is primarily reduced by silicon and carbon from the ferrochrome and can be slagged off with high chrome output and minimal consumption of reducing agent, such as FeSi, before the fine decarburization in the electric furnace.
  • the slag during the further manufacturing step during a Flushing process with inert gas reduced by adding reducing agent, lime and flux and the melt is deoxidized and desulfurized, so that in the further production step final carbon content already required for the respective steel quality, the rest chemical analysis and the desired temperature of the melt can be achieved.
  • fine-grained ore e.g. Chrome ore as Cr and oxygen carrier (for Si oxidation) with or without mixing with reducing agent (e.g. FeSi, coal) and / or Carbon or nickel oxide are blown onto the arcs and onto the melt.
  • a system for carrying out the process with an electric furnace, in the bottom area of which jacket nozzles are provided, through the jacket of which hydrocarbon and / or inert gas can be fed in, is characterized by swiveling and longitudinally movable fresh lances arranged above the normal melt level and penetrating the side wall of the oven, and also in the bottom area provided jacket nozzles, through the jacket hydrocarbon and / or mixtures of hydrocarbon and inert gas and / or CO 2 and / or water vapor can be supplied.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 each have an electric furnace in Illustrate cross section in a schematic representation.
  • An electric furnace 1 provided for the first manufacturing step has three sub-bath nozzles 4 in the refractory lining 2 of the lower part 3 of the stove, as shown in FIG.
  • the Unterbaddüsen 4 are nozzles, which are formed from two or three concentric tubes - in the manner of jacket nozzles - with the process gas flowing in the inner round central tube and protective gas for the nozzles flowing between the tubes in the annular or circular section cross sections.
  • the protective gas is preferably hydrocarbon, such as propane, butane or a mixture of hydrocarbon and inert gas. However, water vapor, CO 2 , light heating oil, CO, inert gas or mixtures thereof have also been successfully used as a protective medium.
  • Annular gap nozzles which were filled with refractory material in the central tube and in which the process gas was introduced through an interrupted annular gap, could also be successfully used as an under bath nozzle 4.
  • washing elements 6 are arranged, which are made of there are two pipes each.
  • the inner tube is made of fireproof material locked.
  • the annular gaps can also be formed from circular sections.
  • the Flushing elements 6 can also be made of porous, sheet metal-coated or with thin tubes provided refractory material.
  • fresh lances 9 are made of two or three concentric tubes or formed by a water-cooled tube.
  • the arrow direction 10 indicates that the fresh lances are inclined downwards as a tangent to an imaginary one Blow cylinder and at a relatively short distance from the bath surface 11.
  • the fresh lances 9 are inserted into water-cooled copper cooling boxes 12. It is also one of the three Electrodes 13 shown as a hollow electrode.
  • Three post-combustion / burner lances 14 are arranged in the upper part of the furnace side wall 8.
  • An opening 15 is used to add Slag formers and alloying agents.
  • FIG. 2 shows a second schematically illustrated electric furnace 16 according to the invention illustrated. This has a special feature - in contrast to that shown in Fig. 1 Electric furnace 1 - an exchangeable base part 17 in which the three rinsing elements 6 are provided.
  • An electrode 13 is designed as a hollow electrode, which is lined with a ceramic tube is. Alloying agents are passed through the opening 15 with a scrap basket (not shown) of the furnace cover 18 in the furnace (second electric furnace). Seals 19 are on the Separation point furnace side wall 8 to furnace cover 18, slag door 20 to furnace side wall 8 and at the opening 15 in the furnace cover 18 made of ceramic fiber. The furnace cover 18 will at least temporarily pressed against the furnace side wall 8 with a tensioning device.
  • the gas consumption per ton of liquid steel is determined as follows:
  • Fresh lances 9 are charged with 15 Nm 3 O 2 / t and the under bath nozzles 4 with 8 Nm 3 O 2 / t and 1.1 Nm 3 CH 4 / t.
  • the flushing elements 6 blow 1.2 Nm 3 N 2 plus 0.3 Nm 3 CH 4 / t to improve the bath movement and the application.
  • the electricity consumption on the electric furnace is 1 130 kWh / t of the liquid steel end product (from the second electric furnace). 50 kg of slag are slagged. 680 kg of premelt with 0.20% C, 0.020% P and 1590 ° C are passed on to the second electric furnace 16.
  • the tapping sequence time is 57 min.
  • the second electric furnace 16 100 t electric furnace with 70 MVA are per t liquid steel (AISI 304) approx. 60 kg slag recirculated from the pre-batch, 680 kg pre-melt, 350 kg Charged HCFeCr, FeMn, FeSi and 45 kg lime as well as 10 kg dolomite.
  • AISI 304 per t liquid steel
  • the fresh lances 9 apply 20 Nm 3 O 2 to the melt, 5 Nm 3 O 2 through self-consuming pipes and 4 8 Nm 3 O 2 + 2 Nm 3 Ar + 1 Nm 3 CH 4 through the under bath nozzles blown into the melt.
  • the entry of false air into the second electric furnace 16 is largely prevented (the furnace cover 18 is clamped against the furnace side wall 8).
  • 125 kg of slag are largely reduced and removed with the silicon from the HCFeCr and the carbon.
  • the melt in the second electric furnace 16 is blown to 0.04% C by blowing the O 2 + Ar / CH 4 + Ar with the aid of the under bath nozzles 4, and the slag is reduced during the inert gas blowing and the addition of FeSi and lime , the melt desulphurized, emptied, finely alloyed, rinsed and poured after an intermediate deslagging and another lime batching.
  • the treatment time in the second electric furnace 16 is approximately 70 minutes.
  • the dephosphorization of pig iron and scrap iron, recycled materials, FeNi etc. is carried out in first electric furnace 1 made.
  • the P 2 O 5 -containing slag is removed from the plant, ie the electric furnace 1, before this largely decarburized premelt is charged, alloyed, desilicated and decarburized in the second electric furnace 16.
  • Brief decarburization, deoxidation, desulphurization and rinsing can be carried out in a vacuum system (e.g. VOD system).
  • Decarburization with the lowest chrome slagging to medium or lowest Carbon content is with oxygen - or to reduce the CO partial pressure with oxygen containing mixed gases blowing stationary Unterbaddüsen 4 and / or 6 and partially with stationary and / or movable inflation nozzles 9 or lances.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Refinement Of Pig-Iron, Manufacture Of Cast Iron, And Steel Manufacture Other Than In Revolving Furnaces (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)
  • Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)
EP96890007A 1995-01-16 1996-01-11 Verfahren zum Herstellen von legierten Stählen und Elektroofenanlage mit verstellbaren Frischlanzen dafür Expired - Lifetime EP0721990B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT0005595A AT403293B (de) 1995-01-16 1995-01-16 Verfahren und anlage zum herstellen von legierten stählen
AT5595 1995-01-16
AT55/95 1995-01-16

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0721990A1 EP0721990A1 (de) 1996-07-17
EP0721990B1 true EP0721990B1 (de) 2001-02-28

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EP96890007A Expired - Lifetime EP0721990B1 (de) 1995-01-16 1996-01-11 Verfahren zum Herstellen von legierten Stählen und Elektroofenanlage mit verstellbaren Frischlanzen dafür

Country Status (11)

Country Link
US (1) US6077324A (ko)
EP (1) EP0721990B1 (ko)
JP (1) JP4195106B2 (ko)
KR (1) KR960029466A (ko)
CN (1) CN1134984A (ko)
AT (1) AT403293B (ko)
BR (1) BR9600097A (ko)
DE (1) DE59606475D1 (ko)
TR (1) TR199600032A2 (ko)
TW (1) TW363081B (ko)
ZA (1) ZA96281B (ko)

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KR100987049B1 (ko) * 2003-06-26 2010-10-11 두산중공업 주식회사 개선된 고크롬강 제조 방법
DE102010036174A1 (de) 2010-05-04 2011-11-10 Georg-Simon-Ohm Hochschule für angewandte Wissenschaften Fachhochschule Nürnberg Optischer Drehübertrager
EP2589672A1 (de) * 2011-11-03 2013-05-08 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Lichtbogenofens
CN107326150B (zh) * 2017-06-16 2018-04-03 北京科技大学 一种全废钢电弧炉双联冶炼洁净钢的生产方法
US10767239B2 (en) 2017-06-16 2020-09-08 University Of Science And Technology Beijing Production method for smelting clean steel from full-scrap steel using duplex electric arc furnaces
RU2697305C1 (ru) * 2018-01-09 2019-08-13 Игорь Михайлович Шатохин Технологическая линия для производства композиционных ферросплавов, лигатур и бескислородных огнеупорных материалов для металлургии
JP7094264B2 (ja) * 2019-12-25 2022-07-01 株式会社神戸製鋼所 溶鋼の製造方法
EP4212637A4 (en) 2020-09-10 2024-02-28 Jfe Steel Corp METHOD FOR PRODUCING LOW PHOSPHORUS MELTED IRON
CN112974738A (zh) * 2021-04-23 2021-06-18 北京科技大学 连铸微合金化生产方法
WO2022249797A1 (ja) 2021-05-26 2022-12-01 Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 溶鉄の脱りん方法
DE102022101835B4 (de) 2022-01-26 2024-02-22 Rhm Rohstoff-Handelsgesellschaft Mbh Verfahren zum Verwerten von Bauteilen, die kohlenstofffaserverstärkten Kunststoff (CFK) aufweisen oder aus diesem bestehen

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Publication number Publication date
TW363081B (en) 1999-07-01
JPH08225880A (ja) 1996-09-03
AT403293B (de) 1997-12-29
US6077324A (en) 2000-06-20
ATA5595A (de) 1997-05-15
DE59606475D1 (de) 2001-04-05
CN1134984A (zh) 1996-11-06
TR199600032A2 (tr) 1996-08-21
KR960029466A (ko) 1996-08-17
JP4195106B2 (ja) 2008-12-10
BR9600097A (pt) 1998-01-27
ZA96281B (en) 1996-07-31
EP0721990A1 (de) 1996-07-17

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