Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
  • C10B47/00—Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials with indirect heating, e.g. by external combustion
  • C10B47/28—Other processes
  • C10B47/30—Other processes in rotary ovens or retorts
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
  • C10B1/00—Retorts
  • C10B1/10—Rotary retorts
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
  • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
  • F27D1/00—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs
  • F27D1/14—Supports for linings
  • F27D1/145—Assembling elements
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
  • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
  • F27D99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
  • F27D99/0001—Heating elements or systems
  • F27D99/0033—Heating elements or systems using burners
  • F27D99/0035—Heating indirectly through a radiant surface
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
  • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
  • F28F5/00—Elements specially adapted for movement
  • F28F5/02—Rotary drums or rollers
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
  • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
  • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
  • F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
  • F28F9/04—Arrangements for sealing elements into header boxes or end plates
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T29/00—Metal working
  • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
  • Y10T29/4935—Heat exchanger or boiler making
  • Y10T29/49352—Repairing, converting, servicing or salvaging
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T29/00—Metal working
  • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
  • Y10T29/49718—Repairing
  • Y10T29/49721—Repairing with disassembling
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T29/00—Metal working
  • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
  • Y10T29/49718—Repairing
  • Y10T29/49721—Repairing with disassembling
  • Y10T29/4973—Replacing of defective part

Definitions

• the invention relates to a heating chamber, in particular to a smoldering chamber for waste, which can be rotated about its longitudinal axis, with a number of heating tubes lying in the interior, each of which is attached to one end plate at one end and to a second end plate at the other end. It also relates to a method for replacing a heating pipe located in such a heating chamber.
• the heating chamber is used for thermal waste disposal, in particular according to the smoldering method.
• the so-called smoldering method has become known in the field of waste disposal.
• the method and a plant for thermal waste disposal operating thereafter are described, for example, in EP-A-0 302 310 and in DE-A-38 30 153.
• the plant for thermal waste disposal using the smoldering method contains as essential components a smoldering chamber (pyrolysis reactor) and a high-temperature combustion chamber.
• the smoldering chamber converts the waste that is fed in via a waste transport device into smoldering gas and pyrolysis residues.
• the carbonization gas and the pyrolysis residue are then fed to the burner of the high-temperature combustion chamber after suitable processing.
• Molten slag is produced in the high-temperature combustion chamber, which is removed via a fume hood and which, after cooling, is in a glass-like form.
• the resulting flue gas is fed to a chimney as an outlet via a flue gas line.
• a flue gas line in particular a heat recovery steam generator as a cooling device, a dust filter system and a flue gas cleaning system are installed.
• a rotating, relatively long smoldering drum As a smoldering chamber (pyrolysis reactor), a rotating, relatively long smoldering drum is generally used has a large number of parallel heating pipes on the inside, where the waste is largely heated with the exclusion of air.
• the welding drum rotates about its longitudinal axis.
• the longitudinal axis of the carbonization drum is preferably slightly inclined with respect to the horizontal, so that the carbonization material collects at the outlet of the carbonization drum and can be easily discharged from there.
• the raised waste falls on the heating pipes underneath. Since the waste can contain heavy components such as stones, bottles, metal and ceramic parts, there is a risk that the heating pipes will be damaged. In addition to this mechanical stress, there is also a high thermal stress on the heating pipes.
• the smoldering chamber can have a length of 15 to 30 m, so that it represents an important capital investment.
• the object of the invention is to design a heating chamber of the type mentioned at the outset in such a way that it has a long service life and thus enables cost-effective operation.
• the invention is based on the consideration that this can be achieved if the particularly heavily used components of the heating chamber are replaced after a certain time.
• the object of the invention is therefore also to provide a method for the simple replacement of a heating tube in such a heating chamber.
• the first-mentioned object is therefore achieved according to the invention in that the heating tubes are attached to the end plates so that they can be replaced.
• the heating tubes should be easily interchangeable between the two end plates.
• each of the heating tubes can be detached from the end and can be removed from the interior via an opening in one of the two end plates.
• the exchangeability of the heating pipes should be ensured without having to work on the first and / or second end plate, for example welded, during the replacement must be.
• one end of the heating tubes projects through an opening in the first and / or second end plate and is connected to the outer surface of the first and second end plate via a collar. The respective collar is used for releasable attachment.
• the collar comprises a length compensator, in particular a corrugated pipe compensator.
• This length compensator can be fastened between a first sleeve and a second sleeve, the first sleeve being connected at the end to the relevant heating tube and the second sleeve to the first end plate, in particular being welded.
• the collar comprises a tubular bottom sleeve which is connected, in particular welded, to the heating tube in question and to the second end plate.
• Figure 1 shows a smoldering plant with smoldering chamber for waste, which can be used in the smoldering process, in a basic sectional view;
• Figure 2 is an enlarged view of the single pipe attachment on the cold side of the smoldering chamber
• Figure 3 is an enlarged view of the single pipe attachment on the hot side of the smoldering chamber.
• Figure 4 shows the assembly situation when inserting a heating tube on the hot side of the smoldering chamber.
• solid waste A is introduced into a pyrolysis reactor or a smoldering chamber 8 via a feed or feed device 2 and a screw 4, which is driven by a motor 6.
• the smoldering chamber 8 is a smoldering or pyrolysis drum which can be rotated about its longitudinal axis 10 (by drive means 24, 26 explained later) and which operates at 300 to 600 ° C., is operated largely with the exclusion of oxygen and, in addition to volatile smoldering gas s, is one largely solid pyrolysis solids f produced.
• This is an inner-tube smoldering drum 8 with a plurality of heating tubes 12 aligned parallel to one another, only two of which are shown, in the interior 13.
• the inlet for heating gas h provided at the "hot” end is 14 and the outlet for the heating gas h provided at the "cold” end is denoted by 16.
• the longitudinal axis 10 of the smoldering chamber 8 is preferably inclined with respect to the horizontal, so that the "hot" end on the right is lower than the inlet for waste A shown on the left.
• the pyrolysis drum 8 is followed by a discharge device 18 on the output or discharge side, which with a carbonization gas outlet 20 for the discharge of carbonization gas and with a pyrolysis residue Material outlet 22 is provided for the delivery of the solid pyrolysis residue f.
• a device connected to the carbonization gas-withdrawal nozzle 22 ⁇ carbonization can be connected to the burner of a high-temperature combustion chamber.
• the rotary movement of the smoldering drum 8 about the longitudinal axis 10 is brought about by a drive 24, which also includes a motor 26.
• the drive means 24, 26 work, for example, on a toothed ring which is fastened to the circumference of the smoldering drum 8.
• the heating tubes 12 are each attached to a first end plate 28 with one end and to a second end plate 30 with the other end. As can be seen from the further FIGS. 2 to 4, the attachment to the end plates 28, 30 is such that the heating tubes 12 are easy to replace.
• FIG. 2 shows an enlarged view of the fastening of the heating pipes 12 to the first, left or “cold” end plate 28.
• the end of the heating pipes 12 projects from the interior 13 through an opening 31.
• the axis of the heating tubes 12 is oriented perpendicular to the surface of the end plate 28.
• the individual heating tubes 12 are subjected to high thermal and mechanical stresses, and that the first end plate 28, which could also be referred to as a tube plate or drum tube plate, rotates about the longitudinal axis 10 of the carbonization drum 8.
• the distance d between the heating tubes 12 in the interior 13 should be as narrow as possible and the distance D of the same heating tubes 12 on the attachment to the first plate 28 should be as large as possible for manufacturing or assembly reasons.
• the heating pipes 12 are used relatively frequently over the life of the latter, the length compensators relatively rarely and the end plate 28 should never be replaced if possible.
• no work, in particular no welding work should be carried out on the first end plate 28. to be demanding. This also applies analogously to the attachment to the second end plate 30, which will be explained later.
• each heating tube 12 contains a reducer 32 in its course. This is arranged in the interior 13 just before the surface of the first end plate 28.
• Each of the heating tubes 12 is relatively easily detachably attached at both ends.
• the heating tube end is fastened to the first end plate 28 by means of a collar 34, which consists of the connection in series of a first sleeve 36, a length compensator 38 and a second sleeve 40.
• the first and the second bushings 36 and 40 consist of steel and are to be considered as tubular weld-on pieces.
• the collar 34 surrounds the end part of the heating tube 12 with the reduced diameter which projects into the outer space.
• the first bushing 36 is connected on the end face to the relevant heating tube 12 via a weld seam 42.
• the second bushing 40 is connected to the first end plate 28 via a weld seam 44 which is located in the interior 13 and, if appropriate, via a further weld seam 46 in the exterior.
• the length compensator 38 is designed in particular as a corrugated tube compensator. It is connected on both sides to the inner ends of the tubular weld-on pieces or sleeves 36, 40 by weld seams, not specified.
• the axial length of the sleeves 36, 40 is important.
• the axial length of the first sleeve 42 can be dimensioned, for example, for five changes of the heating tube 12 and the axial length of the second sleeve 40 can be dimensioned, for example, for two changes of the corrugated tube compensator 38. This is illustrated by five vertical lines 50 and two vertical lines 52 on the lower heating tube 12.
• the heating tube 12 is replaced, the first sleeve 36 is cut off along the first of the lines 50, and that The relevant heating tube 12 is pulled out of the interior 13 to the right. It is replaced by a new heating tube 12 which, after being introduced through the relevant opening 31 in the first end plate 28 (more precisely: by the combination of components 40, 38, 36), is welded at the end with a new weld seam 42. As will become clear later, the "hot" end plate 30 located on the right is used accordingly.
• the corrugated tube compensator 38 is to be exchanged, possibly in addition to the heating tube 12, the second sleeve 40 is cut off along the left of the lines 52. A new corrugated tube compensator 38 with the first sleeve 36 attached can then be welded to the cutting surface.
• FIG. 2 ensures that the heating tubes 12 and the length compensators 38 can be exchanged easily, quickly and therefore inexpensively, without having to weld to the first end plate 28, possibly in inaccessible places. This is of particular economic importance if you keep in mind that a smoldering drum 8 contains one hundred to two hundred heating tubes 12 which are attached to the end plate 28.
• FIG. 3 shows the fastening of one of the heating tubes 12 to the second, right or "hot” end plate 30, which also rotates about the longitudinal axis 10.
• the heating tube 12 protrudes from the interior 13 through an opening 53.
• a collar 54 is used for fastening.
• This collar 54 consists of a simple piece of pipe made of metal, which assumes the function of a tube sheet sleeve 56. It is important here that the inner diameter of the tube sheet sleeve 56 is a little larger than the outer diameter of the heating tube 12. This distance is determined by a centering sleeve 58 which is inserted on the end face after the heating tube 12 has been inserted into the tube sheet sleeve 56. bridged.
• the centering sleeve 58 is provided with a chamfer at the inner end, which is intended to facilitate threading or insertion.
• the tube sheet sleeve 56 is connected on one side to the relevant heating tube 12 via an end seam 60 and an assembly seam (attached at the end of the assembly) by welding. And the tube sheet sleeve 56 is connected to the end plate 30 at the other end by means of a weld seam 62 located in the interior 13.
• the centering bushing 58 is necessary in the present exemplary embodiment because the heating tube 12 in question is provided with a baffle shell 64 made of metal.
• This impact shell 64 can in particular be a half shell which is welded onto the heating tube 12 from the outside by means of at least one stitching seam 66 (see FIG. 4).
• Baffle 64 has a thickness b. It protects the heating tube 12 in the interior 13 against solid material (such as glass, iron and ceramic parts, which is lifted up and then falls off when the smoldering chamber 8 rotates and then falls), and thus prevents damage to the heating tube surface. This impact protection extends the intervals at which the heating tubes 12 are replaced.
• the impact half shell is individually aligned for each heating pipe against the direction of the falling parts.
• the axial length of the tube sheet bushing 56 is selected such that it is sufficient for five changes of the heating tube 12. This is again illustrated by vertical lines 68.
• FIG. 3 The mounting situation when inserting a heating tube 12 is illustrated in FIG.
• the assembly process is now explained in more detail with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4.
• the tube sheet sleeve 56 is fastened in the opening 53 of the second end plate 30 by means of the weld seam 62. It protrudes into the outside space (heating gas inlet 14). Then will

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Materials Engineering (AREA)
• Thermal Sciences (AREA)
• Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
• Muffle Furnaces And Rotary Kilns (AREA)
• Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
• Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
• Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
• Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
• Manufacture, Treatment Of Glass Fibers (AREA)
• Resistance Heating (AREA)
• Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
• Refrigerator Housings (AREA)
• Separation, Recovery Or Treatment Of Waste Materials Containing Plastics (AREA)
• Vaporization, Distillation, Condensation, Sublimation, And Cold Traps (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Publications (2)

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ID=6494760

Family Applications (1)

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• 1993
  • 1993-08-09 DE DE4326678A patent/DE4326678A1/de not_active Withdrawn
• 1994
  • 1994-07-26 CN CN94193480A patent/CN1066184C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1994-07-26 WO PCT/DE1994/000866 patent/WO1995004795A1/fr not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1994-07-26 AT AT94921600T patent/ATE187480T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1994-07-26 SK SK181-96A patent/SK282120B6/sk unknown
  • 1994-07-26 PL PL94312848A patent/PL179355B1/pl unknown
  • 1994-07-26 DE DE59408990T patent/DE59408990D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1994-07-26 JP JP7506143A patent/JP2789558B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1994-07-26 CZ CZ96312A patent/CZ31296A3/cs unknown
  • 1994-07-26 RU RU96104382/25A patent/RU2102431C1/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1994-07-26 EP EP94921600A patent/EP0713517B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1994-07-26 UA UA96020467A patent/UA27999C2/uk unknown
  • 1994-07-26 CA CA002169064A patent/CA2169064A1/fr not_active Abandoned
  • 1994-07-26 KR KR1019960700619A patent/KR100304302B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1994-07-26 HU HU9700263A patent/HU218541B/hu not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1994-07-26 DK DK94921600T patent/DK0713517T3/da active
  • 1994-07-26 PT PT94921600T patent/PT713517E/pt unknown
  • 1994-07-26 ES ES94921600T patent/ES2141241T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
• 1996
  • 1996-02-09 US US08/599,384 patent/US5746590A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 1998
  • 1998-02-17 US US09/023,952 patent/US5992019A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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