EP0706864A2 - Dispositif et procédé pour la fabrication de blocs de construction évidés - Google Patents

Dispositif et procédé pour la fabrication de blocs de construction évidés Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0706864A2
EP0706864A2 EP95890152A EP95890152A EP0706864A2 EP 0706864 A2 EP0706864 A2 EP 0706864A2 EP 95890152 A EP95890152 A EP 95890152A EP 95890152 A EP95890152 A EP 95890152A EP 0706864 A2 EP0706864 A2 EP 0706864A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
press
mold
filling
core
core mandrels
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP95890152A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0706864A3 (fr
EP0706864B1 (fr
Inventor
Norbert Kranzinger
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication of EP0706864A2 publication Critical patent/EP0706864A2/fr
Publication of EP0706864A3 publication Critical patent/EP0706864A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0706864B1 publication Critical patent/EP0706864B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28BSHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B3/00Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor
    • B28B3/02Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor wherein a ram exerts pressure on the material in a moulding space; Ram heads of special form
    • B28B3/04Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor wherein a ram exerts pressure on the material in a moulding space; Ram heads of special form with one ram per mould
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28BSHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B3/00Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor
    • B28B3/02Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor wherein a ram exerts pressure on the material in a moulding space; Ram heads of special form
    • B28B3/022Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor wherein a ram exerts pressure on the material in a moulding space; Ram heads of special form combined with vibrating or jolting
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28BSHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B7/00Moulds; Cores; Mandrels
    • B28B7/16Moulds for making shaped articles with cavities or holes open to the surface, e.g. with blind holes
    • B28B7/18Moulds for making shaped articles with cavities or holes open to the surface, e.g. with blind holes the holes passing completely through the article
    • B28B7/183Moulds for making shaped articles with cavities or holes open to the surface, e.g. with blind holes the holes passing completely through the article for building blocks or similar block-shaped objects

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing hollow building blocks, according to which filling material is introduced into a press mold with protruding core mandrels, compacted by means of a press punch acting in the direction of the core mandrel and then the molded article is removed from the mold by pulling out the core mandrels and pulling off the press mold, and to a device to perform this procedure.
  • filling compound is poured into a box-shaped press mold, which is subjected to a shaking movement to make the filling more uniform and which absorbs core mandrels in the stones to form air slots and hollow chambers.
  • These core mandrels can be arranged in a fixed manner so that the filling compound is filled into the press mold which has already been equipped with the core mandrels, or they can be pressed into the already filled press mold from above or below after filling a mandrelless press mold, whereupon the filling compound is pressed by means of a press ram Forming and compression is pressed.
  • core mandrels Since considerable pressing pressures occur when the filling compound is pressed in the mold, there are high horizontal forces acting on the core mandrels, which require a minimum strength of these core mandrels for reasons of strength. So far, core mandrels with a minimum thickness of approx. 1.5 cm have to be used to prevent deformation and damage to avoid, and these core mandrel dimensions also require a corresponding limitation of the cavity cross-sections and web thicknesses that can be produced and thus an undesirable impairment of the achievable insulation properties.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of eliminating these deficiencies and of specifying a method of the type described at the outset which, in a rational manner, permits the production of hollow building blocks with comparatively small cross-sectional areas of the web and hollow space and thereby enables the formation of continuous air chambers, which also includes uniform compression of the filling compound with different degrees of compaction and thus selectable insulation properties.
  • a device for the expedient implementation of this method is to be created.
  • the invention solves this problem in that the core mandrels are raised above the fill level of the filling compound in the press mold before the start of the compression and are then withdrawn again during the compression. Due to the core mandrels protruding above the filling compound in the press mold, air chambers and cavities inevitably result through the height and, above all, the core mandrels can, without endangering the shaping process, during the compression to the extent of this protrusion in the direction of the press punch movement withdrawn, so that the horizontal forces occurring during compaction are reduced due to friction and have an effect essentially as vertical tensile forces with regard to the core mandrel load. Favorable load conditions are achieved which require lower strength properties of the core mandrels.
  • core mandrels can also be used with a thickness of 1 cm and hollow bricks with web and air chamber thicknesses of 0.5 to 1 cm can be produced without difficulty.
  • the tensile movement of the core mandrels creates a sliding contact between the filling compound and the core mandrel surface, which precisely forms the surface of the hollow chambers, and the additional movement tendency that occurs in the pressing sense and is transmitted from the core mandrels to the filling compound there is an improvement in mass compaction and an equalization of the degree of compaction.
  • Hollow building blocks with extremely slender webs and narrow gap widths of the cavities can be produced and, by appropriate dosing of the pressing pressure in connection with the core mandrel pulling movement, also influence the degree of compaction of the filling compound and thus the achievable insulation properties.
  • the hardening process is accelerated by the small web thicknesses and the continuous cavities, thus reducing the effort of storage and ensuring a material-saving manufacturing process.
  • a wide variety of fillers that cure hydraulically can be used, with additives such as natural pumice, metallurgical slag, leca, tufts, brick chippings, grit, sands, in particular quartz sands and mixtures thereof, and the like, for such fillers.
  • binders such as cement, limes, fly ash and mixtures thereof or other hydraulic binders can be used.
  • organic or chemical additives can also be added and the additives and binders mixed with water in any suitable ratio.
  • Special additives such as polystyrene and the like can also be used as additives. Like., are admixable.
  • the mold can be filled in the usual way with filling carts or the like to the top edge without this filling process being carried out towering core mandrels is impaired.
  • the core mandrels are moved out of the mold or the filling compound to the required excess, so that during the subsequent compression the mandrels can be subjected to tensile stress and withdrawn without losing their core function.
  • the core mandrels are set in vibration when filling the filling compound into the mold and / or when pulling back during the compression of the filling compound, so that even filling is possible when filling due to the internal oscillating movement and then the compression level is evened out during compression and also the friction conditions are favored.
  • the core mandrels are set in vibration when filling the filling compound into the mold and / or when pulling back during the compression of the filling compound, so that even filling is possible when filling due to the internal oscillating movement and then the compression level is evened out during compression and also the friction conditions are favored.
  • the core mandrels are set in vibration when filling the filling compound into the mold and / or when pulling back during the compression of the filling compound, so that even filling is possible when filling due to the internal oscillating movement and then the compression level is evened out during compression and also the friction conditions are favored.
  • Conventional devices for the production of hollow building blocks consist of a press which has a press table for a press mold, a lower lifting ram with core mandrels protruding from a support plate and retractable into the press mold, an upper press ram with a press plate which can be pressed downwards into the mold and a filling device for filling the mold with filling compound.
  • the press table comprises a table plate for placing the press mold and form the table plate and the press plate through openings for the introduction or insertion of the core mandrels, the lifting ram being able to be lowered while the press ram is pressurized.
  • the core mandrels By raising the lifting plunger, the core mandrels can be inserted through the openings in the table top from below into the mold open at the top and bottom, depending on the lifting height, the core mandrels protrude more or less high in the mold, which ensures proper filling with press mandrels at filling level and a subsequent raising of the core mandrels up to the fill level allowed. Then after placing the press ram, the core mandrels penetrating into the corresponding passage openings of the press plate, the retraction movement of the core mandrels is effected simultaneously with the pressing process via the lifting ram. Since the passage openings of the press plate provide an upper guide for the core mandrels, additional support of the core mandrels is ensured and no deformation of the core mandrels is to be feared even at the highest press pressures.
  • the core mandrels can be easily removed via the carrier plate set in vibration, which, together with the vibrator usually provided for the mold, ensures the desired oscillatory movements of the mold on the one hand and the core mandrels on the other.
  • a device for the rational manufacture of hollow building blocks consists essentially of a press 1 with a press frame 2 for supporting a press table 3, a lower lifting die 4 and an upper press die 5.
  • the press table 3 has a table top 6 for placing a box-shaped die 7 above a filling device 8 is provided for filling the mold 7 with filling compound.
  • the lifting ram 4 has a support plate 10, which is guided vertically along guide columns 9 and has protruding core mandrels 11, which can be inserted into the mold 7 from below through passage openings 12 in the table plate 6.
  • the press ram 5 is equipped with a tool carrier 13, which is likewise guided vertically along the guide columns 5 and on which a press plate 14 is seated.
  • the press plate 14 By pressing the ram 5, the press plate 14 can be inserted into the mold 7 from above, the press plate 14 forming through openings 15 for inserting the core mandrels 11.
  • the mold is assigned a vibrator 16, which is only indicated, and a vibrator 17 is assigned to the carrier plate 10, and a manipulator 19 which can be moved via actuating cylinder 18 is used to handle the mold 7.
  • a press mold 7 is placed on the table top 6 of the press table 3, both the lifting die 4 and the press die 5 being in their retracted starting position (FIG. 1).
  • the lifting punch 4 is brought into the filling position, in which the core mandrels 11 protrude up to the filling height H in the mold 7, which in the exemplary embodiment shown corresponds to the upper edge of this mold.
  • filling compound M is filled into the press mold 7 via the filling device 8, for example a filling car, for which purpose the filling car travels along corresponding rails 20 over the press mold 7 and fills it.
  • the vibrators 16, 17 are switched on, so that the filling compound is distributed quickly and evenly in the mold and between the core mandrels. If the mold 7 is filled, the filling carriage moves back and the core mandrels 11 are raised via the lifting ram 4 to the starting position for compression about 2 to 3 cm above the filling height H (FIG. 2).
  • the press die 5 is pressurized and the press plate 14 is lowered to fill level H, the core mandrels 11 being threaded with their upper ends into the passage openings 15 and being given an upper guide.
  • the vibrators 16, 17 are switched on again and the ram 5 is pressed downwards into the press mold 7, while at the same time the core mandrels 11 are withdrawn again, so that there are favorable compression and load conditions (FIG. 3).
  • the core mandrels 11 are withdrawn from the molding F via the lifting ram 4 through the through openings 12 of the table top 6, a slightly conical one Shape of the core mandrels facilitates the extraction process.
  • the finished molding F is still in the press mold 7 and can be lifted due to the existing wall friction forces via the manipulator 19 with the press mold 7, this lifting being carried out by the press ram 5, so that space for pushing in a bearing board 21 arises (Fig. 4).
  • the mold 7 is placed with the blank F on the bearing board 21 and then removed via the manipulator 19 with the help of the ram 5 as a counterhold from the blank F, which is released for acceptance after the final lifting of the ram 5.
  • the molding is transported away with the storage board 21 via a conveyor device (not shown) for curing or the like.
  • the mold 7 After removal of the molding F, the mold 7 is placed back on the table top 6 and a new hollow block can be manufactured.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Press-Shaping Or Shaping Using Conveyers (AREA)
  • Moulds, Cores, Or Mandrels (AREA)
  • Casting Or Compression Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
EP19950890152 1994-10-14 1995-08-23 Procédé pour la fabrication de blocs de construction évidés Expired - Lifetime EP0706864B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT1946/94 1994-10-14
AT194694A AT402375B (de) 1994-10-14 1994-10-14 Verfahren und vorrichtung zum herstellen von hohlbausteinen
AT194694 1994-10-14

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0706864A2 true EP0706864A2 (fr) 1996-04-17
EP0706864A3 EP0706864A3 (fr) 1998-11-04
EP0706864B1 EP0706864B1 (fr) 2002-02-27

Family

ID=3524459

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19950890152 Expired - Lifetime EP0706864B1 (fr) 1994-10-14 1995-08-23 Procédé pour la fabrication de blocs de construction évidés

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0706864B1 (fr)
AT (1) AT402375B (fr)
DE (1) DE59510075D1 (fr)

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19924926C1 (de) * 1999-05-31 2000-04-13 Hubaleck Gmbh U Co Kg Steinformmaschine mit Steinform für Mauerwerksteine
WO2001008859A1 (fr) * 1999-07-28 2001-02-08 Norbert Kranzinger Procede pour produire des parpaings creux et dispositif pour mettre en oeuvre ledit procede
DE10147572A1 (de) * 2001-09-26 2003-04-17 Moerlenbacher Betonwerk Richar Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen von Stein-Formlingen sowie Stein-Formling
WO2006005091A1 (fr) * 2004-07-08 2006-01-19 Kdm Engineering Gmbh Dispositif servant a fabriquer un bloc de construction creux a partir d'une masse de construction humide hydrauliquement durcissable
DE102005002497B3 (de) * 2005-01-19 2006-06-01 Hess Maschinenfabrik Gmbh & Co. Kg Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen von Hohlbausteinen
CN103507153A (zh) * 2013-10-23 2014-01-15 刘发清 无阻力顶升石膏砌块成型机
CN104227826A (zh) * 2014-09-17 2014-12-24 西安交通大学 一种液压激振式振动压砖机
CN109500980A (zh) * 2019-01-08 2019-03-22 李仰水 地砖的抽芯压头结构以及地砖的抽芯成型方法
CN111730725A (zh) * 2020-07-01 2020-10-02 孙明生 石膏砌块及其成型方法和装置

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105835210B (zh) * 2016-04-15 2017-12-12 澄江中天源环保科技有限公司 一种压制石膏空心砖的模具及其压制方法

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE360362C (de) * 1922-10-02 Wagner Otto Drehtischpresse zur Herstellung von Lochziegeln aus Kalk-Sand-, Zement-Sand-o. dgl. Moertelmassen
DE391143C (de) * 1922-12-23 1924-02-29 Duchscher & Cie Hydraulische Presse zur Herstellung von Birnenboeden aus einem Stueck
DE578845C (de) * 1933-06-24 Meer Akt Ges Maschf Presse zur Herstellung von Duesensteinen fuer Konverterboeden
GB969373A (en) * 1962-03-21 1964-09-09 Whittaker & Co Ltd C Improvements in brick making machines
GB970595A (en) * 1962-01-11 1964-09-23 Harbison Walker Refractiries C Machine for making perforated bricks
DE2837878A1 (de) * 1978-08-30 1980-03-13 Bucher Guyer Ag Masch Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung keramischer hohlkoerper

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3647332A (en) * 1969-08-29 1972-03-07 Parker Hannifin Corp Hydraulic press
ZA715429B (en) * 1970-09-10 1972-04-26 Olivetti & Co Spa A device for moulding parts to be sintered
BG27273A1 (en) * 1974-02-25 1979-10-12 Vnii P Rabot Ogneu Promysch Method and press for moulding details from powdered and granular materials
US4153399A (en) * 1977-09-08 1979-05-08 Ptx-Pentronix, Inc. Multiple punch tool set for powder compacting press
DE3142126A1 (de) * 1981-10-23 1983-05-11 Dorst-Keramikmaschinen-Bau Otto Dorst U. Dipl.-Ing. Walter Schlegel, 8113 Kochel "presse zum herstellen masshaltiger presslinge aus pulverfoermigem material"

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE360362C (de) * 1922-10-02 Wagner Otto Drehtischpresse zur Herstellung von Lochziegeln aus Kalk-Sand-, Zement-Sand-o. dgl. Moertelmassen
DE578845C (de) * 1933-06-24 Meer Akt Ges Maschf Presse zur Herstellung von Duesensteinen fuer Konverterboeden
DE391143C (de) * 1922-12-23 1924-02-29 Duchscher & Cie Hydraulische Presse zur Herstellung von Birnenboeden aus einem Stueck
GB970595A (en) * 1962-01-11 1964-09-23 Harbison Walker Refractiries C Machine for making perforated bricks
GB969373A (en) * 1962-03-21 1964-09-09 Whittaker & Co Ltd C Improvements in brick making machines
DE2837878A1 (de) * 1978-08-30 1980-03-13 Bucher Guyer Ag Masch Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung keramischer hohlkoerper

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19924926C1 (de) * 1999-05-31 2000-04-13 Hubaleck Gmbh U Co Kg Steinformmaschine mit Steinform für Mauerwerksteine
WO2001008859A1 (fr) * 1999-07-28 2001-02-08 Norbert Kranzinger Procede pour produire des parpaings creux et dispositif pour mettre en oeuvre ledit procede
AT410294B (de) * 1999-07-28 2003-03-25 Kranzinger Norbert Verfahren zum herstellen von hohlbausteinen und vorrichtung zur durchführung des verfahrens
DE10147572A1 (de) * 2001-09-26 2003-04-17 Moerlenbacher Betonwerk Richar Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen von Stein-Formlingen sowie Stein-Formling
DE10147572B4 (de) * 2001-09-26 2006-08-24 Mörlenbacher Betonwerk Richard Wagner GmbH & Co. KG Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen von Stein-Formlingen sowie Stein-Formling
WO2006005091A1 (fr) * 2004-07-08 2006-01-19 Kdm Engineering Gmbh Dispositif servant a fabriquer un bloc de construction creux a partir d'une masse de construction humide hydrauliquement durcissable
WO2006077053A1 (fr) * 2005-01-19 2006-07-27 Hess Maschinenfabrik Gmbh & Co. Kg Procede et dispositif de production de modules creux
DE102005002497B3 (de) * 2005-01-19 2006-06-01 Hess Maschinenfabrik Gmbh & Co. Kg Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen von Hohlbausteinen
CN103507153A (zh) * 2013-10-23 2014-01-15 刘发清 无阻力顶升石膏砌块成型机
CN103507153B (zh) * 2013-10-23 2016-09-28 刘发清 无阻力顶升石膏砌块成型机
CN104227826A (zh) * 2014-09-17 2014-12-24 西安交通大学 一种液压激振式振动压砖机
CN109500980A (zh) * 2019-01-08 2019-03-22 李仰水 地砖的抽芯压头结构以及地砖的抽芯成型方法
CN111730725A (zh) * 2020-07-01 2020-10-02 孙明生 石膏砌块及其成型方法和装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0706864A3 (fr) 1998-11-04
AT402375B (de) 1997-04-25
EP0706864B1 (fr) 2002-02-27
ATA194694A (de) 1996-09-15
DE59510075D1 (de) 2002-04-04

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