EP0697069A1 - Pompe a vide rotative a friction comportant des sections de conception differente - Google Patents

Pompe a vide rotative a friction comportant des sections de conception differente

Info

Publication number
EP0697069A1
EP0697069A1 EP94913098A EP94913098A EP0697069A1 EP 0697069 A1 EP0697069 A1 EP 0697069A1 EP 94913098 A EP94913098 A EP 94913098A EP 94913098 A EP94913098 A EP 94913098A EP 0697069 A1 EP0697069 A1 EP 0697069A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pump
rotor
pump according
stator
section
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP94913098A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0697069B1 (fr
Inventor
Günter Schütz
Heinrich Engländer
Friedrich Karl Von Schulz-Hausmann
Hinrich Henning
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Leybold GmbH
Original Assignee
Leybold AG
Leybold Vacuum GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Leybold AG, Leybold Vacuum GmbH filed Critical Leybold AG
Priority to EP98110191A priority Critical patent/EP0874159A3/fr
Publication of EP0697069A1 publication Critical patent/EP0697069A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0697069B1 publication Critical patent/EP0697069B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D19/00—Axial-flow pumps
    • F04D19/02—Multi-stage pumps
    • F04D19/04—Multi-stage pumps specially adapted to the production of a high vacuum, e.g. molecular pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D17/00—Radial-flow pumps, e.g. centrifugal pumps; Helico-centrifugal pumps
    • F04D17/08—Centrifugal pumps
    • F04D17/16—Centrifugal pumps for displacing without appreciable compression
    • F04D17/168—Pumps specially adapted to produce a vacuum
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D19/00—Axial-flow pumps
    • F04D19/02—Multi-stage pumps
    • F04D19/04—Multi-stage pumps specially adapted to the production of a high vacuum, e.g. molecular pumps
    • F04D19/046—Combinations of two or more different types of pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D23/00—Other rotary non-positive-displacement pumps
    • F04D23/008—Regenerative pumps

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a friction vacuum pump with differently designed pump sections, of which the inlet-side pump section consists of turbomolecular pump stages and a further pump section consists of Siegbahn stages, each with spirally shaped grooves, the pump-active surfaces of the Siegbahn stages each from the facing surfaces a rotor and a stator ring disk are formed.
  • Gaede pump To the friction vacuum Gaede pump are in a housing (rotating cylinder with pumping gap and between inlet and outlet technicallyem barrier gap), Holweck pump in a housing ( ⁇ rotating cylinder with helical, stator or rotor-side grooves), Siegbahn pump (rotating and standing ring disks with spiral grooves) and turbomolecular pumps equipped with rotor and guide vanes. It is known to equip friction pumps with differently designed pump sections.
  • a friction pump of the type mentioned is known.
  • the rotor disks of the Siegbahn stage are each equipped with the spiral-shaped grooves.
  • the production of a friction pump of this type is relatively complex since not only its stator but also its rotor has to be manufactured and assembled from a large number of individual parts.
  • the present invention has for its object to simplify the manufacture of a friction vacuum pump of the type mentioned.
  • this object is achieved in that in a friction vacuum pump of the type mentioned, the stator washers are each equipped with the spiral grooves.
  • this measure ensures that it is no longer necessary to manufacture the rotor from a large number of individual parts.
  • the rotor can be made in one piece and e.g. be turned from the solid.
  • the adaptation of a friction pump of the type concerned here to different applications is simpler.
  • the properties of the spiral grooves determine the pump properties.
  • stator and rotor in a friction vacuum pump according to the prior art have to be dismantled one after the other, the rotor disks with the spiral grooves have to be replaced and then the rotor and stator have to be mounted again.
  • stator and rotor in a friction vacuum pump according to the invention only the stator has to be dismantled and reassembled with replacement disks.
  • a further advantageous measure according to the invention consists in that at least one further pump stage of any type - preferably a friction pump - is connected to the pump section with the Siegbahn stages, which has good conveying properties in the intermediate range between molecular flow and viscous flow.
  • a vacuum pump designed in this way, a relatively high backing pressure (greater than 10 mbar) can be generated, so that pumps of this type can be operated with small and inexpensive backing pumps.
  • FIG. 1 shows a friction vacuum pump according to the invention
  • Figure 2 shows a section through the pump of Figure 1 at the level of the stator disk of a Siegbahn stage
  • FIG. 3 shows a section through the pump according to FIG. 1 at the level of a further pump stage adjoining the Siegbahn pump section in the conveying direction, FIG.
  • FIGS. 4, 5 and 6 show a further exemplary embodiment of a pump according to the invention
  • FIGS. 7, 8 an exemplary embodiment of a pump according to the invention with a special rotor suspension
  • Figures 13 to 18 sections through pump stages, which are designed as a combined Siegbahn / Gaede stages.
  • the embodiment according to FIG. 1 is a friction vacuum pump 1, the housing of which is designated by 2.
  • the upper, cylindrical housing section 3 comprises and centers the stator 4, which comprises a plurality of stator rings 5, 6 and 7.
  • the rotor 8 is supported via the bearings 9 and the pump shaft 10 in the pump housing 2.
  • the drive motor is designated 11.
  • a recipient to be evacuated is connected to the inlet flange 12.
  • the gases are conveyed to the outlet 13 to which a backing pump is connected.
  • the embodiment of Figure 1 is equipped with a total of 3 pump sections.
  • the pump section on the high vacuum side consists of turbomolecular pump stages.
  • the stator rings 5 each carry the inwardly directed stator blades 14, to which rotor blades 15 attached to the rotor 8 are assigned.
  • the second pump section has Siegbahn pump stages. These comprise rotating ring disks 16 fastened to the rotor 8, the surfaces of which are flat. Between the rotor ring disks 16 are the stator ring disks 17.
  • the stator rings 6 carry the stator ring disks 17; they are preferably formed in one piece.
  • the end face of the stator ring disks 17 is equipped with spiral projections 18 and corresponding grooves 19 (cf. FIG. 2).
  • the spiral design is selected so that a continuous gas flow from the inlet 12 to the outlet 13 is ensured, that is to say that in the exemplary embodiment shown, the pump-active surfaces of the Siegbahn stages located above a stator washer 6, the gases from the outside inwards and those below one Stator ring disk 6 pump-active surfaces of the Siegbahnhaven convey the gases from the inside to the outside.
  • Three spiral grooves or projections are provided, each of which extends over approximately 360 °.
  • the number, depth, width and pitch of the spirals determine the pump properties of the pump section consisting of Siegbahn stages.
  • the last pressure-side Siegbahn stage conveys the gases from outside to inside. From there they arrive in a pump stage which is particularly suitable for the intermediate region between molecular flow and viscous flow and which is designed in the manner of a gyroscopic work machine.
  • This comprises rotor blades 8 which are fastened to the rotor 8 and which are curved rearward with respect to the direction of rotation (arrow 21 in FIG. 3) and which are essentially axially extending.
  • These rotor blades are associated with rotor-wheel driven machine guide vanes 23 which are carried by the stator ring 7.
  • the guide vanes 23 form flow channels 24, which are arranged approximately perpendicular to the outer regions of the rotor blades and through which the gas flows in an approximately radial direction to the outside. In the outer area, the flow channels 24 are provided with openings 25 through which the gases reach the fore-vacuum side of the pump.
  • the flow path of the gases is indicated by arrow 26.
  • the first Siegbahn stage following the turbomolecular pump stages conveys the gases from outside to inside.
  • the rotor ring disk 16 upstream of the stator ring disk 17 of the first Siegbahn stage has a smaller diameter than the other rotor ring disks 16 and has shorter blades 27 on its circumference than the other rotor blades 15.
  • a correspondingly designed first stator ring disk 17 can be provided with an enlarged inside diameter compared to the other disks, which carries shortened stator blades on its inside.
  • a turbomolecular pump section and then a Siegbahn pump section are provided on the high vacuum or inlet side.
  • the pre-vacuum-side pump stage adjoining the Siegbahn pump section is designed in the manner of a side channel pump.
  • in the mutually facing, radially extending surfaces of the last rotor ring disk 28 (FIG. 5) and the last stator ring disk 29 (FIG. 6) in cross section approximately mutually shaped, essentially circular grooves 31, 32 are provided.
  • the rotating groove 31 arranged on the suction side is equipped with a large number of transverse webs 33.
  • the fixed groove 32 arranged on the pressure side has an inlet 34 and an outlet 35 with respect to the conveyed gases.
  • Its inlet 34 is a groove section which extends radially outwards and which defines the through the peripheral pump gap between the annular disc 27 and the stator 4 flowing gases.
  • the outlet 35 is a substantially axially extending bore which connects the groove 32 to the fore-vacuum space. Inlet 34 and outlet 35 lie directly next to one another and are separated from one another by a web (36) in order to avoid backflow. A division of the groove 32 into two or more groove sections, each with an inlet 34 and an outlet 35, is possible.
  • the shaft 10 is initially supported via its bearings 9 on the inside of a sleeve-shaped carrier 41.
  • the upper end of the carrier 41 is equipped with a collar 42.
  • the lower end of the carrier projects into a recess 43 of a housing component 44, which has only a slightly larger diameter than the outer diameter of the carrier 41.
  • An O-ring 45 between the carrier 41 and the inside of the recess 43 secures the central position of the carrier 41.
  • three essentially axially extending rods 46 are provided, which are fastened to the collar 42 and to the housing component 44. If a rotor 8 suspended in this way executes vibrations as a result of shocks or when driving through resonances, the amplitudes are very small and are directed exclusively radially.
  • the O-ring 45 acts as a damping element for vibrations of this type.
  • Fig. 9 shows an embodiment of a pump according to the invention, in which the rotor is supported on a fixed pin 51 of the housing 2 and the drive motor 11 is designed as an external rotor motor.
  • the pin 51 is equipped with a collar 52 at its upper end.
  • the sleeve-shaped carrier 41 has an inwardly directed edge 53 at its lower end.
  • the rods 46 extend between the collar 52 and the edge 53.
  • a Holweck pump section adjoins the Siegbahn pump section on the pressure side, which consists of the stator ring 55 with the helically shaped projections 56 and the outside of the cylindrical rotor section 57. This carries the motor rotor on the inside.
  • a gaedepump section is connected to the Holweck pump section.
  • This includes the stator ring 60 on the stator side with two circumferential webs 61, 62, which form the groove 63, and the correspondingly elongated rotor section 57 on the rotor side.
  • One or more openings 64 (cf. also FIG. 10) in the upper web 61 form the inlet into the gate pump stages. These are located directly next to one another one or more fixed projections 65, which protrude into the groove 63 and which form the blocking gap 66 with the rotor 57.
  • the outlet opening (s) 67 are located in the lower web 62 and open into the fore-vacuum chamber of the pump 1.
  • the groove 63 is divided into two sections.
  • Two gate pump stages arranged parallel to each other are provided. They each have the inlet opening 64 and the outlet openings 67 and each extend over approximately 180 °.
  • the arrow 68 indicates the direction of rotation of the rotor 57.
  • the groove 63 is no longer annular.
  • the sections of the groove 63 which extend between the inlet 64 and the outlet 67 have a decreasing (FIG. 11) or constantly changing (FIG. 12) cross section.
  • the desired pressure build-up is thereby achieved.
  • several chambers 69 are present, in which a relatively slow pressure build-up and a relatively rapid expansion take place in succession. The pressure increases from chamber to chamber.
  • FIGS. 13 to 18 show embodiments for Siegbahn ⁇ stages, which are combined with Gaede stages.
  • the outer diameter of the rotating ring disks 17 are selected such that an outer ring space 71, 72 is present between their periphery and the stator 4 surrounding them.
  • the inner diameter of the stator washers 16 is selected such that an inner annular space 73, 74 is present in each case. From FIG.
  • the gases are conveyed inwards into the spiral-shaped grooves (Siegbahn pump effect) and arrive there in the sections of the annular space 73. There they are entrained in the direction of the arrows 84, 85 and arrive on the Underside of the stator ring disk 16 shown in plan view in FIG. 13 into the grooves 19, which are designed in such a way that they convey the gases back outwards.
  • the pump-active surfaces have been increased in that the height of the outer annular spaces 71, 72 has been selected to be greater than the thickness of the rotating disks 17 and that the disks 17 with their outer edges into the annular spaces 71, 72 protrude.
  • the projections 75, 76 must be U-shaped in this solution (Fig. 18).
  • the effective pumping surface can also be increased within the inner annular spaces if the rotating central part is equipped with projections.
  • An example of a ring-shaped projection 86 is shown in dashed lines in FIG.
  • the solutions for combined Gaede / Siegbahn stages described and shown in FIGS. 13 to 18 can be present instead of the Siegbahn stages effective in the pumps according to FIGS. 1, 4 and 7.
  • the combined stages are particularly suitable for pump sections located in the vicinity of the fore-vacuum side.
  • the number of locking gaps in the respective annular spaces 71 to 74 is arbitrary. It is to be adapted to the number and design of the grooves 19 located on the stator ring disks.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Non-Positive Displacement Air Blowers (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une pompe à vide rotative (1) à friction comportant des sections de conception différente dont la section située côté admission est composée d'étages du type pompe turbomoléculaire (14, 15) et une autre section composée d'étages du type siegbahn (16, 17) munis chacun de rainures (19) spiroïdales. Les surfaces des étages siegbahn actives en terme de pompage sont constituées par les surfaces qui se font face d'un disque annulaire de rotor et d'un disque annulaire de stator (16, 17). Afin de simplifier la fabrication d'une pompe de ce type, il est prévu que chacun des disques annulaires de stator (16) soient munis de rainures (19) spiroïdales.
EP94913098A 1993-05-03 1994-03-31 Pompe a vide rotative a friction comportant des sections de conception differente Expired - Lifetime EP0697069B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP98110191A EP0874159A3 (fr) 1993-05-03 1994-03-31 Pompe à vide à friction avec étage du type à canal de Gaede

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4314418A DE4314418A1 (de) 1993-05-03 1993-05-03 Reibungsvakuumpumpe mit unterschiedlich gestalteten Pumpenabschnitten
DE4314418 1993-05-03
PCT/EP1994/001011 WO1994025760A1 (fr) 1993-05-03 1994-03-31 Pompe a vide rotative a friction comportant des sections de conception differente

Related Child Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP98110191A Division EP0874159A3 (fr) 1993-05-03 1994-03-31 Pompe à vide à friction avec étage du type à canal de Gaede

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0697069A1 true EP0697069A1 (fr) 1996-02-21
EP0697069B1 EP0697069B1 (fr) 2000-05-24

Family

ID=6486923

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP94913098A Expired - Lifetime EP0697069B1 (fr) 1993-05-03 1994-03-31 Pompe a vide rotative a friction comportant des sections de conception differente
EP98110191A Withdrawn EP0874159A3 (fr) 1993-05-03 1994-03-31 Pompe à vide à friction avec étage du type à canal de Gaede

Family Applications After (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP98110191A Withdrawn EP0874159A3 (fr) 1993-05-03 1994-03-31 Pompe à vide à friction avec étage du type à canal de Gaede

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US5695316A (fr)
EP (2) EP0697069B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH08511071A (fr)
DE (2) DE4314418A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1994025760A1 (fr)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE59409375D1 (de) 2000-06-29
EP0874159A3 (fr) 1998-11-18
EP0874159A2 (fr) 1998-10-28
JPH08511071A (ja) 1996-11-19
EP0697069B1 (fr) 2000-05-24
US5695316A (en) 1997-12-09
WO1994025760A1 (fr) 1994-11-10
DE4314418A1 (de) 1994-11-10

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