EP0657642B1 - Dispositif d'injection de combustible pour moteurs à combustion interne - Google Patents

Dispositif d'injection de combustible pour moteurs à combustion interne Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0657642B1
EP0657642B1 EP94113010A EP94113010A EP0657642B1 EP 0657642 B1 EP0657642 B1 EP 0657642B1 EP 94113010 A EP94113010 A EP 94113010A EP 94113010 A EP94113010 A EP 94113010A EP 0657642 B1 EP0657642 B1 EP 0657642B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
valve
pressure
space
injection
injection device
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP94113010A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0657642A2 (fr
EP0657642A3 (fr
Inventor
Peter Dipl.-Ing. Müller
Jaroslaw Dipl.-Ing. Hlousek
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP0657642A2 publication Critical patent/EP0657642A2/fr
Publication of EP0657642A3 publication Critical patent/EP0657642A3/fr
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Publication of EP0657642B1 publication Critical patent/EP0657642B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/0003—Fuel-injection apparatus having a cyclically-operated valve for connecting a pressure source, e.g. constant pressure pump or accumulator, to an injection valve held closed mechanically, e.g. by springs, and automatically opened by fuel pressure
    • F02M63/0007—Fuel-injection apparatus having a cyclically-operated valve for connecting a pressure source, e.g. constant pressure pump or accumulator, to an injection valve held closed mechanically, e.g. by springs, and automatically opened by fuel pressure using electrically actuated valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B3/00—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition
    • F02B3/06—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition with compression ignition

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a fuel injection device for Internal combustion engines according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • a fuel injection device known from DE-OS 37 00 687 a high pressure fuel pump delivers fuel from a Low-pressure room in a high-pressure plenum that is connected to high-pressure lines with the individual, in the combustion chamber of the to be supplied Internal combustion engine projecting injection valves is connected, wherein this common pressure storage system by a pressure control device is kept at a certain pressure.
  • a pressure control device is kept at a certain pressure.
  • To control the Injection times and injection quantities at the injection valves is on These each have an electrically controlled control valve in the high pressure lines used that with its opening and closing the High-pressure fuel injection on the injection valve controls.
  • the known fuel injection device has the disadvantage that it is very expensive to construct and also for the defined limitation of the stroke movements of the valve member additional stroke stop surfaces are provided.
  • the fuel injection device according to the invention with the characteristic Features of claim 1 contributes to simplification of the entire injector. This will be advantageous simply with a double seat valve electrically controlled control valve reached, the respective Stroke is formed by a valve seat and that the pressure application surfaces of the same size on the valve member in both stroke directions in the open and closed state is pressure balanced, so that the actuating forces of the valve member actuating solenoid valve only the force of a return spring have to overcome.
  • Another advantage is the through hole in the piston Valve element of the control valve reached, via which the under high Fuel under pressure during the injection breaks from the High pressure area within the control valve in a relief chamber flows out and via which a constant pressure equalization on both valve member faces, or the rooms adjacent to it.
  • An injection pressure curve with a slight increase in pressure at the beginning and to achieve a high injection pressure at the end is the volume of the pressure storage spaces 5 assigned to the injection valves up to 20 times larger than the maximum injection quantity at the injection valve executed, the one at the injection valve at the start of injection reflected fuel pressure in the pressure reservoir for a pressure increase is used to a value above the system pressure.
  • This Pressure increase can be done by dimensioning the high pressure line and a pressure valve in the inlet adjustable Adjust the afterflow into the pressure accumulator in such a way that towards the end of injection the highest fuel pressure is built up in the system.
  • a flow restrictor inserted into the pressure connection of the pressure accumulator prevents the pressure fluctuations from propagating into the system.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic illustration of the fuel injection device with a longitudinal section through the control valve and the injection valve and Figure 2 shows the design of the valve seats and sealing surfaces of the control valve in an enlarged section from FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 1 In the fuel injection device shown in FIG. 1 is a high-pressure fuel pump 1 on the suction side via a fuel supply line 3 with a fuel-filled low-pressure chamber 5 and on the pressure side via a delivery line 7 with a high-pressure plenum 9 connected, the output of High-pressure fuel pump 1 from an electrical control unit 11 is controllable.
  • High-pressure lines 13 lead from the high-pressure collecting space 9 to the individual, protruding into the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine to be supplied Injection valves 15, whereby to control the injection process one electric control valve 17 on each injection valve 15 is inserted into the respective high pressure line 13.
  • each high-pressure line 13 there is between the high-pressure plenum 9 and control valve 17, a further pressure storage space 19 is provided, whose volume is about 5 to 20 times larger than the maximum Injection quantity at injection valve 15 per injection process is and the one via two parallel pressure connections with that to the high-pressure plenum 9 leading part of the high pressure line 13 is connected.
  • first pressure connection 21 in the direction of the pressure storage space 19 opening pressure valve 23 and designed as a check valve a second pressure port 25 to a throttle point 27, wherein about the throttle 27 an uncontrolled backflow of fuel in the part of the high-pressure line 13 leading to the high-pressure collecting space 9 and influencing the pressure in the pressure storage spaces of the remaining injectors should be avoided while the pressure valve 23 enables rapid refilling of the pressure storage space 19.
  • It can be about the design of the throttle 27 and Pressure valve 23 depending on the dimensioning of the high pressure line 13 the inflow and outflow quantity into the pressure storage space 19 adjust especially during high pressure injection, whereby Throttle 27 and pressure valve 23 also in a common pressure connection, can be arranged in series.
  • the control valve 17 is designed as a 3/2 way valve, the piston-shaped Valve member 29 from one to its one end face one between the housing 31 and a spring plate 33 on Valve member 29 supporting compression spring 35 acting electrical Actuating magnet 37 is actuated, the current supply from the control unit 11 is controlled.
  • the valve member 29 has one on its shaft Ring web 39, the lower one facing away from the actuating magnet 37 Transition surface to the piston skirt is conical and there forms a first conical sealing surface 41 on the valve member 29, which with a conical valve seat 43 cooperates.
  • This in Figure 2 enlarged conical valve seat 43 is by a conical diameter expansion of a, a guide piston part 45 on the valve member 29 receiving guide bore 49 within the housing 31 of the control valve 17 is formed.
  • the stroke movement of the valve member 29 is in each case by contact the sealing surfaces 41, 55 limited to one of the valve seats 43, 59.
  • the ring web 39 is in one of the respective valve seats 43, 59 limited, an anteroom 65 forming an annular space from which a pressure line 67 to the injection valve 15 and a relief channel 69 lead away.
  • This relief channel 69 is partially through a remaining annular gap between the piston skirt and the bore 57 formed in the intermediate piece 61, with its outer diameter formed smaller than the sealing surface 55 and so of this is lockable.
  • the bore 57 opens into the as a return spring acting compression spring 35 of the valve member 29 receiving Spring chamber 63 and is, an axial through bore 71 in the valve member 29 intersecting transverse bores 73 with one of which Setting magnet 37 facing away from the end face of the guide piston 45 of the Valve member 29 connected relief space 75.
  • This inside the relief bore 75 formed in the guide bore 49 axially in a direction away from the control magnet 37 in a spring chamber 77 of the injection valve 15, in which a valve member 79 of the injection valve 15 acting in the closing direction valve spring 81 is arranged and of which a return line 83 in discharges the low pressure chamber 5.
  • the valve member 79 of the injection valve 15 is known Way with a conical pressure shoulder 85, which in one with the pressure line 67 connected pressure chamber 87 protrudes such that the pressure in the pressure chamber 87 acts on the valve member 79 in the opening direction.
  • An injection channel 89 also leads from the pressure chamber 87 along valve member 79 to one or more of the sealing surface at the tip of the valve member 79 controlled injection openings 91 of the injection valve 15 in the not shown Combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine to be supplied.
  • the fuel injection device according to the invention works in the following Wise.
  • the high-pressure fuel pump 1 delivers the fuel from the Low pressure chamber 5 in the high pressure collection chamber 9 and builds in this high fuel pressure, which is controlled by the high pressure pump 1 is adjustable. This high fuel pressure takes over the high pressure lines 13 into the pressure chamber 51 of the individual Control valves 17 on the injection valves 15 and fills also the respective pressure storage spaces 19 via the pressure valves 23.
  • the Actuator 37 energizes and shifts the valve member 29 of the control valve 17 against the restoring force of the spring 35 to the system its flat valve sealing surface 55 to the flat valve seat 59 the connection of the anteroom 65 to the relief channel 69 is closed and opened to the pressure line 67, so that the High fuel pressure now from the pressure chamber 51 via the vestibule 65 and the Pressure line 67 continues to the pressure chamber 87 of the injection valve 15 and there about the lifting of the valve member 79 from its valve seat The injection takes place at the injection openings 91 in a known manner.
  • the actuating magnet 37 is activated again switched off and the compression spring 35 brings this even in the open Condition due to the ring shoulder 53 pressure-balanced valve member 29 of the control valve 17 again in contact with the conical valve seat 43.
  • the opening cross section at the flat valve seat 59 is opened and the high pressure fuel relaxes via the relief channel 69, the spring chamber 63, the transverse and longitudinal bores 73, 71 in valve member 29 in the relief chamber 75, from where the fuel via the spring chamber 77 and the return line 83 flows into the low pressure chamber 5, so that the valve member 79 of the injection valve 15 is depressurized under Action of the valve spring 81 goes into the closed position and the valve member 29 is pressure balanced again.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Claims (12)

  1. Installation d'injection de carburant pour des moteurs à combustion interne, comprenant une pompe de carburant à haute pression (1) qui transfert du carburant d'une chambre basse pression (5) dans une chambre collectrice à haute pression (9), en étant reliée par des conduites haute pression (13) à des injecteurs (15) pénétrant dans les chambres de combustion du moteur à combustion ainsi alimenté, injecteurs dont le mouvement d'ouverture et de fermeture est commandé chaque fois par une vanne de commande (17) à commande électrique, équipant la conduite haute pression (13) au niveau de l'injecteur (15), et ayant un organe d'obturation ou organe de soupape (29) en forme de piston, et
    une autre chambre accumulatrice de pression (19) à chaque injecteur (15), qui est intégrée dans la conduite à haute pression (13) entre la chambre collectrice à haute pression (9) et l'injecteur (15),
    la vanne de commande (17) de l'injecteur (15) fermant la communication entre l'autre chambre accumulatrice de pression (19) et une chambre de pression (87) à l'intérieur de l'injecteur (15), et qui sollicite l'organe d'obturation (79) de l'injecteur (15) dans le sens de l'ouverture,
    la vanne de commande (17), pendant les pauses d'injection de l'injecteur (15), commandant dans le sens de l'ouverture une communication entre la chambre de pression (87) de l'injecteur (15) et une chambre de décharge (75),
    caractérisée en ce que
    l'organe d'obturation (29) en forme de piston, comporte une nervure annulaire (39) dont la surface périphérique transitoire vers le corps de soupape de moindre diamètre, forme une première surface d'étanchéité de soupape (41) coopérant avec un siège de soupape (43), et
    dont l'autre transition vers le diamètre plus petit du corps de l'organe d'obturation de soupape se fait par un décrochement annulaire (53), auquel fait suite une partie (45) du piston de guidage, écarté de la nervure annulaire 39, du côté opposé à la nervure annulaire (39), et dont la surface frontale annulaire, axiale, opposée à la nervure annulaire (39), forme une seconde surface d'étanchéité de soupape (55) coopérant avec un siège de soupape (59) solidaire du boítier.
  2. Installation d'injection de carburant selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisée en ce que
    le mouvement de translation de l'organe d'obturation (29) de la vanne de commande (17) est limité chaque fois par la venue en butée des surfaces d'étanchéité de soupape (41, 55) contre l'un des sièges de soupape (43, 59).
  3. Installation d'injection de carburant selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisée en ce que
    le diamètre extérieur du décrochement annulaire (53) portant la surface d'étanchéité de soupape (55) plate, est égal au diamètre d'un piston de guidage (45) de l'organe d'obturation (29) dans un perçage de guidage (49) qui fait suite à une rainure annulaire (47), partant de la surface d'étanchéité de soupape (41), conique de l'organe d'obturation (29), en limitant ainsi une chambre de pression (51) formée entre la paroi du perçage de guidage (49) et l'organe d'obturation (29) au niveau de la rainure annulaire (47).
  4. Installation d'injection de carburant selon la revendication 3,
    caractérisée en ce que
    la nervure annulaire (39) est prévue dans une antichambre (65), reliée en permanence à une conduite de pression (67) aboutissant à la chambre de pression (87) de l'injecteur (15).
  5. Installation d'injection de carburant selon la revendication 4,
    caractérisée en ce que
    la chambre de pression (51) est reliée au niveau de la rainure annulaire (47) de l'organe d'obturation (29), en permanence avec une partie de la conduite à haute pression (13) qui part de la chambre accumulatrice de pression (19).
  6. Installation d'injection de carburant selon les revendications 4 et 5,
    caractérisée en ce que
    la liaison entre l'antichambre (65) et la chambre de pression (51) peut être fermée par la venue en appui de la surface d'étanchéité conique (41) de l'organe d'obturation (29) contre le siège de soupape conique (43).
  7. Installation d'injection de carburant selon la revendication 4,
    caractérisée en ce que
    par la réalisation du corps de l'organe d'obturation adjacent à la surface d'étanchéité de soupape (55), plate, avec un diamètre plus petit que celui du perçage (57) qui le reçoit, on forme un canal de décharge (69) reliant l'antichambre (65) à la chambre de décharge (75) lorsque le siège de soupape plat est ouvert.
  8. Installation d'injection de carburant selon la revendication 7,
    caractérisée en ce que
    l'organe d'obturation (29) en forme de piston de la vanne de commande (17) comporte un perçage axial traversant (71) et des perçages transversaux (73) qui en partent au niveau du canal de décharge (69), par lesquels le carburant qui sort du passage de carburant par la conduite de pression (67) et l'antichambre (65) lorsque le siège de soupape plat est ouvert, se fait du canal de décharge (69) dans la chambre de décharge (75).
  9. Installation d'injection de carburant selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisée en ce que
    la vanne de commande (17) est une électrovanne à tiroir à 3/2 voies commandée par un appareil de commande électrique (11).
  10. Installation d'injection de carburant selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisée en ce que
    le volume accumulateur de la chambre accumulatrice de pression (19) représente entre 5 et 20 fois la quantité injectée, maximale par l'injecteur (15).
  11. Installation d'injection de carburant selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisée en ce que
    la chambre accumulatrice de pression (19) est reliée par deux branchements de pression parallèles à la partie de la conduite haute pression (13) reliée à la chambre collectrice haute pression (9), et dont un premier branchement de pression (21) comporte une vanne de pression (23) s'ouvrant en direction de l'accumulateur de pression (19), de préférence un clapet antiretour et le second branchement de pression (25) comporte un point d'étranglement (27).
  12. Installation d'injection de carburant selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisée en ce que
    la chambre accumulatrice de pression (19) est reliée par un branchement de pression à la partie de la conduite haute pression (13) conduisant à la chambre collectrice haute pression (9), et cette conduite comporte une soupape de pression s'ouvrant en direction de la chambre accumulatrice de pression (19), de préférence un clapet antiretour ainsi qu'un point d'étranglement branché en série avec celui-ci.
EP94113010A 1993-12-07 1994-08-20 Dispositif d'injection de combustible pour moteurs à combustion interne Expired - Lifetime EP0657642B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4341543A DE4341543A1 (de) 1993-12-07 1993-12-07 Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung für Brennkraftmaschinen
DE4341543 1993-12-07

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0657642A2 EP0657642A2 (fr) 1995-06-14
EP0657642A3 EP0657642A3 (fr) 1995-12-06
EP0657642B1 true EP0657642B1 (fr) 1999-01-13

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP94113010A Expired - Lifetime EP0657642B1 (fr) 1993-12-07 1994-08-20 Dispositif d'injection de combustible pour moteurs à combustion interne

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US5497750A (fr)
EP (1) EP0657642B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP3655938B2 (fr)
DE (2) DE4341543A1 (fr)

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Publication number Publication date
JPH07189849A (ja) 1995-07-28
US5497750A (en) 1996-03-12
DE59407645D1 (de) 1999-02-25
EP0657642A2 (fr) 1995-06-14
EP0657642A3 (fr) 1995-12-06
DE4341543A1 (de) 1995-06-08
JP3655938B2 (ja) 2005-06-02

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