EP0656518A1 - Arme à feu comportant un amortisseur de recul, en particulier arme à poing - Google Patents

Arme à feu comportant un amortisseur de recul, en particulier arme à poing Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0656518A1
EP0656518A1 EP94118693A EP94118693A EP0656518A1 EP 0656518 A1 EP0656518 A1 EP 0656518A1 EP 94118693 A EP94118693 A EP 94118693A EP 94118693 A EP94118693 A EP 94118693A EP 0656518 A1 EP0656518 A1 EP 0656518A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
barrel
group
spring
closure
stop
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP94118693A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0656518B1 (fr
Inventor
Helmut Weldle
Hermann Albrecht
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Heckler und Koch GmbH
Original Assignee
Heckler und Koch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Heckler und Koch GmbH filed Critical Heckler und Koch GmbH
Publication of EP0656518A1 publication Critical patent/EP0656518A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0656518B1 publication Critical patent/EP0656518B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A3/00—Breech mechanisms, e.g. locks
    • F41A3/64—Mounting of breech-blocks; Accessories for breech-blocks or breech-block mountings
    • F41A3/78—Bolt buffer or recuperator means
    • F41A3/82—Coil spring buffers
    • F41A3/86—Coil spring buffers mounted under or above the barrel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A5/00—Mechanisms or systems operated by propellant charge energy for automatically opening the lock
    • F41A5/02—Mechanisms or systems operated by propellant charge energy for automatically opening the lock recoil-operated
    • F41A5/04—Mechanisms or systems operated by propellant charge energy for automatically opening the lock recoil-operated the barrel being tilted during recoil

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a firearm, in particular a handgun, with the following features: a barrel group is mounted on or in a frame or housing so as to be movable between a front and a rear end stop in or against the direction of the shot; a locking group is movable - essentially in the same direction as the running group - between a front closed position and a rear open position, moving from its closed position against the action of a closing spring arrangement in its open position and at the end of its return movement against the frame, the housing or strikes a supported part; and a buffer spring arrangement prestresses the barrel assembly in the direction of its front end stop and buffers its run-up against its rear end stop (firearm of the generic type).
  • the aim is in principle to keep the recoil transmitted from the weapon to the shooter as low as possible.
  • the recoil should be so low that it does not trigger the shooter's defense against the shot.
  • the recoil must not pose any health risk to the shooter.
  • the recoil should be particularly low so that the weapon that is ready to fire or even continues to fire after firing a shot does not come out of the direction too much.
  • a very light weapon can be handled particularly quickly and effortlessly; but it opposes the recoil only a small mass and therefore bounces far from the target after every shot.
  • a heavy weapon mitigates the recoil; However, aiming such a weapon, especially before the first shot, is difficult and therefore time-consuming.
  • the barrel In the case of locked, recoil-operated self-loading weapons, the barrel is locked with the breech before firing. When fired, the barrel-lock group moves backwards (momentum conservation law). In the course of this return movement, the lock first opens; the barrel and the lock then move further backward separately. Then the barrel first runs against a stop, usually the weapon housing or the weapon frame. Finally, the lock moves further backwards - against the resistance of a forward spring against a stop, which is usually also the weapon housing or the weapon frame and forms the end point of the breech return.
  • the barrel and the elements associated with it and moving with it exert an impulse on the frame when it runs onto the frame. This transmits the impulse to the shooter as a recoil.
  • the closure and the elements associated with it and moved with it hereinafter referred to as the closure group, act increasingly on the return spring during their return. Their support force against the frame is also felt by the shooter as a recoil.
  • the shutter group runs onto the frame and transmits another impulse to the latter. This in turn transmits the impulse to the shooter as a recoil.
  • the invention manages to further and noticeably reduce the recoil under the conditions outlined above.
  • the generic firearm mentioned in the introduction has the following additional features: the closing spring arrangement and the buffer spring arrangement are coordinated with one another in such a way that, on the one hand, the breech group strikes the frame, the housing or the part supported against it, and, on the other hand, the runner group bumps against the front end stop take place essentially simultaneously (characterizing part of claim 1).
  • the spring characteristics of the buffer spring and the closing spring are coordinated with one another in such a way that the running group as a result of the action of the buffer spring and the closure group as a result of the action of the closing spring strike their respective end stops essentially simultaneously; the running group thus reaches its front end stop as precisely as possible at the point in time at which the closing group reaches the end of its closing return.
  • the rearward impulse of the locking group against the housing, the frame, the handle or a part supported against it is reduced by the simultaneous, but opposite, impulse of the running group against the front end stop.
  • the backward impulse of the shutter group which is the essential part of the by the shooter as a disturbing recoil, is significantly reduced by the counter impulse of the violently moving forward group.
  • the weapon according to the invention can be a self-loading weapon, in which the return movement of the breech is used to actuate the reloading mechanism as soon as it is opened (for example in the case of a belt tracking mechanism), or in which the return movement is inhibited by the reloading mechanism (for example due to the friction of a cartridge fitted against the breech).
  • the characteristics of the buffer spring and closing spring are advantageously matched to a firing process in which a reloading process also takes place.
  • the two springs are then no longer precisely matched to the last shot, that is to say the shot process in which reloading no longer takes place, that is to say there is little or no inhibition of the locking movement. Only with this last shot there is less recoil compensation (claim 3).
  • the use of a housing, frame or handle or part supported against it made of plastic or fiber-reinforced plastic is particularly advantageous; on the one hand, because the recoil reduced according to the invention enables the use of a lighter weapon, on the other hand, because the hysteresis peculiar to plastic material at least partially compensates for an improper adjustment of the spring characteristics and an associated temporal offset of the opposing pulse outputs (claim 4).
  • the spring guide rod for the closing spring is included in the running group is involved, together with this performs the unlocking movement and carries a flange or a bushing which forms the stop for the closure group; the latter strikes against this bush at the end of its return from the front at the time when the bush together with the running group have reached their maximum forward speed.
  • the latter is regularly the case when the running group also reaches its front end stop.
  • the closing spring 16 and the buffer spring 66 are matched to one another in such a way that the closure group 6, 32 its rearmost position is reached (FIG. 3d) when the spring guide rod 36 belonging to the running group 2, 36 reaches its foremost position and strikes with its bushing 64 against the closure part 32 from behind.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 For a better understanding of the invention, known Colt-Browning-type pistols are shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. These weapons are so-called locked self-loading pistols.
  • a swiveling tube referred to below as barrel 2 bears against a butt plate 4 of a closure part 6.
  • the rear barrel section 8 which is designed as a cartridge chamber, has on its upper side Locking lugs 10 which engage in corresponding grooves of the closure part 6 and rigidly connect the barrel 2 to the closure part 6 before the shot.
  • such pistols have a handle 12, the handle (not shown here) of which regularly surrounds a magazine shaft for receiving an exchangeable magazine.
  • the closure part 6 is slidably mounted on the handle 12. When a shot is fired, the projectile is accelerated in the forward direction. In accordance with the conservation of momentum law, this creates the known recoil which drives the barrel 2 together with the closure part 6 to the rear.
  • the closure part 6 then performs a return or opening movement in the longitudinal direction from the ready-to-fire position to a closure stop 14 fixed to the housing, against the action of a closure spring 16 arranged below and essentially parallel to the barrel 2.
  • the rear barrel section 8 carries on its underside a barrel extension 18 with a control cam, which is composed essentially of an unlocking curve 20 and a locking curve 22.
  • the barrel 2 is pivoted upwards via the control elements described and brought into a new locking with the closure part 6. Subsequently, the barrel 2 and the closure part 6 slide forward together until the barrel extension 18 strikes a cross bolt 28 fixed to the housing and the barrel 2 together with the closure part 6 comes to a standstill in the fire readiness position.
  • FIGS. 3a to 3e are based on the Colt-Browning system shown in FIG. 1 and therefore use some elements that are functionally identical or functionally similar, as already described there. In this regard, reference is also made to FIG. 1 to avoid repetitions. Otherwise, functionally identical or functionally similar elements regularly have the same reference symbols in all drawings.
  • the self-loading pistol shown in Fig. 3a has the locking described above according to the Colt-Browning system and has the main parts of the handle 12, the movable locking member 6 and the pivotable barrel 2.
  • the barrel 2 sits in a recess in the closure part 6 and penetrates on the mouth side, a guide bore 30 in the front end 32 of the closure part 6.
  • the rear barrel section 8, designed as a cartridge chamber, lies with its rear end on the butt plate 4 and with one on its bottom trained front end shoulder on a system 34 of the closure member 6.
  • a spring guide rod 36 is arranged longitudinally displaceably below the barrel 2 and parallel to this. Its front end passes through a guide bore 38 in the mouth-side closure part end 32.
  • the closure spring 16 sits on the spring guide rod 36 and is supported with its front end against the front closure part end 32 and with its rear end against a bearing part 40 fixed to the housing. It can be seen that the breech spring 16 seeks to move the breech 6 to the ready-to-fire position; further that it is compressed during the return or opening movement of the closure part 6.
  • the rear end of the spring guide rod 36 is supported with its underside on the surface of the bearing part 40 and can slide back and forth there for a limited distance.
  • the bottom 46 of the recess 42 forms a guide surface which is defined by the front and rear side walls of the recess 42 is limited.
  • the front side wall is also called the rear end stop 48 in the following - rear end stop because it limits the rearward return movement of the spring guide rod 36 and thus of the barrel 2.
  • the rear side wall is called the front end stop 50 for analogous considerations.
  • the bottom 46 has a shallow depression 52 which is precisely adapted to the periphery of the cross bolt 44.
  • the depression 52 serves to stabilize the position of the spring guide rod 36 and the cross bolt 44 in different operating states the firearm, especially when ready to fire.
  • the rear end of the spring guide rod 36 has on its upper side, ie the side facing the barrel 2, a barrel stop 54 provided with a control profile.
  • the running approach 18 facing it is provided with a complementary control profile.
  • the two control profiles together lead to curve control based on the Colt Browning principle.
  • the barrel extension 18 has an extension 56 in the form of a half dovetail, the rear surface of which forms the release bevel 20. If the barrel 2 and the closure part 6 are driven backwards by the recoil, then the unlocking slope 20 of the extension 56 slides downward along a complementary unlocking slope 20 'of the barrel stop 54 down into a further recess 58 provided in the barrel stop 54 Barrel 2 unlocked in a known manner from the closure part 6. Unlocked positions can be seen in FIGS. 3b to 3e.
  • the running extension 18 has a further extension 59 with the locking bevel 22 which is offset to the rear relative to the extension 56.
  • the locking bevel 22 and the unlocking bevel 20 lie essentially parallel to one another and delimit an obliquely running groove.
  • the locking bevel 22 of the extension 59 interacts with a locking bevel 22 'on the rear end face of the barrel stop 54.
  • the web of the barrel stop 54 delimited by the unlocking and locking slopes 20 'and 22' sits in the above-mentioned groove (between the unlocking and locking slopes 20 and 22) of the barrel extension 18 .
  • FIGS. 3a-3e there is an elongated hole 60 in the spring guide rod 36.
  • a pin bolt 62 is mounted in a longitudinally displaceable manner.
  • the pin bolt 62 passes through a bush 64 which is displaceably pushed on the spring guide rod 36 and is in a form-fitting connection therewith.
  • the bushing 64 is subjected to the force of a buffer spring 66 which is supported with its front end against the bushing 64. With its rear end, the buffer spring 66, like the closing spring 16, is supported against the bearing part 40 fixed to the housing.
  • the buffer spring 66 loads the bushing 64 so that the pin bolt 62 bears against the front end of the elongated hole 60.
  • the spring guide rod 36 is also under a prestress, but is prevented from moving forward by the fact that its front end stop 50 rests on the cross bolt 44.
  • the barrel 2 and the locking part 6 locked with it cannot move forward from this position under the action of the locking spring 16.
  • the front surface of the barrel extension 56 lies against the front boundary surface of the spring guide rod recess 58.
  • the closure spring 16 surrounds the buffer spring 66 and the bushing 64.
  • the front end face of the bushing 64 serves as a rear closure stop, that is to say as a stop against which the front end 32 of the closure part runs when the closure 6 returns.
  • the buffer spring could also be arranged between the handle 12 and the rear free end of the spring guide rod 36 and a rear closure stop could sit on the spring guide rod 36, approximately at the height of the bushing 64.
  • FIGS. 3a to 3e The operation of the locked self-loading pistol shown will now be described with reference to FIGS. 3a to 3e. For reasons of better clarity, only the reference numerals directly addressed there are shown in FIGS. 3b to 3e.
  • Fig. 3a shows the gun in the locked fire ready position.
  • the unlocking slope 20 on the barrel extension 18 is offset relative to the unlocking slope 20 'on the barrel stop 54 by the locking distance to the front, that is to say by the distance that the barrel 2 and the closure part 6 travel together during the unlocking process.
  • the closure part 6 can now move further to the rear independently of the barrel 2, that is to say continue its opening movement, with its front, ie mouth-side end 32 being supported on the closure spring 16 (FIG. 3c).
  • the buffered barrel stop 54 gently catches the barrel extension 18. This soft catching phase lasts at most until at most the rear end stop 48 of the recess 42 runs up against the cross bolt 44.
  • the spring guide rod 36 has then been moved backwards against the force of the buffer spring 66 by a maximum of the amount of the elongated recess 42.
  • the buffer spring 66 has been compressed accordingly.
  • the spring guide rod 36 and the barrel 2 hooked to it have come to a standstill. However, the closure member 6 continues its return movement.
  • the buffer spring 66 now presses the spring guide rod 36 (via the bushing 64 and the transversely extending pin bolt 62 connected to it non-positively) again to the front (FIG. 3d).
  • the bottom 46 of the elongated recess 42 now slides in the forward direction over the cross bolt 44.
  • the barrel stop 54 of the spring guide rod 36 hooked to the barrel extension 18 takes the barrel 2 forward again.
  • This forward movement of the runner group containing the spring guide rod 36 together with the run stop 54 and the run 2 including the run extension 18 continues until the front end stop 50 and the depression 52 strike the cross bolt 44.
  • the returning closure group also strikes with its mouth-side end 32 against the front end face of the closure stop, ie the socket 64 on.
  • the locking group has also reached its rear end position.
  • the bushing 64 is in its foremost position (FIG. 3d), which is fixed by the engagement of the pin bolt 62 in the slot 60, i.e. the pin bolt 62 lies against the front end of the elongated hole 60.
  • the buffer spring 66 acts again as a damping spring, now together with the locking spring 16: the front one Closure part end 32 pushes the bushing 64 back a little against the force of the buffer spring 66, at most as far back as is possible through the engagement between the pin bolt 62 and the elongated hole 60 (FIG. 3e).
  • the spring guide rod 36 remains in its position determined by the stabilization intervention and hooked into the barrel 2. - The case described above can occur, for example, if a different ammunition was used than that which is actually intended for the firearm and was accordingly also taken into account in the spring tuning. Different calibers generally require different spring adjustments, which can be done, for example, by exchanging at least one of the two springs for another spring.
  • the closure member 6 strives after reaching its rear end position back to its front starting position, driven from the locking spring 16; if necessary, ie in the event of an error in the spring adjustment, initially also additionally driven by the buffer spring 66.
  • the closure part 6 now takes the uppermost cartridge from the magazine (both are not shown in the figures) during its closing movement and guides it into the Cartridge chamber in the rear barrel section 8.
  • the self-loading pistol described can be modified in details within the scope of the invention. So the guide surfaces and stop surfaces do not necessarily have to be formed on the underside of the barrel. They can also be grooves or webs on both sides of the barrel. Likewise, the functions of the recess 42, the base 46 serving as a guide surface, the transverse bolt 44 and the recess 52 can be performed by control cams which can be formed on both sides of the barrel on the barrel, on the handle and / or on the closure part.
  • FIG. 3 can be modified in that the bushing 64 'is fixed to the spring guide rod 36 is connected, the slot 60 of the previous embodiment is therefore omitted.
  • the exemplary embodiment of FIG. 4 is only shown in one operating state, namely that in which it differs from the exemplary embodiment of FIG. 3. This state corresponds to the operating state of Fig. 3d.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)
  • Portable Nailing Machines And Staplers (AREA)
  • Vibration Dampers (AREA)
  • Orthopedics, Nursing, And Contraception (AREA)
  • Operating, Guiding And Securing Of Roll- Type Closing Members (AREA)
EP94118693A 1993-12-02 1994-11-28 Arme à feu comportant un amortisseur de recul, en particulier arme à poing Expired - Lifetime EP0656518B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4341131 1993-12-02
DE4341131A DE4341131C1 (de) 1993-12-02 1993-12-02 Schußwaffe mit Rückstoßabpufferung, insbesondere Faustfeuerwaffe

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0656518A1 true EP0656518A1 (fr) 1995-06-07
EP0656518B1 EP0656518B1 (fr) 1997-01-29

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EP94118693A Expired - Lifetime EP0656518B1 (fr) 1993-12-02 1994-11-28 Arme à feu comportant un amortisseur de recul, en particulier arme à poing

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US5581046A (fr)
EP (1) EP0656518B1 (fr)
KR (1) KR100193178B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE148552T1 (fr)
CA (1) CA2136594C (fr)
DE (2) DE4341131C1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2098852T3 (fr)

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EP1457755A1 (fr) * 2003-03-12 2004-09-15 Röhm GmbH Dispositif pour l'entraínement des chiens

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US7698987B2 (en) * 2002-06-07 2010-04-20 Gamma Kdg Systems Sa Heavy caliber firearm with enhanced recoil and control characteristics
US7201094B2 (en) 2002-06-07 2007-04-10 Gamma Kdg Systems Sa Firearm with enhanced recoil and control characteristics
US9038524B2 (en) * 2002-06-07 2015-05-26 Kriss Systems Sa Firearm with enhanced recoil and control characters
CA2724276C (fr) 2002-06-07 2013-03-26 Kriss Systems Sa Dispositif de regulation du recul
GR1004649B (el) * 2003-02-06 2004-07-28 Μαντασαδημητριοσαπαναγιωτη Μαγνητομηχανικοασυστημααμειωσησατησαπροκαλουμενησαανακρουσησααποαπυροδοτησηαβολιδασαπυροβολουαοπλουαα
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US7662053B1 (en) 2006-12-18 2010-02-16 Dustin Summers Ball returning backstop
DE102007003180B4 (de) * 2007-01-22 2009-01-08 Heckler & Koch Gmbh Waffe mit Rückstoßdämpfung
US9217614B2 (en) * 2011-02-11 2015-12-22 Jorge Pizano Firearm having an articulated bolt train with transversally displacing firing mechanism, delay blowback breech opening, and recoil damper
AT510442B1 (de) 2011-08-24 2012-04-15 Wilhelm Bubits Pistole mit verriegelung durch verriegelungskörper
EP2603764B1 (fr) * 2011-09-20 2015-09-09 Arsenal Firearms Finance Limited Arme de poing avec un dispositif de verrouillage
AT513605B1 (de) * 2013-06-21 2014-06-15 Christian Kada Umrüstbausatz für eine Schusswaffe sowie Verfahren zum Umrüsten einer Schusswaffe
US9915485B2 (en) * 2014-06-17 2018-03-13 Skunk Labs Llc Semi-automatic pistol
US9739558B2 (en) * 2015-06-23 2017-08-22 Apex Tactical Specialties, Inc. Barrel system for a firearm
US10330421B2 (en) * 2015-06-23 2019-06-25 Apex Tactical Specialties, Inc. Barrel system for a firearm
WO2017044586A1 (fr) 2015-09-11 2017-03-16 Silencerco, Llc Pistolet amorti
EP3397917B1 (fr) * 2015-12-28 2021-05-19 Sturm, Ruger & Company, Inc. Système de came progressive pour canon destiné à une arme à feu
US10077959B2 (en) * 2016-01-19 2018-09-18 American Classic Arms, LLC Direct acting barrel recoil spring
DE102016009047B3 (de) * 2016-07-25 2018-01-11 Thomas Weinland Rohrwaffe mit Rückstoßdämpfer
US10365059B2 (en) * 2016-10-21 2019-07-30 Taurus International Manufacturing, Inc. Firearm having a removable striker housing
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US10203173B2 (en) * 2017-04-22 2019-02-12 Jameson S. Ellis Barrel locking mechanism for a firearm
US11085736B2 (en) 2018-04-27 2021-08-10 Really Right Stuff, Llc Ball head based clamping device
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US10641562B2 (en) * 2018-06-22 2020-05-05 James Robert Patrick, IV Firearm with recoil mitigation
IT201900012603A1 (it) * 2019-07-22 2021-01-22 Force 10 Ltd Pistola con dispositivo di chiusura rotante
CZ2020441A3 (cs) * 2020-08-04 2021-09-29 KUMMER s.r.o. Střelná zbraň
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AU2021282383B1 (en) * 2021-12-06 2022-03-17 Besselink, Bernard Christian Dr Recoil-operated pistol
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US4947730A (en) * 1985-02-04 1990-08-14 Red Eye Arms, Inc. Firing mechanism for polymer weapon apparatus
EP0505917A2 (fr) * 1991-03-25 1992-09-30 Heckler & Koch GmbH Arme à feu, notamment arme de poing

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1457755A1 (fr) * 2003-03-12 2004-09-15 Röhm GmbH Dispositif pour l'entraínement des chiens

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA2136594C (fr) 2000-07-04
US5581046A (en) 1996-12-03
DE4341131C1 (de) 1995-02-02
ATE148552T1 (de) 1997-02-15
KR100193178B1 (ko) 1999-06-15
CA2136594A1 (fr) 1995-06-03
ES2098852T3 (es) 1997-05-01
KR950019620A (ko) 1995-07-24
EP0656518B1 (fr) 1997-01-29
DE59401713D1 (de) 1997-03-13

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