EP0651827B1 - Utilisation de composes dialkyles organiques non ioniques pour eviter la formation de reponses grasses sur le cuir - Google Patents

Utilisation de composes dialkyles organiques non ioniques pour eviter la formation de reponses grasses sur le cuir Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0651827B1
EP0651827B1 EP93915870A EP93915870A EP0651827B1 EP 0651827 B1 EP0651827 B1 EP 0651827B1 EP 93915870 A EP93915870 A EP 93915870A EP 93915870 A EP93915870 A EP 93915870A EP 0651827 B1 EP0651827 B1 EP 0651827B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
leather
fat
carbon atoms
additive
alkyl group
Prior art date
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Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP93915870A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0651827A1 (fr
Inventor
Rudolf Zauns Huber
Emil Ruscheinsky
Fredi Wolter
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Henkel AG and Co KGaA
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Henkel AG and Co KGaA
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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C14—SKINS; HIDES; PELTS; LEATHER
    • C14C—CHEMICAL TREATMENT OF HIDES, SKINS OR LEATHER, e.g. TANNING, IMPREGNATING, FINISHING; APPARATUS THEREFOR; COMPOSITIONS FOR TANNING
    • C14C9/00—Impregnating leather for preserving, waterproofing, making resistant to heat or similar purposes
    • C14C9/02—Impregnating leather for preserving, waterproofing, making resistant to heat or similar purposes using fatty or oily materials, e.g. fat liquoring

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the use of special dialkyl ethers to prevent fat rash on leather.
  • greasing agents are the most important tools to shape the character of leather.
  • the effect of the fatliquor comes from a fiber-insulating lubrication and a hydrophobization.
  • the mutual friction is reduced and consequently the suppleness and stretchability of the fabric are improved.
  • This has positive effects on the tensile strength of the leather, because in a stretchable material, many fibers align in the direction of tension when subjected to tensile stress and then offer greater resistance to tearing than the same fibers within a brittle material.
  • Vegetable and animal oils, fats and waxes are generally used as leather greasing agents, furthermore the hydrolysis, sulfation, oxidation and hardening products obtained from these substances by chemical conversion and finally mineral greasing agents; in detail:
  • the saponifiable fats and oils as well as the natural waxes and resins are among the esters.
  • oils and fats are the leather specialist Designated esters of glycerin and fatty acids that are solid or liquid at room temperature.
  • the leather specialist Designated esters of glycerin and fatty acids that are solid or liquid at room temperature.
  • the fatty acids are esterified with higher molecular weight alcohols instead of glycerin.
  • waxes are beeswax, Chinese wax, carnauba wax, montan wax and wool fat;
  • the most important resins include rosin, yeast oil and shellac.
  • the chemical conversion of vegetable and animal fats gives products that are water-soluble and, in addition, have different emulsifying effects on water-insoluble fats.
  • the sulfated water-soluble oils of various types are known, the tears modified by oxidation, which are known as dégras or moellon, the soaps that are formed during the hydrolytic splitting of natural fats, hardened fats and finally free fatty acids such as stearic acid as stoving fats.
  • Most animal and vegetable fats have a certain affinity for the leather substance, which is considerably increased by the introduction or exposure of hydrophilic groups.
  • Mineral greasing agents are also important for leather production. These hydrocarbons are similar to natural fats and oils in some properties, but cannot be saponified. These are fractions from petroleum distillation, which are called mineral oil in liquid form, petroleum jelly in pasty form and paraffin in solid form.
  • Fat mixtures used to grease leather tend to develop a rash if they contain a lot of free fatty acids.
  • Free fatty acids generally have a higher melting point than their glycerides.
  • the hydrolytic cleavage of fatty substances during the storage of the leather increases the risk of fat rashes (cf. B. Kohnstein, Collegium 1913 , 68; W. Fahrion, Chem. Umschau 1917 , 29), but such fat rashes by no means only need to be free To consist of fatty acids.
  • Oxy fatty acids can also give rise to fat rashes (C. R think, Collegium 1926 , 419).
  • Soaps and licker greases are split in chrome leather, especially in insufficiently deacidified chrome leather, with the release of fatty acids. Sulphated oils and fats show a different tendency to form fat rashes, the tendency to rash generally decreases with a longer lifespan (A.Pankhurst, RGMitton, RFInnes, N.Johnson, Journal of International Society of Leather Trades Chemists 1952 , 379).
  • Fat rashes are more likely to occur the more the leather contains fat substances that tend to form rashes.
  • the amount, composition and location of the fat mixture of natural fat and lickerfat present in the leather are decisive for the extent and composition of the rash (see O.Grimm, ⁇ sterr. Lederzeitung 1954 , 253).
  • Loosely structured leather is less prone to rash than leather with a dense fiber structure.
  • Grease rashes are observed more often at low temperatures than at warmer outside temperatures.
  • the crystalline fat rashes develop in the hair holes and gland canals, whereby small crystals are initially formed in the depth, which gradually fill the entire hair hole as larger fat crystals, swell beyond the leather surface and matted into a dense crystal film. All fats that contain stearin or palmitin derivatives can cause crystalline fat rashes, with increasing Concentration increases the risk of a rash (see O. Hagen, Switzerland. Ledertechn. Rundsch. 1949 , 1).
  • neutral fats i.e. substances suitable for leather greasing which do not contain any ionic groups in the molecule, e.g. Fats, waxes and hydrocarbons to form fat rashes.
  • Those neutral fats which represent stearin and / or palmitin derivatives, e.g. corresponding triglycerides.
  • Neutral greases are of particular importance in the so-called licker process of chrome-tanned leather.
  • a licker usually contains about 20 to 40% by weight of an emulsifier and 60 to 80% by weight of a neutral fat. It is a widespread practice in the leather processing industry to use neutral greases for greasing the tanned leather which can be sulfated in a simple manner.
  • reaction mixture obtained can be used directly as a licker since it contains an emulsifier in the form of the sulfated triglyceride and the neutral fat in the form of the unreacted triglyceride.
  • a triglyceride is reacted with a minor amount of concentrated sulfuric acid or oleum
  • the reaction mixture obtained can be used directly as a licker since it contains an emulsifier in the form of the sulfated triglyceride and the neutral fat in the form of the unreacted triglyceride.
  • Skin fat consists of a mixture of differently structured lipids, the type and proportions of which are summarized in Table 1 for some important animal species (cf. Martin Hollstein, "Leather library; Volume 4: degreasing, greasing and waterproofing in leather production”; p. 116- 136).
  • Table 1 shows that the triglycerides represent the most important group of skin lipids in terms of quantity. In connection with the formation of fat rash, it is particularly critical from the point of view of the leather technician that these triglycerides are predominantly based on saturated fatty acids: lauric, myristic, palmitic and stearic acid are typical components of this group.
  • the wax esters also contain as Components include these fatty acids, which are particularly critical with regard to their tendency to fat rash.
  • Table 1 Composition of the total lipids of the skin of various animal species (in% based on the total lipid of fresh skin) Lipid Animal species Beef goat sheep Triglycerides 53 68 56 Wax ester 11 12th 23 Phospholipids 1 8th 6 cholesterol 4th 8th 5 free fatty acids 0 4th 5 Hydrocarbons 1 - -
  • Fat swings which can be clearly distinguished from mineral rashes by disappearing when heated with a burning match, can be removed, for example, by rubbing the leather with a cloth soaked in petrol; In order to prevent a rash from developing again, it has been recommended to oil the scars with a neutral mineral oil (cf. F. Stather, "Tanning chemistry and tanning technology", Berlin 1967 , p. 740).
  • A.Gluszcak and KJBienkiewicz report on the use of a mixture of wood dust, water, hexane and carbon tetrachloride to remove fat rash (cf. Przegl. Skorzany 1985 , 40 (11-12), 232; cited from Chem. Abstracts 105 (6): 45160e).
  • halogenated compounds such as chlorinated hydrocarbons.
  • chlorinated paraffins as additives to fat liquor emulsions to help reduce rashes J.Golonka (Przegl. Skorzany 42 (2), 35; cited from Chem. Abstracts 107 (18): 156865z) describes how to prevent chromium-tanned pig fields.
  • the present invention therefore relates to the use of dialkyl ethers of the general formula (II) R3-0-R4 (II) in which the radicals R3 and R4 independently of one another are an alkyl group having 1 to 32 and in particular 7 to 22 C atoms, the alkyl groups being saturated or unsaturated, straight-chain or branched, with the proviso that the total number of C atoms per ether molecule is in the range from 14 to 36 and the dialkyl ethers have a pour point below 6 ° C. to prevent fat rash on leather.
  • the radicals R3 and R4 independently of one another are an alkyl group having 1 to 32 and in particular 7 to 22 C atoms, the alkyl groups being saturated or unsaturated, straight-chain or branched, with the proviso that the total number of C atoms per ether molecule is in the range from 14 to 36 and the dialkyl ethers have a pour point below 6 ° C. to prevent fat rash on leather.
  • compositions which prevent fat rash and which contain a fatliquor and an anti-fat rash Additive being a dialkyl ether of the general formula (II) R3-0-R4 (II) is in which the radicals R3 and R4 independently of one another are an alkyl group having 1 to 32 and in particular 7 to 22 carbon atoms, where the alkyl groups can be saturated or unsaturated, straight-chain or branched, with the proviso that the total number of carbon atoms per ether molecule is in the range from 14 to 36 and the pour point of the dialkyl ether is below 6 ° C.
  • R3 and R4 independently of one another are an alkyl group having 1 to 32 and in particular 7 to 22 carbon atoms, where the alkyl groups can be saturated or unsaturated, straight-chain or branched, with the proviso that the total number of carbon atoms per ether molecule is in the range from 14 to 36 and the pour point of the dialkyl ether is below 6 ° C.
  • compositions are those in which the fatliquor is a neutral fat.
  • Neutral fat is understood in the sense of the nomenclature common in leather technology to mean any greasy and poorly water-soluble substance.
  • Examples of neutral oils are triglycerides, alkanes and fatty acids.
  • the invention further relates to a process for greasing leather, in which tanned leather is treated with an additive which prevents fat and a fat rash, a dialkyl ether of the general formula (II) being used as the additive.
  • R3-0-R4 (II) used in which the radicals R3 and R4 independently of one another are an alkyl group having 1 to 32 and in particular 7 to 22 carbon atoms, the alkyl groups being saturated or unsaturated, straight-chain or branched, with the proviso that the total number of carbon atoms per ether molecule is in the range from 14 to 36, the dialkyl ether having a pour point below 6 ° C.
  • a neutral fat is used as the fatliquor.
  • the method according to the invention is particularly suitable for greasing chrome-tanned leather.
  • the greasing process is carried out in a conventional manner.
  • the grease must be transported into the capillary spaces between the leather fibers and the fibrils, and fibers and fibrils must be coated with a grease film as evenly as possible.
  • the greasing process is always carried out on moist leather, because the leather fibers are separated from one another by water in the moist state. The fat then penetrates slowly, but very evenly into the damp leather.
  • the amount of fatty substances deposited in the leather is not subject to any particular restrictions and essentially depends on the particular type of leather.
  • vegetable-tanned bottom leather and insole leather contain little fat (approx. 0.5-2%), vegetable-tanned pale leather 15-23%, drive belt leather 5-20%, harness leather and some technical special leather 25% and more.
  • Chrome-garment upper leather usually contain only 2-6% fat, chrome-garment leather a little more (4-10%), waterproof leather about 15-21%.
  • the compounds (II) are prepared by known synthetic organic chemical methods. They are also commercially available in a wide variety.
  • the usable proportions of the compounds (II) according to the invention or their mixtures in fatliquoring agents range from 5 to 70% by weight, preferably from 5 to 30% by weight, based on the mixture as a whole.
  • the leather pretreated according to No. 2 was tested for its tendency to form fat rashes.
  • the method used is a modification of HAOllert's method (see "Das Leder" 1989, p. 256).
  • the good correlation of the test results with the results of long-term storage indicated by Ollert could be confirmed in our own investigations.
  • agents known from the prior art such as chlorinated paraffins, was recorded and confirmed in the test.
  • the leather to be tested (pretreated according to No. 2) was punched out in a circle - without conditioning - (diameter: 155 mm).
  • the leather washers were then used to cover the opening of a 1 liter flat ground cup filled with 300 ml of tap water (outside diameter: 155 mm), the grain side being on the top (outside).
  • the leather was fixed with a tension ring and then the water was heated to boiling and kept at the boiling temperature for 2 minutes. In this way, the pretreated leather was exposed to a defined thermal load, with water vapor escaping from the scars.
  • the clamping ring was then removed, the leather disc covering the flat ground cup was removed and the water poured out.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Treatment And Processing Of Natural Fur Or Leather (AREA)

Claims (6)

  1. Utilisation de dialkyléthers pour empêcher des ressuages gras sur le cuir, caractérisée en ce qu'on utilise lors du graissage des cuirs des dialkyléthers de la formule générale (II) :

            R³-O-R⁴     (II)

    dans laquelle les radicaux R3 et R4 représentent indépendamment l'un de l'autre un groupe alkyle ayant de 1 à 32 et en particulier 7 à 22 atomes de C, les groupes alkyle pouvant être saturés ou non saturés, à chaîne droite ou ramifiés, sous réserve que le nombre total des atomes de C par molécule se situe dans la zone de 14 à 16, dialkyléthers qui ont un point de solidification inférieur à 6°C.
  2. Composition empêchant les ressuages gras qui contient un agent de graissage et additif empêchant les ressuages gras, caractérisée en ce que l'additif est un dialkyléther de formule générale (II):

            R³-O-R⁴     (II)

    dans laquelle les radicaux R³ et R⁴ représentent indépendamment l'un de l'autre un groupe alkyle ayant 1 à 32 et en particulier 7 à 22 atomes de C, les groupes alkyle pouvant être saturés ou non saturés, à chaîne droite ou ramifiés, sous réserve que le nombre total d'atomes C par molécule d'éther se situe dans la zone de 14 à 36, et que le point de solidification du dialkyléther est inférieur à 6°C.
  3. Composition selon la revendication 2 dans laquelle l'agent de graissage est une graisse neutre.
  4. Procédé de graissage du cuir, dans lequel on traite du cuir tanné avec un agent de graissage et un additif empêchant les ressuages gras, caractérisé en ce qu'on met en oeuvre comme additif un dialkyléther ayant un point de solidification inférieur à 6°C et de formule générale (Il) :

            R³-O-R⁴     (II)

    dans laquelle les radicaux R³ et R⁴ représentent indépendamment l'un de l'autre un groupe alkyle ayant de 1 à 32 et en particulier 7 à 22 atomes de C, les groupes alkyle pouvant être saturés ou non saturés, à chaîne droite ou ramifiés, sous réserve que le nombre total des atomes C par molécule d'éther se situe dans la zone de 14 à 36.
  5. Procédé selon la revendication 4, dans lequel on met en oeuvre comme agent de graissage principalement une graisse neutre.
  6. Procédé selon les revendications 4 ou 5, dans lequel on met en oeuvre du cuivre tanné au chrome.
EP93915870A 1992-07-18 1993-07-10 Utilisation de composes dialkyles organiques non ioniques pour eviter la formation de reponses grasses sur le cuir Expired - Lifetime EP0651827B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4223704 1992-07-18
DE4223704A DE4223704A1 (de) 1992-07-18 1992-07-18 Verwendung nichtionischer organischer Dialkylverbindungen zur Verhinderung von Fettausschlag auf Leder
PCT/EP1993/001807 WO1994002649A2 (fr) 1992-07-18 1993-07-10 Utilisation de composes dialkyles organiques non ioniques pour eviter la formation de reponses grasses sur le cuir

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0651827A1 EP0651827A1 (fr) 1995-05-10
EP0651827B1 true EP0651827B1 (fr) 1996-05-29

Family

ID=6463542

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP93915870A Expired - Lifetime EP0651827B1 (fr) 1992-07-18 1993-07-10 Utilisation de composes dialkyles organiques non ioniques pour eviter la formation de reponses grasses sur le cuir

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US5468255A (fr)
EP (1) EP0651827B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH09502207A (fr)
AT (1) ATE138692T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE4223704A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2087753T3 (fr)
WO (1) WO1994002649A2 (fr)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19709180A1 (de) * 1997-03-06 1998-09-10 Henkel Kgaa Verwendung von Sulfatierungsprodukten von Alkylenglycoldiestern
KR101883189B1 (ko) * 2016-07-19 2018-07-31 주식회사 대호레더 백화현상이 방지된 천연가죽의 제조방법

Family Cites Families (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2158627A (en) * 1938-03-25 1939-05-16 Ninol Inc Treatment of hides, skins, and leather
US2322959A (en) * 1941-10-25 1943-06-29 American Cyanamid Co Tanning
BE535863A (fr) * 1954-04-06 1958-12-19
US3770372A (en) * 1971-01-05 1973-11-06 Us Agriculture Process for lubricating leather
US3749669A (en) * 1971-06-21 1973-07-31 Us Agriculture Lubricants for hides and leather
US3764358A (en) * 1971-10-18 1973-10-09 Diamond Shamrock Corp Sperm oil substitute and its use in leather treatment
AR202669A1 (es) * 1973-11-03 1975-06-30 Henkel & Cie Gmbh Composicion para la preparacion de cueros resistentes a la accion del agua y procedimiento correspondiente
JPS57111361A (en) * 1980-12-27 1982-07-10 Asahi Pen:Kk Paint composition for leather
IT1200100B (it) * 1984-08-22 1989-01-05 Sandoz Ag Composizione a base di esteri parziali dell'acido fosforico, impiegabili per l'ingrasso in mezzo acquoso delle pelli conciate
DE3636256A1 (de) * 1986-10-24 1988-04-28 Henkel Kgaa Kosmetische emulsionen mit verbessertem fliessverhalten
WO1990015127A1 (fr) * 1989-06-09 1990-12-13 Ag-Seed Pty Limited Huile de jojoba artificielle
JPH07111361A (ja) * 1993-10-12 1995-04-25 Hitachi Ltd 埋込型半導体レーザ素子及びその製造方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE59302761D1 (de) 1996-07-04
WO1994002649A2 (fr) 1994-02-03
WO1994002649A3 (fr) 1994-05-11
US5468255A (en) 1995-11-21
ATE138692T1 (de) 1996-06-15
DE4223704A1 (de) 1994-01-20
JPH09502207A (ja) 1997-03-04
ES2087753T3 (es) 1996-07-16
EP0651827A1 (fr) 1995-05-10

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